laineydelainey

[laineydelainey]

Cassandra Cain and the use of ASL in this Fandom

Let's talk about Cassandra Cain and how this fandom constantly portrays her as using American Sign Language (ASL) as her primary form of communication. It is an inherently disrespectful and ableist portrayal, both of ASL as a language (and all sign languages in general) and Cass' actual disability. Additionally, as I will argue at the end of this essay (once we get through the explanation on the disrespectfulness) , I believe ASL would actually be HARDER for her to learn than English specifically because of the exact body language that many members of the fandom refer to when saying Cass should use ASL.

First off, before we begin, my qualifications to be discussing this topic: I'm Deaf. ASL is one of my two first languages (the other being English) and I regularly communicate in it with my family, my deaf/HOH friends, and people around me. I’m also the leader of an ASL interest group at my university and through it have been teaching other students on campus basic ASL for the past 3 years. I have also read a significant number of Cass' important appearances, including her first appearances in No Man's Land, all of Batgirl (2000) and the current Batgirl (2024) ongoing. I unfortunately have not read Batgirls (2022-23) yet, and I've been avoiding most of the New52 due to just not liking the majority of that era in general. That era in general though is really OOC, so most of its characterization choices shouldn’t be trusted anyway.

Let's get into this.

Part 1: Brief Info on ASL

So, in order to understand this argument, there's some things you need to understand about ASL itself just to get us all on an even playing field for this essay. If you already know a ton about ASL, feel free to skip this section.

Let's clarify what exactly ASL is first. "American Sign Language (ASL) is a visual language. With signing, the brain processes linguistic information through the eyes. The shape, placement, and movement of the hands, as well as facial expressions and body movements, all play important parts in conveying information." (National Association of the Deaf, NAD) This is the primary language of the Deaf community in the United States of America, and some parts of Canada, but not worldwide. Every region and Deaf community has its own sign language, from British Sign Language (BSL) and Chinese Sign Language (CSL/ZGS) which are huge sign languages used by massive Deaf communities in their respective regions, to the sign languages developed by individual villages and local communities such as Bouakako Sign Language or Kaʼapor Sign Language which are both localized to individual villages with a fairly high rate of Deaf people being born. So ASL is very far from universal.

ASL (along with the rest of these sign languages, but from here on out I'll refer solely to ASL), is also a full visual language. It has it's own sentence structure, grammar, transcription methods, rules, everything. It incorporates both manual components (specific shapes and movements made with your hands that are called signs) and nonmanual markers (facial expressions, head positions, posture, shoulder raising, and so on) that are regulated by the grammatical rules of the language and MUST be followed for things to make sense. For example, the signs HERE and NOT-HERE have the exact same hand shape and movement, but are differentiated between based on the movement of the head. When signing NOT-HERE, you shake your head. Similarly, LATE and NOT-YET have the same handshape again, but are differentiated between via your mouth. Properly signing NOT-YET includes slightly opening your mouth and touching your bottom lip with your tongue. This is a nonmanual marker that indicates the difference between the two. All of these are ESSENTIAL to properly understanding the language.

Additionally, ASL also has its own grammar, just like every language. Grammar just generally means the set of rules for using a language (so including the manual and nonmanual markers I just explained). What I’d like to concentrate on here is sentence structure.

If you’ve ever taken a very basic ASL course, you might have had a teacher tell you that all ASL is done in object-subject-verb (OSV) format. This is where the widespread idea of STORE-I-GO comes from. But that’s wrong. Most ASL is in subject-verb-object (SVO). I’m not going to get into all of the details on OSV vs SVO and the intricacies behind when you use one vs the other, and the difference between the actual overarching sentence structure of ASL, topic-comment, vs another structure that’s sometimes used, topicalization. If you’d like to dive into that, you can start a bit with this webpage, put together as part of the online ASL University run by Bill Vicars, a well-respected Deaf ASL instructor and content creator.

What I do what you to understand and focus on is the fact that there are rules behind when you use SVO vs OSV, and topic-comment vs topicalization. For example, SVO is used for the active voice while OSV is the passive voice (this is topic-comment). These are grammar rules, just like any other language has. Ignoring them is just like completely switching around the order of words in any English sentence. It would be ridiculous and seem like nonsense.

Finally, before we get into Cass herself, let’s discuss body language in ASL. This ties directly into my previously mentioned nonmanual markers and grammatical rules. Those nonmanual markers are governed by grammatical rules as well, and are a KEY part of ASL. They HAVE to be followed. There are two examples of this that I’d like to focus on: questions and spatial referencing.

