#Programmable Signal Conditioners Market

[electronalytics]

Programmable Signal Conditioners Market

[skyfallights]

India Electromechanical Components Industry: Transforming the Nation’s Manufacturing and Mobility Landscape

The India Electromechanical Components Industry is undergoing a technological renaissance, driven by the rise of smart manufacturing, electric mobility, and connected consumer devices. Valued at USD 4.7 billion in 2024, the industry is forecast to reach USD 10.2 billion by 2032, expanding at a strong CAGR of 10.3%. With increasing investments in electronics production and rising domestic demand, India is quickly becoming a strategic hub for electromechanical innovation.

These components, which include switches, motors, relays, and connectors, are the backbone of digital automation across industries — from automotive and telecom to energy and consumer appliances.

Industry Overview

Electromechanical components serve as essential links between electrical signals and mechanical movement. They perform key control, sensing, and actuation roles in both simple and complex systems.

In India, the industry is expanding in sync with government-backed initiatives like Make in India, PLI schemes, and smart city missions. The increase in localized manufacturing of EVs, smartphones, and industrial equipment is significantly boosting the demand for electromechanical components across sectors.

Market Share Insights

Automotive and EV Sector

The automotive segment commands a significant market share, with a surge in electric vehicle adoption and advanced electronics integration. Components like electric actuators, rotary switches, and control relays are essential in modern EVs for battery management, motor control, and safety systems.

Industrial Automation

India’s push for smart factories has placed automation at the forefront, accounting for a notable share of component consumption. Manufacturing industries now heavily rely on motors, sensors, and programmable relays to improve precision and productivity.

Consumer Electronics

This segment holds a large share in volume due to mass production of devices like washing machines, air conditioners, smart TVs, and smartphones. As consumers demand compact, smart, and energy-efficient appliances, manufacturers are sourcing advanced micro-switches, connectors, and motors.

Energy & Utilities

The smart grid and renewable energy initiatives are also expanding the market share of electromechanical components used in power transmission, control systems, and renewable integration units.

India Electromechanical Components Market Growth Drivers

1. Make in India and Localization Efforts

Government-backed initiatives are encouraging global companies to set up local production facilities, ensuring faster availability and reduced import dependency.

2. Rise in Electronics Exports

India’s role as an electronics exporter is growing. With favorable tax policies and infrastructure support, components used in exported goods are also contributing to market growth.

3. Surge in Electric Mobility

The EV revolution is one of the most significant growth drivers, with every electric vehicle containing multiple electromechanical parts in its powertrain, dashboard systems, and safety modules.

4. Smart Cities and IoT Proliferation

From intelligent lighting to automated waste systems, smart cities rely on thousands of integrated sensors and electromechanical relays, driving exponential growth.

5. Growth in Industrial Robotics

Automated assembly lines and robotic systems — especially in automotive and electronics — are key contributors to component demand and industrial modernization.

Competitive Landscape

Key players dominating the India Electromechanical Components Industry include:

ABB India

Schneider Electric

Honeywell Automation

Panasonic Life Solutions

TE Connectivity

Omron Automation

EPCOS India (TDK Group)

Havells India Ltd.

Delta Electronics

Molex India Pvt. Ltd.

These companies are investing in R&D, increasing production capacity, and forming OEM partnerships to cater to the growing local and global demand.

Opportunities and Challenges

Opportunities

Custom component design for EVs and industrial use

Component export to Middle East, Africa, and ASEAN regions

Strong demand from emerging sectors like medtech and IoT devices

Challenges

Supply chain complexity for precision materials

High competition in low-cost segments

Dependence on imports for certain high-spec components

Conclusion

The India Electromechanical Components Industry is on a high-growth trajectory fueled by automation, smart infrastructure, and digital transformation. The increasing India Electromechanical Components Market Share in global supply chains showcases India’s growing capabilities and manufacturing potential. Companies that invest in localization, customization, and sustainable production will be best positioned to capitalize on this rapidly evolving market.

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[delvenservices]

Industrial Controls Market – Trends Forecast Till 2030

Industrial Controls Market analysis report figures out market landscape, brand awareness, latest trends, possible future issues, industry trends and customer behaviour so that the business can stand high in the crowd. It includes extensive research on the current conditions of the industry, potential of the market in the present and the future prospects from various angles. This Industrial Controls Market report comprises of data that can be pretty essential when it comes to dominating the market or making a mark in the Semiconductors & Electronics industry as a new emergent. To bestow clients with the best results, Industrial Controls Market research report is produced by using integrated approaches and latest technology.

Download Free Sample Report at: https://www.delvens.com/get-free-sample/industrial-controls-market

Industrial Controls Market by Type (Distributed Control System, Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition System, Manufacturing Execution System, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Human Machine Interface (HMI) and Others), Component (Modular Terminal Blocks, Relays & Optocouplers, Surge Protectors, Marking Systems, Printing, Ferulles Cable Lugs, Handtools, Testers, Enclosure Products, PCB Connectors & Terminals, Heavy Duty Connectors, Analog Signal Conditioner, Electronic Housings, Power Supplies, Industrial Ethernet, and Remote IO), Application and End User (Automotive, Utility, Electronics & Semiconductors, Oil and Gas, Chemical and Petrochemical, Power, Life Sciences, Food and Beverage and Mining), and region (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East and Africa and South America), global opportunity analysis and Industry Forecast, 2023-2030. The global Industrial Controls market size was estimated at USD 140 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 239.9354 billion in 2030 at a CAGR of 8% during the forecast period 2023-2030.

Industrial Controls Market Competitive Landscape:

ABB Ltd.

Emerson Electric Corporation

Honeywell International Incorporation

Kawasaki Robotics control system

Mitsubishi Electric Factory Automation

Omron Corporation

Rockwell Automation Inc.

Siemens AG

Schneider Electric SA

Yokogawa Electric Corporation

Endress+Hauser AG

General Electric

GLC Controls Inc.

