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Kidney stone: sign and symptoms, Causes and Prevent

A small, hard deposit that forms in the kidneys and is often painful when passed. Kidney stones are hard deposits of minerals and acid salts that stick together in concentrated urine. They can be painful when passing through the urinary tract, but usually don't cause permanent damage.

Signs and symptoms Of Kidney Stones

Pain in the back, belly, or side.

Pain or burning during urination.

Urgent need to go.

Blood in the urine.

Cloudy or smelly urine.

Going a small amount at a time.

Nausea and vomiting.

Fever and chills.

Causes Of kidney stone

You have had kidney stones before.

Someone in your family has had kidney stones.

You don’t drink enough water.

You follow a diet high in protein, sodium and/or sugar.

You are overweight or obese.

You have had gastric bypass surgery or another intestinal surgery.

You have polycystic kidney disease or another cystic kidney disease.

You have a certain condition that causes your urine to contain high levels of cystine, oxalate, uric acid or calcium.

You have a condition that causes swelling or irritation in your bowel or your joints.

You take certain medicines, such as diuretics (water pills) or calcium-based antacids.

Prevent Kidney stone

Drink plenty of water: Drinking extra water dilutes the substances in urine that lead to stones. Strive to drink enough fluids to pass 2 liters of urine a day, which is roughly eight standard 8-ounce cups. It may help to include some citrus beverages, like lemonade and orange juice. The citrate in these beverages helps block stone formation.

Get the calcium you need: Getting too little calcium in your diet can cause oxalate levels to rise and cause kidney stones. To prevent this, make sure to take in an amount of calcium appropriate to your age. Ideally, obtain calcium from foods, since some studies have linked taking calcium supplements to kidney stones. Men 50 and older should get 1,000 milligrams (mg) of calcium per day, along with 800 to 1,000 international units (IU) of vitamin D to help the body absorb the calcium.

Reduce sodium: A high-sodium diet can trigger kidney stones because it increases the amount of calcium in your urine. So a low-sodium diet is recommended for the stone prone. Current guidelines suggest limiting total daily sodium intake to 2,300 mg. If sodium has contributed to kidney stones in the past, try to reduce your daily intake to 1,500 mg. This will also be good for your blood pressure and heart.

Limit animal protein: Eating too much animal protein, such as red meat, poultry, eggs, and seafood, boosts the level of uric acid and could lead to kidney stones. A high-protein diet also reduces levels of citrate, the chemical in urine that helps prevent stones from forming. If you’re prone to stones, limit your daily meat intake to a quantity that is no bigger than a pack of playing cards. This is also a heart-healthy portion

Avoid stone-forming foods: Beets, chocolate, spinach, rhubarb, tea, and most nuts are rich in oxalate, and colas are rich in phosphate, both of which can contribute to kidney stones. If you suffer from stones, your doctor may advise you to avoid these foods or to consume them in smaller amounts.

For more details contact Dr.Siddhesh Dhaygude, who is the best Nephrologist in Pimpri Chinchwad. We provides best treatment kidney disease at good cost and he is specialist in kidney specialist.

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Proper Kidney-diet

Healthy Foods for People with Kidney Disease

Red bell peppers

Cabbage

Cauliflower

Garlic

Onions

Apples

Cranberries

Blueberries

Raspberries

Strawberries

Cherries

Red grapes

Egg whites

Fish

Olive oil

Avoid If You Have Bad Kidneys:

Dark-Colored Colas

Avocados

Canned Foods: Canned foods, such as soups, vegetables and beans, are often purchased because of their low cost and convenience.

Whole-Wheat Bread

Brown Rice

Bananas

Dairy

Oranges and Orange Juice

Processed Meats

Pickles, Olives and Relish

Apricots

Potatoes and Sweet Potatoes

Tomatoes

Packaged, Instant and Pre-Made Meals

Swiss Chard, Spinach and Beet Greens

Dates, Raisins and Prunes

Pretzels, Chips and Crackers

If you have kidney disease, reducing your potassium, phosphorus and sodium intake can be an important aspect of managing the disease.

Symptoms of kidney disease

You're more tired, have less energy or are having trouble concentrating.

                  A severe decrease in kidney function can lead to a buildup of toxins and impurities in the blood. This can cause people to feel tired, weak and can make it hard to concentrate. Another complication of kidney disease is anemia, which can cause weakness and fatigue.

You're having trouble sleeping.

                  When the kidneys aren't filtering properly, toxins stay in the blood rather than leaving the body through the urine. This can make it difficult to sleep. There is also a link between obesity and chronic kidney disease, and sleep apnea is more common in those with chronic kidney disease, compared with the general population.

You have dry and itchy skin.

                  Healthy kidneys do many important jobs. They remove wastes and extra fluid from your body, help make red blood cells, help keep bones strong and work to maintain the right amount of minerals in your blood. Dry and itchy skin can be a sign of the mineral and bone disease that often accompanies advanced kidney disease, when the kidneys are no longer able to keep the right balance of minerals and nutrients in your blood.

You feel the need to urinate more often.

                  If you feel the need to urinate more often, especially at night, this can be a sign of kidney disease. When the kidneys filters are damaged, it can cause an increase in the urge to urinate. Sometimes this can also be a sign of a urinary infection or enlarged prostate in men.

You see blood in your urine.

                  Healthy kidneys typically keep the blood cells in the body when filtering wastes from the blood to create urine, but when the kidney's filters have been damaged, these blood cells can start to "leak" out into the urine. In addition to signaling kidney disease, blood in the urine can be indicative of tumors, kidney stones or an infection.

Your urine is foamy.

                  Excessive bubbles in the urine – especially those that require you to flush several times before they go away—indicate protein in the urine. This foam may look like the foam you see when scrambling eggs, as the common protein found in urine, albumin, is the same protein that is found in eggs.

You're experiencing persistent puffiness around your eyes.

                  Protein in the urine is an early sign that the kidneys’ filters have been damaged, allowing protein to leak into the urine. This puffiness around your eyes can be due to the fact that your kidneys are leaking a large amount of protein in the urine, rather than keeping it in the body.

Your ankles and feet are swollen.

                  Decreased kidney function can lead to sodium retention, causing swelling in your feet and ankles. Swelling in the lower extremities can also be a sign of heart disease, liver disease and chronic leg vein problems.

You have a poor appetite.

                  This is a very general symptom, but a buildup of toxins resulting from reduced kidney function can be one of the causes.

Your muscles are cramping.

                  Electrolyte imbalances can result from impaired kidney function. For example, low calcium levels and poorly controlled phosphorus may contribute to muscle cramping.

For more details contact Dr. Siddhesh Dhaygude , who is a Nephrologist/Renal Specialist and Kidney and Transplantation Specialist in Nigdi, Pune