For questions, there's two strict rules. Yes/No questions (Can I take this? Do you know where Tom is? etc) must be accompanied by raised eyebrows. A raised eyebrow indicates that this question can be answered with just yes or no. Wh- questions (Where are you? Why did you do that? What's that? etc) must have the eyebrows furrowed. These are examples of the nonmanual markers I mentioned before, and REQUIRED.

Spatial referencing is when you establish something to refer to in space. Here's a video explaining it a bit more in detail, but essentially, if I know I'll be referring back to a person or a place often when I'm having a conversation, I can metaphorically place them at a location withing my signing space and point back to that location whenever I mention them. That way, I don't have to fingerspell their name, use their signname, or however I would refer to them over and over again. For example, if I'm discussing my friend Ryan, I can fingerspell his name, point just to my left, and establish him there. Then, whenever I need to mention Ryan again in that conversation, I can point back to that location and avoid the lengthy fingerspelling process.

Alright, so those are some basics on ASL and a few specific ideas I'll be referring back to later. Let's get into Cass herself now.

Part 2: Cassandra Cain and her Disability

Cass was raised by her father, David Cain, in total isolation from any form of language, including written and signed. She was also abused and brutally trained by him in order to become the best assassin in the world. Because of these factors, her first language was body language. Cass essentially reads a person's unconscious movements and interprets them into an understanding of what they're going to do.

(Batgirl 2000, #1)

There's not a direct way to translate or truly understand this process though. It's not like she sees a movement and thinks they're going to kick me (at least not before the magic language meta touch, which if you haven't read Batgirl 2000 I'll explain in a minute). She just knows and can react.

(Batgirl 2000, #7)

The important thing to note about this is that she's reading a person's unconscious movements, the things they don't think about or instinctively do. This ranges from things as simple as my tendency to tilt my head slightly when I'm thinking hard, to Batman straightening his spine minutely as he makes the decision to attack someone. These are unconscious movements.

What's also important to mention is that the way Cass grew up physically changed her brain. Her brain is literally structured differently than the average human brain. This is what her disability is: a difficulty learning languages due to an actual physical difference in how her brain is set up. Her language centers are scattered across her brain, rather than concentrated like usual. This is a direct result of her growing up without any language other than body language, which doesn't have any form of direct translation.

(Batgirl 2000, #67)

In fact, this disconnect between Cass' brain and language is so severe that her learning English in the first place requires a deus ex machina. In Batgirl (2000) #4, Cass rescues a telepathic metahuman from being captured and taken back to the lab that experimented on him and gave him telepathic abilities in the first place. After she does this, he tries to thank her, only to realize she can't understand him. So he literally touches her forehead and restructures her entire brain, giving her an innate understanding of English.

(Batgirl 2000, #4)

Now, Cass can understand and process English. She knows what various English words mean. However, she still can't speak it, and learning how to do more than say a single word at a time, and how to form proper sentence structure is an arc that takes up the entire rest of the Batgirl 2000 ongoing.

(Batgirl 2000, #5)

However, as Cass soon realizes, this transformation comes with a cost. She can no longer understand people's body language. Her understanding of English is physically preventing her brain from working how it did before, to process body language.

(Batgirl 2000, #5)

Cass is willing to give up this new understanding of English to go back to how she used to be before. But, when she finds the telepath again and confronts him, he can't undo what he's done.

(Batgirl 2000, #5)

This does lead to Cass finding Lady Shiva and bargaining with her to be taught how to read body language again, in exchange for dueling to the death with her in a year. That's where the "mediocre for a lifetime, or perfect for a year?" panel comes from. But the details of that aren't super important to our discussion, just know that Cass does relearn the body language reading, just to a slightly lesser degree of proficiency than before.

The important thing to get from this is that Cass' brain is fundamentally structured so differently from most brains that her even beginning to learn English, her physically having the ability to start understanding any language, requires a full on deus ex machina from the writers. She couldn't have learned any language otherwise, and she still has to struggle through learning to speak, then eventually read and write. Even by close to the end of Batgirl (2000), she still hasn't learned to read or write.

(Batgirl 2000, #54)

So Cass' disability isn't as simple as "didn't learn a language other than body language and now needs to learn." She straight up struggles to comprehend things like the concept of grammar, sentence structure, and even that there are meanings behind specific collections of letters without a fulll on deus ex machina. Her brain is physically built differently.

