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digthe60s · 7 years

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1967

The continued presence of American troops increased further and a total of 475,000 were serving in Vietnam. The peace rallies were multiplying as the number of protesters against the war increased. In the middle east, Israel also went to war with Syria, Egypt and Jordan in the six-day war, and when it was over Israel controlled and occupied a lot more territory than before the war. In the summer, cities throughout America exploded in rioting and looting, the worst being in Detroit on July 23, where 7,000 national guards were bought in to restore law and order on the streets. In England, a new type of model became a fashion sensation by the name of Twiggy, and miniskirts continued to get shorter and even more popular. Also during this year, new discotheques and singles bars appeared across cities around the world, and the Beatles continued to reign supreme with the release of Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band. 1967 was coined the “Summer of Love” when young teenagers got friendly, smoked pot and grooved to the music of the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane and the Byrds. The movie industry moved with the times and produced movies that would appeal to this younger audience, including The Graduate, Bonnie and Clyde, and Cool Hand Luke. TV shows included The Fugitive and The Monkees, and color television sets became popular as the price came down and more programs were made in color.

Major events

• Arab forces attack Israel, beginning the Yom Kippur War.

• Ariel-3, the first all-British made satellite, was launched into an orbit around the Earth during May. The satellite was launched with the help of NASA from the Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, and it carried five experiments from British universities. The experiments measured atmospheric noise, high altitude oxygen levels, low frequency radiation, medium frequency waves, and electron density and temperature. After its launch it orbited the Earth every 95 minutes and relayed data back to the United Kingdom until 1970, when it re-entered Earth’s atmosphere.

• The first successful human-to-human heart transplant takes place in December. Dr. Christiaan Barnard performed the operation on the 53-year-old patient Louis Washkansky. The operation took place at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. The transplant was successful and Washkansky’s body did not reject the organ, although he did die just 18 days later due to double pneumonia brought on by the immunosuppressive drugs that he had to take. After the success, Barnard continued to perform successful heart transplants with the survival times of patients increasing gradually as technology advanced.

• The arguments in the Loving v. Virginia case were argued at the U.S. Supreme Court in April. The case centered on Mildred Jeter and Richard Loving, an interracial couple from Virginia that got married in Washington, D.C., in the late 1950s. When they went back to Virginia they were charged with breaking the state’s law which banned interracial marriage and were jailed. The Lovings sued the state of Virginia and argued that the ban violated the Fourteenth Amendment and was unconstitutional. In June, the Supreme Court ruled in a 6-3 decision that state bans on interracial marriage were unconstitutional and that they were solely based on racial discrimination. The decision made interracial marriage legal throughout the United States.

• The publication of Ralph Nader’s book Unsafe at Any Speed puts pressure on the government and the automobile industry to improve safety in cars.

• Thurgood Marshall becomes the first black justice on the U.S. Supreme Court.

• Pirate radio stations become illegal.

• On March 18, the SS Torrey Canyon supertanker runs aground off the South of England, causing a large oil spill and ecological disaster. The tanker leaked over 100,000 tons of crude oil into the sea. The oil reached the coasts of the Channel Islands and France, and the oil slick spanned about 270 square miles. The spill was the worst in history at that time and prompted tighter international regulations for ships.

• NASA launches the Lunar Orbiter 3 spacecraft.

• Gibraltar holds referendum on staying with Britain or joining Spain.

• The Beatles release Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band, one of rock’s most acclaimed albums.

• The Expo 67 begins during April in Montreal, Canada.

• The town of Winneconne in the state of Wisconsin declares its sovereignty in July.

• The first issue of Rolling Stone magazine is released.

• Dr. James H. Bedford became the first person to be cryonically preserved after his death in January. Bedford, a 73-year-old psychology professor who died of kidney cancer, asked to be preserved with the hope that he could be revived in the future. He was frozen within hours of his death by the Cryonics Society of California. Robert Prehoda, Dr. Dante Brunol, Robert Nelson, and Dr. Renault Able all took part in the process, during which Bedford’s body was injected with chemicals meant to help preserve him better in cold temperatures, stored in a “cryocapsule” and kept in a bath of liquid nitrogen at -196º C. He has remained at the Alcor Life Preservation Foundation since 1982, after being transferred to several different facilities.

