#Brackishwater Fish

[subbalakshmisastry]

SPOTTED SCAT FISH in Lokaranjan Aqua World / Underwater Zone Mysore

[tacosandtouchtanks]

Day six of #ZekinaWeek24

Prompt: bully (countable and uncountable, plural bullies)

A person who is intentionally physically or emotionally cruel to others, especially to those whom they perceive as being vulnerable or of less power or privilege. [from late 17th c.]

A noisy, blustering, tyrannical person, more insolent than courageous; one who is threatening and quarrelsome.

A hired thug.

A sex worker’s minder. (A pimp)

(uncountable) Bully beef.

(obsolete) A brisk, dashing fellow.

The small scrum in the Eton College field game. (rugby)

Any of various small freshwater or brackishwater fish of the family Eleotridae; sleeper gobies

(obsolete or dialectal, Ireland and Northern England) An (eldest) brother; a fellow workman; comrade

(dialectal) A companion; mate (male or female).

(obsolete) A darling, sweetheart (male or female).

(field hockey) A standoff between two players from the opposing teams, who repeatedly hit each other's hockey sticks and then attempt to acquire the ball, as a method of resuming the game in certain circumstances.

(mining) A miner's hammer.

Wiktionary | bully

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Feel free to tag this blog at the end of your post or in a comment.

Find the other prompts of the week and the rules here:

[finarchemical]

What Is Aquaculture And How Is It Maintained

While you may or may not have heard of Aquaculture products, you have heard of aquaculture. Aquaculture, often known as aqua-farming, is the controlled cultivation or farming of aquatic creatures such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs, algae, and other valuable species such as lotus. 

Aquaculture, as opposed to commercial fishing, includes the cultivation of freshwater, brackish water, and saltwater populations under controlled or semi-natural circumstances. Various aquaculture procedures are utilized worldwide for a wide range of culture organisms in three environments (freshwater, brackishwater, and marine). 

Freshwater aquaculture is done in fish ponds, fish pens, fish cages, or, on a smaller scale, rice paddies. Brackishwater aquaculture is mainly practiced in coastal fish ponds. Finally, fish cages or substrates for molluscs and seaweeds, such as stakes, ropes, and rafts, are used in marine culture. 

Culture systems range from extensive to intensive in terms of the stocking density of culture organisms, level of inputs, and degree of management. For example, aquaculture approaches include freshwater pond culture, rice-fish culture, culturing of brackishwater finfish, and integrated fish farming. 

Other examples include mariculture which entails extensive culture and the production of fish/shellfish (e.g., oysters, mussels, cockles) sold at inexpensive rates in rural and urban markets. Maintenance of Aquaculture requires a few steps and products. Aside from feeds and water management, the following pond maintenance procedures are followed: 

Regular application of fertilizers, lime, and pesticides

Predator prevention

Stock monitoring for growth rate determination as a basis for feeds and water management

Regular pond upkeep and maintenance

To sustain the plankton population in the pond, extensive ponds are treated regularly with organic fertilizers like chicken, cow, or pig dung or inorganic fertilizers like urea, ammonium phosphate, or both. The fertilizers are dispersed over the pond's surface or maintained in bags strung from poles planted around the pond's perimeter. 

With a few exceptions, semi-intensive and intensive culture methods do not require fertilization since they are not natural food-based. Finar provides a wide range of high-quality aquaculture solutions to fulfill the growing demand in the aquaculture business. 

Finar, one of the fastest-growing and most reputable aquaculture product providers, also provides Aqua Probiotics through this product profile. Probiotics are a potential technique for controlling infectious organisms and treating disorders. 

Probiotics offer growth stimulation, better digestion, immunological response, and water quality. Probiotics are one type of microbial intervention that can increase fish development by improving feed conversion efficiency and providing protection from dangerous bacteria. 

For over two decades, Finar has continuously provided high-quality Laboratory Chemicals, Analytical Reagents, Food Grade Additives, and Pharmaceutical Excipients to clients in over 50 countries worldwide. Finar adheres to the most stringent environmental, health, and safety regulations. 

