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Agenda at Katitikan ng Pulong

Pabatid ng Lingguhang “Talk to the People” alinsunod sa RA 11469 “Bayanihan to Heal as One Act Section 5

Ipinabatid ng dokumentong ito ang gaganaping Lingguhang “Talk to the People” ni Pangulong Rodrigo Roa Duterte na mangyayari sa (Malacanang Clubhouse, Presidential News Desk). Ieere ang naturang pulong sa iba’t istasyon ng radyo at telebisyon sa buong kapuluan sa darating na Lunes, ika-11 ng Oktubre 2021, sa ganap na ika-10 ng gabi. Tatalakayin ang mga sumusunod:

KATITIKAN NG PAGPUPULONG: Presidential Communications Operations Office, noong Oktubre 11, 2021 sa ganap na ika-10 ng gabi sa Malacanang Golf Clubhouse, Presidential Desk.

PANGUNAHING ADYENDA: Diskusyon ng pagtaas ng kaso ng COVID-19 sa bansa

I. CALL TO ORDER: Nagsimula ang pagpupulong sa ganap na ika-10 ng gabi, ika-11 ng Oktubre 2021 na pinangunahan ni Pangulong Rodrigo Roa Duterte.

2. ROLL CALL: MGA DUMALO  

- Secretary Carlito Galvez Jr.

- DILG Secretary Eduardo Año

- DND Secretary Delfin Lorenzana

- Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque

- Senator Christopher Lawrence "Bong" Tesoro Go

- Secretary Vivencio “Vince” Dizon

- General Rolando Enrique Domingo

- Secretary Karlo Alexei Nograles

- MMDA Chairman Benjamin “Benhur” Abalos Jr.

INVOCATION: Pinangunahan ni Pangulong Rodrigo Roa Duterte ang pagbasa at pagpapatibay ng nagdaang katititkan noong ika-11 ng Oktubre sa ganap na ika-10 ng gabi.

3. PANUKALANG ADYENDA

-Diskusyon ng pagtaas ng kaso ng

- COVID-19 sa bansa

- COVID-19 Vaccinations

COVID-19 Cases

4. PANIBAGONG DATOS TUNGKOL SA KASALUKUYANG COVID-19 VACCINATION CAMPAIGN/ROLLOUT

a. Kasalukuyang bilang ng mga nakatanggap ng vaccine

- Kabuuan ng doses na ibinahagi: 69,699,340

- Kabuuan ng mga tao na mga nabakunahan: 20,307,122

- Bilang ng mga tao na hindi pa kumpleto ang bakuna: 6,904,997

b. Kasalukuyang bilang ng kumpleto na bakuna

. - Kabuuan ng mga tao na mga nabakunahan: 20,307,122

II. PAGPAPATIBAY NG PANUKALANG ADYENDA

a. Nagkaroon ng diskusyon ang nasabing pagpupulong na kung saan patuloy pa rin ang pagtaas ng kaso ng COVID-19 dito sa bansa.

b. Ibinahagi ang mga vaccines na mayroon sa bansa at mga nabakunahan na nito.

Setyembre 26, 2021, sa ngayon, ay mayroon ng kabuuan na mahigit 69M ang mga taong nabigyan ng bakuna.

- Kabuuan ng doses na ibinahagi: 69,699,340

- Kabuuan ng mga tao na mga nabakunahan: 20,307,122

- Bilang ng mga tao na hindi pa kumpleto ang bakuna: 6,904,997

- 50M doses of COVID-19 vaccines

- 1.4M Moderna Doses na dumating sa Pilipinas

Mga edad na nasa 12-17 gulang ay nagsisimula ng bigyan ng bakuna sa Oktubre 15, 2021 partikular sa "NCR Area"

III. AGENCY REPORTS

Secretary Francisco Duque

- pinag-usapan ang iba’t-ibang kaso ng COVID-19 sa iba't ibang lugar

- isinaad din niya ang mga paraan at mga regulasyon upang maiwasan at hindi madapuan ng COVID-19.

Secretary Carlito Galvez Jr.

- inatasan ni Pangulong Duterte na ipamahagi ang mga COVID-19 vaccines.

DILG Secretary Eduardo Año

- pamamahagi ng ayuda sa mga tao sa panahon ng pandemya.

DND Secretary Delfin Lorenzana

- kaniyang ibinahagi ang pagpaplano  at gagawing aksiyon upang labanan ang COVID-19 na matagal nang nakakapinsala sa bansa.

Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque

- nagbahagi tungkol sa mga pasilidad na pwedeng gamitin ng bawat pamilya kapag sumailalim sa batas ng quarantine.

Secretary Vivencio “Vince” Dizon

- sinundan at tinuloy ang ibinahagi ng Sec. Galvez sa pamimigay ng mga vaccines sa mga tao.

General Rolando Enrique Domingo

- isinaad ang tungkol sa pagbabakuna, mga nabakunahan ng COVID-19 vaccine at mga epekto nito sa mga unang araw kapag nabakunahan.

Secretary Karlo Alexei Nograles

- ipinakita at inilarawan ang mga nakamit ng Philippine Space Agency.

MMDA Chairman Benjamin “Benhur” Abalos Jr.

- nagbahagi patungkol sa “pilot testing” at mga aktibong kaso sa bansa at COVID-19 vaccines.

IV. IBANG PANG PINAG-USAPAN

Isa sa pinakamagandang nagawa sa Pilipinas ay ang proyekto sa Bicol.

