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A happier life for Henry VIII's children: Part 3.

Edward was the son of King Henry VIII of England and his third wife Jane Seymour. The birth of a healthy boy was a great miracle and joy not only for his father, but for the whole of England. Edward's childhood was happy, because he had his own mother with him, who with her gentle voice could calm and support him. But it did not last long, in 1547 the boy had to grow up sharply and take on his children's shoulders the responsibility for the whole country, because his father Henry VIII died. His older sister Mary, Queen of France, became regent until the little king came of age. Mary ruled in her brother's place for 8 years. In addition, Mary and Jane did not allow the latter's brothers to influence the young king. Edward and Thomas Seymour were angry about this and they even tried to remove Mary from power, but they failed. The Queen of France uncovered the plot and sent them both to the Tower for life. In 1557 Mary's regency ended and she returned to France, and Edward became the rightful ruler of his state. Two years earlier the king had become interested in Protestantism, and secretly from his mother and sister he began to study it. At a council, he told his lords that he wished all England to convert to this religion, and most of his advisors supported his idea. The Queen Dowager of England tried several times to dissuade her son, but he became angry and made it clear that he would not allow her to interfere in his affairs of state. Queen Mary of France also did not lag behind and tried to return her brother to Catholicism and her attempts were not successful. But there were also those who disagreed, and because of this there were riots and rebellions in the country, the rioters demanded that the king left his venture and returned to the true faith. However, the king was not deterred by their demands, Edward managed to quell the rebellions and to appease his subjects, he declared in public that he would be tolerant and let them believe what they wanted. And to reconcile Catholics and Protestants, Edward promised to marry a Catholic princess, but their children would be Protestants, and to marry his other older sister Elizabeth to a Protestant. In 1558, the princess married the eldest son of the King of Sweden and left England for good. The king himself married Mary Stuart a year later. The marriage between the King of England and the Scottish Queen was a very successful and cohesive one. Mary appointed her consort as her companion and they lived on two countries.

Jane of England(1560 - 1618). Duchess of Angoulême. In 1578 she married her cousin Charles. Their married life was not a happy one. After the birth of their last child, the couple finally drifted apart and stopped living together. Four children were born in the marriage.

Henry IX of England(1561 - 1611). King of England, Ireland and Scotland. In 1589 he became King of England, and in 1600 of Scotland. In 1605 he proclaimed himself king of Great Britain. He was married, but did not love his wife, during their marriage he never touched her. Also the king had a mistress who bore him 5 children out of wedlock: Mary, Edward, Elizabeth, Grace and James. Died at the age of 51 of bubonic plague.

James I of England(1563 - 1627). King of Great Britain. Inherited from his older brother, as the latter had no legitimate children. Also, unlike Henry, he loved his wife and never cheated on her. Husband of Elizabeth of Denmark, father of 11 children: Edward VII, Sophia, Charles, George, Isabella, Joan, Frederick, Barbara, Henrietta, Arabella and Robert.

Mary of England(1564 - 1590). Mary was given in marriage to her cousin at the age of 18. The marriage produced 4 children. In 1590, Mary contracted pneumonia and died on the anniversary of her father's death.

Elizabeth of England(1567 - 1570). In 1570, the princess caught cold, contracted pneumonia and died at the age of 3.

Margaret of England(1569 - 1624). She was married twice, but both her husbands died shortly after the marriage. After the death of her second husband, Margaret declared that she would never marry again. She founded a charitable foundation and helped anyone in need, she especially focused on helping women and children.

Edward of England(1572 - 1586). Duke of Somerset and Albany. From birth had poor health. Died at the age of 14 from smallpox.

Richard of England(1575 - 1655). Duke of Somerset and Albany. After the death of his brother in 1586 all his titles passed to him. The Prince was noted for his good health and poetic ability. During his lifetime he became a famous poet. In 1600 he married Elizabeth Howard, after the wedding Richard and Elizabeth removed from the court and began to live a happy and quiet family life. The marriage produced 7 children: Mary, William, Edward, Philip, Anne, Catherine, and Nicholas.

Jane Seymour loved her daughter-in-law as her own daughter, the dowager queen liked to spend time in the circle of her grandchildren. On her son, she had almost no influence, but the king loved his mother and because of respect sometimes listened to her advice. Jane died in 1565, and Edward was greatly grieved by her death. Mary, more than anyone else, understood how her brother felt and despite their differences on matters of religion, came to England to give him moral support. In the end, they finally reconciled. Edward VI was a king beloved by the nobility and the people. For most of his reign, he tried to try on Catholics and Protestants and prevent religious warfare within the country. On top of that, the king gave shelter and protection to Protestants who had fled religious persecution. Edward VI died of tuberculosis in 1589. He was buried in Westminster Abbey next to his parents and other family members. Eleven years later, his wife Mary Stuart was buried next to him.

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A happier life for Henry VIII's children. Part 2.

