#Optical Sensors

[andranikfakirian]

Project "ML.Satellite": Image Parser

In order to speed up the "manufacturing" of the training dataset as much as possible, extreme automation is necessary. Hence, the next step was to create a semi-automatic satellite multispectral Image Parser.

Firstly, it should carve the smaller pieces from the big picture and adjust them linearly, providing radiometrical rescaling, since spectrometer produces somewhat distorted results compared to the actual radiance of the Earth's surface. These "pieces" will comprise the dataset. It was proposed to "manufacture" about 400 such "pieces" in a 500 by 500 "pixels" format.

P.S.: Below are example images of the procedure described above. (Novaya Zemlya Archipelago)

Secondly, it should calculate some remote sensing indexes. For this task, a list of empirical indexes was taken: NDVI, NDWI, MNDWI, NDSI, ANDWI (alternatively calculated NDWI), WRI and NDTI. Only several of them were useful for the project purposes.

P.S.2: The following are example images of the indexing procedure.

Lastly, it should compute the "labels" for the "pieces" describing a schematic map of the territory on image splitting this territory into several types according to the calculated indexes. To simplify segmentation, in our project, a territory can consist only of the following types: Clouds, Water (seas, oceans, rivers, lakes…), Vegetation (forests, jungles…), Snow and Land (this class includes everything else). And, of course, Parser should save the processed dataset and labels.

P.S.3: Below are sample image of a colored "piece" and a simple map based on the label assigned to this "piece". Map may seem a drop inaccurate and it's not surprising, since as far as I know, indexes are empirical and by definition cannot be precise. As a result, if it is possible to create a sufficiently accurate model that predicts analytical classification, then it may be possible to create a model that classifies optical images better than analytics.

[cpk8653]

@greenpeaceaustp @animalrightsnow @organic-vintage @soberairplane @feministryangosling @nonprofitambivalence @nongmokiwi @charitycajacallisty @ecojinri @geologychronicles @enviromental-hazard @pollution-brown-eyes @recycledmoviecostumes @resourcemarket

[abhi5345]

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[hariomoptic]

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[frameszons]

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[creativeera]

Electro Optical Targeting System Market Set for Rapid Growth Due to Increased Military Modernization Programs

The electro optical targeting system market comprises precision electro optic and infrared technologies that provide day and night targeting capabilities across air, land and naval platforms. EOTS offer enhanced situational awareness and precision strike abilities to armed forces worldwide. The growing emphasis on network centric warfare, target tracking and engagement has led to a surge in EOTS integration across fighter aircraft, helicopters, battle tanks and warships.

Global electro optical targeting system market is estimated to be valued at USD 13.96 Bn in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 20.18 Bn by 2031, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.4% from 2024 to 2031.

Key Takeaways Key players operating in the electro optical targeting system market include BAE Systems, Elbit Systems, FLIR Systems, General Atomics, Harris Corporation, Hensoldt, Leonardo S.p.A., L3 Technologies, Northrop Grumman, and Raytheon Technologies. These market leaders have strong footholds across geographies and possess comprehensive EOTS capabilities from sensors to fully integrated targeting pods. The Electro Optical Targeting System Market Growth  offers significant opportunities owing to integration across emerging platforms such as unmanned combat vehicles, loitering munitions and space assets. Add-on considerations such as augmented reality overlays, targeting algorithms and deep learning are widening EOTS functional scopes. Furthermore, the demand for mobile and transportable EOTS from security forces and special operations is on the rise. The global expansion of EOTS suppliers and original equipment manufacturers is being driven by burgeoning defense budgets and military modernization programs across Asia Pacific, Middle East, Eastern Europe and Latin America. Partnerships with local defense firms are enabling international EOTS players to participate in co-development and offset programs. Market drivers The key driver for the Electro Optical Targeting System Companies growth is increased military modernization programs by major armed forces globally. Leading countries are aggressively procuring new generation aircraft, helicopters, Armored Vehicles and warships equipped with advanced EOTS. Furthermore, continuous upgradation of existing military hardware and platforms with improved targeting and sensor suites is propelling aftermarket revenues. Rising global threats, border conflicts and expansion of strategic deterrence roles have strengthened the business case for sophisticated EOTS among defense organizations.

PEST Analysis Political: The electro optical targeting system market is influenced by defense budgets and spending allocated by governments. Changes in defense priorities and geopolitical risks affects procurement of these systems. Economic: Economic growth impacts defense modernization plans of armed forces. Defense expenditure is dependent on macroeconomic conditions of nations. Social: Rising threats relating to security and terrorism drives demand for advanced targeting solutions for precision strikes. Growing awareness regarding national security concerns influences investments. Technological: The market is witnessing integration of computer vision, AI and connectivity features in electro optical targeting systems. Advanced sensors and technologies enable improved detection, tracking and engagement capabilities. Geographical Regions of Concentration North America holds the major share of the electro optical targeting system market in terms of value. This can be attributed to large defense budgets and ongoing modernization initiatives of US, Canada and Mexico. Significant expenditure on military hardware supports demand from regional armed forces and allied nations. Fastest Growing Region Asia Pacific is poised to witness the fastest growth during the forecast period. Rapid defense capability enhancement of China, India, Japan, South Korea and other nations is a key factor driving the market. Initiatives to develop indigenous manufacturing capacities along with import of advanced technologies will propel the APAC electro optical targeting system market.

