#CitricAcidCycle...

[biologist4ever]

The Krebs cycle (also called the Citric Acid Cycle) is one of the most crucial biochemical pathways in our cells. Taking place in the mitochondria, this cycle plays a key role in breaking down fuel molecules to generate ATP—the energy currency of life!

[edgythoughts]

How Do Enzymes Control Metabolism 2025

How Do Enzymes Control Metabolism 2025

Enzymes are the unsung heroes of metabolism—tiny biological catalysts that drive every chemical reaction in the body with precision and efficiency. Without them, life as we know it wouldn’t exist. In 2025, our understanding of enzymes and their control over metabolic processes has deepened through advances in biotechnology, genetics, and molecular medicine. Book-Level Explanation (University Standard) Metabolism refers to all chemical reactions that occur within living organisms to maintain life. These reactions are divided into two categories: - Catabolism – the breakdown of molecules to release energy - Anabolism – the synthesis of compounds needed by cells Enzymes are biological catalysts—mostly proteins—that speed up metabolic reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. They are highly specific to substrates and operate under optimal pH and temperature conditions. 1. Enzyme Structure and Function Each enzyme has an active site that binds to a specific substrate. This interaction forms an enzyme-substrate complex, which then undergoes transformation into a product. After the reaction, the enzyme remains unchanged and ready to catalyze another reaction. 2. How Enzymes Regulate Metabolism Enzymes control metabolism through various mechanisms: - Allosteric Regulation: Enzymes can have binding sites other than the active site called allosteric sites. When molecules bind here, they can enhance or inhibit enzyme activity, thereby controlling the metabolic rate. - Feedback Inhibition: This is a classic metabolic control mechanism. When the end product of a metabolic pathway accumulates, it can inhibit an enzyme involved earlier in the pathway, thereby slowing or halting the reaction chain. - Cofactors and Coenzymes: Many enzymes require non-protein molecules to function. These can be metal ions (cofactors) or organic molecules like vitamins (coenzymes). - Gene Expression: The synthesis of enzymes can be regulated at the transcriptional or translational level, determining how much of an enzyme is present in a cell at a given time. - Compartmentalization: In eukaryotic cells, different enzymes are localized in specific organelles (e.g., mitochondria, lysosomes), which keeps reactions organized and tightly controlled. 3. Enzymes and Metabolic Pathways Metabolic reactions occur in sequences called pathways. Each step is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. For instance: - Glycolysis: The breakdown of glucose involves 10 enzyme-catalyzed steps. - Krebs Cycle: In the mitochondria, this cycle processes products of glycolysis to generate ATP. Key regulatory enzymes in these pathways determine the rate and direction of metabolism. 4. Enzyme Kinetics Michaelis-Menten kinetics describe how enzyme activity depends on substrate concentration: v = frac{{V_{text{max}}}}{{K_m + }} Where: - = rate of reaction - = maximum rate - = substrate concentration - = substrate concentration at which reaction rate is half of Changes in these parameters help explain how drugs, mutations, or inhibitors affect metabolic control.

Easy Explanation (Simple and Clear) Think of metabolism like a factory. In this factory, you have many assembly lines working at once—some build things (anabolism), and others take things apart (catabolism) to get energy. Now, who’s doing all the work? That’s right—enzymes! Here’s the simple idea: - Enzymes are like smart workers or machines in your body’s factory. - Each enzyme does one job—very quickly and very accurately. - If an enzyme isn't working right, the whole system slows down or stops. How do they help? - They make reactions go faster. Imagine needing to break a log—it would take hours by hand. But if you had an axe (the enzyme), it would be quick and easy. - Enzymes choose what happens and when. They only work on specific jobs and ignore everything else. - Some enzymes turn "on" or "off" depending on what the body needs, just like machines that only run when needed. Real-life example: When you eat, enzymes in your saliva, stomach, and intestines break down food into sugars, amino acids, and fats. Then, other enzymes help turn those nutrients into energy for your muscles, brain, and everything else. Scientific Developments in 2025 Modern research uses AI-based modeling to understand enzyme function and predict metabolic disorders. Synthetic biology now allows scientists to engineer enzymes with altered functions for industrial and medical applications. CRISPR-based tools also enable precise regulation of enzyme production, offering new treatments for metabolic diseases. Final Thoughts Enzymes are the master regulators of life’s chemistry. They control metabolism by determining which reactions happen, how fast they occur, and when they stop. As we move further into the molecular era of medicine and biotechnology, understanding how enzymes control metabolism will become increasingly crucial to solving diseases and optimizing health. External Reference Link: For a deeper understanding, visit the Wikipedia page on enzymes: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme Internal Blog Recommendations from EdgyThoughts.com: - Why Do Cells Age and Die 2025 https://edgythoughts.com/why-do-cells-age-and-die-2025 - How Does Dopamine Influence Motivation 2025 https://edgythoughts.com/how-does-dopamine-influence-motivation-2025 Disclaimer: The simplified explanation above is designed to help you understand the concept clearly. However, for exams or academic submissions, always rely on the full, textbook-level content. We aim to help you learn, not to provide shortcuts that could impact your scores. Read the full article