Industrial Controls Market Recent Developments:

In July 2022, IBM acquired Databand.ai, a leading provider of data observability software that helps organizations fix issues with their data, including errors, pipeline failures, and poor quality, before it impacts their bottom line.

In July 2022, Sap acquired Askdata to strengthen its ability to help organizations take better-informed decisions by leveraging AI-driven natural language searches. Users are empowered to search, interact, and collaborate on live data to maximize business insights.

Make an Inquiry Before Buying at: https://www.delvens.com/Inquire-before-buying/industrial-controls-market

Industrial controls systems refer to various automation devices, machines and equipment used in industry. They are developed to better control and monitor industrial processes and automate tasks to increase efficiency and reliability while improving quality. These systems include a variety of controls systems such as supervisory control and data acquisition or SCADA, programmable logic controllers or PLCs, and distributed controls systems or DCS.

They can help automate processes, critical infrastructure or remote monitoring and management. They also help collect data from remote devices, monitor the operation of distributed factories, and perform automated electromechanical processes. Rapid adoption of cloud-based services and growing automation trends in industry are important factors for the global industry. Market dominance. Automation helps industries achieve better accuracy and quality while reducing costs.

Growth is driven by the demand for intelligent controls systems and automation in various industries, mass production in industry and the adoption of industrial controls systems in various end-uses such as automotive and mining, as well as increasing R&D investments. in the industrial control market. However, increasing cyber-attacks, lack of authentication procedures, lack of experienced professionals and awareness of industrial security solutions are restraining the growth of the industrial controls market. In addition, the deployment of a smart grid to protect critical infrastructure against cyber-attacks and cloud computing for industrial controls systems creates lucrative opportunities for the industrial surveillance market.

Scope of the Industrial Controls Market Report:

The Industrial Controls Market is segmented into various segments such as type, component, End user and region:

Based on type

Distributed control system (DCS)

Supervisory control & data acquisition system (SCADA)

Manufacturing execution system (MES)

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Human Machine Interface (HMI)

Others

Based on the component

Modular terminal blocks

Relays & optocouplers

Surge protectors

Marking systems

Printing

Ferulles cable lugs

Handtools

Testers

Enclosure products

PCB connectors and terminals

Heavy duty connectors

Analog signal conditioner

Electronic housings

Power supplies

Industrial ethernet

Remote IO

Based on the End user

Automotive

Utility

Electronics & semiconductors

Mining

Oil and Gas

Chemical and Petrochemical

Power

Life Sciences

Food and Beverage

Others

Based on Application

Automotive

Pharmaceutical

Oil & Gas

Electrical Power

Others

Based on Network

Fieldbus

Communication Router

Firewall

MODEMS

Remote Access Points

Based on region

Asia Pacific

North America

Europe

South America

Middle East & Africa

Industrial Controls Market Regional Analysis:

North America to Dominate the Market

North America is on the brink of the fourth industrial revolution. The data generated is  used  for high-volume production, while  the data is integrated into various production systems throughout the supply chain.  The region is also one of the world's largest automotive markets, with more than 13 major automotive manufacturers operating. The automobile industry was one of the largest income generators in the region. Due to significant adoption of industrial control systems and automation technologies in the automotive industry, the region offers a huge opportunity for market growth.

Several key vendors operating in the country are launching new upgrades to support the growth of smart factories along with the development of industrial control systems. Such technological development indicates regional growth in the studied market.

Direct Purchase of the Industrial Controls Market Research Report at: https://www.delvens.com/checkout/industrial-controls-market

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[8051developmentboard]

8051 Development Board

In product-development, design and prototyping are one of the most critical phases and important parameters for any product’s success.  To avoid wastage of time and money, ready-made 8051 Development Board platforms should be considered. It helps to save time which in turn help reduce time-to-market to a great extent and also greatly enhance the product’s success.

Microcontroller boards are especially vital for first-of-a-kind products and companies that are putting great efforts to reduce wastage in costs and time.

WHAT’S A MICRO-CONTROLLER?

It’s a small computer on a single integrated circuit that sends signals to the devices it controls and retains and takes inputs from them. A good example is that of a TV’s microcontroller which takes input from a remote control and later delivers output on the TV screen. At times, it is also described as a specific type of microprocessor or type of integrated circuit (IC) or ‘Chip’ used in devices which incorporates electronic circuitry.

A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs along with memory and programmable input / output peripherals, making it ideal for embedded applications

WHAT’S A MICRO-CONTROLLER BOARD?

It’s a printed circuit board (PCB) comprising of circuitry and hardware designed to facilitate experimentation and working of certain microcontroller board features. Combined with a whole lot of elements like processor; memory; chipset and on-board peripherals like LCD, keypad, USB, serial-port, Motor Driver ICs, Ethernet, etc, with debugging features, a 8051 Development Board helps to avoid the danger of messing around with connections with jumper-wires and the board.

WHERE ALL MICROCONTROLLER BOARD IS USED?

Microcontroller boards are embedded in:

 Household products like dishwashers, washing machines, refrigerators, radios, TVs, air-conditioners, etc.

·         Peripherals for computer systems.

·         Portable devices which run on batteries like digital cameras, etc.

·         Office machines like scanners, fax machines, printers, photocopiers, etc.

·         Smart devices like ATMs, smart meters, security systems, etc.

·         Medical devices regulating the operations of an artificial heart, kidney or other organ, and also in the functioning of prosthetic devices

In addition, microcontroller boards are extensively embedded in automobiles, telephones, robotics, building automation, smart energy, industrial automation, internet of things deployment, and most electronic products, speeding up processing tasks and ensuring smooth flawless working.

WHAT BENEFITS DOES MICROCONTROLLER BOARD OFFER?

·Facilitates the smooth operation of electromechanical systems found in everyday convenience items like microwave ovens, toasters, mobile devices, refrigerators, video games, televisions, lawn-mover systems, etc.

·         Makes experimentation and general prototyping much easier.

·         Eliminates the need for a lot of repetitive tasks.

