music-of-languages

[music-of-languages]

おはようございます [ohayou gozaimasu] - Good morning こんにちは [konnichiwa] - Good day こんばんは [konbanwa] - Good evening おやすみなさい [oyasuminasai] - Good night さようなら [sayounara] - Good-bye またね [matane] - See you  初めまして [hajimemashite] - How do you do? よろしくお願いします [yoroshiku o-negai shimasu] - Nice to meet you お久しぶりです [o-hisashiburi desu] - Long time no see お元気ですか [o-genki desu ka] -How are you? 元気です [genki desu] - I’m fine お願いします [o-negai shimasu] - Please ください [kudasai] - Please (give me) ありがとうございます [arigatou gozaimasu] - Thank you どういたしまして [dou itashimashite] - You’re welcome どうぞ [douzo] - By all means; you’re welcome; here you are ごめんなさい [gomennasai] - I’m sorry すみません [sumimasen] - I’m sorry, excuse me  失礼します [shitsurei shimasu] - Excuse me 大丈夫です [daijoubu desu] - It’s okay  はい [hai] - Yes いいえ [iie] - No  お邪魔します [o-jama shimasu] - a greeting used when entering someone’s home ようこそ [youkoso] - welcome いただきます [itadakimasu] - Thank you for the meal (before eating) ごちそうさまでした [gochisousama deshita] - Thank you for the meal (after eating) 行ってきます [ittekimasu] - I’m off (”I’ll go and come back”) 行ってらっしゃい [itterasshai] - See you (”Please go and come back”) ただいま [tadaima] - I’m home お帰りなさい [okaerinasai] - Welcome home 乾杯 [kanpai] - Cheers!

[music-of-languages]

The 100 most-spoken languages of the world

0. Language (endonym): total speakers - native speakers

English (English): 1,348,000,000 - 369,900,000

Mandarin Chinese (普通话, 國語): 1,120,000,000 - 921,200,000

Hindi (हिन्दी): 600,000,000 - 342,200,000

Spanish (español): 543,000,000 - 471,400,000

Modern Standard Arabic (العربية الفصحى, عربي فصيح): 274,000,000 - ∅

Bengali (বাংলা): 268,000,000 - 228,700,000

French (français): 267,000,000 - 79,600,000

Russian (русский): 258,000,000 - 153,000,000

Portuguese (português): 258,000,000 - 232,400,000

Urdu (اُردُو): 230,000,000 s. - 69,000,000

Indonesian (bahasa Indonesia): 199,000,000 - 43,600,000

German (Deutsch): 135,000,000 - 76,600,000

Japanese (日本語): 136,000,000 - 126,300,000

Western Punjabi (پن٘جابی): 113,000,000 s. - 113,000,000

Marathi (मराठी): 99,000,000 - 83,100,000

Telugu (తెలుగు): 96,000,000 - 82,600,000

Turkish (Türkçe): 88,000,000 - 82,200,000

Yue Chinese (粵語, 粤语): 85,000,000 - 84,900,000

Tamil (தமிழ்): 85,000,000 - 77,500,000

Javanese (ꦧꦱꦗꦮ): 82,000,000 - 82,000,000

Wu Chinese (吳語, 吴语): 82,000,000 - 81,700,000

Korean (한국어, 조선말): 82,000,000 - 77,200,000

Vietnamese (Tiếng Việt): 77,000,000 - 76,100,000

Hausa (Harshen): 75,000,000 - 48,600,000

Iranian Persian (فارسی): 74,000,000 s. - 56,300,000

Egyptian Arabic (العامية المصرية): 70,000,000 s. - 68,000,000

Swahili (Kiswahili): 69,000,000 - 16,300,000

Italian (italiano): 68,000,000 - 64,800,000

Gujarati (ગુજરાતી): 62,000,000 - 56,900,000

Thai (ภาษาไทย): 61,000,000 - 20,700,000

Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ): 59,000,000 - 43,600,000

Amharic (አማርኛ): 57,000,000 - 32,300,000

Bhojpuri (भोजपुरी): 52,000,000 - 51,000,000

Eastern Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ): 52,000,000 - 48,600,000