Alright, now let's talk about Cass and ASL together.

Part 3: Cass and ASL

Okay, now onto the real topic of this whole thing. Should Cass learn ASL before English, and would it be easier for her?

Simple answer: No.

As I mentioned before, ASL wouldn't be any easier than English for her, and saying that disrespects both ASL and Cass' own disability. When people tend to write Cass using ASL instead of English, or having learned ASL before learning English, the primary reason given is that ASL is just "easier" for her to learn.

There's two main issues with this: grammar rules, and body language.

As I've mentioned and explained some of the basics of previously, ASL is a full language. This means it has its own grammar, sentence structure, rules, everything. As I also previously explained, Cass' brain is literally built different. She struggles to understand even basics concepts of grammar rules and how a language works, because she's never been exposed to anything like that. Saying that ASL would be an easier language for her to learn than English is just as problematic and harmful as saying any other spoken language, such as Spanish, Russian, Japanese, Mandarin (we'll ignore the incredibly racist writing of One Year Later right now), or any others would be easier for her to learn. It fundamentally ignores that every language has its own complexities and difficulties with grammar rules. It also ignores that Cass's difficulty lies primarily not with speaking, but with understanding how to convey things in a proper format and structure. Any language, spoken, signed, and written, will all have those same difficulties. Saying that one language is easier than the others for Cass to learn, despite her struggles lying with the concept of language and its rules in general and is disrespectful of that language, implies that it isn't a "real" language (which ASL and other sign languages, in particular, have a very long history with. ASL wasn't actually recognized as a language until the 60s).

But, aside from the grammar issues, let's tackle the main reason most fans seem to believe ASL would be easier for Cass to learn: body language. It is true that ASL uses a lot of body language when signing. However, as I previously described with nonmanual markers, the difference between yes/no and wh- questions, and establishing a signing space, that body language is heavily regulated. There's rules behind what certain movements mean, and those rules are very important. There's a HUGE impact in what facial expressions you use, how your mouth moves, and even what way you're facing. When you sign, you have to consciously (or sometimes unconsciously if you're good enough) think about the proper way to move your body in order to convey what you mean. Cass, as I explained before, specifically reads unconscious body movements. She reads the things you're not thinking about, like how you scrunch in slightly when you're cold, shift your legs when you're uncomfortable, or your eye twitches when it's strained due to lack of sleep. That's what she understands, and its EXTREMELY different from the regulated, purposeful movements of ASL. There's a huge gap between the two, and to say that Cass would just understand the nonmanual markers associated with signing because she can understand unconscious movements ignores all of the rules and specifics that go into ASL nonmanual markers.

So no, ASL wouldn't be any easier for Cass to learn than English, and stating so heavily disrespects ASL (because it ignores all of the complexities that go into the language), and Cass' own disability (because it ignores exactly what she struggles with).

In fact, as I mentioned way earlier (congrats if you've made it this far! PLEASE PLEASE let me know what you think! I'd love to discuss this!), I would actually argue that Cass would have a harder time learning ASL than English.

Part 4: Cass Struggling with ASL

This part is solely my own opinion, but let's get into it. This idea centers around the same nonmanual markers I've mentioned a bunch before. Like I explained, they're purposeful. They have rules behind them. They're fundamentally different from the unconscious body language Cass is used to reading.

I think that fundamental difference between the two would be a barrier for Cass. With a nonmanual marker, she might automatically be trying to apply her understanding of unconscious body language to a conscious nonmanual marker and get two conflicting ideas out of them. Like, let's go back to the idea of setting things up in space.

In order to reference back to something you've set up in space, you typically point at the location you've established. Here, the point specifically means you're referring back to whatever the thing is. Nothing else. However, typically when people are speaking to each other, pointing or shifting your body away from the person you're speaking to can mean anything from you're trying to get attention off of yourself, or you're interested in something else.

I think that for Cass, when she's starting out with learning languages and still struggling to understand some of the stricter grammar rules in language in general, these two things might conflict and make ASL hard for her.

Do I think this means she can never learn ASL? No! Absolutely not! She can 100% learn ASL! Anyone can!

I just think that her learning ASL specifically in the beginning wouldn't go very well. But, of course, that's just my opinion.