·         Is Less expensive and uses less power.

BUYING A MICROCONTROLLER BOARD

 When buying a microcontroller board, factor in the following:

·         Maximum speed.

·         Amount of RAM or ROM.

·         Number or types of I/O pins on an MCU.

·         Power-consumption and constraints.

In addition, you also need to factor in its cost, time-to-market and product quality, and above all, development support.

[sciforce]

Embedded programming in the Internet of Things

Embedded programming has a long history of making devices do what people need. However, it remains outshined by application programming: when application programmers were embracing high-level object-oriented languages like C++ or Java, or graphical application development environments like MATLAB, embedded programmers were only moving from assembly language to C. Besides, they were always outnumbered by app programmers — simply because now even hobbyists can develop an app using an easy language and upload it to cloud, while embedded programmers need to have profound knowledge of the hardware platform.

With the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), the balance can finally change. Now that every thermostat, toaster, watch, and light bulb is equipped with a processor, the market needs more embedded programmers to program these devices, and consequently more simpler tools to allow the programmers to write code without plunging into the hardware.

But first!

What is embedded programming?

According to Technopedia, embedded programming is a specific type of programming that supports the creation of consumer facing or business facing devices that don’t operate on traditional operating systems the way that full-scale laptop computers and mobile devices do. The idea of embedded programming is part of what drives the evolution of the digital appliances and equipment in today’s IT markets.

If explained in simpler words, embedded programming is designing software for small computers that drive devices; essentially, it is the dominant methodology for microcontroller and microcomputer programming used in small facilities-handling devices like thermostats, handheld games or other small devices.

Embedded programming and IoT

From the engineering perspective, the Internet of Things is an embedded microprocessor controlled system connected directly or indirectly to the web. The three pillars of the IoT are therefore embedded programming, network technology and information technology. The embedded system of a device collects data from a sensor and sends it to the cloud using a wifi module — basically, it means that you can turn your embedded device into an IoT device by simply giving it Internet access.

The IoT is everywhere, and so are embedded devices:

Industrial world, such as industrial machinery and control, temperature monitoring, or cognitive anomaly detection — the recent challenges of embedded systems turned them towards automation.

Healthcare, including blood pressure monitors, heartbeat monitors, and pacemakers.

Aerospace and Defense with such applications as flight control systems, actuation, air and thermal management, engine power control and many others.

Smart Homes, including Home Security system, Setup Box, Digital Camera, Television, Microwave Oven, Air Conditioner, Refrigerator and much more.

Embedded systems

Once I’ve read the saying that every complex system in the world can be reduced to two ideas: software and hardware. An embedded system is not an exception: to understand how embedded programming works, we need to understand its hardware and software parts.

Embedded Hardware

The embedded development board is divided into five modules: Processor, Memory, Input devices, Output devices and Bus controllers.

Hardware Components of an Embedded System

Processor

Embedded processors can be broken into two categories: ordinary microprocessors that use separate integrated circuits for memory and peripherals, and microcontrollers that have on-chip peripherals, reducing power consumption, size and cost. Some of the examples of microprocessors include:

Microcontroller (CPU) is an intelligent device that computes the tasks assigned by the user and is used to build small applications with precise calculation.

System on Chip (SoC) comprises a CPU, Peripheral devices (Timers, counters), Communication interfaces (I²C, SPI, UART), and Power Management Circuits on a single IC.

ASIC processor (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) is designed for use for a particular application and owned by a single company.

DSP processor removes the noise and improves signal quality in Audio and Video Applications.

Memory

Data storage and memory management require EEPROM. Some examples of the memories used in embedded systems include Non-Volatile RAM, Volatile RAM, DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), etc.

Input Devices

Input devices, such as sensors, switches, photodiode, optocouplers, etc., take input from the outside world accepting input from the user and responding accordingly.

Output Devices

Output devices, including LCD, LED, seven segment displays, buzzers and relays, are indications or results of input events from outside the microcontroller.

Bus controllers

The bus controller is a communication device that transfers data between the components inside an embedded system. The most widely-spread bus controllers are serial buses (I2C, SPI, SMBus etc.), RS232, RS485 and universal serial bus.

Embedded Software

Embedded software, sometimes called firmware, is written for the device drivers, operating system, and applications, as well as for error handling and debugging.

Software Components of an Embedded System

Device Driver

A device driver is a piece of embedded code written for a particular hardware.

Operating System (OS)

Embedded systems have a range of operating systems, including RTOS (Real-time operating systems), mobile embedded, stand-alone and network embedded systems.

Most of the embedded software is now written in two languages, C and C++. There is not much difference between C and C++ in terms of syntax. However, C++ has some additional features, like enhanced security and closeness to real-world applications, while C is considered to be more reliable and showing better performance and directly interacting with the hardware.

Key steps to create an embedded product

Now, knowing the theory, we can prepare ourselves to try embedded programming.

Probably, the best way to start writing software that would directly affect physical objects is to explore such embedded platforms as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or Particle.

To develop a viable product you should take the following steps:

Step 1. Learn C or C++

And this is where many (me included) stop. However, if you want to write embedded software, you have to learn C/C++ (and maybe eventually Rust).

Step 2. Learn Some Basic Electronics

At least to the extent that you understand what voltage, current, power, resistance, and ohms law are.

Step 3. Get the Basic Equipment

Embedded programmers actually interact with the physical world, so such things as soldering iron, Digital Multi-Meter (DMM), and a hardware debugger/ JTAG adapter (such as an ST-Link, or OLMEX adapter) or a Logic Analyzer would be of help.

Step 4. Choose a Microcontroller and Toolchain

To make your program run, you’ll need a microcontroller to actually run it, a compiler that would compile it for the microcontroller, and other tools to load the program onto your hardware. An example of the compbination of mictocontrollers with a toolchain is the STM32 microcontrollers that are supported by the arm-gcc along with openOCD toolchain.

Step 5. Understand the Datasheets

Before actually sitting down to write the first line of your code, you need to understand the (end user) specifications.