Ibinahagi ni Pangulong Duterte na na ang airport kung saan isinaad niya na isa ito sa mga magandang nagawa niya para sa bansang Pilipinas ay matagumpay na natapos.

Pumapangalawa sa Cebu ang Bicol sa pinakamagandang nagawa na "International Airport".

V. ISKEDYUL SA SUSUNOD NA PULONG

  -  Magkakaroon ng pagpupulong sa darating na linggo.

VI. PAGTATAPOS NG PULONG.

Ang pagpupulong na “Talk to the People” ni Pangulong Rodrigo Duterte na ginanap noong ika-11 ng Oktubre 2021, ika-10 ng gabi ay natapos sa oras 12:45 am, Oktubre 12, 2021.

VII. PAGTATAPOS

Inaasahan ang inyong pagdalo sa naturang pulong kasabay ng pagpresenta ng mga kaukulang updates na may kinalaman sa adyenda na inilatag sa taas.

Lester DG. Mendoza

        Kalihim

Katitikan ng Pulong

Katitikan ng Pulong ng Talk to the People alinsunod sa RA 11469 “Bayanihan to Heal as One Act Section 5

Malacanang Clubhouse, Presidential News Desk

Oktubre 11, 2021 sa oras ng ika-10 ng gabi

Oras ng Pagsisimula: 10:00 PM

Oras ng Pagtatapos:  12:45 AM

Dumalo:

• Secretary Francisco Duque

• Secretary Carlito Galvez Jr.

• DILG Secretary Eduardo Año

• DND Secretary Delfin Lorenzana

• Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque

• Senator Christopher Lawrence "Bong" Tesoro Go

• Secretary Vivencio “Vince” Dizon

• General Rolando Enrique Domingo

• Secretary Karlo Alexei Nograles

• MMDA Chairman Benjamin “Benhur” Abalos Jr

Mga Liban: Walang sinuman ang lumiban sa mga dumal

Call to Order - Sinimulan ang pagpupulong sa pagpapalabas ng isang vtr. Kasunod nito pormal na binuksan ni Pangulong Duterte ang pulong sa pagbanggit nga mga kasapi ng nasabing pagtitipon. Kasunod ay nagbahagi din ang Pangulo ng isang vtr tungkol sa ginanap na inagurasyon ng Bicol International Airport.

Panalangin

Pananalita ng Pagtanggap

Pagbasa at Pagpapatibay ng Nagdaang Katitikan ng Pulong

Pagtalakay sa Agenda ng Pulong

Pagtatapos ng Pulong

Iskedyul ng Susunod na Pulong

Nagpapatunay ng kawastuhan ng nilalaman nito:

Mr. Paul Paño

   Kalihim

Pinagtibay: Mr. Paul Paño

President Rodrigo Roa Duterte

President of the Republic of the Philippines

Jose Ruperto Martin M. Andanar

Secretary of the Presidential Communications Operations Office

B. Ipaskil sa ibaba ang larawan ng inyong ginamit na scratch na naglalamat ng ilang detalye ng pagpupulong.

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MedTech Mini Dictionary (Equipment)

Nebulizer

-       Isang aparato para sa paggawa ng isang mahusay na spray ng likido, ang halimbawa ay para sa paglanghap ng mga gamot upang makatulong sa baga.

Thermometer

-       Instrumento para sa pagsukat at pagpapahiwatig ng temperatura, karaniwang isang binubuo ng isang makitid, selyadong tubo ng salamin na minarkahan ng mga numero at sa isang dulo ng isang bombilya na naglalaman ng mercury o alkohol na lumalaki at nakakonekta sa tubo na may pag-init at paglamig.

Wheelchair

-       Isang upuan na nilagyan ng gulong para magamit bilang paraan ng pagdadala ng isang taong hindi nakalakad bunga ng sakit, pinsala, o kapansanan.

Walker

-       Isang uri ng gabay sa paggalaw na ginagamit upang matulungan ang mga taong hindi pa nakakalakad na kailangan pa ng tulong. Ito ay isang frame na may apat na paa na nagpapahintulot sa isang tao na sumandal dito para sa balanse, suporta, at pamamahinga.

Traksyon

-       Ang traksyon ay tumutukoy sa pagsasanay ng dahan-dahan paghila sa isang nabali o naalis na bahagi ng katawan. Ito ay madalas na ginagawa gamit ang mga lubid, pulley, at timbang. Ang mga kagamitang ito ay makakatulong na maglapat ng lakas sa mga tisyu na nakapalibot sa nasirang lugar.

Pressure mattresses

-       Ang isang kutson ng presyon ay dinisenyo upang madagdagan ang ginhawa para sa isang indibidwal na naghihirap mula sa mga sugat sa presyon. Nagbibigay ang kutson ng matataas na antas ng suporta para sa ulo at katawan upang mapawi ang anumang tumataas na stress sa mga pressure point.

Insulin

-       Ito ay isang hormon na nagpapababa ng antas ng glucose (isang uri ng asukal) sa dugo. Ginawa ito ng mga beta cell ng pancreas at inilabas sa dugo kapag tumataas ang antas ng glucose, tulad ng pagkatapos kumain. Tinutulungan ng insulin ang glucose na makapasok sa mga cell ng katawan, kung saan maaari itong magamit para sa enerhiya o maiimbak para magamit sa hinaharap.

Breast pumps

-       Isang aparato para sa pagguhit ng gatas mula sa suso ng isang babae sa pamamagitan ng pagsipsip.