Finar is an ISO 9001:2015, 14001:2015, ISO 45001:2018, ISO/IEC 17025:2017, EXCiPACT, and GMP-certified firm that adheres to the highest quality standards. Finar aspires to be a complete partner to the Aqua business, bringing novel and high-quality eco-safe solutions to achieve long-term success. If you are looking for the best Aquaculture probiotics manufacturers in India, look no further than Finar.

[sergiomichelofficial]

I have so many nice little critters to ; look at and study in my literal back yard. (I wanted to be a marine biologist when I was a kid) There may also be a salt water croc too. He might be the guy making all those chirpy noises at night. Cool! LOL @ the Cubano speak in video 4. . . . #birdwatching #audubon #crocodile #alligator #wilderness #wildlife #brackishwater #brackishlife #bass #fish #fishing #lake #stream #river #summer #critter https://www.instagram.com/p/CEm3aGPAIAy/?igshid=72c8ad1xsr3y

[whaleofatjme1920]

Aah mk, I get that take on it, I'll have to check the masterlist to see if I can find the post. I think I scrolled through a bunch of stuff when I first found the blog(as I tend to do) and I recall seeing something where freshwater mer were looked down on for not being able to chill in the ocean, and now I'm wondering how that works for brackishwater species or for species that can do both. (Like stingrays or salmon or bull sharks) There's just, so much to think about for stuff like that.

It's due to the historical worldbuilding I threw in there - pirates, men and women who had children with merfolk stripped away their ability to handle the ocean, and in turn, a lot of oceanic mer are mad about that. In modern times, not so much! It's largely considered an old world thought to be discriminatory based on being able to handle saltwater or not.

All oceanic mer can survive in freshwater, but freshwater mer cannot survive in saltwater (breathing through their gills). Technically, all oceanic mer have this ability. There's no stigma, as mer are (in the way I write them) true shapeshifters that often default back to whatever their tail is. It's how they stay hidden, and why some fish give off a strong uncanny valley vibe. They were merfolk that changed a tad too fast.

For old world mer, I'd say the biggest stigma is against the "inferior nature" of freshwater mer, as they're seen as weaker. They also tend to look physically different than their oceanic counterparts, as freshwater mer have generally lost their ability to change into whatever their tail is! So, that means they're usually much better suited to physically blending into their environments due to the lack of shapeshifting.

[westboundsoul]

Didn't catch any fish tonight. Just a nice view and some peace and quiet. • • • • • #lakelife #fishon #fishing🎣 #fishinglife #outdoorsman #livelifeoutside #freshwaterfishing #brackishwater #lake #lakefishing #sunset #sunsetphoto #naturephotography #beautifulevening #meditation #happyplace #getoutside #woodsman #westboundsoul (at Peace Valley Harbor, Texas) https://www.instagram.com/p/Bz1uVKqFN1j/?igshid=11sc26p2g1uud

[ggfishery-blog]

Really cool African Cichlid out of #laketanganyika Black Pearl Calvus locally bred! Buy now, only here at Golden Glove Fishery. Link in the bio! #altolamprologuscalvus #pearlcalvus #blackpearlcalvus #calvuscichlid #africancichlids #brackishfish #brackishwater #aquarium #aquariumsofinstagram #fish #fishlife #fishphotography #cichlid #cichlids #follow #like #comment https://www.instagram.com/p/Bv_bCpEBC9W/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1f3hpzm2jzjeh

[juniperpublishersoceanography]