Elizabeth was the second daughter of King Henry VIII of England and his second wife Anne Boleyn. When the girl was 3 years old, the king annulled the marriage to her mother. Henry sent Anne to a convent and forbade Anne to communicate with her daughter, and soon afterward married Jane Seymour. She developed a close relationship with her stepmother, brother and sister. In 1547, her father died and Elizabeth was finally able to meet her mother. The meeting between mother and daughter after years of separation was very touching. When Anne saw Elizabeth, she could not believe that this beautiful girl was her daughter. First they cried for a long time in each other's arms, and then they sat up all night talking. They had a lot to say to each other. So their meetings became more and more frequent, and Edward allowed his father's second wife to stay with Elizabeth. In 1557 Edward VI began to look for worthy suitors from Protestant countries, for the hand of his sister, and his choice fell on the eldest son of the King of Sweden, Prince Eric. In the king's opinion, this marriage was to strengthen the sympathy of his subjects for him. In 1558, the princess became the wife of the heir to the Swedish crown, and 2 years later they became King and Queen of Sweden. It is said that at their first meeting the prince was so enchanted by her beauty that he lost the power of speech. Their married life was strong and passionate. For her husband Elizabeth became the most important confidante, with whom he discussed many problems. Six children were born in the marriage:

Gustav II of Sweden (1559 - 1605) Not interested in politics and never wanted to be king. Overthrown and killed by conspirators, including his own son Charles. Husband of Maria of Austria. Father of 4 children: Charles IX, Ludwig, Frederick, Elizabeth.

Anne of Sweden (1560 - 1634) Countess of East Friesland. At the age of 18 she married her cousin Enno III. The marriage was a happy one for both spouses. They became the parents of 9 children: Edzard III, Sabina, Agnes, Johann, Gustav, Rudolf, Christina, Sophia, Christian.

Magnus of Sweden(1561 - 1619) In 1582 he married his cousin Mary of England. They had 4 children: Nils, Katharina, Gunilla, Arnold. Magnus was widowed in 1590. And in 1592 he married his mistress Maria Oberg, but before that he received from his elder brother-king and his mother a permission to remarry. From his second wife he had 6 children: Magdalena, Sven, Hokon, Valdemar, Ingeborga, Svante.

Johan of Sweden(1565 - 1630) From childhood Johan was interested in navigation and discoveries. Therefore, he spent most of his life traveling, exploring lands not previously known. He was never married, however he recognized 3 children: Brita, Lars, Eric. And upon his death, he left each child a generous inheritance.

Cecily of Sweden(1567 - 1634) Macgravine of Baden-Rodemachern. In 1583 became the wife of Edward Fortunatus They became the parents of 5 children: Christoph III, Cecily, Elizabeth, Ottilia, Herman. In 1603, her husband died and Cecily was offered remarriage

Virginia of Sweden(1570 - 1606) Duchess of Holstein-Hottorp, wife of Johann Adolf. Virginia was older than her husband by 5 years, but despite this their marriage was happy. They had 7 children: Frederick III, Elisabeth, Conrad, Dorothea, Gedviga, Albrecht and Augusta. The Duchess died of childbirth fever a week after the birth of the last child. After the death of his wife, Johann lived the remaining 10 years until his death as a widower.

In 1568, the queen returned briefly to England for her mother's funeral. In 1577, King Eric XIV of Sweden died, and Elizabeth mourned her husband's death bitterly. But fortunately for Elizabeth, she had her children and grandchildren by her side, who became the meaning of her life. In addition, the Queen Dowager actively influenced the policies of her eldest son, King Gustav II. Gustav, weak-willed and indecisive, was not interested in ruling the state. In fact, the kingdom was ruled by Elizabeth, which did not please her daughter-in-law. Because of this, the two women often conflicted with each other. In March 1603, the Queen Dowager of Sweden died. She was buried in Uppsala Cathedral next to her husband. And 2 years later Gustav II was overthrown and killed. Her grandson Charles became the next king of Sweden.

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A happier life for Henry VIII's children. Part: 1.

Mary was the first surviving child of King Henry VIII of England from his first marriage to the Spanish princess Catherine of Aragon. The princess knew that she was not her parents' only child - all of her siblings died shortly after birth. The birth of a living and healthy child was a great happiness for King Henry and Queen Catherine, even though the child was a girl. That is why she became the king's favorite daughter. When she was 12 years old, her father decided to divorce her mother. Catherine did not resist the king's decision for a long time, but accepted the inevitable and agreed to the divorce with favorable terms. For this, the king, as promised, retained for Mary the status of princess and allowed the former spouse to communicate with his daughter. After the divorce for Mary little changed, she continued to grow up in the love of her father and mother, often visited both parents. The princess did not like her father's second wife, but did not show it. Anne Boleyn did not meet Henry's expectations, so he sent her to a convent under strict supervision. The king also wanted to declare Princess Elizabeth illegitimate, but Mary stood up for her sister and convinced her father not to do so. Soon the king married Jane Seymour, and a year after the wedding she gave him a long-awaited son, whom the happy father named Edward. In honor of this joyous event, Henry organized a grand feast that lasted for a whole week. In the same year, Princess Mary married Prince Henry, heir to the French throne. Before meeting his future wife, the dauphin had a love affair with Diana de Poitiers, but when he first saw his betrothed, he fell madly in love with her. Henry immediately severed all ties with Diana and was faithful to his wife until his death. The marriage of Mary and Henry turned out to be very happy. They had five children:

Francis II of France(1538 - 1604). Nicknamed "The Peacemaker" for the foreign policy calm during his reign. During his reign, France did not wage a single war. Husband of Helena of Austria, they had a good relationship. In marriage 7 children were born: Mary, Louis XIII, Anne, Henry, Christina, Philip, Gaston.