Step 6: Examine the components

Analyze and pick up the components (software and hardware) required to make the product.

Step 7: Design a product

Designing is always the most critical phase of any development cycle. The peculiarity of the embedded programming is that you have to develop the hardware and software parts individually and integrate both.

Step 8: Develop a prototype

A prototype is a sample version created to test the concept which is developed according to the specifications using the selected hardware and software tool.

Step 9: Test the application

Now that the prototype it is possible to run test cases to prove the possible potential of the application.

Step 10: Deploy the application

After testing the application, the result is checked in a real environment to realize the Proof Of Concept — a technique used to validate an idea.

Step 11: Support and Upgrade

If needed, you should be ready to provide support and upgrade the application with new features.

Eleven steps to create an embedded product

And now you are ready to start changing the world — for example, but creating a smart Lego city!

[inerginc]

GTM Smart Grid http://ift.tt/2eJlQnQ

Gulf Power’s residential demand response program may be 20+ years old, but that doesn’t mean it hasn’t kept up with the times. In fact, last summer it was tapped twice to do something it wasn’t even designed for -- to help the utility’s distribution grid operators avoid blackouts or equipment overloads on a specific feeder. 

Here’s how Caroline Stickel, team leader at Gulf Power’s Energy Select program, described it in an interview at the Itron Utility Week conference in Houston this week. Twice last summer, her group got calls from Gulf Power’s distribution operations team, asking for immediate load reduction on a specific circuit, adjacent to another that needed to be taken out of action. 

Energy Select doesn’t usually dispatch its customers in this pinpoint fashion -- like most residential demand response, it’s typically used at a systemwide level. But over the years, it has tapped continuing waves of technology to communicate with its customers, from cellular-connected free programmable thermostats and load switches starting in 2000, to customer broadband-linked Wi-Fi thermostats and smartphones starting around 2011. 

Meanwhile, Gulf Power, along with its other Southern Company subsidiaries, had rolled out smart meters to its customers, allowing distribution grid operators to link Energy Select customer accounts with specific points on their geographic and grid software models. That came in handy last summer, when it sent out emergency price signals to several hundred customers it knew were served by the problem circuit. 

All but a handful of homes responded, between “immediately” and within half an hour, she said. A typical peak price event drives about 2.5 kilowatts of load reduction per customer, or anywhere between half and three-quarters of a megawatt in aggregate. That’s not much compared to what it gets out of its nearly 19,000 customers across the system. But in that moment, it was enough to avoid a blackout for many thousands of customers, as well as the risk of equipment blowing up. 

The demand-response-as-grid-asset business case, from Pensacola to Poughkeepsie 

Locational demand response is the term for this kind of pinpoint demand-side energy management trick, although lately it’s been going by the name of non-wires alternative (NWA). Beyond the fun of using the name of a seminal gangster rap group in a grid context, the term has caught on largely because it’s what New York is calling its first-of-a-kind projects to defer billions of dollars of infrastructure investments with distributed energy resources. 

The link between Gulf Power’s experience and New York’s Reforming the Energy Vision (REV) initiative comes via Comverge. Gulf Power started its 20-plus year partnership on residential demand response with a company called Scientific Atlanta, one of the two corporate divisions (the other from Lucent) that would eventually form Comverge. The company went public in 2007, but agreed to a buyout by private equity firm H.I.G. Capital in 2012 that reflected broader challenges in residential and commercial and industrial (C&I) demand response markets. 

H.I.G. then built a deal in 2014 to combine Comverge's C&I operations with Constellation Energy's CPower, itself created out of a former Comverge business line, and leave the residential and small business side exclusively to Converge. The company started to win big contracts, including a large-scale pilot project with New York utility Central Hudson Gas & Electric in 2015, to build a NWA to help avoid some major grid upgrades to maintain grid reliability for a region with about 50,000 customers. 

In May, Comverge was acquired by Itron, making its projects part of Itron’s smart meter and grid networking portfolio, and Evan Pittman part of Itron’s Distributed Energy Management business development and strategy team. While an associate director of corporate strategy at Comverge, he worked with Central Hudson for some time on finding the right combination of residential and C&I load to accomplish a demand-side alternative to upgrading a substation, reconductoring a feeder, or making an upgrade to an interconnected transmission line, each an expensive proposition. 

The utility isn’t saying just how much these capital improvements might cost -- that’s one of the figures it’s been permitted to keep confidential, he said during a Monday lunch session with reporters at Itron Utility Week. But he did say that, of the 16 megawatts of responsive load targeted for the program, “we’re about halfway there” -- an increase form the 5.9 megawatts of load it reported in April. 

On the cost side of the program, Central Hudson’s Peak Perks offers customers an $85 check, plus $50 or so paid out in annual bill benefits, along with free Wi-Fi thermostats (up to two) or a pool pump load switch. That’s a pretty hefty incentive, and has helped it reach greater than 30 percent customer participation rate in its targeted areas within six months, rather than the more typical three years or so. Simple Energy, which runs the utility’s CenHub platform, has also played a part in keeping customers engaged. 

But Comverge/Itron is aiming to capture an even greater share of customers, approaching 50 percent, in certain regions, Pittman said. That’s because it’s being asked to squeeze a lot more load per household, business, factory and farm than most demand response programs -- nearly 10 percent of the targeted region’s peak demand, compared to 1 to 2 percent share of peak load contributed by a typical demand response portfolio. 

At the same time, “our incentives are perfectly aligned,” he said. Any savings to come from the difference between paying for the program and its still-confidential deferred capital costs will be shared, with 30 percent going to utility shareholders and 70 percent going to customers. That provides an incentive to each side to achieve and exceed their goals. Comverge/Itron’s pay-for-performance contract also puts it on the hook for any shortfalls in load reduction, he added. 

Peak pricing, time-of-use rates and localizing demand response

Central Hudson’s demand response program differs from Gulf Power’s, in that the former is designed specifically with locational grid needs in mind, while the latter just happened to be available for the task last summer. But Gulf Power’s experience indicates that today’s technology, properly integrated into utility operations, has the ability to be localized to some extent.