Southern Min Chinese (閩南語, 闽南语): 49,000,000 - 48,400,000

Nigerian Pidgin (Pijin): 48,000,000 - 30,000,000

Jinyu Chinese (晋语, 晉語): 47,000,000 - 46,000,000

Algerian Arabic (دزيرية): 45,500,000 s. - 42,500,00

Filipino (Wikang Filipino): 45,000,000 - 45,000,000

Hakka Chinese (客家話, 客家话): 44,000,000 - 44,000,000

Yoruba (Èdè Yorùbá): 43,000,000 - 41,000,000

Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ): 43,000,000 - 33,000,000

Sudanese Arabic (عربية سودانية): 42,000,000 s. - 31,900,000

Polish (polski): 41,000,000 - 36,000,000

Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ): 40,000,000 - 35,000,000

Ukrainian (українська): 40,000,000 - 35,000,000

Xiang Chinese (湘語, 湘语): 38,000,000 - 38,000,000

Maithili (मैथिली): 37,100,000 - 33,900,000

Malayalam (മലയാളം): 37,100,000 - 33,000,000

Moroccan Arabic (الدارجة المغربية):‎ 32,600,000 - 30,500,000

Sundanese (Basa Sunda): 32,400,000 - 32,400,000

Dutch (Nederlands): 29,000,000 - 23,000,000

Igbo (Ásụ̀sụ̀ Ìgbò): 27,000,000 - 27,000,000

Zulu (isiZulu): 27,000,000 - 12,000,000

Northern Uzbek (Oʻzbekcha): 25,100,000 - 25,100,000

Nepali (नेपाली): 25,000,000 - 16,000,000

Sindhi (سنڌي): 24,600,000 s. - 24,600,000

North Levantine Arabic (اللهجة الشامي الشمال): 24,600,000 s. - 24,600,000

Romanian (limba română): 24,300,000 - 20,000,000

Tagalog (Wikang Tagalog): 23,800,000 - 22,500,000

Sa'idi Arabic (صعيدى): 22,400,000 s. - 22,400,000

Gan Chinese (贛語, 赣语): 22,100,00 - 22,000,000

Northern Pashto (شمالي پښتو): 20,900,000 s. - 20,900,000

Magahi (मगही): 20,700,000 - 20,700,000

Saraiki (سرائیکی): 20,000,000 s. - 20,000,000

Xhosa (isiXhosa): 19,200,000 - 8,200,000

Malay (bahasa Melayu): 19,100,000 - 19,100,000

Khmer (ភាសាខ្មែរ): 17,600,000 - 16,600,000

Afrikaans (Afrikaans): 17,500,000 - 7,200,000

Sinhala (සිංහල): 17,300,000 - 17,200,000

Chhattisgarhi (छत्तिसगढ़ी): 16,300,000 - 16,300,000

Somali (af Soomaali): 16,300,000 - 16,200,000

Cebuano (Sebwano): 15,900,000 - 15,900,000

Mesopotamian Arabic (اللهجة العراقية): 15,700,000 s. - 15,700,000

Assamese (অসমীয়া): 15,300,000 - 14,810,000

Northeastern Thai (ภาษาอีสาน): 15,000,000 - 15,000,000

Northern Kurdish (Kurmancî, کورمانجی): 14,600,000 s. - 14,600,000

Hijazi Arabic (حجازي): 14,600,000 s. - 14,500,000

Fula (Fulfulde, Pulaar): 14,500,000 - 14,500,000

Bavarian (Boarisch): 14,100,000 - 14,000,000

Bambara (Bámánánkán): 14,100,000 - 4,100,000

Dyula (Julakan): 14,100,000 - 4,100,000

South Azerbaijani (آذربایجان دیلی): 13,800,000 s. - 13,800,000

Northern Sotho (Sesotho sa Leboa): 13,800,000 - 4,700,000

Southern Sotho (Sesotho): 13,500,000 - 5,600,000

Swedish (svenska): 13,200,000 - 10,000,000

Greek (ελληνικά): 13,100,000 - 13,000,000

Chittagonian (চাটগাঁইয়া): 13,000,000 - 13,000,000

Kazakh (qazaqşa, қазақша): 12,900,000 - 12,900,000

Tswana (Setswana): 12,900,000 - 5,200,000

Deccan (دکنی): 12,800,000 s. - 12,800,000

Hungarian (magyar): 12,600,000 - 12,600,000

Kinyarwanda (Ikinyarwanda): 12,100,000 - 9,800,000

Sadri (सादरी): 12,100,000 - 5,100,000

Cameroonian Pidgin (Wes Cos): 12,000,000 - 10,000,000

South Levantine Arabic (اللهجة الشامية الجنوبية): 11,600,000 s. - 11,600,000