[riitu]

Learning video on kreb cycle coming soon on YouTube. Check this space for more. The cycle is important for short ans,long ans questions. Also important for entrances. Clinically very important as it generates ATP #krebscycle #tcacycle #citricacidcycle #oxaloacetate #biochemistry #biochem #firstmbbs #pgentrance #neetpg #neetpgpreparation #neet #mdbiochemist #mdbiochemistry #mbbsmd #science #class12chemistry #metabolism #bsc #MSc https://www.instagram.com/p/CEyaXHRnq7K/?igshid=11hhgyvk6x1c6

[supereasypeasy]

Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle/Kreb Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle

https://youtu.be/dRYbNQmv5uI

#citricacidcycle #krebs #biochemistry #biology #Cellular #respiration

[higutty]

骨まで柔らかいサンマの梅生姜煮 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 青魚に多く含まれるω3(n-3)系不飽和脂肪酸、 DHAとEPA 食事の目安は一週間に4〜5回、 青魚を食べるほど良いそうです。 その際、大根おろしやワサビ醤油を添える和食、ω3(n-3)系のαリノレン酸を多く含む菜種油やオリーブ油と一緒に調理する地中海近辺の調理方法は、脂質代謝を上げながらさらに美味しく食べられます。 オイルサーディンや、塩漬けした青魚も 料理のレパートリーを増やす助けになります。 今回は、砂糖、酒、みりんは使いません。 (日持ちしないですが美味しくできたと思います) 圧力鍋を使わなくても、骨まで柔らかくなります。 ポイントは、極弱火で延べ３時間ほど煮込むだけ。 身はしっとり脂もトロトロ、 美味しく出来上がります。 落し蓋と、途中で魚の向きを変えるのを忘れずに。 調味料や火加減を変えると 油煮(コンフィ)やアクアパッツァになります。 昔ながらの和食やイタリアンは、 頭もスッキリして健康寿命が長くなるようです。 Boiled plum ginger of soft saury to bone _____________________ Ω 3 (n - 3) unsaturated fatty acid contained in blue fish, DHA and EPA have received attention, many research results have been reported.   The standard of meal is 4-5 times a week, it seems to be good enough to eat blue fish.   As you all know, the freshness of blue fish is easy to fall, so oxidation of grease is also anxious.   If you get a fresh blue fish, It is recommended to eat raw as much as possible.   At that time, the cooking method in the mediterranean around cooking with rapeseed oil and olive oil rich in ω3 (n - 3) series α - linolenic acid, with the Japanese radish and Wasabi soy sauce, you can eat more delicious while raising lipid metabolism .   Oil sardine and salted blue fish, It will help to increase the repertoire of dishes.   This time, without using sugar, Umeboshi, ginger, wooden barrel soy sauce, with sea salt and tasty water alone we tried cooking saury 's plum ginger stew.   Even without using pressure cooker, it gets soft to the bone. Just stew the point for 3 hours at the extremely low heat.   Because it passes fire at low temperature for a long time, fish body is moist and fatty, bones are soft and delicious.   Do not forget to change the direction of the fish along the falling lid.   Avoid preservatives and sugar as much as possible.   Because it is dangerous, do not leave the kitchen, While speaking family or reading some books. Please challenge.   Old Japanese food and Italian, It seems that the head is also refreshing and the healthy life expectancy becomes long. #体と心の自然循環 #青魚 #DHA #EPA #クエン酸回路 #japanese #food #mind #delicious #fun #citricacidcycle