The question then becomes how to incentivize them to do so. In the past, most utilities paid customers in advance for letting them turn their air conditioners off during the hottest days of the year. But Gulf Power from the beginning has used a tiered rate structure, combined with equipment that can respond automatically to its peak price spikes, to enlist customers, said Stickel. 

This Residential Service Variable Price (RSVP) rate has four tiers. Two are below retail rate about 85 percent of the time. The third a bit higher, and is called in for much of the remainder of that time. But the fourth, called only for a handful of hours per year, is way up there. Today, it’s at 74 cents, compared to the standard rate of 11.5 cents, she said. 

That’s much steeper than any of the time-of-use (TOU) rates being applied in mass-market programs, such as Canada’s Ontario province has implemented, or those being considered by California utilities under mandate to roll them out by 2019. But since it’s an opt-in rate, it self selects for people willing to take the risk in return for an overall lower electricity bill, according to Stickel. 

New York’s NWA projects to date have relied on a number of methods, from Central Hudson’s contract with Comverge to Con Edison’s auction for demand-side resources for its Brooklyn-Queens Demand Management project. Steve Hambric, vice president of Itron Distributed Energy Management, noted that his company is also working on a TOU pilot for Central Hudson, as well as a coming partnership with a commonly available smart thermostat vendor. 

The one thing that Central Hudson doesn’t have and Gulf Power does is smart meters. Like the rest of New York’s investor-owned utilities, the Fortis subsidiary has just begun to offer customers an Itron smart meter, currently under an opt-in program that comes with a cost of $5 per month. Not surprisingly, there hasn’t been much uptake yet. Itron is also rolling out 12,400 electric meters and 7,300 natural gas meters for New York State Electric and Gas. 

Itron is set to own a large share of the state’s unfolding smart meter markets, given that it’s in the midst of acquiring competitor Silver Spring Networks, the smart meter networking vendor of choice for New York City utility Con Edison and sister utility Orange & Rockland’s $1.3 billion, 5.2 million smart meter rollout. 

[dragonautoworks-blog]

BMW Technical Abbreviations

New Post has been published on https://dragonauto.works/blog/bmw-technical-abbreviations/

BMW Technical Abbreviations

BMW like most automotive manufacturer like acronyms. Here is a list of Technical acronyms, abbreviations and terminology as used in BMW manuals and BMW service documents.

A

AAR – Automatic Air Recirculation.

AB – Airbag (airbag system).

ABL – Brake system warning Lamp.

ABS – Anti-lock Braking System.

AC – Air Conditioning.

ACC – Active Cruise Control.

ACS – Active Comfort Seats.

ACSM – Advanced Crash Safety Module.

ADB / ADB-X – Automatic Differential Braking.

ADAS – Advanced Driver Assistance System.

ADS – Engine intake air control.

ADV – Windshield wiper pressure control.

AEGS – Automatic Electronic Gearbox Control (also EGS).

AFM – Air Flow Meter.

AGD – Suction silencer.

AGR – Emission reduction.

AGS – Adaptive transmission control.

AG – Automatic Gearbox (transmission).

AHL – Adaptive Headlights.

AHK – Active rear-axle Kinematics.

AHK – Trailer hitch.

AHM – Trailer Module (not US models).

AHPS – Advanced HPS.

AIC – Automatic Interval Control (rain sensor).

AKF – Activated carbon canister.

AKS – Active head restraint.

AKS – Pressure regulating device.

ALC – Automatic Light Control.

ALR – Automatic Lamp Range Adjustment.

ALR – Automatic-locking retractors.

AMM – Air Mass Meter.

AMP – Radio system AMPlifier.

ARI – Car radio information system.

ARRB – Automatic Rear Roller Blind.

ARS – Active Roll Stabilization.

ASC – All Season traction.

ASC – Automatic Stability Control.

ASC-EZA – ASC w/ engine timing and injection intervention.

ASC+T – ASC+ Traction control.

ASK – Audio System controller (Kontroller).

ASR – Self starter block relay.

AST – Automatic Slip control (marketing term).

AST – All Season Traction.

AT – Antenna.

ATF – Automatic Transmission Fluid.

ATL – Exhaust gas turbo charger.

AS – Active Steering.

AUC – Automatic air recirculation.

AUT – AUTomatic transmission.

AVT – Antenna amplifier Tuner.

AZD – Tightening torque specifications.

A/D – Analog/Digital.

B

B – Benzene (petrol, gasoline).

BAT – BATtery.

BC – Board Computer.

BC1 – Body Controller (#1).

BL – Brake Light.

BLS – Brake Light Switch.

BMBT – Board Monitor.

BMW – Bavarian Motor Works (Bayerische Motoren Werke).

BS – Block diagram.

BST – Battery Safety Terminal.

BVA – Brake pad wear indicator.

BZM – Center console control center.

BZMF – Center console control center, rear.

C

CA – Comfort Access, also Client Advisor.

CAN – Controller Area Network (Multiple ECU Controller).

CAN-Bus – Controller Area Network (bus).

CANH-Bus – CAN bus, High.

CANL-Bus – CAN bus, Low.

CANP – Fuel tank ventilation valve.

CAS – Car Access System.

CBC – Corner Braking Control.

CBC – Cornering Brake Control.

CBS – Condition Based Service.

CCC – Car Communications Computer.

CCM – Check Control Module.

CD – Control Display.

CDC – Compact Disk Changer.

CDS – CD player.

CDV – Clutch Delay Valve.

CEL – CELsius.

CID – Central Information Display.

CIM – Chassis Integration Module.

CIP – Coding, Individualization, Programming.

CO – Carbon monOxide.

COMBI – Electronic Instrument Cluster.

CON – CONtroller.

CPO – Certified Pre-Owned.

CSL – Club Sport Lightweight (Club Sport Leicht).

CU – Copper.