Patient Lifts

-       Ang mga pag-angat ng pasyente ay idinisenyo upang maiangat at ilipat ang mga pasyente mula sa isang lugar patungo sa isa pa (hal., Mula sa kama hanggang paliguan, upuan hanggang sa usungan). Ang mga aparatong medikal na ito ay nagbibigay ng maraming mga benepisyo, kabilang ang nabawasan na peligro ng pinsala sa mga pasyente at tagapag-alaga kung wastong ginamit.

Infusion Pumps

-       Ang ganitong uri ng kagamitan sa paggamot ay ginagamit sa isang setting ng ospital. Idinisenyo ito upang maipasok ang gamot, likido, at iba pang mga paraan ng paggamot sa sistema ng sirkulasyon ng pasyente. Ang makina na ito ay ginagamit nang intravenously ngunit maaari mo ring makita ang epidural o arterial infusions. Ang makina na ito ay maaasahan sapagkat ito ay nag-iikot ng kontroladong dami ng mga likido sa sistema ng pasyente sa loob ng isang naibigay na tagal ng panahon.

Lasik

-       Ang paggamit ng teknolohiya ng LASIK ay pangunahing ginagamit para sa paggamot ng mga kundisyon ng mata. Dinisenyo ito para magamit sa mga pasyenteng naghihirap mula sa myopia, hyperopia, o astigmatism.

Medical Lasers

-       Ang laser ay isang rebolusyonaryong teknolohiya na ipinakilala sa larangan ng medisina para sa paggamot ng iba't ibang mga kondisyong medikal. Ito ay isang aparato na nagpapalabas ng isang haba ng daluyong ng electromagnetic radiation para sa mga klinikal na aplikasyon. Ang mga wavelength na ito ay nag-iiba pagdating sa antas ng enerhiya at tagal ng pulso. Ang mga setting na ito ay matutukoy ng dumadating na manggagamot sa panahon ng paggamot.

Hiringgilya

-       Isang tubo na may isang nguso ng gripo at piston o bombilya para sa pagsuso at paglabas ng likido sa isang manipis na stream, na ginagamit para sa paglilinis ng mga sugat o mga lukab ng katawan, o nilagyan ng guwang na karayom ​​para sa pag-iniksyon o pag-alis ng mga likido.

Pulse Oximeter

-       Ang pulse oximetry ay isang pagsubok na ginamit upang masukat ang antas ng oxygen (saturation ng oxygen) ng dugo. Ito ay isang madali, walang sakit na sukat ng kung gaano kahusay ang oxygen na ipinapadala sa mga bahagi ng iyong katawan na pinakamalayo mula sa iyong puso, tulad ng mga braso at binti.

Blood pressure monitor

-       Isang aparato na awtomatikong nakakakuha at karaniwang nagtatala ng presyon ng dugo sa ilang mga agwat, gamit ang direkta o hindi direktang paraan ng pagtukoy ng presyon.

Stethoscope

-       Isang instrumento na ginagamit upang makapag padala ng mga tunog na mababa ang lakas ng tunog tulad ng isang tibok ng puso (o mga tunog ng bituka, kulang sa hangin, o pagbubuntis) sa tainga ng nakikinig. Ang isang stethoscope ay maaaring binubuo ng dalawang piraso ng tainga na konektado sa pamamagitan ng kakayahang umangkop na tubo sa isang dayapragm na inlalagay laban sa balat ng pasyente.

Bendahe

-       Ang bendahe ay isang piraso ng materyal na ginagamit upang suportahan ang isang aparatong medikal tulad ng isang dressing o splint, o sa sarili nitong upang magbigay ng suporta sa o upang mapigilan ang paggalaw ng isang bahagi ng katawan.

Calorimeters

-       Isang instrumento para sa pagsukat ng dami ng init na nagawa sa anumang sistema o organismo.

Droppers

-       Pipet o tubo para sa pagbibigay ng mga likido sa mga patak.

Incubator

-       Ang isang incubator ay idinisenyo upang magbigay ng isang ligtas, kontroladong espasyo para mabuhay ang mga sanggol habang umuunlad ang kanilang mga mahahalagang bahagi ng katawan. ... Ang isang incubator ay maaaring magsama ng kagamitan upang subaybayan ang isang hanay ng mga bagay kabilang ang temperatura at rate ng puso ng sanggol. Pinapayagan ng pagsubaybay na ito ang mga nars at doktor na patuloy na subaybayan ang katayuan sa kalusugan ng isang sanggol.

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Talumpati

Panuto: Suriin ang nilalaman ng talumapting makikita sa link na ito Speech of President Marcos on the opening of Linggo ng Wikaang Pambansa | GOV PH

1. Ano ang paksa ng talumpati?

Ang talumpati ay may paksa tungkol sa paggamit ng wikang Filipino bilang lenggwahe sa bansa at ang kahalagahan ng sariling wikang natin na kung saan ito ay nararapat na palaganapin, at ipagmalaki, mahalin.

2.Ano ang tiyak na grupo ng publiko ang nais maabot ng nagtatalumpati?

Nais maabot ng nagtatalumpati ang mga mamamayang Pilipino sa bawat sulok ng bansang Pilipinas na bigyang pansin ang paggamit ng kinagisnang wika.

3.Anong pangunahing ideya ang ipinapahayag ng may akda sa kaniyang talumpati?

Ang pangunahing ideya at nais iparating ng may akda ay mabigyan ng pagkakataon ang lahat ng mga Pilipino na mas lalong pagtibayin ang paggamit ng sariling wika nito.