• A series of tornadoes strike the Chicago area, killing more than 60 people and creating millions of dollars worth of damage.

• The 25th Amendment to the Constitution, which deals with succession to the Presidency, is ratified.

• Teachers go on strike throughout the U.S., demanding pay increases to keep pace with inflation.

• Cassius Clay is stripped of his heavyweight title for refusing induction into the U.S. Army.

• The RMS Queen Elizabeth II is launched by Cunard.

• Francis Chichester arrives back in Plymouth, after sailing round the world single-handed.

• President Lyndon B. Johnson asks for a 6% increase on taxes to support the Vietnam War.

• The Public Broadcasting Act establishes the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB).

• Inflation costs of living range from 1.8% to 5.8%.

• Biafra proclaims its independence from Nigeria.

• Race riots break out in a number of cities in the U.S., including Cleveland, Newark, and Detroit.

• United Kingdom and Ireland apply officially for EEC membership.

• Typhoon Emma leaves 140,000 homeless and more than 300 dead.

• The People’s Republic of China tests its first hydrogen bomb.

• Britain devalues the pound by lowering the exchange rate from $2.80 to $2.40.

• The British Road Safety Act, which allows for the use of the “breathalyser” to detect motorists over the legal limit of alcohol, goes into effect.

• 40,000 anti-Vietnam war protesters fill the Kezar Stadium in San Fransisco, California.

• U.S. Navy pilot John McCain is shot down in his A-4 over North Vietnam and spends 5 ½ years in prison.

• A soccer riot in Sivas, Turkey, kills 41 people.

• The Monterey International Pop Festival in California features ‘60s music icons including Jimi Hendrix, The Who, Janis Joplin, The Steve Miller Band, Simon & Garfunkel, and the Grateful Dead.

• Otis Reading dies in a plane crash, aged 26.

• Barbra Streisand performs on Central Park before an audience of 135,000 people.

• The Carrol Shelby Mustang GT-500 Fastback is released.

• The musical Hair opens off-Broadway.

Top 10 highest-grossing films in the U.S.

1. The Graduate (dir. Mike Nichols)

2. The Jungle Book (dir. Wolfgang Reitherman)

3. Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner (dir. Stanley Kramer)

4. Bonnie and Clyde (dir. Arthur Penn)

5. The Dirty Dozen (dir. Robert Aldrich)

6. Valley of the Dolls (dir. Mark Robson)

7. You Only Live Twice (dir. Lewis Gilbert)

8. To Sir, with Love (dir. James Clavell)

9. The Born Losers (dir. T. C. Frank)

10. Thoroughly Modern Millie (dir. George Roy Hill)

Billboard’s number-one music albums (in chronological order)

1. “The Monkees” by The Monkees

2. “More of The Monkees” by The Monkees

3. “Sounds Like…” Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass

4. “Headquarters” by The Monkees

5. “Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band” by The Beatles

6. “Ode to Billie Joe” by Bobbie Gentry

7. “Diana Ross & the Supremes: Greatest Hits” by The Supremes

8. “Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn & Jones Ltd.” by The Monkees

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newstfionline · 4 years

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Sunday, January 3, 2021

States Are Shutting Down Prisons as Guards are Crippled By Covid-19 (NYT) Battered by a wave of coronavirus infections and deaths, local jails and state prison systems around the United States have resorted to a drastic strategy to keep the virus at bay: Shutting down completely and transferring their inmates elsewhere. State and local officials say that so many guards have fallen ill with the virus and are unable to work that abruptly closing some correctional facilities is the only way to maintain community security and prisoner safety. Experts say the fallout is easy to predict: The jails and prisons that stay open will probably become even more crowded, unsanitary and disease-ridden, and the transfers are likely to help the virus proliferate both inside and outside the walls. There have been more than 480,000 confirmed coronavirus infections and at least 2,100 deaths among inmates and guards in prisons, jails and detention centers across the nation, according to a New York Times database. Among those grim statistics are the nearly 100,000 correctional officers who have tested positive and 170 who have died.