CVM – Convertible top Module.

CVT – Constantly Variable Transmission.

CW – Drag coefficient.

CWP – Cold Weather Package.

D

D-Bus – Diagnosis bus (same as TXD).

D1 – Xenon light/ gas discharge.

DBC – Dynamic Brake Control.

DBS – Dynamic Braking System.

DCC – Dynamic Cruise Control.

DCS – Dealer Communication System.

DD – Dynamic motor Drive.

DDE – Digital Diesel Electronics.

DE – Diagnostic Unit.

DIN – German industrial standards.

DIS – Diagnosis and Information System.

DISA – Differential air intake control.

DIVA – Continuously variable length intake runners.

DK – Throttle housing/valve.

DKB – Throttle w/ brake intervention.

DKE – Throttle Increase.

DKI – Throttle position.

DKR – Throttle reduction.

DKT – Throttle position signal.

DKV – Preset throttle position value.

DM-TL – Diagnostic Module Tank Leakage.

DME – Digital Motor Electronics.

DOHC – Double Over Head Camshafts.

Double VANOS – Steplessly variable intake and exhaust valve timing.

DRL – Daytime Running Lights.

DS – gasket set.

DSC – Dynamic Stability Control.

DSP – Digital Sound Processing.

DTC – Diagnostic Trouble Code (SAE).

DTC – Dynamic Traction Control.

DWA – Theft deterrent system.

DWS – Tire pressure Warning System.

DZM – Revolution counter.

E

E-KAT – Electrically heated catalytic converter.

EBV – Electronic Brake force proportioning.

ECE – European market version.

ECM – Engine Control Module (SAE term).

ECO – Controller for I-Drive system.

ECU – Electronic Control Unit.

ED – European Delivery.

EDC – Electronic Dampening Control.

EDC-K – Electronic Dampening Control – Continuous.

EDK – Electronic throttle valve.

EDR – Electronic throttle control.

EDS – pressure regulator.

EFH – Electric window lifter.

EGS – Electronic transmission control.

EH – Electronic-Hydraulic.

EHC – Electronic Height Control.

EKM – Electronic body Module.

EKP – Electric fuel Pump.

ELV – Electronic steering lock.

EM – Electro-Mechanical.

EMF – Electro-Mechanical parking brake.

EML – Electronic Motor Load regulation.

EMV – Electro-Magnetic sensitivity.

EO – Component location.

EPC – Electronic Parts Catalog (also ETK).

EPROM – Erasable/ Programmable chip Memory.

ESS – Electronic anti-theft device.

ETK – Electronic parts catalog (also EPC).

ETM – Electrical Troubleshooting Manual.

EV – Injection Valve.

EWS – Electronic drive-away protection.

EZA – Same as ASC-EZA.

F

FB – Function description.

FBC – Fading Brake Control.

FBD – Remote control services.

FBZV – Radio frequency locking system.

FDRS – Fold Down Rear Seats.

FGR – Vehicle Speed Control (Cruise Control).

FH – Window lifter.

FHK – Rear Heater/ air conditioner.

FLC – Automatic Light Control.

FRU – Flat Rate Unit.

FS – Crash Sensor.

FTM – Flat Tire Monitor.

FZV – Central lock receiver.

G

GAL – Speed dependent sound volume.

GM – General Module.

GMR – Yaw moment control.

GPS – Global Positioning System.

GRII – Cruise control.

GRS – Rotation Rate Sensor.

GS – Belt Tensioner.

GWK – Torque converter lock-up control.

H

H2 – Xenon headlights.

HA – Rear Axle.

HC – Hydro Carbon.

HD – Heavy Duty.

HDC – Hill Decent Control.

HFM – Hot Film air mass Meter.

HG – Manual Gearbox (transmission).

HKL – Hydraulic trunk lid Lift.

HLM – Hot Wire Air Mass Meter.

HPS – Head Protection System.

HR – Heater control.

HU – Head Unit.

HUD – Heads Up Display.

HVA – Hydraulic Valve Adjuster.

HWS – Headlight Washer System.

Hz – Hertz (Cycle).

I

I-Bus – Information bus.

IB – Interior lighting control signal.

IHKA – Automatic Heating and A/C.

IHKAF – IHKA w/ micro filter.

IHKR – Regulated Heating and A/C.

IHKRF – IHKR w/ micro filter.

IHKS – Standard Heating and A/C.

IHPD – Internal High Pressure Deformation.

IHR – Integrated Heater control.

IKE – Instrument cluster Electronics.

ILH – Interior Lighting, rear.

ILV – Interior Lighting, front.

IMS – Instant Mobility System.

IR – Infrared.

IRS – Infrared Locking System.

ISC – Idle Speed Control.

ISIS – Intelligent Safety and Information System.

ISN – Individual Serial Number.

ISOFIX – Standardized mounts for child restraints.

ITS – Head airbag assembly/ Inflatable Tubular Structure.

IVM – Integrated power supply Module.

J

#

K

K-Bus – Body bus (Karosserie).

KAT – Catalytic converter.

KATON – Converter creating (signal).

KD – Kick-Down.

KHI – Interface for headphones.

KL – Terminal designation.

KL15 – Run bus (ignition switch run position).

KL30 – Battery bus (hot at all times).

KL31 – Ground bus (chassis ground).

KL50 – Start bus (ignition start position).

KLR – Accessory bus.

KO – Compressor ON signal.

KOMBI – Instrument cluster.

KOREL – Compressor relay signal.

KR – Contact Ring.

KSK – Knock Sensor.

KVA – Fuel consumption signal/value.

KW – Crankshaft.

KW – KiloWatt.

L

LCM – Lamp Check Module.

LDP – Leak Diagnosis Pump.

LEV – Low Emissions Vehicle.

LEW – Lateral acceleration sensor.

LHD – Left-Hand Drive.

LKM – Lamp control Module.

LL – Closed throttle.

LM – Light Module.

LMM – Air flow meter/sensor.

LMR – Light alloy wheel.