Claude of France(1541 - 1600). Queen of Spain. In 1556 she became the wife of Philip II. The spouses loved each other despite the big difference in age. They had 5 children: Philip III, Isabella, Joanna, Ferdinand, Diego.

Henry of France(1541 - 1589). Duke of Orleans. Was a favorite son for his mother, as from a young age showed a keen interest in religion. And when he became older he decided to devote his life to the service of God. He was not married and had no children.

Catherine of France(1544 - 1615). Archduchess of Austria. Favorite sister of Francis II. Was the second wife of Ferdinand II of Austria. The spouses did not love each other, but respected each other. In marriage 3 daughters were born: Anne, Mary, Eleanor. After the death of her husband returned to her homeland.

Charles of France(1546 - 1620). Duke of Angoulême. Because of his dissolute lifestyle he had conflicts with his mother. He married his cousin Jane, daughter of King Edward VI of England. The married life of Charles and Jane was not happy, because of his constant cheating. The marriage produced 4 children: Gedeon, Charlotte, Michelle and Cesar.

While in France, she did not forget about her family and maintained a close correspondence not only with her parents, but also with her second stepmother, because of the warm and close relationship between them. Before leaving, Mary and Jane had great difficulty convincing the king to bring Elizabeth to the palace so that she would not feel lonely. Henry initially had no paternal feelings for his second daughter, but was later able to develop a warmth for the girl. In 1540, Dauphine learned that her mother had died. She could not come to her funeral, as she was pregnant with her second child, but due to severe stress she had a miscarriage. Because of these events, the princess fell into depression, she did not leave her chambers and hardly ate anything. Her husband was with her all this time and provided as much support as possible, but when he realized that he could not cope, he invited Jane to help. She couldn't stay away and convinced Henry to let her go to Mary. After a few months, Mary recovered and all three returned to England. The king greeted his wife, daughter and son-in-law warmly. And the princess was finally able to honor her mother. She also spent time with her brother and sister because she missed them during the 6 years of absence. When Mary returned to France, she was already pregnant with her third child, and nine months later she gave birth to twins. Five years passed.During this time, Mary and Henry became king and queen of France and had two more children. They successfully ruled the kingdom. Shortly before his death, Henry 8 appointed his eldest daughter as regent under his young son. The queen excelled in her duties as regent and pursued a mild policy toward her subjects. When she realized that Edward was already capable of ruling on his own, she placed the power in his hands and returned to France. In 1559, King Henry of France fell from his horse while hunting and died. Mary mourned the death of her beloved husband for a long time and wore mourning for him for the rest of her life. She warmly remembered the 22 happy years they gave to each other and loved to tell her grandchildren about it. Mary often came to visit her brother, and the two developed a warm relationship. The dowager queen of France died in 1580. She was buried next to her husband Henry II in the Abbey of Saint-Denis.

Source:

Pinterest: Dinastia Tudor & Reyes Católicos, Bit_na

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A Better Life for Isabella of Aragon(1470 - 1523).

Isabella was the firstborn son of the Catholic kings Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. In 1490 she married Afonso, the heir to the Portuguese crown. The prince and princess fell in love with each other at first sight and the marriage should have been a happy one, but a year after the wedding Afonso fell off his horse and died.Isabella was heartbroken and mourned her spouse around the clock. She convinced herself that God was punishing her and even wanted to go to a convent to pray for the salvation of her husband's soul, as well as to pray for her sins, but the parents of the Infanta refused her request.In 1497, her brother Juan's wedding took place, and a few months after that Isabella also remarried.Her husband became King Manuel I of Portugal. The Infanta did not want to remarry, but Ferdinand and Isabella insisted on it. The girl did not love her second husband, and Manuel on the contrary, very much loved Isabella and for several years asked for her hand, but she constantly refused him. And when finally, they joined the bonds of marriage king was very happy and hoped that Isabella can still someday love him. A month after the wedding Isabella learned of the death of her brother and now she was heir to the Castilian crown. For the sake of his wife, the king appointed a regent in Portugal and moved with her to Castile. Manuel surrounded his wife with love and attention. After a while, Isabella stopped resisting and accepted his advances.In 1504 Isabella's mother died and she became Queen Isabella II of Castile. Manuel did not take the crown and the power of his wife, but on the contrary helped and gave her wise advice. The king began to live on two countries, after his wife ascended the throne. Isabella, unlike her mother, did not become a powerful queen, but in her reign in the kingdom was calm. After many years, the queen still managed to love Manuel. And after the king's death in 1521, she noticed that she missed him. Isabella died in 1523. In the last years of her life, she became very religious and practiced self-defense, as well as keeping fasts and refusing to eat. Because of this, she became sick often and died of cold complications. After the queen's death, the throne passed to her eldest son Miguel. Isabella and Manuel had five children.