4.Ano-anong ideya naman ang sumusuporta sa pangunahing ideyang ito?

Ibinatid muna ng nagtatalumpati na nagkaroon ng hindi pagkakaintindihan o problema sa komunikasyon sa kadahilanang marami ang dialekto sa ating bansa kung kaya’t hindi matukoy kung ano nga ba talaga ang pambansang wika. Gayunpaman, gumawa ng hakbang ang pamahalaan na pairalin ang wikang Filipino. Ang sumusuporta sa pangunahing ideya ay mas lalo pang ipagmalaki at mahalin ang sariling wika, pahalagahan at pagtibayin nang sa gayon lumawak pa ito hanggang sa susunod na henerasyon

5. Sumasang-ayon ka ba sa ideyang ito? Bakit?

Ako ay sang-ayon sapagkat ito ay isang mahalagang salik sa komunikasyon. Sa pamamagitan ng maayos at angkop na paggamit ng wika, nagkakaroon ang mga mamamayan ng kakayahang kumuha at makapag bahagi ng kaalaman, ng mga mithiin at nararamdaman. Tangkilikin natin ang wikang Filipino sa kadahilanang mahalaga ito sa pagkakaugnay sa ating bansa at nagpapakita na tayo ay mamamayan ng bansang Pilipinas. Ito ay biyaya ng Poong Lumikha kung kaya’t ito’y dapat hindi ikahiya, bagkus ay nararapat natin itong ipalaganap, pagyamanin, at ipagmalaki. Gamitin natin ito araw-araw. Dahil dito maipapakita natin ang ating pagka-Pilipino.

6.Napapanahon ba ang paksa ng talumpati?

Oo, dahil marami sa mga tao ngayon, partikular ang mga kabataan at mas bata pa na hindi sanay sa paggamit ng wikang kinagisnan ng kanilang mga magulang o kanilang mga lolo at, lola. Sa panahon ngayon, ang mga batang katulad nila ay mulat sa pagsasalita ng ibang wika, kadalasan ang wikang Ingles. Ito ay napapanahon at isang magandang talumpati nang sa gayon ay mamulat ang iba na hindi gumagamit ng sariling wika at magkaroon sila ng ideya na gamitin ang sariling wika natin.

7.Kung makakausap mo ang nagtatalumpati, ano ang gusto mong itanong sa kanya?

Naging mas maunlad ang ating sariling wika, ngunit halos ng mga tao ngayon ay sanay at bihasa na gamitin ang wikang banyaga. Ngayon, paano ito papalawakin, o ano ang mga hakbang upang bigyan sila ng mulat na pairalin ang sariling wikang atin?

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Replektibong Sanaysay

Panuto: Sumulat ng iyong orihinal na Replektibong Sanaysay mula sa mga teksto sa ibaba. Ang bawat katha ay hindi dapat bumaba sa 150 salita. Ang naturang komposisyon ay iaupload sa inyong website.

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MdO96Nux024

Ang Department of Labor and Employment (DoLE) ay nagbigay ng babala sa mga employer at mga negosyo na huwag ipatupad ang “no vaccine, no work policy“. Ayon sa aking pananaw, hindi nararapat at hindi makatarungan na tanggalin ang isang empleyado sa kadahilanang siya ay walang natanggap na bakuna. Sa panahon ngayon ngayon, mayroon tayong pandemyang kinakaharap at ito ang panahon na lubos na kailangan upang may maipakain sa kanilang mga pamilya. Para sa akin, mas maganda na bigyang kaalaman ng mga may-ari ang bawat empleyado nila sa kahalagahan at positibong dulot ng Covid-19 Vaccine. Mas maganda kung kanilang ipapaliwanag ang magandang dulot nito at hindi dapat katakutan nang sa gayon ay mahikayat ang mga empleyado nila na magpabakuna, at sabihin na ito ay epektibo at isa sa malaking hakbang upang mabawasan at maiwasan ang patuloy na pag-angat ng kaso ng virus dito sa ating bansa. Ayon sa batas, walang anumang karapatan ang isang kumpanya na tanggalin ang mga trabahador ng walang malalim na dahilan kasama na rito ang pagkaitan ng sahod o benepisyo dahil ito ay sumasailalim sa diskriminasyon o kung tawagin sa ingles ay “termination”. Mabuti rin kung isaulat nila na ang pagbabakuna sa pansarili ay pagpoprotekta sa iyong pamilya at sa mga taong nakapaligid, patunay na lamang na hindi dapat katakutan ang vaccine, kundi ang mismong dulot ng Covid-19.

2. https://www.abante.com.ph/8-9-unemployment-rate/

Hindi mabilang ang bawat indibidwal o miyembro ng pamilya na lubos na naghihirap sa kinakaharap ng pandemyang ito. Mga pangyayaring hindi natin sukat akalain na magdadalawang taon nang nagsimulang nalugmok ang buong bansa tugon sa pandemyang Covid-19. Pagkalipas ng ilang taon, makikita natin na hindi lamang sa Pilipinas kung hindi pati na rin sa ibang bansa ang pagbagsak ng ekonomiya dulot ng Covid-19, makikita natin ang napakalaking naging epekto nito hindi lang sa pagsarado ng mga establisyemento, ng paaralan, kundi pati na rin sa ating mamamayan. Ayon sa resulta ng Labor Force Survey na ginawa ng Philippine Statistics Authority, nakasaad dito na umabot sa 8.9 porsyento ang "unemployment rate” sa ating bansa noong nakaraang Setyembre. Nakakalungkot man isipin, ngunit ito ay isang katotohanan na isa ito sa mga nasalanta ng pandemya, maraming buhay ang nawala, nawalan ng trabaho, at nawalan ng pag-asa mabuhay. Tunay nga namang ang sarap balik-balikan ang normal na pamumuhay natin noon, ang face to face classes, makita araw-araw ang iyong mga kaibigan, mga kaklase at iyong mga guro. Sa kabila ng lahat, ako ay hindi mawawalan ng pag-asa. Hindi man ngayon ngunit balang araw ay babalik ang lahat sa wasto at normal. Maaaring ang pandemyang ito ay isang rason upang tayo ay matuto sa ating mga pananaw sa buhay.