Part 5: Final Notes

I'd like to state, for the record, that I'm not saying everyone who has ever said Cass should primarily use ASL is ableist and awful. I'm not, not in the slightest. I'm just trying to bring some of this stuff to people's attention and teach people why I, personally, think that portraying Cass as someone who only uses ASL because it's easier is harmful. This is me educating, not accusing. Please don't attack me.

Let's also go over a few things I think people might ask.

I've seen Cass use signs in the comics.

No, actually! Cass sometimes uses hand gestures, but they are not the same thing.

(Batgirl 2000, #2 & #3)

(Detective Comics #734)

She will use basic gestures to represent things (particularly early on in her appearances, with the first two being from Batgirl 2000 before the magic metahuman touch and the third being from her second ever comic appearance during No Man's Land), not actual signs. This is akin to the difference between doing a thumbs up/down, and actually signing yes/no. So no, she doesn't sign.

2. Cass signs in Young Justice though?

The Young Justice TV isn't canon, and is already extremely different from the comics. In Young Justice, Lady Shiva severed her vocal cords as a child, instead of David Cain raising her in isolation, so also completely different backstories. She literally can't speak there, and doesn't seem to have the same language disability with her brain being built different as in the comics. I'm talking about canon Cass here, the Cass raised to be an assassin by her father.

3. But what about her being a good reason for the Bats to know ASL for my story?

She's not. There's plenty of other reasons the Bats might learn to sign, and I really think they should know ASL! It would be a good way for them to communicate in situations where they need to be silent, and it'd let them communicate with more people and in particular any ASL users in Gotham in an emergency (the same reason they learn so many spoken languages). Dick, in particular, also has a completely different reason: Joey Wilson, aka Jericho, the son of Deathstroke.

(New Teen Titans: The Judas Contract)

Joey is one of the Teen Titans, from Dick's early Nightwing era, and canonically mute after his throat was slit when he was kidnapped as a child. Joey, after the events of Judas Contract, joins the team and becomes a full member of the Teen Titans, being a regularly appearing character in subsequent issues. Dick, because of this, learns more ASL and becomes fluent.

(Also notice the line Dick says in the second image, stating that Batman has previously tried to teach him ASL. The Bats in general, not just Dick, are already thinking about ASL and learning it before Cass is introduced).

4. What if I HC Cass as Deaf?

That's an entirely different story, and just like with YJTV, isn't in the canon comics at all. I'm specifically speaking about canon Cass here. My only thing to say about that is this: why do you HC her as Deaf? If it's solely for angst purposes, I'd tell you to look up the term inspiration porn. (That's an entirely separate rant that I may give someday, but not right now). If it's specifically to justify her using ASL, then think about that justification in relation to this post. Otherwise, have fun? I'm not going to police your HC.

Alright, that's everything now. If you have any other questions, or want to talk about this at all, then please do! I would LOVE to discuss this further. This post may seem pretty long, but it's a product of my longtime frustration with the way Cass and ASL are commonly portrayed in posts and fics. Often, it's bad enough that I'll just close out of things entirely and go rant to some of my friends. They've heard this rant multiple times now. Please, just consider what I've said here.

Finally, I am, of course, not the final jury and judge on Cassandra Cain and ASL. There may be other people who are Deaf/HOH or intimately familiar with ASL (as in, more than just a couple of semesters of an introductory ASL course. Please, please, please never portray yourself as an expert on ASL if you've only just started to learn the language and have never gotten directly involved with Deaf culture) who disagree with me. That's perfectly fine, and I'd LOVE to hear their opinions, or the opinions of anyone more familiar with Cass' own language learning disability (which I don't have any form of). This is all strictly my thoughts on Cass and ASL, and why I think it's disrespectful to portray her like this.

Thank you all for reading, and I'd love to hear your thoughts on this essay. Have a wonderful day!