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AU: Children Henry II and Catherine de Medici.

Франциск II(1544 - 1595).Король Франции. Муж Марии Стюарт. Первенец Генриха II и Екатерины Медичи. Имел слабый имуннитет. Внутренняя и внешняя политика Франциска II была не удачной из-за того, что на него оказывали огромное влияние властные мать и жена. Отец 6 детей: Екатерина, Людовик XIII, Тьерри, Жером, Мария, Бастьен.

Елизавета(1545 - 1610).Королева Англии. Жена Эдуарда VI. Брак короля и королевы был счастливым. Елизавета была доверенным лицом для своего мужа, с которым он обсуждал многие проблемы, включая важные политические вопросы. Елизавета пережила Эдуарда на 10 лет и до конца своих дней носила по нём траур. От Эдуарда у Елизаветы было 7 детей: Эдуард VII, Джейн, Елизавета, Генрих IX, Екатерина, Чарльз и Мария.

Клод(1547 - 1575).Герцогиня Лотарингская. Жена Карла III. Их брак был заключён как символически мирный союз между Францией и Лотарингией. Но не смотря на это, отношения между супругами были счастливые. В браке родилось 9 детей: Генрих II, Кристина, Карл, Антуанетта, Анна, Франсуа II, Екатерина, Елизавета и Клод.

Людовик(1549 - 1620).Герцог Орлеанский. Муж Софии Шведской. Брак Людовика и Софии был очень счастливым. В последние годы жизни София тяжело болела и Людовик сам лично ухаживал за своей женой. Герцог пережил супругу на 25 лет и даже после смерти Софии хранил ей верность. Отец 5 дочерей: Маргарита, Екатерина, Жозефина, Франциска и Женевьева.

Шарль(1550 - 1599).Герцог Ангулемский. Муж Елизаветы Австрийской. Отец 3 детей: Мария, Готье и Арман. Отношения между ними были прохладные, потому что Шарль предпочитал общество своей фаворитки. Любил охуту и развлечения.

Генрих(1551 - 1620).Герцог Анжуйский. Муж Марии Клевской(умерла при родах вместе с ребёнком) и Луизы Лотарингской. Мария Клевская была первой женой Генриха. Герцог горько оплакивал свою супругу и решил больше никогда не жениться, но мать и брат - король настояли на повторном браке. Вторую жену Генрих не любил, но относился к ней с теплотой и уважением. У Луизы и Генриха родилось 7 детей: Николя, Екатерина, Жанна, Антуан, Жерар, Луиза и Аврора.

Маргарита(1553 - 1615).Герцогиня де Гиз. Жена Генриха де Гиза. Супружеская жизнь Маргариты и Генриха была счастливой. С детства Маргарита отличалась независимым нравом и острым умом. Знала 5 иностранных языков и хорошо владела пером. В браке родилось 10 детей: Франсуа, Анна, Артуа, Эммануэль, Генрих, Марсель, Екатерина, Рената, Гийом и Жан.

Эркюль(1555 - 1611).Герцог Алансонский. Муж Екатерины де Бурбон. Несмотря на то, что их брак был династическим у супругов сложились хорошие отношения. Екатерина родила герцогу 4 детей: Жанна, Эркюль, Жак и Гастон.

Виктория(1556 - 1631).Королева Швеции. Жена Карла IX. Сестра - близнец Жанны. Виктория была очень образованной и дипломатичной женщиной. Брак короля и королевы был счастливым. Также Виктория сопровождала своего супруга в поездках в другие государства. Помимо этого, она вела тесную переписку не только со своими братьями и сёстрами, но и с родственниками мужа. В браке родилось 10 детей: Карл X, Маргарита, Катарина, Густав, Магнус, Эрик, Юхан, Кристина, Хедвига и Биргер.

Жанна(1556 - 1588).Королева Португалии. Жена Себастьяна I. Жанну описывали как нежную женщину, которая заслужила уважение своего мужа и португальского двора. Королева активно занималась благотворительностью: помогала сиротам и вдовам, а также позволяла беднякам получить медицинскую помощь. Умерла от продолжительной болезни. В семье Жанны и Себастьяна родилось 8 детей: Мануэль II, Хуана, Мигель, Карлуш, Афонсу, Тереза, Педру и Марианна.

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AU: Children Henry VIII and Jane Seymour.

Jane Seymour(1508 - 1560).Jane became the wife of the king in 1536, and a year later she gave birth to a long-awaited son. A few days after the birth the queen had a fever, everyone feared for the queen's life, but fortunately she recovered quickly. Unlike her predecessors, Jane did not have the political influence of the queen, but was kind and generous to the courtiers. The king and queen had four children. Jane outlived her husband by 13 years.

AU: Дети Генриха VIII и Джейн Сеймур.