Tunisian Arabic (تونسي): 11,600,000 s. - 11,200,000

Sanʿani Arabic (حناني عربي): 11,400,000 s. - 11,100,000

Czech (čeština): 10,700,000 - 7,700,000

Sylheti (সিলেটি): 10,500,000 - 10,000,000

Data for speakers were taken from the 2021 (24th edition) Ethnologue: Languages of the World edition and, when not available, from previous editions, particularly from the 17th one.

"s." has been added to certain figures because they use a right-to-left script that would not allow me to properly display the number of speakers.

[music-of-languages]

Italian Vocabulary - Months

1. gennaio - January

2. febbraio - February

3. marzo - March

4. aprile - April

5. maggio - May

6. giugno - June

7. luglio - July

8. agosto - August

9. settembre - September

10. ottobre - October

11. novembre - November

12. dicembre - December

[music-of-languages]

Italian Vocabulary - Months

1. gennaio - January

2. febbraio - February

3. marzo - March

4. aprile - April

5. maggio - May

6. giugno - June

7. luglio - July

8. agosto - August

9. settembre - September

10. ottobre - October

11. novembre - November

12. dicembre - December

[music-of-languages]

Italian Vocabulary - Days of the Week

lunedì - Monday

martedì - Tuesday

mercoledì - Wednesday

giovedì - Thursday

venerdì - Friday

sabato - Saturday

domenica - Sunday

[music-of-languages]

Tokyo, Japan

[music-of-languages]

Languages of the world

Italian (italiano)

Basic facts

Number of native speakers: 67 million

Official language: Italy, San Marino, Switzerland, Vatican

Minority language: Croatia, Slovenia

Language of diaspora: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Uruguay, United States

Alphabet: Latin, 21 letters

Grammatical cases: 0

Linguistic typology: fusional, SVO, pro-drop

Language family: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Italo-Dalmatian

Number of dialects: 3 main groups

History

960 - earliest surviving Italian texts

14th century - formalization of Italian

1612 - first Italian dictionary

Writing system and pronunciation

These are the letters that make up the alphabet: a b c d e f g h i l m n o p q r s t u v z.

There is an almost one-to-one correspondence between letters and sounds.

Italian makes use of the acute and grave accents to indicate the kind of vowel it is and where the stress of a word is located.

Grammar

Nouns have two genders (masculine and feminine), two numbers (singular and plural), and no cases. Some words are masculine in the singular and feminine or masculine in the plural.

A typical feature of article inflection is the contraction of articles with prepositions.

Verbs are conjugated for tense, mood (conditional, imperative, indicative, and subjunctive), person, and number. There are many irregular verbs.

Dialects

The following dialect groups are distinguished: Northern, Tuscan and Central, and Southern and Extreme Southern. Northern Italian can be subdivided into Gallo-Italian and Venetan dialects.

Standard Italian is based on the Tuscan dialect. Differences between dialects can be found in pronunciation, vocabulary, and syntax.