Once a model, California now struggles to tame COVID-19 (AP) Ambulances waited hours for openings to offload coronavirus patients. Overflow patients were moved to hospital hallways and gift shops, even a cafeteria. Refrigerated trucks were on standby, ready to store the dead. For months, California did many of the right things to avoid a catastrophic surge from the pandemic. But by the time Gov. Gavin Newsom said on Dec. 15 that 5,000 body bags were being distributed, it was clear that the nation’s most populous state had entered a new phase of the COVID-19 crisis. Now infections have been racing out of control for weeks, and California remains at or near the top of the list of states with the most new cases per capita. It has routinely set new marks for infections and deaths. California’s woes have helped fuel the year-end U.S. infection spike and added urgency to the attempts to beat back the scourge that has killed more than 340,000 Americans.

D.C. is becoming a protest battleground (Washington Post) For years, West Coast cities have borne the brunt of violent confrontations between far-right extremists and counterprotesters who come to meet them. Brawls broke out in Berkeley, Calif. White-supremacist rallies in Sacramento ended in bloodshed. Violent clashes have become common in Portland, Ore., where gunfire broke out at demonstrations over the summer. Demonstrators in Olympia, Wash., recently fired weapons into a crowd, wounding at least one person. Up and down the western United States, protests have devolved into violent clashes replete with thrown rocks, exploding fireworks and streams of chemical irritants. But the nation’s capital—with its strict gun laws and history of orderly, peaceful protest—has largely avoided these violent conflicts. Until now. Experts warn that D.C. is on a path to become the next battleground in increasingly violent confrontations between right- and left-leaning demonstrators. During two weekends of pro-Trump demonstrations in November and December, violent melees spilled into the streets of downtown Washington. More confrontations are expected in January.

Gibraltar Gets Its Own Last-Minute Brexit Deal on Borders (NYT) The recent Brexit trade deal generated relief in Britain and the European Union, but some issues were left on the negotiating table—including what to do about Gibraltar, the British territory at the southern tip of Spain whose sovereignty has long been disputed by Madrid. On Thursday, the Spanish foreign minister, Arancha González Laya, announced a last-minute agreement with negotiators in Britain and Gibraltar that avoids the possibility of travelers and goods being stranded at the border. The draft agreement will allow passport-free travel between Gibraltar and Spain. As part of the deal, a European agency will monitor sea and air arrivals in Gibraltar. People arriving from Britain will need to go through passport control, as they do now. “We believe that we may now be able to reset our relationship with Spain and cast it in a more positive light,” Fabian Picardo, the leader of Gibraltar, told a separate news conference after the deal was struck. “We are going to avert the worst effects of a hard Brexit.”

China senior diplomat says U.S. relations at ‘new crossroads’ (Reuters) China’s relationship with the United States has reached a “new crossroads” and could get back on the right track following a period of “unprecedented difficulty”, senior diplomat Wang Yi said in official comments published on Saturday. Relations between the world’s two biggest economies have come under increasing strain amid a series of disputes over trade, human rights and the origins of COVID-19. In its latest move, the United States blacklisted dozens of Chinese companies it said had ties to the military. Wang, China’s state councillor and foreign minister, said in a joint interview with Xinhua news agency and other state media outlets that recent U.S. policies towards China had harmed the interests of both countries and brought huge dangers to the world. But there was now an opportunity for the two sides to “open a new window of hope” and begin a new round of dialogue, he said. The election of Joe Biden as U.S. President has been widely expected to improve relations between Washington and Beijing after four years of escalating tensions under the administration of Donald Trump.