Precision Aquaculture: IPAT- Juniper Publishers

Introduction

The Definitive Principles of aquaculture cannot be written in indelible ink. This science is a part of a continuously improvement program. Way back in 1960’s it was recommended to feed the carps with rice bran and oil cake, because they were available in cheap. After the realization that these organic feeds are poorly utilized by fish and the fact that nowadays these raw materials for many other beneficial and much more economical activities and with increased demand, the cost of these raw materials has increased significantly. As advised in classic aquaculture, if it is mixed in 1:1 ratio and fed to fish, the cost of production will be Rs. 99/kg. But now in many parts of the country, the farm gate value of carps (Rs. 80/kg) does not rise above the cost of production. Till recently, carp seed rearing and farming at any scale was highly profitable because of the low cost for the inputs. But this is no longer true, as the cost of basic traditional inputs like cow dung, poultry manure, ground nut cake, rice bran and fixed costs of land; total input costs have increased many fold, while the farm gate value of the fish seed and market size fish remained almost constant. Though aquaculture production models are highly dynamic, unless we assess the economics and understand the scale of economy of any given activity, systems may not be economically or environmentally sustainable. In early sixties, most of the aquaculture production systems were extensive- that is using a low input extensive approach to production. Rice bran, ground nut cake (GNC) and cow dung was available then at cheaper cost. The cost of GNC in 1983 was Rs. 3.80 and it is Rs. 40/kg in 2014. The cost of rice bran was Rs. 1.60 and it is Rs. 18-20/kg currently (Figure 1).

USSEC Sponsored IPAT Program in India

US Soy Bean Export Council invited different stakeholders related to aquaculture and organized two programs in India. One at Vishakapattanam on 17.05.2016 and another at Kolkata on 20.05.2016. Mr Umakanth and Dr Yadunandan, and the USSEC team were instrumental in bringing different stakeholders on one platform to discuss a new aquaculture technology. Mr George Fullerton, Auburn University, USA delivered a special talk describing Intensive Pond Aquaculture Technology or IPAT. It was simplified and technically narrated by Dr Vijay Anand, Director, Asia Sub Continent, for USSEC. The institutes like National Fisheries Development Board, Hyderabad, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru, Aquafeed producers, progressive farmers, shrimp hatchery owners and others related to field of aquaculture were present. The concept was well received by the stakeholders.

Visit to China

In continuation with the above described program in India, the selected group of stakeholders was taken to China to visit farms which demonstrate show the successful IPAT models. See and learn is better than hear and learn. The team of 60 delegates from countries like India, Vietnam, Egypt, China and USA were there as participants. Dr Jesse A. Chappell, Extension Specialist, Auburn University, Ms Deena Hansel, Aquaculture Program Manager, USSEC, Xiaoping Zhang, China Country Director, Mr Joe Zhou Enhua, Technical Manager-freshwater Aquaculture, USSEC, China, Dr Lee, USSEC, China, Mr. Jim Zhang, Program Manager- Aquaculture, USSEC, China, were moderating and technically facilitated the Program.

Delegates were taken to a Government of Farm which is 70km away from Shanghai City. Dr Chappell explained the concepts and immediately delegates were taken to the IPAT farm just few meters away from their office. Then everybody was able to actually see and learn from a real-world operating IPA system I had many doubts when I was listening to IPAT lecture at Vizag, India. Had I asked those questions, it would have been rude on my part for asking such questions. Thank god, I got a chance to see what they were telling in their lectures.

What is this IPAT?

Integrated Pond Aquaculture Technology (IPAT) developed by Auburn University and USSEC is trying to popularize this technology globally. It is just developing raceway structures within the pond system and creating river-flow within the system using only air! Remember those who are getting good fish or shrimp production with Mekong River using its robust natural flow. In an earthen pond say about 1ha, the production raceway or cells having 6-9 inch thick walls and measuring 25m X 5m X 1.5m. The total area of the cells will not cross 0.01.5% of the total area of the earthen pond. This means a 150m2 cell area is enough for 1ha pond. Using air blowers at the inlet end, water is airlifted and taken through the raceway and subsequently to the pond. The last addition 3m length of the cell is a solids or sludge collection point. Sludge is collected using simple pumps which move along the width of the cell. In 150 days, the grass carp production ranges from 140-160kg/m3. In China, they were culturing grass carp, channel catfish, big head carp, etc. They were fed to satiation with soy based floating feeds using automatic feeders. The production cells are positioned at one corner of the ponds. The water gushes out from the cells is guided by a baffle till the opposite corner later by using aerators, water is guided and makes a circular motion and ultimately again reaches the inlet of the cells. The technology is based upon continually flowing water pushed around the pond by air-lifts (Figure 2).

Is it Really Version 8.0?