[rahach]

اسید سیتریک خشک چین

https://www.rahach.com/?p=2087 اسید سیتریک خشک چین ---------------------------------------- ☎️: 02166569720 🌐: https://www.rahach.com/?p=2087 ----------------------------------------- #citricacid #citricacidbulkbarn #citricacidcycle #citricacidformula #citricacidph #citricacidpowder #citricacidsuperstore #citricaciduses #citricacidwalmart #citricacidwheretobuy #آنالیزاسیدسیتریکخشک #اسیدسیتریکچیست #اسیدسیتریکخشک #اسیدسیتریکخشکخوراکی #اسیدسیتریکخشکفاین #اسیدسیتریکخشکقیمت #اسیدسیتریکخشکوآبدار #اسیدسیتریکخوراکیچیست #اسیدسیتریکدرجدولانه #اسیدسیتریکصنعتی #اسیدسیتریکفروش #اسیدسیتریکقیمت #اسیدسیتریککاربرد #اسیدسیتریکمضرات #تفاوتاسیدسیتریکخشکوآبدار #خریداسیدسیتریکخشک #رهاشیمی #سیتریکاسیدچرخه #فروشاسیدسیتریکخشک #کاربرداسیدسیتریکخشک #موادشیمیایی #موادشیمیاییآلی #موادشیمیاییاصفهان #موادشیمیاییپرمصرف #موادشیمیاییخطرناک #موادشیمیاییسرطانزا #موادشیمیاییصنعتی #موادشیمیاییمرک #موادشیمیاییمضر #موادشیمیاییمغز #پودرها #صنعتی-دارویی

[riitu]

Citric acid cycle explained with its regulation All MCQ for neet covered in this video. For full video check the link Citric acid cycle,Krebs cycle, TCA Cycle,Tricarboxylic acid cycle https://youtu.be/NfYxs9wrkT0 #krebscycle #tcacycle #tricarboxylicacidcycle #citricacidcycle #biochemistry #firstmbbs #firstbds #mbbs #neetpg #neet #biochemist #science #class12chemistry #chemistry #metabolisms #metaboliccycle #bsc#msc #oxaloacetate #atp #energy https://www.instagram.com/p/CEzQTouHVCn/?igshid=1se1v64hsdwd9

[ao3feed-assassinscreed]

【乙女向】关系

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by Citricacidcycle

作为在小镇的常驻人员，我在森林里遇到了一头大狼，右眼的一道疤痕让我印象很深刻，第二天清早，我迎来了一位客人……

Words: 2315, Chapters: 1/1, Language: 中文

Fandoms: Assassin's Creed - All Media Types

Rating: Not Rated

Warnings: Creator Chose Not To Use Archive Warnings

Categories: F/M

Relationships: Shay Cormac/Reader, Shay Cormac/Original Female Character(s)

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[ao3feed-assassinscreed]

【乙女向】失语

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by Citricacidcycle

Words: 3018, Chapters: 1/?, Language: 中文

Fandoms: Assassin's Creed - All Media Types

Rating: Not Rated

Warnings: Creator Chose Not To Use Archive Warnings

Categories: F/M

Relationships: Shay Cormac/Reader, Shay Cormac/Original Female Character(s)

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[ao3feed-assassinscreed]

【乙女向】小段子堆积处

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by Citricacidcycle

Words: 3431, Chapters: 4/?, Language: 中文

Fandoms: Assassin's Creed - All Media Types

Rating: Not Rated

Warnings: Creator Chose Not To Use Archive Warnings

Categories: F/M

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[ao3feed-assassinscreed]

离婚

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by Citricacidcycle

我在20岁时，想逃离我的原生家庭嫁给了谢伊，他的确是个称职的丈夫，他小心翼翼照顾我破碎的内心，像对待易碎品似的给予我他攒的几辈子的温柔，而最后我选择离婚。

Words: 3216, Chapters: 1/1, Language: 中文

Fandoms: Assassin's Creed - All Media Types

Rating: Not Rated

Warnings: Creator Chose Not To Use Archive Warnings

Categories: F/M

Characters: Shay Cormac

Relationships: Shay Cormac/Reader, Shay Cormac/Original Female Character(s)

read it on the AO3 at https://ift.tt/2Ygjkxb