#...to see just how language intersects with history an all that. And with Dragalia having been well. Very Interstingly Written

[valeriefauxnom]

And the answer for this one is...

Well, all of them, kinda.

Let's go down the checklist, shall we?

Trains:

Of course, expressions like 'train of thought' or 'trains hard' I would disregard since those aren't referring to actual trains, but here we have a clear expression of the train as an object, furthermore with an understanding of the word 'caboose' as a part of a train. Interestingly, 'train of thought' predates the word train for the locomotive by a while since train also means stuff dragging other stuff behind it.

With all this being said, Notte is clearly using the notion of a locomotive in order to get her point across colorfully instead of any of the other umpteen meanings it has taken! And I doubt trains are about.

Radio:

This one's a bit more cut-and-dry than the train. Stay tuned as a phrase hails back to the Era of Radio/TV, as in 'stay tuned to this channel'! Ergo, Emile is using a phrase that unambiguously refers to the existence and operation of a radio or television. Neither of which I think exist in Dragalia, otherwise you know the siblings would have it and use it to yell at each other every so often and form sneaky deals, so on and so forth. Several plot points (heck, even characters, see Noelle) also depend around the slower travel time of information than more instant forms of communication, so that's another strike against radio's existence.

Guns:

Notte is using guns to mean muscle here, but since it ultimately ties to baseball (and a time where guns have existed for a long time) I will use this to first demonstrate that the word 'gun' exists in Dragalia instead of trying to claim that this is solid enough evidence to make my claim...

However, that's not the only evidence we have. Gala Ranzal says:

Here we see a direct connection for 'guns' being a weaponry/strength/tool.

If we're willing to accept slightly more meta things, though, my definitive argument for this one is in this description, however:

Most weapon descriptions do the standard dodging about around 'caster' and 'manacaster' as the characters do, which to me adds some level of credence that they tried to keep things 'in-universe-compliant' in the weapons. Thus, using 'gun' once is a technical affirmation that the word exists, however silly.

As a last note, 'sons of guns' is also used, so make of you will of the storied etymology of that one!

A bunch of 19th century angry English peasants who didn't like industrialization:

We get this fun little unintentional history from Kleimann insulting Euden:

'Luddite' has its meaning in just that, a bunch of 19th century angry peasants who were fearful of what would happen to their livelihood and the quality of items with the increasing automation of industrialization. They attacked and destroyed machinery to this end. While it has later morphed into a general term to describe those opposed to progress, science, new machinery, etc, it as a word is unable to be separated from this very specific group!

Pressure cookers:

Now this one is my sneakiest one yet. I'm sorry.

Because, the pressure cooker actually still exists in modern-day Dragalia. Emphasis on 'cooker', though, not cookers. That's right, there's a singular pressure cooker in the world, and it is a family heirloom.

So, technically, a pressure cooker is not only implied but outright exists in Dragalia! Only one, though...

A fancy hotel in New York:

'Putting on the ritz' refers to the Ritz-Carlton hotel, a fancy hotel in, well, New York. Their business eventually inspired this phrase when others dress fancy/expensively, like the Ritz hotel chain. While it is not the first Ritz-Carlton, it was the one to spawn the English phrase 'putting on the ritz', so Curran's usage of this phrase indicates the specific New York Ritz-Carlton hotel.

Alexander Pope's 1727 hit essay 'Peri Bathous, Or the Art of Sinking in Poetry':

Another case of a specific word choice indicating a very specific concept like 'Luddite' above did. 'Bathetic' is not, in fact, a typo here for 'pathetic'. Instead:

Very helpful. What's bathos?

How did the word 'bathos' enter the English language? Well, long, story short,

That being said, I'm surprised anyone on the translation writing team even knows this term- I sure didn't when I came across it! I suppose it goes to show that at least some of them were likely writers or otherwise well-schooled in literature!