[laineydelainey]

If Andreil get married, this is 102% how they get engaged

[laineydelainey]

[laineydelainey]

laineydebitch

bitchdelainey

replace one word of your url with bitch

[laineydelainey]

replace one word of your url with bitch

[laineydelainey]

whenever a mutual doesn’t interact with me for a long time i get so scared they don’t wanna play dolls with me anymore

[laineydelainey]

he puts this onto his grave after james died in a car crash (modern au)

Author Regulus Black who proposes to his boyfriend James by putting 'To, James, my forever husband'

[laineydelainey]

that’s not nice to say at all

not the most popular hc but james was never regulus’ replacement to sirius.

james was his best friend, his other half, and someone who would always have a place in his life beyond romantic or platonic bounds.

remus was something else to sirius. remus was the love of his life, the only person sirius really listened to, and the feelings he had for him were unique to him.

now peter … peter was exactly like a brother to sirius. he looked up to sirius like regulus used to, he followed him around like regulus used to, and it was impossible for sirius to not have the same bond with peter that he did with regulus. that’s why sometimes he would snap at him, too, because that’s just how brothers are.

except peter didn’t have siblings so he couldn’t help but internalize all the off handed rude comments that sirius thought were just playful or would brush off. it didn’t help that sirius talked about regulus with such resentment and peter felt like he could relate to regulus so sirius probably hated him, too. all that contempt just kept building up.

and in the end, even though regulus was a death eater just like peter turned out to be, the brother sirius chose to have betrayed him in ways worse than regulus ever did. because regulus never had the power to destroy sirius’ life. sirius took that away from him the day he was disowned. he willingly handed peter that power, though, and it was a mistake that had consequences to it that none of them would ever heal from.

[laineydelainey]

After Halloween, Remus wished he never had kissed Sirius and still blamed his love for him that won’t disappear on the wolf.

Remus always thought of the werewolf as an entirely seperate being from him.

He would demonise it, push it away, detach himself so completely it felt as though he was living two different lives.

But then, as he grew older, he started to blame the werewolf for other things too.

For his depression. For his manic rage. For his self hatred.

Anything negative he experienced he would pin on the werewolf, fueling his anger at this other creature living inside of him.

When second year rolled around and he developed a crush on his best friend, he blamed that on the werewolf too.

Because Remus never wanted to fall for him.

He never wanted to fall in love with the boy with long black hair and silver eyes.

Remus didn't want to ruin their friendship- couldn't ruin it. And he knew Sirius would never like him back.

So how could it be Remus' fault?

Everything that had ever gone wrong in his life was the werewolf. Surely it had its hand in this too.

So every time he thought about Sirius in a way that wasn't right- wasn't good- he hated that stupid wolf even more.

Three years into school the others came to him, told him they knew his secret, knew what he was, and that they loved him anyways.

This made Remus furious, the werewolf didn't deserve their love. Their love was Remus'.

The wolf had only ever brought him pain. It didn't deserve to be accepted so easily into his best friend's lives.

But then it happened.

Halfway through third year, sitting underneath the shade of a tree by the black lake.

Sirius told Remus he was in love with him.

And... oh.

Remus couldn't hate the werewolf for making him fall in love with Sirius.

Remus was proud to love Sirius.

Maybe... maybe the wolf wasn't so wrong about this one.

And the more that he thought- the more transitions he went through with his friends by his side- the more he realised.

It wasn't the werewolf that made all of those things happen to Remus after all.

It was just Remus.

He wasn't sure how to feel about that.

But when Sirius kissed him for the first time...

Remus knew he was going to be okay.

[laineydelainey]

Bitchkiller but it goes from Sirius and Barty in a screaming/fighting match to violently making out

[laineydelainey]

Ridiculous Dead Serious idea:

Danny is in some kinda competition that Damian is also in, and they’ve been sniping at each other back and forth throughout the whole thing.

Until one day Danny goes, “You want me so bad it makes you look stupid!”

And Damian stops. Considers. Interrogates himself and his motivations like a good detective. Has a facial journey as he goes through the five stages of grief.

Danny was expecting a snide comeback and now he is legitimately worried he’s somehow triggered the snooty rich kid. Trying to decide if he wants to apologize or awkwardly make his way out of the room to give him time to recover.

Damian sorta hates himself because… yeah, yeah he does. He is attracted to the bratty little fucker and has been… pulling pigtails? Antagonizing to remain in his thoughts and field of vision, to watch his face get red and his breath quicken, to make him lean aggressively into his space and growl at him???

Damian is horrified. How did he misjudge himself so badly? Is this how mother felt when she discovered that Father was a complete mess and only fell more in love?

“Uh, dude? Are you… okay?” Danny reaches hesitantly towards him but doesn’t quite touch.

“No,” Damian says, schooling his face into a bland mask. “In fact, I may need you to support me.”

Panic flits across his companion’s face. He rushes to his aid, ducking against his side. His arm wraps around Damian’s back and a hand settles on his waist. Too gullible.

Damian mourns his own good sense.