Bangkok to close schools for two weeks as number of COVID-19 cases rise (Reuters) The Thai capital of Bangkok will close all schools for two weeks after the New Year holiday as it tightens measures to control a new wave of the coronavirus pandemic, the city said on Friday. All schools, daycare centres for the young and elderly, preschool and tutorial centres will be close from January 4 to 17 while other public facilities including amusement parks, playgrounds, public baths and massage parlours will be closed starting from Saturday, said Pongsakorn Kwanmuang, the spokesman for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. Pongsakorn also said the city is considering restrictions on eating-in at restaurants.

In Abrupt Reversal of Iran Strategy, Pentagon Orders Aircraft Carrier Home (NYT) The Pentagon has abruptly sent the aircraft carrier Nimitz home from the Middle East and Africa over the objections of top military advisers, marking a reversal of a weekslong muscle-flexing strategy aimed at deterring Iran from attacking American troops and diplomats in the Persian Gulf. Officials said on Friday that the acting defense secretary, Christopher C. Miller, had ordered the redeployment of the ship in part as a “de-escalatory” signal to Tehran to avoid stumbling into a crisis in President Trump’s waning days in office. American intelligence reports indicate that Iran and its proxies may be preparing a strike as early as this weekend to avenge the death of Maj. Gen. Qassim Suleimani, the commander of Iran’s elite Quds Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps. Senior Pentagon officials said that Mr. Miller assessed that dispatching the Nimitz now, before the first anniversary this Sunday of General Suleimani’s death in an American drone strike in Iraq, could remove what Iranian hard-liners see as a provocation that justifies their threats against American military targets. Some analysts said the return of the Nimitz to its home port of Bremerton, Wash., was a welcome reduction in tensions between the two countries.

Reginald Foster, Vatican Latinist Who Tweeted in the Language, Dies at 81 (NYT) Reginald Foster, a former plumber’s apprentice from Wisconsin who, in four decades as an official Latinist of the Vatican, dreamed in Latin, cursed in Latin, banked in Latin and ultimately tweeted in Latin, died on Christmas Day at a nursing home in Milwaukee. He was LXXXI. A Roman Catholic priest who was considered the foremost Latinist in Rome and, quite possibly, the world, Father Foster was attached to the Office of Latin Letters of the Vatican Secretariat of State from 1969 until his retirement in 2009. By virtue of his longevity and his almost preternatural facility with the language, he was by the end of his tenure the de facto head of that office, which comprises a team of half a dozen translators. If, having read this far, you are expecting a monastic ascetic, you will be blissfully disappointed. Father Foster was indeed a monk—a member of the Discalced Carmelite order—but he was a monk who looked like a stevedore, dressed like a janitor, swore like a sailor (usually in Latin) and spoke Latin with the riverine fluency of a Roman orator. He served four popes—Paul VI, John Paul I and II, and Benedict XVI—composing original documents in Latin, which remains the Vatican’s official language, and translating their speeches and other writings into Latin from a series of papal languages. (He was also fluent in Italian, German and Greek.)

A high school student needed help with tuition, so an unlikely group stepped up: Prison inmates (Washington Post) Shortly before Sy Newson Green’s sophomore year in high school, a family health crisis ate up the money that would have paid his tuition at the private Catholic school he’d been attending for a year. His father needed a heart transplant, his mother lost vision when a softball hit her eye—and both parents lost their jobs. Sy was thriving and happy at the all-boys Palma School, in Salinas, Calif., and the school could provide some scholarship help, but not enough to cover the $12,900 annual tuition. That’s when an unlikely group of people stepped up with the remainder of the tuition: inmates at the nearby Correctional Training Facility, also known as Soledad State Prison. Inmates pooled the money they earned bit by bit from doing prison jobs such as cleaning and clerking. They raised a total of $32,000 over about three years—a remarkable feat considering prisoners in California earn a base wage of 8 cents an hour for many of their daily jobs, such as mopping the floors. “I broke down and started crying because I knew where it was coming from,” said Sy’s father, Frank Green, about the donation.

#headlines #news

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