Professor Phil Patton's Fall 2011 Typologies class blog
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Fun Fact
Total funding amounts to $125.3M.
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Thank You plastic bags -
The plastic shopping bag we know today was invented in the early 60s in Sweden by engineer Sten Gustaf Thulin, who worked for Celloplast. The design was patented worldwide in 1965.
In 1977, the US patent was overturned by Mobil, and the Dixie Bag Company of College Park (outside Atlanta), along with several other companies across the US, began to market and manufacture the bags to stores. Kroger replaced its paper bags with plastic in 1982, and other grocery chains soon followed.
Today the bags are ubiquitous, and if not printed with a specific store's brand, often carry the "Thank You" phrasing and its variants - three thank yous in various typefaces, rows of THANK YOU in all caps followed by "Have A Nice Day!", as well as the phrase "Thank You For Shopping Here!"
Due to the backlash against plastic bags, reusable totes have been produced that adopt the language and type of their plastic counterparts, as seen in the two examples above.
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Dictated by various languages, book selections, and printing technology the Bible exemplifies a rich evolution in print design. Also the best selling book of all time, there are millions of copies all over the world.
Ancient scribes copied these books by hand with ornate penmanship and artistry. These Bibles include gold leaf illustrations, beautiful drop caps, and also have notes sprinkled in the margins with corrections. Gutenberg's bible (as seen above) includes a similar text layout, but of course was printed. Today the text layout of the Bible still includes the margins, readers notetake in these margins as the scribes once did.
In greek βιβλίον literally translates to "paper" or "scroll." An interesting development of the Bible includes the choice of paper. Parchment and other heavy weight papers were used until the mid 20th century. Now bibles are printed on a very light vellum paper, pages are translucent and ink easily bleeds between pages.
In December 2010 USA Today reported that Zondervan, a major bible publisher released their newest translation of the NIV Bible digitally first, with the printed version expected in March 2010. How these visual cues and design decisions in the print design of the Bible translates digitally will be interesting to follow.
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NYS has required choking posters be displayed "prominently" in every bar and restaurant in the city since the 1970's, but beyond communicating some basic first-aid info, the state doesn't stipulate many details. I've noticed numerous creative-type responses in Brooklyn, over time, and wish I had thought to photograph them all. The most recent example is from the Farm on Adderly, on Cortelyou Road, a lovely lavender painting, which unfortunately isn't so wonderfully illustrated here, as a result of the evil glare I got from the woman sitting underneath the poster, on trying to tighten up the shot. On Graham Street in Williamsburg, the bar Ssweet Ups commissioned some lucky Hunter MFA to paint a near-exact replica of the basic issue poster--hard to see here, too, but look for it, if you go. Various graphic designers have tried to smarten up the basic Board of Health design over the years, and a contest for Parsons students in 1997 yielded the primary-colored Constructivist-inflected "fish-bone" model you still see in restaurants all over New York. There was even an indy movie which took the design for its title and poster: Choking Man, 2006. ("The social anxiety of a morbidly shy Ecuadorian dishwasher working in a Queens diner provides the psychological engine that powers this blend of drama and magical realism.") There's some humor in it, too, so long as you didn't lose your Auntie Hilda to an errant Lemon Drop--see the Choking First Aid for Dogs poster, last image.
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The term "robot" made its debut in the 1921 Czech play, R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), in which a factory produces artificial humans known as robots, creatures often mistaken for real people. But the idea of the "thinking machine" can be traced all the way back to ancient Greece with the myth of Talos of Crete, a bronze robot.
The 'bots we're most familiar with today are anamatronic dolls and pets, as well as domestic robots like the Roomba. These products, marketed as potential "friends," are in fact AI-driven machines, guided by computer and electronic programming. They're able to handle a variety of AI specs, including navigation, localization, voice recognition, beat detection, human-robot interaction, and haptic recognition and response. Pretty nifty.
What's startling about these objects (and ourselves) however, is more often than not they're winning over our companionship (yes, even the sweet-beeping Roomba). Substantial evidence exists on the developing attachments between owners and their intelligent critters. This odd bond is due in part to smarter, faster technology rendering next-to-seamless results, and also because robots require such little responsibility. It never makes a mess, its desired behavior/feedback remains consistent, and when the fun needs to end, all you do is hit the "OFF" button.
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