[music-of-languages]

▪︎PRESENTE▪︎

io ho - I have

tu hai - you have

egli ha - he, she has

noi abbiamo - we have

voi avete - you have

essi hanno - they have

[music-of-languages]

▪︎PRESENTE▪︎

io sono - I am

tu sei - you are

egli è - he, she is

noi siamo - we are

voi siete - you are

essi sono - they are

[music-of-languages]

Near Speaker

これ (this)

この (本) (this book)

ここ (here)

こちら (this way)

Near Listener

それ (that)

その (本) (that book)

そこ (there)

そちら (that way)

Far from both Speaker & Listener

あれ (that over there)

あの (本) (that book over there)

あそこ (over there)

あちら (that way over there)

[music-of-languages]

Basic Katakana

ア (a) イ (i) ウ (u) エ (e) オ (o)

カ (ka) キ (ki) ク (ku) ヶ (ke) コ (ko)

サ (sa) シ (shi) ス (su) セ (se) ソ (so)

タ (ta) チ (chi) ツ (tsu) テ (te) ト (to)

ナ (na) ニ (ni) ヌ (nu) ネ (ne) ノ (no)

ハ (ha) 匕 (hi) フ (hu) ヘ (he) ホ (ho)

マ (ma) ミ (mi) ム (mu) メ (me) モ (mo)

ヤ (ya) ユ (yu) ヨ (yo)

ラ (ra) リ (ri) ル (ru) レ (re) ロ (ro)

ワ (wa) ヲ o(wo)

ン (n)

[music-of-languages]

Reblog this if you’re an active langblr!

[music-of-languages]

Counting People

1人 (一人) ひとり

2人 (二人) ふたり

3人 (三人) さんにん

4人 (四人) よにん

5人 (五人) ごにん

6人 (六人) ろくにん

7人 (七人) ななにん / しちにん

8人 (八人) はちにん

9人 (九人) きゅうにん

10人 (十人) じゅうにん

[music-of-languages]

N5 verb list

会う　（あう）- to meet

開く　（あく）- to become open

開ける　（あける）- to open

上げる　（あげる）- to give

遊ぶ　（あそぶ）- to play, to make a visit

あびる - to bathe, to shower

洗う　（あらう）- to wash

ある - to be, to have (inanimate)

歩く　（あるく）- to walk

言う　（いう）- to say

行く　（いく）- to go

居る　（いる）- to be, to have (animate)