Джейн Сеймур(1508 - 1560). Джейн стала женой короля в 1536 году, а через год она родила долгожданного сына. Через несколько дней после родов у королевы поднялась температура, все опасалась за жизнь королевы, но к счастью она быстро пошла на попра��ку. В отличие от своих предшественниц, Джейн не имела политического влияния королева, но зато была добра и щедрая к придворным. У короля и королевы было 4 детей. Джейн пережила мужа на 13 лет.

Эдуард VI(1537 - 1606).Король Англии. Муж Марии Стюарт. После восшествия на престол продолжил политику своего отца. Период его правления был эпохой расцвета английской культуры. Несмотря на то, что брак был династическим, супруги хорошо ладили, первые годы их брака были счастливыми. Однако, у Эдуарда были любовные связи на стороне, о чем Марии было известно. Мария стала популярной в народе, а также была любимой невесткой королевы. В браке родилось 5 детей: Роберт I, Эдуард, Джейн, Чарльз и Джеймс.

Джейн(1539 - 1570).Королева Дании. Жена Фредерика II. Получила имя в честь своей матери, так как очень была на неё похожа. Была любимой сестрой Эдуарда VI и будучи королевой активно вела переписку с братом. Не имела никакой политической власти. Супружеская короля и королевы жизнь была счастливой. Умерла при родах. Смерть жены стала для короля большим ударом. После её смерти он больше не женился и не имел любовниц. В браке родилось 7 детей: Доротея, Кристиан IV, Уильрик, Августа, Вальдемар, Кристина и Агнесса.

Марджери(1540 - 1604). Герцогиня Лотарингская. Жена Карла III. Марджери была скромной и набожной. Часто сопровождала Карла в его поездках. Герцогиня пользовалась большим политическим влиянием во время правления её сына. В браке родилось 3 детей: Франсуа II, Рената и Николя.

Джон(1541 - 1600). Герцог Йоркский. Муж Маргарет Говард. Младший сын короля Англии Генриха VIII и его жены Джейн Сеймур. Брак Джона и Маргарет был счастливым. Супруги большую часть времени проводили при дворе. Маргарет была лучшей подругой королевы Марии. У них было 4 детей: Гертруда, Эверетт, Теофил и Бриджитт.

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AU Stewart House: Children James IV and Margaret Tudor.

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AU House of Tudors: Children Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn.

Anne Boleyn(1501 - 1574). Henry and Anne met in 1525 at a festive banquet. The king fell in love with Anne and gave her signs of attention, but she refused him because she loved someone else. In 1528 Anne accepted Henry's advances and agreed to become his wife. Soon Anne fell in love with the king without noticing it. In 1533 they had a daughter, the king was not very happy about the birth of a girl, but hid it. A year later, the queen gave birth to the long-awaited heir. The marriage of Henry and Anne was a happy one. They had five children. Anne had a huge political influence not only on her husband, but also on her son. After Henry's death, she became regent under her 13 year old son. She died at a very old age.

AU дом Тюдоров: Дети Генриха VIII и Анны Болейн.

Анна Болейн(1501 - 1574). Генрих и Анна познакомились в 1525 году на праздничном банкете. Король влюбился в Анну и оказывал ей знаки внимания, но она отказывала ему так как любила другого. В 1528 Анна приняла ухаживания Генриха и согласилась стать его женой. Вскоре Анна влюбилась в короля сама этого не заметив. В 1533 у них родилась дочь, король не очень обрадовался рождению девочки, но скрывал это. А через год королева родила долгожданного наследника. Брак Генриха и Анны был счастливым. У них родилось 5 детей. Анна имела огромное политическое влияние не только на мужа, но и на своего сына. После смерти Генриха она стала регентом при 13 летнем сыне. Умерла в глубокой старости.

Елизавета(1533 - 1603). Королева Швеции. Жена Эрика XIV. Брак Елизаветы и Эрика был счастливым для обоих супругов. Королева имела огромное влияние не только на мужа, но ещё и на своих сыновей. Также она пользовалась большим уважением в других странах. Помимо этого, Елизавета занималась благотворительностью: она основала множество сиротских приютов, работных домов и школ для бедняков. Елизавета родила Эрику 8 детей: Эрик XV, Анна, Густав, Генрих, Виргиния, Арнольд, Каролина и Нильс.

Джордж I(1534 - 1599). Король Англии, Ирландии и Шотландии. Муж Марии Стюарт. Долгожданный и любимый сын Генриха VIII. Его образованием занимались лучшие люди Англии того времени. Стал первым монархом соединенного королевства Великобритании. Эпоха его правления стала периодом политического, научного, военного и культурного развития государства. Супружеская жизнь Джорджа и Марии была счастливой. В браке родилось 11 детей: Анна, Джордж II, Мария, Генрих, Джеймс, Маргарита, Артур, Сесилия, Елизавета, Руперт и Шарлотта.

Генрих(1535 - 1605). Герцог Йоркский. Муж Хуаны Австрийской. Принц отличался добродушным нравом и открытостью, что позволило ему стать популярной личностью не только при дворе, но и во всем королевстве. Брак Хуаны и Генриха был счастливым. У них родилось 7 детей: Карл, Изабелла, Анна, Джоана, Элис, Роберт и Энтони.