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CONCEPT PAPER: Doctrines of Grace

Written by Guinness G. Maza, Lana Denise G. Coronel, Lester DG. Mendoza, James Aldrich M. Ramos, Gil Fabien S. Cabrera, and Jet Angelo V. Gaspar

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A Christian is someone who believes in God the Father, His son Jesus Christ, and the Holy Spirit. Part of being a true Christian is understanding the meaning and importance of salvation, specifically to answer why we needed to be saved, how are we saved, and how can we be saved. This concept paper discusses the matter of salvation according to the doctrines of grace or the five points of Calvinism.

The paper touches on the idea of predestination and relates the five points of Calvinism to one another. Claims or hypothesis discussed are supported with evidence directly from the scriptures. This is to ensure that the validity and reliability of the paper is valued with God’s words and not what the writers think makes logical sense.

As mentioned in the previous paragraphs, the scope of this paper has placed a boundary on the views on grace to be discussed; thus, it does not speak for all Christians. Rather, this concept paper functions to provide readers a clear understanding on God’s grace according to Calvinists and the Bible.

PRELIMINARY RELATED LITERATURE

Calvinism is an ideology named after a French theologian, John Calvin, containing his and his successors systematic theology in which they emphasize God’s sovereignty. This reformed theology revolves around the idea that God has complete control over everything. Historians prefer to start telling the origins of Calvinism with Huldrych Zwingli, who started the Protestant movement in Zurich. This movement was continued by Heinrich Bullinger after Zwingli’s early death, and it became the theological and political backgrounds of Calvin’s works.

The five points of Calvinism wasn’t determined by Calvin himself. The story starts with a theologian by the name of Jacobus Arminius. While he was studying in Geneva with Calvin’s successor, Theodor Beza, he never expressed any uncertainty about Calvinism or Reformed theology. After he left Geneva and became a pastor in the Netherlands, he started having doubts and started to look deeper into these issues when he became a professor. After his death, there was a group of people who took his form of theology called the remonstrance group. This group, known as the Armenians, challenged Calvinism. They came up with five points of Arminianism, namely partial depravity, conditional election, unlimited atonement, prevenient grace, and conditional salvation. At the Synod of Dort in 1619, Arminianism was rejected as being unscriptural and the five points of Calvinism, as a response towards their challenge, were reaffirmed.

These points are recognized as the doctrines of grace. It is being used to teach soteriology or the doctrine of salvation. The five points of Calvinism can be summarized using the acronym TULIP, although it wasn’t originally an acronym. Each letter stands for total depravity, unconditional election, limited atonement, irresistible grace, and perseverance of the saints.

Research Questions

1. What is Total Depravity?

2. What is Unconditional Election?

3. What is Limited Atonement

4. What is Irresistible Grace?

5. What is Perseverance of the Saints?

Research Hypothesis

1. We can’t reach out to God out of our own will.

2.A person is saved not because of his merit but because it is God’s will.

3. Jesus atoned for the sins of the elect.

4. God makes man willing to come to Him.

5. Those whom God has elected will forever be saved.

DISCUSSION

The Discussion part of the concept paper is divided into sub-parts – namely Total Depravity, Unconditional Election, Limited Atonement, Irresistible Grace, and Perseverance of the Saints. This is to individually explore each doctrine of graces and provide a more in-depth discussion to effectively answer the research questions and hypothesis.

Total Depravity

Total depravity is a Christian theological concept drawn from Augustine's original sin theory. It is the concept that every individual brought into this world is committed to the service of sin as a result of the Fall of Man. Without God's efficacious or prevenient grace, humans are utterly incapable of choosing to follow God, refrain from evil, or accept the gift of salvation as it is offered. This is evident in the following verses:

“None is righteous, no, not one; no one understands; no one seeks for God” (Romans 3:10-11)

“…made us alive with Christ even when we were dead in transgressions—it is by grace you have been saved.” (Ephesians 2:5)

Many Protestant confessions of faith and catechisms, including those of some Lutheran synods, and Calvinism, advocate it to varying degrees. Arminians, like Methodists, believe in and teach utter depravity, although they believe and teach it in different ways. The distinction between irresistible grace and prevalent grace is the most important distinction between Calvin's total depravity and Arminius' partial depravity.

The term "total depravity," as it is often understood, obscures the theological difficulties at hand. One cannot merely look at the two words and speculate on the depths of humanity's depravity. For example, as a result of the fall, Reformed and Lutheran theologians have never believed humans to be absent of goodness or unable to do good publicly. People still have the image of God, however twisted.