Indian aquaculture started with stocking wild seeds (version1.0) later moved to stocking hatchery bred seed (Version2.0) along with a manuring schedule (Version 3.0) which wasnatural food based. Slowly, farmers started feeding rice bran and ground nut cake (Version 4.0). With continued advancement in aquaculture technology growers began using aerators (Version5.0) and use of sinking feed pellets (version 6.0). Floating feeds are now added to Indian aquaculture (version 7.0) and now IPAT as Version 8.0 (Figure 3).

Advantage IPAT

I. Entire crop is visible all the time

II. Uniform growth

III. Easy harvest

IV. Disease management is easy and inexpensive

V. More production efficiency and output

VI. Sustainable-financially and environmentally

VII. Reduced organic load on the system

VIII. less labour per unit harvested

Challenges of IPAT

a. Electric Power is essential for 24h; stand-by generator required

b. System Initial investment is little high

c. Round the clock monitoring may be required

Of course, there are solutions for these above said challenges; but at a cost. By looking at the economics, it is worth investing on the essentials that this system demands. Wherever, there are already ponds, they can immediately adopt and switch to IPAT Before switching to this new concept, one must make sure that they can meet the demands of IPAT. The other issues like market demand, species selection, cold chain and such other related issues also have to be taken into consideration before venturing into commercial unit.

Why it is Precision Aquaculture?

It is precision, because one can precisely know and monitor the growth rate, mortality, feed requirement, feeding, water quality, production, productivity, BC Ratio. Depending on the market demand, precise partial harvest is also possible. Using advanced technologies, water quality monitoring probes can be deployed in the cells and whenever the intended parameter varies beyond the specified range, the gadgets give signals to make changes. This can be linked to television at home/office or cell phones and take appropriate decisions to protect and contain the crop (Figure 4).

Other advantages of IPAT

Pangasius farming is going on in India in about 40000ha. But farmers are facing problem in marketing because of the yellowish color of the meat. In still water aquaculture, discoloration of meat is a usual phenomenon because of the stress related ammonia load in the system. If the pangasius grown in IPAT system, pangasius meat will have the whitish color that industry prefers. IPAT offers scope for:

1. Seed rearing

2. Stunted fingerling production

3. Live fish marketing

4. Aqua tourism

Disclaimer

This article is a document of personal field experience of the author. Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries University, Bidar or any other institutions in India and abroad are not responsible for the content, data or opinions in this article. Farmers and entrepreneurs need to take an author's and other experts' opinion before implementing it in the field.

To Know More About Journal of Oceanography Please Click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/ofoaj/index.php

[indianchamber]

Blue Revolution 2.0 in India

The Blue Revolution 1.0 in captured fisheries resulted in the formation of a split fishing sector in India, one comprised of artisanal fishermen and the other of mechanized boat fishers. A Blue Revolution 2.0, a revolution in fisheries culture, has evolved today. Both Revolutions aim to capitalize on India's shrimp export potential, dubbed the "Pink Gold Rush" by some experts. The shrimp business in India is expanding, accounting for over 73% of India's $ 7 billion in seafood exports in 2019-20. (MPEDA 2020). However, this was the outcome of a focused drive to convert the brackish water resources of small-scale fishers to shrimp farms along the coast. Central Institute for Brackishwater Aquaculture was set up in 1987 to serve as a nodal agency for brackish water aquaculture. Coastal Aquaculture Authority was set up in 2005. Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana launched in September 2020 with an investment of Rs. 20,050 crore seeks to further enhance exports to Rs 1 lakh crore by 2024-25, which is more than double the current export value (GOI, 2020). India also has come up with a draft maricultural policy. Perhaps we should take our time capturing the ocean. Small-scale fishermen appear to have been disenfranchised as an organized market has emerged. Can artisanal fishermen be included in aquaculture along with promoting entrepreneurs from the hinterland?

What are your thoughts on a bottom-up approach?