Томас(1536 - 1596). Герцог Сомерсет. Муж Елизаветы Французской. Герцог не обладал харизмой старших братьев. Предпочитал тихую и спокойную жизнь в дали от двора. Интересовался литературой, архетектурой и астрологией. Брачный союз Томаса и Елизаветы был удачным. У них родилось 5 детей: Гилфорд, Екатерина, Генрих, Эндрю и Жаклин.

Маргарита(1538 - 1610). Великая герцогиня Тосканская. Жена Франческо I Медичи. Их брак был многодетным и очень счастливым. Маргарита была главным советником своего мужа и принимала активное участие в делах государства. У герцога и герцогини было 10 детей: Козимо II, Элеонора, Анна, Ромола, Франческо, Марко, Лукреция, Джулия, Чезаре и Джулиано.

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AU House of Tudors: Children Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon.

Catherine of Aragon(1485 - 1543).In 1501 Catherine of Aragon became the wife of Prince Arthur, but he died half a year later. In 1509 she married Henry VIII. Their married life was happy despite the fact that Catherine was 6 years older than Henry. She also often took an active part in the affairs of state. The marriage produced 6 children. The death of Prince William undermined Catherine's health and because of this she began to have frequent heart aches. She died in 1543 of heart disease.

Elizabeth(1510 - 1582). Queen of Spain and Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. Wife of Charles V. The marriage of Elizabeth and Charles was happy. They had 5 children: Joana, Henry V, Catherine, Inigo and Alexandra. She outlived not only her husband but also her sons. In 1560, her eldest son died of illness, and her youngest died while still a child. And in the same year she became regent of Spain under her one-year-old granddaughter Isabella. Her regency was characterized by an era of prosperity and tranquility. Elizabeth, who was well educated, patronized the arts and sciences. Her court was visited by prominent humanists. Elizabeth had a rich library and could play several musical instruments. She loved to write and read books. 3 years before her death, she handed over the rule of the country into the hands of Isabella, and herself withdrew from public affairs and devoted herself to rest and reading.

Henry IX(1511 - 1581). King of England. Husband of 1)Renée of France and 2)Magdalene of Austria. In 1527 he married Louis XII's daughter Renée. Their married life was happy. But in 1542 she was gone. Renée died in childbirth while giving birth to her 8th child. Henry was inconsolable he fell into depression and 3 years mourned his wife. He did not marry a second time until 10 years after her death. During his reign, England became a strong sea power, and the economy grew 2-fold. Under Henry IX, peace and prosperity reigned in the kingdom. In addition, the king paid great attention to the cultural enlightenment of his state.

He became the father of 12 children: Henry X, Edward, Catherine, Anne, William, Jasper, Mary and Margaret - children from his first marriage.

Magdalen, Ferdinand, Arthur and George from his second.

William(1513 - 1536). Duke of York. Husband of Catherine Parr and father of 2 children: Maud and William. William and Catherine's married life was happy, but not long. Henry VIII was against this marriage, as he looked for another bride. But after much persuasion of his wife and son agreed. Soon Catherine and William learned that they would soon become parents. In April 1536, he fell ill with smallpox and died within days, and in May he became the father of a daughter and a son. After her husband's death, Catherine did not marry again. There were many suitors for her hand, but she refused them and said that her heart belonged only to one William.

Edmund(1514 - 1588). Duke of Somerset. Husband of Dorothea of Denmark, father of 6 children: William, Catherine, Henry, Mark, Isabella and Christian. Edmund was not in love with his wife. The first years of their marriage the couple lived amicably and were attached to each other, and when misunderstandings began between them, they were of a financial nature. The duke did not like the excessive spending of his wife. Because of frequent quarrels, they began to distance themselves from each other. And after the birth of the last child Edmund finally turned away from his wife. Edmund, like his older sister, was a patron of culture and art.

Mary(1516 - 1570). Queen of Scots. Wife of James V. She was the favorite daughter of Henry VIII. At first the Scots did not want to recognize Mary as their queen, but later she quickly won the trust of the people. She also enjoyed the trust of her husband, who often left her as regent during his absence. The spouses were an example of family life, the king was never seen for public adultery. The marriage produced 5 children: Margaret, James VI, David, Robert and Catherine.

Isabella(1518 - 1585). Queen of Poland. Wife of Sigismund II and mother of 8 children: Bona, Sigismund III, Casimir, Jadwiga, Wladyslaw, Jagailo, Catherine and Stanislaw. Isabella was famous for her beauty, distinguished by her intelligence and great energy. But there was no happiness in her life. Isabella's marriage was not a happy one. The queen unrequitedly loved her husband, but the king preferred to lead a dissolute lifestyle. The king's mother feared that Isabella would influence her son and turned Sigismund against her. The king and queen had 8 children, but only one boy survived. Isabella tried to exert political influence on her son, but her attempts were unsuccessful. Because of her disagreement with her son, she returned to her homeland.

AU Дом Тюдоров:Дети Генриха VIII и Екатерины Арагонской.