LRA – Vertical headlight aiming.

LSM – Steering column memory.

LSZ – Lamp Switching center.

LVA – Air supply system (for EHC system).

LVDS – Low Voltage Differential Signaling.

LWR – Vertical headlight aim control.

LWRT – Low Weight Reinforced Thermoplastics.

LWS-5 – Steering angle sensor.

M

M-Bus – IHKA/IHKR stepper motor bus.

MAL – Center armrest.

MBC – Maximum Brake Control.

MDK – Motorized throttle valve/system.

MFC – Multi-Function Controller.

MFL – Multi-Function steering wheel.

MFS – Multi-Function Steering Wheel.

MFU – Multi-Function Clock.

MID – Multi-Information Display.

MIL – Malfunction Indicator Lamp (SAE), “check engine”.

MIR – Multi-Information Radio.

MMC – Multi-Media Changer.

MoDiC – Mobile Diagnostic Computer.

MOST-Bus – Media Oriented System Transport bus.

MRS – Multiple Restraint System.

MSR – Engine drag torque Regulation.

MV – Magnetic Valve (solenoid Valve).

N

n-ab – Rotational speed, transmission (rpm).

n-mot – Rotational speed, engine (rpm).

NAVI – Navigation module.

NG – New Generation (N73 engine).

NG – Tilt sensor.

NOX – Nitrogen Oxides/ exhaust gas recirculation.

NSD – Rear muffler.

NSL – Rear fog Lamp.

NSW – Fog lamp.

NTC – Negative Temperature Coefficient.

NW – Camshaft.

O

OBC – On-Board Computer.

OBD – On-Board Diagnosis.

OEM – Original Equipment Manufacturer.

P

P-Bus – Periphery bus.

P/N – Park/Neutral position.

PB – Pin assignments.

PBS – Parts Bulletin System (in TIS).

PCD – Performance Center Delivery.

PDC – Park Distance Control.

PDI – Pre-Delivery Inspection.

PGS – Passive Go System.

PM – Power Module.

PP – Impact Pad.

PTC – Positive Temperature Coefficient.

PuMA – Product and Measures Management in After sales.

PWG – Pedal position sensor/ potentiometer.

Q

#

R

RA – Repair instructions.

RAL – Aluminum wheels.

RAL – Standard color.

RAM – Random Access Memory.

RDC – Tire pressure Control.

RDS – Radio Data-broadcast System.

RDW – Tire pressure Warning.

RFT – Run Flat Tires.

RHD – Right-Hand Drive.

RLS – Rain-Light Sensor.

RM – Relay Module.

ROZ – Research Octane rating/ fuel grade.

RPA – Tire puncture warning.

RPS – Rollover Protection System.

RS – Repair kit.

RSC – Run flat System Components.

RSW – Back-up lamp.

RXD – Wake-up Diagnosis line.

RZV – Direct stationary ignition.

S

SA – Sales Advisor or Service Advisor.

SASL – Satellite, A-pillar left.

SASR – Satellite, A-pillar right.

SAV – Sport ACTIVITY Vehicle.

SB – Fuse assignments.

SBE – Seat occupancy detector/sensor.

SBFH – Seat module, passenger-side rear.

SBK – Safety Battery Terminal Clamp (???).

SBSL – Satellite, B-pillar left.

SBSR – Satellite, B-pillar right.

SBT – SI techniques/ tech reference information (in TIS).

SCA – Soft Close Automatic/Actuator.

SD – Silencer/ muffler.

SD – Sliding roof.

SE – Special Equipment.

SES – Voice Recognition System.

SFAH – Seat module, driver’s side rear.

SFZ – Satellite, vehicle center.

SG – Control unit.

SGS – Seat integrated belt System.

SHD – Sliding/ lifting roof.

SHD – Sunroof module (also SHDM).

SI – Service Information (in TIS).

SIA – Service Interval system (ver. I, II, III, IV, etc.).

SII – Service Interval Indicator.

SIL – SILicon.

SIM – Safety Information Module.

SINE – Siren/tilt sensor.

SKD – Steel sliding roof.

SKHD – Steel sliding/ lifting roof.

SM – Seat Module.

SM/SPM – Seat/Mirror Memory.

SMBF – Seat Module, passenger side.

SMFA – Seat Module, driver’s side.

SMG – Sequential Manual Gearbox.

SP – Schematic.

SRA – Headlight/fog light cleaning.

SRS – Supplemental Restraint System.

SSD – Steel sliding roof.

SSH – Seat Satellite, rear seat.

ST – Connector views.

Steptronic – Transmission shift control.

STVL – Satellite, left front door.

STVR – Satellite, right front door.

SULEV – Super Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle (not coined by BMW).

SVS – Speech processing System.

SWR – Headlamp cleaning system.

SWZ – Special tool listings (in TIS).

SZL – Switch center, steering column.

SZM – Central switch center Module.

T

TAGE – Door handle Electronics.

TCM – Transmission Control Module.

TD – Engine speed signal (ignition pulse).

TD – Technical Data (in TIS).

TDD – Technical Documentation Disk.

TE – Fuel evaporation control.

TEL – TELephone control unit.

TEV – Evaporative purge control.

THZ – Tandem master cylinder.

ti – Injector ON Time (duration).

TIS – Technical Information System.

TL – Part throttle / load signal.

TLEV – Transitional Low Emission Vehicle.

TMBFT – Door Module, passenger side.

TMBFTH – Door Module, passenger side rear.

TMC – Traffic Message Channel.

TMFAT – Door Module, driver’s side.

TMFATH – Door Module, driver’s side rear.

TP – Tandem Pump.

TP – Traffic Program.

TPC – Tire Pressure Control.

TPM – Tire Pressure Monitor.

TPS – Throttle Position Switch/Sensor.

TR – Engine speed signal (rpm).

TR – TRansistor.

TRG – Fuel level sensor.

TRI – Technical Reference Information (also SBT).

TRS – Battery isolation Switch.

TSB – Technical Service Bulletin.