People have fallen into a condition of total depravity as a result of original sin. Humans are naturally willing to pursue their own will and desires, according to the concept of absolute depravity, and reject God's judgment as a result of the fall. Even religion and philanthropy are unholy to God since they are motivated by selfish human desires and are not carried out for God's glory. Therefore, according to Reformed theology, if God is to save anyone, He must predestine, call, or elect them to salvation, because fallen man does not want to, and is incapable of, choosing God. Prevenient grace (or "enabling grace"), according to Arminian theology, reaches past utter depravity to enable people to respond to God's salvation offer in Jesus Christ.

Total depravity does not imply that humans have lost some of their humanity or that they have deteriorated ontologically. People, like Adam and Eve, were formed with the power to sin or not sin, and they still have that ability, even if other aspects of their humanity have been corrupted. It also doesn't imply that people are as bad as they can be. Rather, it means that even the good that a person intends is flawed in its premise, false in its motive, and ineffective in its execution, and that there is no way to repair this situation through the refining of natural capacities. Thus, even acts of generosity and selflessness are disguised egoist activities. As a result, all good comes solely from God, and not through humanity.

Augustine of Hippo, in contrast to Pelagius, who believed that after the Fall, humans can choose not to sin, contended that since the Fall, all humanity has been enslaved to sin. Prior to making any meaningful choice, everyone is inescapably predisposed to evil and incapable of abstaining from sin. The power to choose between options is not taken away, but people are unable to make their decisions in the service of God rather than self. After the Fall, Thomas Aquinas taught that mankind are unable to escape sin, implying a loss of original righteousness or sinlessness, as well as concupiscence or selfish desire. However, Duns Scotus changed this understanding, believing that sin merely referred to a lack of inherent righteousness. Scotus' position was taken as the Catholic position during the Protestant Reformation, and the Reformers claimed that it reduced sin to a flaw or lack of holiness rather than an inclination toward evil. The term "complete depravity" was coined by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and other Reformers to express what they believed to be the Augustinian doctrine that sin corrupts the entire human nature. This did not, however, imply that the imago Dei had been lost (image of God). Matthias Flacius Illyricus was the sole theologian who claimed that the imago Dei had been taken away and that sin was the essential substance of fallen humanity, and this view was refuted in the Formula of Concord.

Despite people's ability to maintain the law publicly, John Calvin used phrases like "total depravity" to suggest that there was an interior distortion that made all human activities displeasing to God, whether they were outwardly virtuous or terrible. Every human deed, even after regeneration, is tinged with evil. Later Calvinist theologians agreed on this, but the Canons of Dort and subsequent 17th-century Reformed theologians did not use the language of "complete depravity," and perhaps present a milder picture of the state of fallen humanity than Calvin.

Unconditional Election

According to Dr. R. C. Sproul, Unconditional Election or Sovereign Election means and signifies that ‘’God does not foresee an action or condition on our part that induces Him to save us.’’, this states that God chooses us for our salvation without conditions. Therefore, God does not foresee any man’s actions and doings in choosing whoever will be selected and saved. God has chosen mankind despite of their sins and wrongdoings. Although He has commandments that we must obey and follow, it is stated in this doctrine that God had chosen us not because of who we are but because of who He is. This is evident in the following verses:

“Even as He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before Him. In love He predestined us for adoption to Himself as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of His will” (Ephesians 1:4-5)

“though they were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God’s purpose of election might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—” – Romans 9:11

In Calvinism, it is stated that unconditional election is considered as one of the aspects of predestination where God chooses those individuals whom He would save and those who have been elected will receive His mercy and salvation, on the other hand, those who were not elected will receive justice without condition. It is referred to as ‘unconditional’ for God’s choice to save those who were elected were not based on any of His basis that even the sinful ones have been chosen and elected as an act of His saving grace. His choice was not dependent on the foreseen actions of an individual but rather on His sovereign.

This doctrine popularized during the 4th century with Church Father Augustine of Hippo and his debates with Pelagius. The unconditional election codified in the Belgic Confession in 1561, in the Canons of Dort in 1691 represented in reformed confessions specifically the Westminster Standards in 1646 and had continuously spreading the teachings of the doctrine throughout the different areas in the world. Unconditional Election, the second point among the five points of Calvinism that has been often linked with the term ‘predestination’.

According to Cornelis P. Venema, “all people have sinned in Adam and have come under the sentence of the curse and eternal death”, and within this statement, during the begging of the creation of Adam and Eve, us mankind have already been worthy of death for we have been under Adam’s sins ever since. God created Adam and Eve, the first two humans to ever exist in our planet Earth, but even before He created them, God has already declared and chosen to give the salvation to every mankind, even for the sinners. God has based His choice upon His Son, in which we may refer to as His ‘elect’. The Father had asked for His Son to enter our world as a human and offer His life to save every mankind from their sins and such sinners must be brought to faith in Christ.

Unconditional Election dignifies that God’s will to give salvation to all mankind will always be embedded in Him and His heart, and that He was always destined to save His people even with all their sins and sorrows.