#iccblogs #fisheries #fishing #aquaculture #ocean #seafood #sea #agriculture #bigfish #fishfarming #aquarium #conservation #fishery #riverfish #nature #fishingtrip #monsterfish #amazing #fishlover

[malialaka]

We are wrenching and find out all the trucks happens to have electrical problems…hmm. Kinda got one[ still does it…1:3 towed on private land hmmm??? I Follow up on that, the mahiai farm ohana by night fall supports.] an’ den an’den..we made it to Polihale waiting for the crew. We got shots before trucks out again…proof the warrior style marching of Kaua’i is long but not as hard…they came laughing and chatting , pacing themselves in the luckiest OVERCAST day!! It was the heat before the storm, and the storm passed for this. Blessings to that! Like who gets to paddle and trek tearoa kaikoa style over 25 miles. My hanai dad does iron man Mokuokeawe after months fishing on boat. These guys don’t do this on a daily, and there is kids. Not including Temana 😜 he was into wrenching his bike to ride with @uncle_hoffy but took long so we drove out once we flip some wires. Can’t believe how nice and cool it was out there for them, I wanted to walk in slippahz but Temana didnt want to drive either , he was so into learning how to video them. As he waited at one spot, he practiced his ukulele…and they kept walking and jogging past the Pali, into #MokuoMana past the Mānā Plains Forest Reserve and Kawaiele Waterbird Sanctuary. Passing Kokole Beach Point unseen by path of Haole koa trees, but if you look at the cliff across it, that’s Kaunalewa Ridge Near “Mount Mana Opala” thats what I called it in 2008 to make a point marker for county hearing about sand moving and watch towers 😜🧐, Puuhonua and #WaiawaAhupuaa , #NiihauDistrict boundary towards the foot of Kekaha “the marker [brackishwater]” having passed 18 ridges by the time they get to Pokii Kauna Ridge. Kekaha is a fairly small section and there sits Pali Waiakalakou where the then Mama Lauae Niihau-Kaua’i Olelo First Immersion Second-Language Homeschool (@kanakapcs), and now OHA #punanaleooniihau DOE SoH @kekahaelementaryschool is across @crossfitkekaha and @kealafoundation. There the gym is at the entrance to the Kekaha road to #Kokee Preserve. They should make it by evening at the pace they are at. We would make a detour and enjoy the sanctuary birds before runnin’ into Aana and Makua cousins escorting me home. https://www.instagram.com/p/CcAadVzrC0Q/?utm_medium=tumblr

[mbimphblog]

ZOONOTIC VIBRIO DIVERSITY AND DISEASES IN MUDCRAB FISHERY: IMPACTS ON PUBLIC HEALTH IN INDIA |  UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY

Due to its high nutritional value (big size, huge quantity meat content, and good source of protein and calcium ions) and export value, Scylla sp. (Mudcrab) aquaculture is currently a rising, demanding, and alternative fishery farming in India (local as well as foreign market). Mud crab fishing is a major source of income for many coastal Indians (particularly in West Bengal and South India). Vibrio sp. infection (Vibriosis) causes mass death in Scylla sp. in India, and Vibrio infected mud crabs may potentially transmit deadly genes as zoonotic strains in other organisms, including humans. Fever, chills, nausea, hypotensive septic shock, secondary lesion, infection, gastroenteritis, and diarrhoea are all fairly typical symptoms in humans. Mudcrab natural environment and cultivated firm have been polluted with multiple opportunistic Vibrio sp. from various known and unknown sources, and Mudcrab stock in brackishwater has been declining due to high salinity, temperature, and pH. Such a climatic and bio-unsafe environment also aids in the natural multiplication of Vibrio and the spread of zoonotic infections in humans by injury, handling, and ingestion. To ensure a fruitful Scylla sp. aquaculture and to limit disease incidence without mass death, it is necessary to precisely diagnose the pathogenic infection before it spreads. This research examines Vibrio sp. zoonotic illnesses and their influence on human health and livelihood.

Please see the link :- http://mbimph.com/index.php/UPJOZ/article/view/2460

[moneycafe]

CIBA develops indigenous hatchery tech for high-value commercial fish Grey Mullet

CIBA develops indigenous hatchery tech for high-value commercial fish Grey Mullet

For the first time in the country, Chennai-based Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (CIBA) has announced roll-out of the indigenous hatchery technology for Grey Mullet, a high-valued commercial fish. CIBA has successfully bred the Grey Mullet (Madavai), a highly sought after fish for farming; farmers have been awaiting such a technology for more than three decades. The long-awaited…

[littlefishreporting]