[laineydelainey]

i’m at 45k (almost there)

Mid-week check in!

We’re approaching the end of the challenge so if you’re still shy of your WC goals now’s the time to buckle in and give one last effort before the finish line!

Feel free to share your WC, triumphs, and obstacles this month in the comments or a reblog

Regardless of how many words you all have written so far I hope you’re proud of the time and energy you put in! Writing a novel is a long and wonderful process and every sentence counts!!

Happy writing

taglist: @queengmine2crayon @bluedaelyn @caffinatedcastiel @spookylittlemegan @brightshaw-shipper @superabi1997 @lauravanarendonkbaugh @relentlesslycravingsummer @mayarii-darling @laineydelainey @madisonofthesouth @theghostinthewardrobe @lobsterminator

[laineydelainey]

civilian tim au where he ends up being close-ish friends with the waynes (being one of the few non-corrupt rich folk) but every conversation ends up with him Desperately trying not to let them know that he knows. like / socialite: oh, cass darling! how'd you break your arm? // cass: skiing. // tim, who knows Damn well poison ivy broke batgirl's arm last night bc He Was There: haha what a life you live cass anyways-

KFJFJDKDHDHDJ

AU where Tim has known who the Batfam are the whole goddamn time and pretends all his life not to know.

And the family all love Tim and will only go to the galas and shit if he’s there because he’s Nice and Sincere and seems to always give good advice as an observant third party. And if they ever need a favor or whatever from him he’s all “No problem!” Doesn’t ask too many questions. Gives them the benefit of the doubt. Just a true friend. One time Cass said “cause a scene” and Tim didn’t even ask why, he just comically tripped and knocked over the nearest ten foot ice sculpture.

So of course the batfam all secretly want him to know the truth. Like, yeah. It’s against the rules but Tim is their friend! He deserves the truth! He’s so trusting and honest with them and it makes them feel so guilty. Like everytime someone cancels lunch plans w/ him cuz of crime, he’s always so cool and understanding?? And they all feel so bad lying over and over to poor Tim who just naively believes them

So then individually all the batfam have the idea to “accidentally” let it slip who they really are.

One time Dick got “caught” wearing his Nightwing outfit and Tim was just like “Holy shit! Nice outfit! Way better than my Halloween costume” “Halloween? Tim, it’s August.” “Right? So cool that you’re into it enough you’d plan so far ahead” “uh. Yeah. Okay. Halloween. Sure”

Damian is at a gala when he curses and walks off to the bathroom, dragging Tim along with him, telling him he needs help resowing his stitches

Damian’s shoulder has a bite mark taken out of it courtesy of killer croc. Damian tries to explain, come clean about why he has this horrible wound,

“Drake. I’m sure you must be wondering why I have-”

“Oh, no. No need to explain. I know you love animals. And if you happened to break into the Gotham zoo to try and free the alligators and accidentally got bitten? Well, I’m sure Bruce doesn’t need to know”

“…yes. that is… exactly what happened. Truly, Drake, your detective skills are adequate. Even impressive”

“Don’t go all sappy on me here, Damian”

“-tt-”

[laineydelainey]

i’m somehow at 25 thousandish words

Week Four Writing Sprint

Time: 20 min

Recommendation: 10 min writing, 2 min break, 10 min writing

This week's sprint is about the length of a tv episode! reblog/comment with your WC once you've completed the sprint!

[laineydelainey]

The Adams Administration-Hamilton (basically any song from it)

ATTENTION

If you see this you are OBLIGATED to reblog w/ the song currently stuck in your head :)

[laineydelainey]

i’m at 2000ish words in total

Challenge Day 5

Mid-week check-in!

For those of you who have already started writing, how's it going? For those who are concentrating their writing around the weekends, how are you feeling?

We're still very close to the beginning of the challenge, so if you're not hitting your WC goals just yet there's still plenty of time left! Think of this week as a trial run for you to learn when you do (and don't) like to write and, as always, try to have fun with your piece

Happy writing

taglist: @queengmine2crayon @bluedaelyn @caffinatedcastiel @spookylittlemegan @brightshaw-shipper @superabi1997 @lauravanarendonkbaugh @relentlesslycravingsummer @mayarii-darling @laineydelainey @madisonofthesouth @theghostinthewardrobe @lobsterminator

[laineydelainey]

guys i fr thought that everyone knew the ravens didn’t kill their selves, i’ve been thinking this for at least a year