Limited Atonement

Sin is when we deliberately break God's commandments and all sins come with a penalty. When we sin, justice demands that we suffer punishment. The doctrine declares that although the death of Jesus Christ was sufficient to atone for the sins of the entire world, it was the intention of God the Father that Christ's atoning death be done only for those who are selected, thus leading them without fail for salvation. A “Limited Atonement” is a theological theory that the reconciliation brought about by Jesus Christ's sufferings between God and man was effective for some but not all men. This is evident in the following verse:

“She will bear a son, and you shall call His name Jesus, for He will save His people from their sins.” (Matthew 1:21)

Limited atonement additionally called “definite atonement” or specific redemption is a doctrine conventional in a few Christian theological traditions. It is especially related to the Reformed lifestyle and is one of the 5 points of Calvinism. The doctrine states that even though the dying of Jesus Christ is enough to catch up on the sins of the complete world, it became the goal of God the Father that the atonement of Christ's dying might paint itself out in handiest pick, thereby the main theme without fail to salvation. According to the doctrine, the death of Jesus was for the picked alone, and no atonement became furnished for the reprobate. This is in evaluation to a perception that God's prevenient grace “allowing grace" that allows all to reply to the salvation presented through God in Jesus Christ Acts 2:21 in order that it's for every person's selection and reaction to God's grace that determines whether or not Christ's atonement may be powerful to that individual.

According to the Bible, Atonement comes from the Hebrew called “kippur” and it appeared multiple times in the Old testament firstly in Exodus 30:10 which said, “Aaron shall make atonement on its horns once a year. With the blood of the sin offering of atonement, he shall make atonement for it once in the year throughout your generations. It is most holy to the LORD.” On the other hand, Atonement in Greek only occurs once in Romans 5:11 and the approach of its message is ‘And not only, so, but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the atonement”.

Irresistible Grace

Irresistible Grace is a theory in Christian theology, notably connected with Calvinism, that argues that God's redeeming grace is effectively applied to those whom He has determined to rescue (the chosen) and overcomes their resistance to accepting the gospel's invitation, leading them to trust in Christ, in God's timing. It differs from prevenient grace, which is linked with Arminianism and teaches that the offer of salvation via grace does not work irresistibly in a strictly cause-and-effect, deterministic manner, but rather in an influence-and-response manner that may be freely accepted or refused.

On a more popular level, the doctrine of irresistible grace has often served to emphasize the irresistible agency of God for the purposes of human conversion and salvation. After the Synod of Dordt, this teaching found its home in the 'Calvinist' tradition, with proponents such as Charles Hodge, Charles Spurgeon, James Orr, B.B. Warfield, John Murray, Loraine Boettner, J.I. Packer, Bruce Ware, and Matthew Barrett. While many other Reformed figures, such as Jonathan Edwards, have called the irresistible grace controversy "perfect nonsense," this doctrine continues to find popular expression in the enormously influential neo-Calvinism of John Piper, Albert Mohler, and Mark Driscoll. This new movement is currently one of the most influential Christian movements in the modern world and is described by Time magazine as one of the ten ideas that are changing the world.

In the late 16th century, Pope Clement VIII established the Congregatio de Auxiliis in response to disputes in the Catholic Church about the roles of efficacious grace and free will. The Dominicans emphasized the significance of efficacious grace, whereas the Jesuits adopted Molinism, which advocated for stronger willpower. These debates also led to the famous formula controversy in France, in which the Jansenists competed against the Jesuits. The doctrine is one of the so-called Five Points of Calvinism established at the Synod of Dort during the Five-Quarter Controversy with the Arminian Remonstrants, who protested against the general predestined scheme of Calvinism and its denial of free will and its condemnation of "the Majority of humanity to torment them for all eternity in hell and they never had a choice." In Calvinist churches, the doctrine is mentioned more frequently compared to other plans of salvation and their respective doctrines about the condition of mankind after the fall and is otherwise not a common topic.

Perseverance of the Saints

Preservation of the saints is a Christian teaching stating that a person who is truly "born of God" or "regenerated" by the indwelling of the Holy Spirit will continue to be good and to praise God until the end of their life. The perseverance of the saints claims that those who are truly chosen and saved will forever have faith in God. Though we are fallible, True Christians can have serious falls and wrong doings, but will never fall from grace. The simplest explanation you can give this doctrine is, “once saved, always saved” it is stated in the bible that when you are born again, you will continue to praise God.

Romans 8:28-39 states that no one can bring a charge against God’s elect (God’s children), No one can separate God and his love for his children, God will do everything for the good of his children and all of which that God Saves will be glorified, as God loves his children.

Another biblical claim that supports this doctrine is John 5:24, where Jesus says, “Truly, truly, I say to you, he who hears my word, and believes Him who sent me, has eternal life, and does not come into judgment, but has passed out of death into life.” This verse states that once we believe in him, the eternal life is something that we will have in the future and will be ours forever. Perhaps it can be heaven, or resurrection.

R.C Sproul created an article stating that the perseverance is a little misleading. He believes that saints do persevere, but they persevere in their own will rather than the mercy of God. He believes that they persevere because of their belief and willingness to do so. He prefers to call it preservation of saints, because the reason these people have attained the state of grace is something that will be accomplished by God.

CONCLUSION

After the Fall of Man, humans have been spiritually dead and unable to choose God. Since we are disconnected to Him, we are also incapable of achieving salvation on own will. Despite this, he still chose to save us – unworthy as we are – without any conditions, that He sent His Son to die for the atonement of the sins of the selected. Regardless of wanting to be saved or not, the elect cannot deny God’s grace, and they will eternally enjoy salvation. Basically, the foundation of the doctrines of grace is God’s absolute control of everything. For it is Him who started the world and shall also bring an end to it.