Get more insights on Electro Optical Targeting System Market

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[dvid2brr]

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[andranikfakirian]

Project "ML.Satellite": Launch

The new semester brings to me a new ML project. A prerequisite for getting a good grade for a mandatory data analysis course is to create the beneficial neural network of medium complexity. Thus, I started a project "Machine learning model for the terrain segmentation".

The idea of project is to train a model which could divide the multispectral satellite images into parts by type of terrain (to mark where land and water are in the image, where forest and snow are, etc.) An analytical solution for this task does exist, but it appears to be empirical in nature. And it would be really nice to devise a model independent of this solution. But I haven't been able to find a useful dataset for such a task, therefore this task is getting more and more difficult since I need to create such a dataset. First of all, this dataset will be created using an analytical solution, so the goal changes from trying to beat the analytical solution to trying to catch up with the existing solution. The resulting dataset will be published by the end of the project.

The dataset will be "manufactured" using the data from the Landsat 8 satellite. It provides the images of 11 bands with an aspect size of about 5000-10000 "pixels", excluding the 8th band of doubled size.

P.S.: Below is an example of an image band reduced in size by 10 times.

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Researchers have developed a new optical sensor that provides a simple way to achieve real-time detection of extremely low levels of arsenic in water. The technology could enable household testing for arsenic, empowering individuals to monitor their own water quality. Arsenic contamination is a serious environmental and public health challenge affecting millions of people around the world. This contamination occurs when natural geological processes release arsenic from rocks and soil into groundwater and can be exacerbated by mining, industrial waste disposal and use of arsenic-based pesticides. "Consuming arsenic-contaminated water can lead to severe health conditions including arsenic poisoning and cancers of the skin, lung, kidney and bladder," said lead researcher Sunil Khijwania from the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati. "By creating a sensor that is sensitive, selective, reusable and cost-effective, we aim to address the need for a reliable and user-friendly tool for routine monitoring, helping to protect communities from the risks of arsenic exposure."

Read more.

[driftingthruspace]

HE CAME!!!!!!!!

;)

@directdogman

[fruitiermetrostation]

Sharp Releases Notebook PC with Optical Sensor LCD Pad (2009)

[nanotechnologyworld]

In twisted moiré photonic crystals, how the layers twist and overlap can change how the material interact with light. By changing the twist angle and the spacing between layers, these materials can be fine-tuned to control and manipulate different aspects of light simultaneously — meaning the multiple optical components typically needed to simultaneous measure light’s phase, polarization, and wavelength could be replaced with one device.

[proudfreakmetarusonikku]

nova moment i won’t get to for ages but wanna talk about bc it’s really fucking funny- when amy has her bat mizvah she obviously like. invites her friends. and nova is her best friend and bc of this she’s obviously also invited. and she just spends the entire time in awe bc she's got a special interest in religious text while also having never had any knowledge of actual religious practices. after during celebrations she's just BEGGING amy to know how she can come back to the synagogue bc she had the best night of her life that didn't involve murder she's utterly awestruck. like she legitimately Did Not Know religion was like this and she’s stoked. like down to convert on the spot stoked. (amy encourages her to do more research first bc obviously nova doesn’t have the informed ability to make that choice when she barely knows anything about religion except the scripture isolated from any context but she does take nova to synagogue when she’s in station square)

[frascospecimen]

Im kind of dubious about the whole “switch 2 mouse joycons” thing but not ruling it out entirely. It would be really interesting if that was real that would be fun

[amrutmnm]

Airborne Optronics Market Share Analysis: Leading Players & Regional Insights

The Airborne Optronics Market is experiencing rapid expansion, fueled by increasing demand for advanced electro-optical systems in military, commercial, and urban air mobility applications. The market, valued at USD 1.4 billion in 2020, is projected to reach USD 2.5 billion by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 12.7%. As defense forces, security agencies, and commercial aviation sectors adopt cutting-edge imaging and surveillance technologies, airborne optronics is becoming an integral part of modern aircraft and UAV systems.

Technological advancements, rising investments in defense modernization, and the growing use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for surveillance and reconnaissance are among the key factors driving the market forward. Additionally, the expansion of urban air mobility (UAM) platforms, including air taxis and autonomous cargo drones, is expected to increase the demand for advanced airborne imaging and detection systems.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Airborne Optronics Market

The COVID-19 pandemic had a notable impact on the Airborne Optronics Market, leading to disruptions in supply chains and temporary slowdowns in aircraft production. In 2020, aircraft orders and deliveries declined, affecting demand for airborne optronics. Industry experts estimated that the pandemic resulted in a 7–10% impact on production and services worldwide.

Despite these challenges, recovery began in early 2021 as aerospace manufacturers resumed operations. The increased reliance on UAVs for autonomous surveillance, border security, and ISR (intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance) missions contributed to the resurgence of demand for airborne optronics. Post-pandemic, investments in next-generation imaging sensors and AI-driven surveillance systems are expected to accelerate market growth.