Екатерина Арагонская(1485 - 1543). В 1501 году Екатерина Арагонская стала женой принца Артура, но через пол года он умер. В 1509 она вышла замуж за Генриха VIII. Их супружеская жизнь была счастливой несмотря на то, что Екатерина была старше Генриха на 6 лет. Также она часто принимала активное участие в делах государства. В браке родилось 6 детей. Смерть принца Уильяма подкосило здоровье Екатерины и из-за этого у неё стало часто болеть сердце. Умерла в 1543 году от сердечной болезни.

Елизавета(1510 - 1582). Королева Испании и императрица Священной Римской империи. Жена Карла V. Брак Елизаветы и Карла был счастливым. У них родилось 5 детей: Хуана, Энрике V, Екатерина, Иниго и Алехандра. Пережила не только мужа, но и своих сыновей. В 1560 году от болезни умер ее старший сын, а младший умер ещё в детстве. И в этом же году она стала регентом Испании при своей годовалой внучке Изабелле. Её регенство характерезуится эпохой процветания и спокойствия. Елизавета, получившая хорошее образование покровительствовала искусствам и наукам. Её двор посещали выдающиеся гуманисты. У Елизаветы была богатая библиотека, а также она умела играть на нескольких музыкальных инструментах. Любила писать и читать книги. За 3 года до своей смерти вручила правление страной в руки Изабелле, а сама отошла от государственных дел и посвятила себя отдыху и чтению.

Генрих IX(1511 - 1578). Король Англии. Муж 1)Рене Французской и 2)Магдалины Австрийской. В 1527 году женился на дочери Людовика XII Рене. Их супружеская жизнь была счастливой. Но 1542 году её не стало. Рене умерла при родах, рожая 8 ребёнка. Генрих был безутешен он впал в депрессию и 3 года оплакивал жену. Женился во второй раз только через 10 лет после её смерти. В период его правления Англия стала сильной морской державой, а также в 2 раза увеличился рост экономики. При Генрихе IX в королевстве царил мир и процветание. Кроме этого, король уделял большое внимание культурному просвещению своего государства.

Стал отцом 12 детей: Генрих X, Эдуард, Екатерина, Анна, Уильям, Джаспер, Мария и Маргарита - дети от первого брака.

Магдалена, Фердинанд, Артур и Джордж - от второго.

Уильям(1513 - 1536). Герцог Йоркский. Муж Екатерины Парр и отец 2 детей: Мод и Уильям. Супружеская жизнь Уильяма и Екатерины был счастливой, но не долгой. Генрих VIII был против этого брака, так как подыскал ему другую невесту. Но после долгих уговоров жены и сына согласился. Вскоре Екатерина и Уильям узнали, что скоро станут родителями. В апреле 1536 года он заболел оспой и умер в течение нескольких дней, а в мае стал отцом дочери и сына. После смерти мужа Екатерина больше замуж не вышла. Было много претендентов на её руку, но она им отказывала и говорила, что её сердце принадлежит лишь одному Уияльму.

Эдмунд(1514 - 1588). Герцог Сомерсет. Муж Доротеи Датской, отец 6 детей: Уильям, Екатерина, Генрих, Марк, Изабелла и Кристиан. Эдмунд не был влюблен в свою жену. Первые годы брака супруги жили дружно и были привязаны друг к другу, а когда между ними начались недоразумения, то они носили финансовый характер. Герцогу не нравились чрезмерные расходы жены. Из-за частых ссор они стали отдаляться друг от друга. А после рождения последнего ребёнка Эдмунд окончательно отвернулся от жены. Эдмунд, как и его старшая сестра был покровителем культуры и искусства.

Мария(1516 - 1570). Королева Шотландии. Жена Якова V. Б��ла любимой дочерью Генриха VIII. Поначалу шотландцы не хотели признавать Марию своей королевой, но позже она быстро завоевала доверие народа. Также она пользовалась доверием своего мужа, который часто оставлял её регентом на время своего отсутствия. Супруги были примером семейной жизни, король ни разу не был замечен за публичным изменами. В браке родилось 5 детей: Маргарита, Яков VI, Давид, Роберт и Екатерина.

Изабелла(1518 - 1585). Королева Польши. Жена Сигизмунда II и мать 8 детей: Бона, Сигизмунд III, Казимир, Ядвига, Владислав, Ягайло, Екатерина и Станислав. Изабелла славилась своей красотой, отличалась умом и большой энергией. Но счастья в её жизни не было. Брак Изабеллы был не счастливым. Королева безответно любила своего мужа, но король предпочитал вести разгульный образ жизни. Мать короля опасалась того, что Изабелла будет оказывать влияние на сына и настраивала Сигизмунда против неё. У короля и королевы было 8 детей, но выжил лишь один мальчик. Изабелла пыталась оказывать политическое влияние на своего сына, но её попытки остались без успешны. Из за разногласий с сыном она вернулась на Родину.

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Russian queens and empresses since 1261.

Part 3.

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AU: Valois House. Children Francis I and Claude Valois.

Madeleine(1520 - 1583). Queen of Scots. Wife of James V and mother of 9 children: Kenneth IV, Duncan III, Mary, Malcolm, Margaret, Donald, Francis, Claude and Annabel. Madeleine and Jacob's marriage, was a happy one. Was very devout, patronized the church and helped the poor.