要る　（いる）- to need

入れる　（いれる）- to put in

歌う　（うたう）- to sing

生まれる　（うまれる）- to be born

売る　（うる）- to sell

起きる　（おきる）- to get up

置く　（おく）- to put

教える　（おしえる）- to teach, to tell

押す　（おす）- to push, to stamp

覚える　（おぼえる）- to remember

泳ぐ　（およぐ）- to swim

降りる　（おりる）- to get off, to descend

終わる　（おわる）- to finish

買う　（かう）- to buy

返す　（かえす）- to return something

帰る　（かえる）- to return, to go back

かかる - to take time or money

書く　（かく）- to write

かける - to call by phone

貸す　（かす）- to lend

借りる　（かりる）- to borrow

消える　（きえる）- to disappear

聞く　（きく）- to hear, to listen, to ask

切る　（きる）- to cut

着る　（きる）- to put on 

曇る　（くもる）- to become cloudy/dim

来る　（くる）- to come

消す　（けす）- to erase, to turn off

答える　（こたえる）- to answer

コピーする - to copy

困る　（こまる）- to be worried

咲く　（さく）- to bloom

差す　（さす）- to stretch out, to raise

散歩する　（さんぽする）- to stroll

死ね　（しね）- to die

閉まる　（しまる）-  to close, to be closed

閉める　（しめる）- to close something

締める　（しめる）- to tie

知る　（しる）- to know

吸う　（すう）- to smoke

住む　（すむ）- to live in

する - to do

座る　（すわる）- to sit

掃除する　（そうじする）- to clean, to sweep

出す　（だす）- to put out

立つ　（たつ）- to stand

頼む　（たのむ）- to ask

食べる　（たべる）- to eat

違う　（ちがう）- to differ

使う　（つかう）- to use

疲れる　（つかれる）- to get tired

着く　（つく）- to arrive at

作る　（つくる）-to make

つける - to turn on

勤める　（つとめる）- to work for someone

出かける　（でかける）- to go out

できる - to be able to

出る　（でる）- to leave, to go out

取る　（とる）- to take something

撮る　（とる）- to take a photo or film

鳴く　（なく）- to chirp, roar, croak etc

無くす　（なくす）- to lose something

習う　（ならう）- to learn

並ぶ　（ならぶ）- to line up, to stand in line

並べる　（ならべる）- to line up, to set up

なる - to become

脱ぐ　（ぬぐ）- to take off clothes

寝る　（ねる）- to sleep, to go to bed

登る　（のぼる）- to climb

飲む　（のむ）- to drink

乗る　（のる）- to ride, to get on

入る　（はいる）- to enter, to contain

はく - to wear, to put on trousers

始まる　（はじまる）- to begin

走る　（はしる）- to run

働く　（はたらく）- to work

話す　（はなす）- to speak

貼る　（はる）- to stick

晴れる　（はれる）- to be sunny

引く　（ひく）- to pull

弾く　（ひく）- to play an instrument

吹く　（ふく）- to blow (wind)

降る　（ふる）- to fall (rain, snow)

勉強する　（べんきょうする）- to study

曲がる　（まがる）- to turn, to bend

待つ　（まつ）- to wait

磨く　（みがく）- to brush teeth, to polish

見せる　（みせる）- to show

見る　（みる）- to see, to watch, to look

持つ　（もつ）- to hold

休む　（やすむ）- to rest

やる - to do

行く　（ゆく）- to go

呼ぶ　（よぶ）- to call out, to invite

読む　（よむ）- to read

練習する　（れんしゅうする）- to practice

分かる　（わかる）- to be understood

忘れる　（わすれる）- to forget

渡す　（わたす）- to hand over

渡る　（わたる）- to go across

[music-of-languages]

Basic expressions in Japanese

はじめまして ▪︎ Nice to meet you

よろしく ▪︎ Nice to meet you (casual)

よろしくおねがいします ▪︎ Nice to meet you (formal)

おねがいします ▪︎ Please (added to be more polite)

Apologies

ごめんなさい ▪︎ I am sorry

すみません ▪︎ I am sorry / Excuse me

どうもすみません ▪︎ Please excuse me

Thanks

どうも ▪︎ Thanks

ありがとう ▪︎ Thank you (casual)

ありがとうございます ▪︎ Thank you (formal)

どもうありがとう ▪︎ Thank you very much

Source: Duolingo lessons - please correct me if something's wrong

[music-of-languages]

Numbers in Japanese 1-10

１一 ▪︎ 「いち」 ▪︎ one

２二 ▪︎ 「に」 ▪︎ two

３三 ▪︎ 「さん」 ▪︎ three

４四 ▪︎ 「よん」 ▪︎ four

５五 ▪︎ 「ご」 ▪︎ five

６六 ▪︎ 「ろく」 ▪︎ six

７七 ▪︎ 「なな」 ▪︎ seven

８八 ▪︎ 「はち」 ▪︎ eight

９九 ▪︎ 「きゅう」 ▪︎ nine

１０ 十 ▪︎ 「じゅう」 ▪︎ ten

[music-of-languages]

Basic Hiragana

あ (a) い (i) う (u) え (e) お (o)

か (ka) き (ki) く (ku) け (ke) こ (ko)

さ (sa) し (shi) す (su) せ (se) そ (so)

た (ta) ち (chi) つ (tsu) て (te) と (to)

な (na) に (ni) ぬ (nu) ね (ne) の (no)

は (ha) ひ (hi) ふ (fu) へ (he) ほ (ho)

ま (ma) み (mi) む (mu) め (me) も (mo)

や (ya) ゆ (yu) よ (yo)

ら (ra) り (ri) る (ru) れ (re) ろ (ro)

わ (wa) を o (wo)

ん (n)