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Technological Innovations Reshaping the Airborne Optronics Market

Modern airborne optronics systems are evolving with advancements in multispectral imaging, AI-based analytics, and high-resolution electro-optical sensors. These innovations are enhancing the capabilities of aircraft, UAVs, and airborne platforms for defense and commercial applications. The development of miniaturized electro-optical systems through nanotechnology is allowing for integration into small drones and lightweight aerial vehicles, improving efficiency without compromising performance.

Multispectral and hyperspectral imaging technologies are also advancing, allowing airborne systems to detect and analyze objects with greater precision across multiple wavelengths. This enhanced imaging capability is crucial for applications in border security, environmental monitoring, and military reconnaissance. As a result, the multispectral segment is expected to experience the highest growth during the forecast period due to its affordability and adaptability in UAV-based applications.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in airborne optronics is transforming the way data is processed and analyzed. AI-powered imaging systems can automatically detect, classify, and track objects, providing real-time intelligence for military and commercial operators. These advancements are making airborne surveillance more efficient and reducing human intervention in complex decision-making scenarios.

Opportunities Driving the Airborne Optronics Market

The rapid development of urban air mobility (UAM) platforms presents a significant growth opportunity for the Airborne Optronics Market. The demand for autonomous aerial transportation, including air taxis, air ambulances, and cargo drones, is rising. The urban air mobility market is projected to expand from USD 2.5 billion to USD 4.9 billion by 2025, creating a strong demand for highly advanced airborne sensor technologies. Ensuring safe navigation, obstacle detection, and precise landing in urban environments will require state-of-the-art electro-optical systems, further boosting market demand.

Another major opportunity lies in the increasing deployment of UAVs in the military sector. UAVs are being integrated with high-resolution electro-optics and infrared (EO/IR) sensors to conduct surveillance operations, border security, and battlefield intelligence missions. The growing need for autonomous surveillance solutions and drone-based reconnaissance is expected to drive continued investments in airborne optronics technologies.

As the market for commercial drones expands, various industries are exploring applications beyond surveillance, such as infrastructure inspections, environmental monitoring, and emergency response. Drones equipped with airborne optronics are increasingly being used in commercial settings to provide real-time imaging, terrain mapping, and asset monitoring, further widening the scope of market opportunities.

Challenges in the Airborne Optronics Market

Despite its growth potential, the Airborne Optronics Market faces several challenges, particularly regarding weather-related inefficiencies in electro-optical sensors. Airborne electro-optics systems are highly sensitive to environmental conditions such as fog, haze, smoke, and dust, which can obscure visibility and limit the accuracy of imaging and targeting systems.

In battlefield scenarios, airborne optronics systems must operate in unpredictable environments where visibility conditions change rapidly. Factors such as smoke from explosions, dust clouds, and atmospheric interference can reduce the effectiveness of EO/IR sensors, making it challenging to maintain consistent surveillance. Addressing these limitations through enhanced sensor technology, adaptive imaging algorithms, and multi-sensor integration is essential for improving system performance in extreme conditions.

Another challenge is the increasing threat of cybersecurity risks associated with airborne optronics systems. As military and commercial aircraft become more dependent on digital imaging and real-time data processing, the potential for cyber attacks, hacking, and electronic warfare interference is rising. Ensuring the security of real-time surveillance data and sensor networks is a critical concern for both defense agencies and commercial operators.

Regional Market Insights: North America Leading Growth

North America is currently the largest regional market for airborne optronics, driven by strong defense spending, technological leadership, and a growing fleet of commercial and military aircraft. The United States remains a dominant player, with major defense contractors and aerospace companies actively investing in next-generation electro-optical systems. Companies like Northrop Grumman, Lockheed Martin, L3Harris Technologies, and Collins Aerospace are at the forefront of innovation in the airborne optronics sector.

In Europe, nations such as France, Germany, and the UK are focusing on modernizing their defense and surveillance capabilities. The presence of leading European companies, including Thales SA and Safran, is contributing to the region’s market expansion. Meanwhile, the Asia-Pacific region is experiencing growing demand for airborne optronics, particularly in countries like China, India, and Japan, where investments in UAV technology and military surveillance systems are rising.

The Middle East, Africa, and Latin America are emerging markets for airborne optronics, with increasing investments in border security, counter-terrorism, and urban surveillance applications. These regions are expected to witness steady growth as governments and private sector players explore new airborne imaging and reconnaissance solutions.

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Future Outlook for the Airborne Optronics Market

The Airborne Optronics Market is expected to witness strong growth, driven by advancements in imaging technology, increasing defense budgets, and the rising demand for UAV-based surveillance. The integration of AI, multispectral imaging, and adaptive sensor technologies will continue to shape the future of airborne surveillance and reconnaissance.

As defense agencies, security forces, and commercial operators seek highly efficient and reliable airborne imaging solutions, companies investing in next-generation electro-optical systems will remain at the forefront of market growth. The continued expansion of urban air mobility and autonomous aircraft systems is expected to open new opportunities for airborne optronics technology, ensuring its relevance in the evolving aerospace industry.