Fish are still slightly active under the ice in this cold Winter weather! The oxygen depletes from decaying plants, so their swimming becomes slower as well as their heart rate. Nitrogen pollution doesn’t go away either. It settles to the bottom, where the fish are relaxing, and will bloom again when the weather becomes warmer. 💚🐠❄️ . . . . #littlefish #littlefishreporting #nitrogenpollution #nitrogen #pollution #hab #habs #harmfulalgalbloom #algaebloom #algae #localpond #pondlife #bass #perch #decay #decaying #bluegill #sunfish #carp #river #riverlife #freshwaterfish #freshwater #brackishwater #winter #millerspond #longisland #newyork https://www.instagram.com/p/B6Q46y9n8zZ/?igshid=13wurgjsvr7il

[asagriaqua]

Kinds of Vertical farming

Prime agricultural land can be scarce and Pricey. With global population growth, the demand for both more food and much more land to grow food up is increasing. AS Agri & Aqua But some farmers and entrepreneurs are beginning to appear, not outside, for space to grow more food vertical farming companies in India.

One solution to our need for more room Might be found in the abandoned warehouses in our towns, new buildings built on environmentally damaged lands, and even in used transport containers from ocean transports. This statement, called vertical farming, link developing crops in controlled indoor environments, together with exact light, nutrients, and temperatures. In Vertical farming in India, raising plants have been stacked in layers that may reach several tales.

Here are Kinds of Vertical Farms

vertical farming in Mumbai come in Various shapes and sizes, from simple two-level or wall-mounted systems to big warehouses several stories tall. However, all perpendicular farms use among three soil-free systems to give nourishment to plants--hydroponic, aeroponic, or aquaponic. The following information describes these three climbing systems:

Hydroponics:

The overriding increasing system used in The plant roots has been swamped in the nutrient solution, which is frequently circulated and monitored to ensure that the right chemical composition is well-kept.

Hydroponic Farming in India or growing plants in water or sand, rather than soil, is done using mineral nutrient solutions in a water solvent.

Aeroponics

Administration (NASA) is trustworthy for creating this revolutionary indoor climbing technique. Interested in finding effective ways to grow plants in space and coined the term"aeroponics," defined as"growing plants fish farming in India within an air/mist environment with no dirt and hardly any water."

Aeroponics systems are still an anomaly in The vertical hydroponic farming globe, but they are attracting substantial interest. An aeroponic system is by far the most efficient plant-growing system for vertical farms, using up to 90% less water than even the very effective hydroponic systems. Plants were grown in such aeroponic systems also have been proven to uptake more minerals and vitamins, making the plants fitter and potentially more healthy.

Aquaponics

An aquaponics fish farming system requires the hydroponic System one step further, combining fish and plants in the same ecosystem. Fish are grown in indoor climates, producing nutrient-rich waste that is used as a feed resource for the plants in the vertical farm. The plants, in turn, filter and purify the wastewater, which is recycled to the fish ponds.

Building-based vertical farms are usually housed in deserted buildings in towns, such as Chicago's "The Plant" vertical farm that has been assembled within an old pork-packing plant. New building construction is also utilized in vertical farms, like the new multistory vertical farm being connected to a present parking lot structure in downtown Jackson Hole, Wyoming.

These vertical farms utilize 40-foot shipping containers, normally in service carrying goods fish agriculture in India around the globe. Shipping containers are being refurbished by several companies into Systems, and vertically stacked shelves for starting and developing a variety of plants. Systems that enable users to track all systems remotely by a smartphone or computer.

These are freshwater aquaculture in India and brackishwater aquaculture. Freshwater aquaculture involves the breeding of freshwater

[chaosmayhem2015-blog]

This monster snook! #saltysins #chaosmayhem2015 #snookfishing #saltwater #brackishwater #fishingkids #kidswhofish #youth #snook #pandemoneum #aquaticaddiction #fisherman #fishing #fisherwoman check out his page.

[alohamemorabiliacompany]

Due to brackish water other fish normally found in salt water live in the pond @pagodahawaii #pagodafloatingrestaurant #pagoda #hawaii #pond #fish #brackishwater #mullet #saltwaterfish #instaview #instatravel #