REFERENCES:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Calvinism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZARuVXiH8k&ab_channel=TomRichey https://www.gotquestions.org/calvinism.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWj_HHxMVIM&t=77s&ab_channel=THEBEATbyAllenParr

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/total%20depravity

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mb2mVBLQTh8

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_depravity#History

https://www.apuritansmind.com/tulip/ https://www.ligonier.org/learn/articles/tulip-and-reformed-theology-unconditional-election https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconditional_election https://credomag.com/article/the-first-main-point-of-doctrine-unconditional-election/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_atonement https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/friend/2016/09/why-is-the-saviors-atonement-important?lang=eng https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/2011/04/jesus-christ-atoned-for-our-sins?lang=eng https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/gospel-topics/atonement-of-jesus-christ?lang=eng

https://www.wordsoffaithhopelove.com/what-is-atonement-in-the-bible/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irresistible_grace

https://brill.com/view/journals/jrt/10/2/article-p103_2.xml#d6687552e165

https://www.ligonier.org/learn/articles/tulip-and-reformed-theology-perseverance-saints

https://www.gotquestions.org/perseverance-saints.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perseverance_of_the_saints

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvinism?fbclid=IwAR1KDp2OHqtO29Y_dRMEBMceuWZbVH-otyjw7H4IsA9T8XGqeJU7W54I8ys

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Q4Z66lF2CA&ab_channel=GotQuestionsMinistries

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Si Nowel Urbano Ramos ay isang guro mula sa Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology. Nagtapos siya ng Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in History sa taong 2004 mula sa New Era University sa Quezon City. Siya ay kilala bilang “coach” at “doc” dahil siya ay isang tagapagturo sa larong basketball at siya ay nag-aral muli at nakapagtapos ng programang Doctorate of Philosophy Major in Psychology sa paaralang Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology sa taong 2016.

Ang nasabing guro ay mula sa mabuting pamilya ngunit ito ay nakaranas ng kahirapan simula pagkabata. Namulat nang maaga si Nowel sa kahirapan ng buhay sapagkat sa murang edad ay naranasan niya maging kargador, waiter, service crew, ahente, model, drayber, at pati na rin ang pamamasukan ng labada upang kumita lang ng pera. Ngunit sa kabila ng lahat ng kahirapan, siya ay hindi nagpadala sa mga pagsubok upang manatili sa kung anong mayroon siya dahil ito ginawa niyang inspirasyon at determinasyon upang makapagtapos ng pag-aaral. Hindi naging madali ang naging karanasan niya noong siya ang isang estudyante pa lamang. Mula sa unang baitang hanggang sa pagtanda, palipat-lipat ng tahanan si Doc Nowel kaya naapektuhan ang kanyang lugar na pinag-aaralan. Ilan sa mga ito ay sa Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Quezon, at Pampanga.

Hindi mabilang ang karangalan ng guro sa tagal nitong pagtuturo sa industriya. Ilan sa itinuturing karangalan nito ay pagiging “Athlete of the Year”, “Most Promising Student Teacher” at ang kanyang iba pang mga programang natapos tulad ng Major of Arts and Psychology at iba pa. Nakikita rin ni Nowel Ramos bilang isang karangalan ang pagtatayo ng sariling negosyo. Nais niyang ipahiwatig sa mga kabataan ng sundin ang mga payo ng kanilang magulang dahil ang tatay niya ang kanyang inspirasyon at sinabi niyang “sundin ninyo ang inyong mga magulang dahil alam nila kung ano ang mas makakabuti sa kanilang mga anak”. Mahigit isang dekada nang nagtuturo si Nowel Ramos at hindi niya ipagpapalit ang kanyang propesyon para sa ibang hanapbuhay sapagkat mahal na mahal niya ang pagtuturo sa mga kabataan at ito ang kinikilala niyang simbolo ng kanyang tagumpay.

Ang larawan na nasa itaas ay patunay na sumailalim sa isang interview.

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Panukalang Proyekto

Isinulat ni: Lester Mendoza

[pretselll]

Philippine Airlines File for Bankruptcy — Sa gitna ng Pandemya

Ang Philippine Airlines (PAL) ay kasalukuyang nasa isang marubdob na katayuan. Ang patunay ay isang aplikasyon sa korte, na kung tawagin ay isang "Plano sa muling Pagsasaayos"o “Plan of Reorganization”, at ang aplikasyon ay nilagdaan sa pahintulot ng 92% ng mga nagpapautang ng kumpanya (PAL).

Ang pangunahing dahilan na itinuturing na kasalukuyang sitwasyon ng kumpanya ay ang Covid-19, isang pandemya na nagtulak sa pag-aatubili ng gobyerno na buksan ang mga flight nang tuluyan, pati na rin ang mga banta mula sa mga karibal tulad ng Cebu Pacific at AirAsia na tuluyan ang mga byahe panghimpapawid.

Ayon sa pagtataya ng estratehiya ng nakatatandang bise presidente ng Philippine Airlines na kinikilala bilang si Mr. Dexter Lee, ang hinaharap ay napakalayo pa rin. Tatagal ng kalahating dekada bago maabot ng Philippine Airlines ang sukat na higit sa tatlong bilyong dolyar. Hindi pa nakikita ng serbisyo na muling maibabalik ang sa taong 2024-2025 ang nakasanayang sitwasyon ng kumpanya.

Sa kabila ng lahat, nagpaabot ng paniniwala si Dr. Lucio C. Tan, ang pangunahing kasapi ng Philippines Airlines na muling makababangon ang korporasyong sa tulong at pagkakaisa ng pamunuan at manggagawa ng paliparan habang ito ay sumasailalim sa isang pagbabago sa kadahilanang layunin nitong maibalik ang paglilingkod nang matatag sa pinansyal na aspeto.

Isinulat ni Lester Mendoza mula sa 12-ABM-A