Charles(1522 - 1597). Duke of Angouleme. Husband of Anne of Austria. The married life of Anne and Charles was not happy. In marriage 5 children were born: Francis, Etienne, Gerard, Claude and Anne. In 1545 he took part in hostilities against the English and contracted the plague in a military camp, the king feared for the life of his son, but soon the Duke went on the mend. Charles was an ardent lover of literature. His personal library was considered the largest in Europe.

Margaret(1523 - 1593). Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. Wife of Maximilian II and mother of 7 children: Anne, Helena, Franz I, Mary, Matthias, Wenzel and Barbara. Margaret and Maximilian had a happy marriage. She was charitable, and because of this she won the love of her subjects. She was considered the most educated woman of her time

AU: дом Валуа. Дети Франциска I и Клод Валуа.

Мадлен(1520 - 1583). Королева Шотландии. Жена Якова V и мать 9 детей: Кеннет IV, Дункан III, Мария, Малькольм, Маргарита, Дональд, Фрэнсис, Клод и Аннабель. Брак Мадлен и Якова был счастливым. Была очень набожной, покровительствовала церкви и помогала бедным.

Карл(1522 - 1597). Герцог Ангулемский. Муж Анны Австрийской. Супружеская жизнь Анны и Карла была не счастливой. В браке родилось 5 детей: Франциск, Этьен, Жерар, Клод и Анна. В 1545 году принимал участие в боевых действиях против англичан и заразился чумой в военном лагере, кароль опасался за жизнь своего сына, но вскоре герцог пошёл на поправку. Карл был ярым любителем литературы. Его личная библиотека считалась самой большой в Европе.

Маргарита(1523 - 1593). Императрица Священной римской империи. Жена Максимилиана II и мать 7 детей: Анна, Хелена, Франц I, Мария, Маттиас, Венцель и Барбара. У Маргариты и Максимилиана был счастливый брак. Была милосердной, благодаря этому и завоевала любовь подданных. Считалась самой образованной женщиной своего времени.

Part 2.

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AU: Valois House. Children Francis I and Claude Valois.

Luisa(1515 - 1576). Queen of Spain and Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. Wife of Charles V. Despite the fact that the age difference between the spouses was 16 years, they loved each other. Charles treated his young wife with tenderness. She was interested in music, dancing and writing. Luisa and Charles had 7 children: John III, Claude, Philip, Ramiro, Ferdinand, Joana, Charles.

Charlotte(1516 - 1570). Queen of Portugal. Wife of Juan III and mother of 6 children: José I, Manuel, Isabella, Sancho, Aldegunda, Mary. Charlotte devoted much time to the education of her children and the enlightenment of the Portuguese court. She was the favorite sister of Francis II and maintained a close relationship with his wife.

Francis II(1518 - 1590). King of France. Husband of Mary Tudor. Francis loved his wife. Unlike his father and brothers, he never had mistresses or children out of wedlock. The reign of Francis II was an era of prosperity and rise. Father of 8 children: Claude, Francis III, Catherine, Charlotte, Tristan, Raoul, Adele, Henry.

Henry(1519 - 1587). Duke of Orleans. Husband of Catherine de Medici and father of 10 children: Francis, Elizabeth, Claude, Louis, Charles, Henry, Margaret, Hercule, Victoria and Jeanne. All his life loved only his mistress Diana de Poitiers, even wanted to marry her, but because of pressure from his father did not do it.

AU: дом Валуа. Дети Франциска I и Клод Валуа.

Луиза(1515 - 1576). Королева Испании и императрица Священной римской империи. Жена Карла V. Несмотря на то, что разница в возрасте между супругами была 16 лет, они любили друг друга. Карл с нежностью относился к молодой жене. Интересовалась музыкой, танцами и писательством. У Луизы и Карла родилось 7 детей: Хуан III, Клод, Филипп, Рамиро, Фердинанд, Хуана, Карл.

Шарлотта(1516 - 1570). Королева Португалии. Жена Жуана III и мать 6 детей: Жозе I, Мануэль, Изабелла, Саншу, Альдегунда, Мария. Шарлотта уделяла много времени образованию своих детей и просвящению Португальского двора. Была любимой сестрой Франциска II и поддерживала близкие отношения с его женой.

Франциск II(1518 - 1590). Король Франции. Муж Марии Тюдор. Франциск любил свою жену. В отличие от отца и братьев у него никогда не было любовниц и внебрачных детей. Правление Франциска II было эпохой процветания и подъёма. Отец 8 детей: Клод, Франциск III, Екатерина, Шарлотта, Тристан, Рауль, Адель, Генрих.

Генрих(1519 - 1587). Герцог Орлеанский. Муж Екатерины Медичи и отец 10 детей: Франциск, Елизавета, Клод, Людовик, Карл, Генрих, Маргарита, Эркюль, Виктория и Жанна. Всю жизнь любил только свою любовницу Диану де Пуатье, даже хотел на ней жениться, но из-за давления отца не стал этого делать.

Part 1.

[alternatehistoryworlds]

Russian queens and empresses since 1261.

Part 2.