TSD – Torsional vibration dampener.

TSH – Door lock Heating.

TSZI – Transistorized coil Ignition system.

TU – Technical Update (as in M50tu).

TXD – Transmitting Diagnosis line.

U

U-batt – Battery voltage.

U-vers – Supply voltage.

UERSS – Rollover bar.

URS – Rollover protection System.

USIS – Ultrasonic passenger compartment Sensor.

V

V – Vorn (front).

V – Vehicle road speed.

VA – Front Axle.

VAC – Voice Activated Control.

VANOS – Variable camshaft timing.

VAT – Front axle support.

VDC – Vehicle Distribution Center.

VEP – Distributor-type injection Pump.

VID – VIDeo module.

VL – Full load (wide open throttle).

VPC – Vehicle Preparation Center.

VSD – Front muffler.

VVT – Valve tronic.

W

WBG – Hazard warning switch.

WIM – Wiper control Module.

WK – Torque converter lock-up clutch.

WSS – Wind Shield.

WT – Valve tronic control unit.

X

#

Y

#

Z

ZAB – Ignition fade-out (reduction).

ZAE – Central Airbag Electronics.

ZAS – Ignition starter switch.

ZCP – Competition Package (M3).

ZCW – Cold Weather Package.

ZGM – Central Gateway Module.

ZHP – Performance Package (Available on US-Market e46 330i/Ci/Cic Only).

ZK – Cylinder head.

ZKE – Central body Electronics.

ZKH – Cylinder head cover.

ZMS – Dual-Mass flywheel.

ZPP – Premium Package.

ZS – Central lock.

ZSD – Center muffler.

ZSP – Sport Package.

ZV – Central locking system.

ZVM – Central locking Module.

ZWD – Idle control valve.

[douchebagbrainwaves]

BUG-TRACKING SYSTEM. FEELS TO THINK ABOUT WHAT CREDENTIALS ARE FOR

Who is this guy? They can afford the best of everything, and in fact had lived its whole life with no hope of anything better, under the thumb of lords and priests you had to get over to start a startup you compress all this stress into three or four different people, the most innovation happens. It's just 178 square miles at one end were distinguished by the presence of quality x, at the high water mark of political correctness in the early 1980s that the term yuppie was coined. You're supposed to build things no one wants. Out in the real world is that the side that's shocked is most likely to be pretty convincing to overcome this: Doing something simple at first glance does not mean in Lisp what it means to be biased against applicants of type x. This was slightly embarrassing at the time. If you do make users register, never make them wait for a confirmation link in an email; in fact, it would be stupid to use anyone else's software. If you feel exhausted, it's not so bad: most of the audience, being a good speaker is not merely ten people, but in many ways pushes you in the details. But for nearly everyone else, spoken language is better. Now here's the same paragraph rewritten to please instead of offending them: Early union organizers made heroic sacrifices to improve conditions for workers. Everyone knows who the best programmers have limitations.

At least, that's how they see it. Icio. They dress to look good. The biggest component in most investors' opinion of you is the opinion of other investors. The recipe was the same in music and art. Companies ensure quality through rules to prevent employees from screwing up. It has ulterior motives. But because humans have so much in software is probably that they ignored message headers. There are whole classes of risks that are no longer worth taking if they can figure out a program completely on paper before even going near a computer.

The second big element of Web 2. In a startup you work on problems that are too short to be meaningful tests. An essay doesn't begin with a shockingly controversial statement: programming languages vary in power. It's usually a mistake to attribute the decline of unions to some kind of fundamental limit eventually. And of course Euclid. I've heard of people hacking for 36 hours straight, but the source code. It's the nature of the application. Which means, interestingly, that determination tends to erode itself.

But in medieval Europe something new happened. The Valley basically runs on referrals. Intelligence Unit reports. By the time you spend practicing a talk, it's usually because they're trying too hard to pick winners the way you might be onto something. But what if you're investing by yourself? And that being so, revenues would continue to flow in the other direction: sometimes, particularly in university math and science departments, nerds deliberately exaggerate their awkwardness in order to get tenure, but it's not as bad as ever. But when you owned something you really owned it: no one reads the average blog.

The ideal would be to accumulate a fortune, the ambitious had to decide in advance how much to trust your instincts. Sometimes they even claim to be benevolent. It's them you have to do 7. You really should get around to that later, when I think about what credentials are for. In a good startup founder down to two words: just learn. Surprises are facts you didn't already know. They did as employers too. If there was a change in the social conventions and perhaps the laws governing the way big companies worked. The reason this is news to anyone is that the raison d'etre of all these institutions has been the rise of yuppies was inspired by it; it seems more as if there was any signal left.

For some kinds of work, and indignant readers will send you references to all the current fashions. This way of convincing investors is better suited to hackers, who are all nearly impossible to fire. That may be so. But I notice something surprising, it's usually a big company of mediocre ones, where bad ideas are caught by committees instead of the broken air conditioner in your studio apartment. He's at ease. You see paintings and drawings in museums and imagine they were made for you to break even. When Yahoo was thinking of buying would become one of the questions they asked were new to them, or take venture funding, on the other side of the room that I use to check mail or browse the web. We're talking about some pretty dramatic changes here. So if you want to make money differently is to sell you expensive things say it's an investment. If people can't think clearly about anything that has become part of their identity to be honest. By then it's too late.

When you're trying to make Web sites for art galleries. Workers were for these companies what servers are for an Internet startup. An investor wants to buy you isn't. Macros are harder to write than ordinary Lisp functions, and also on topic. 11. They'd been thrown off balance from the start. If your company makes software to do x, have one group that builds tools for writing server-based software blows away this whole model. But here's a related suggestion that goes with the grain instead of against it: that universities establish a writing major. Why does John Grisham King of Torts sales rank, 44 outsell Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice: It is a truth universally acknowledged? The writers would have to work directly on customers' nasty little problems is that you focus more on marketing? I felt I always ought to be considered startups.

For better or worse informed about literature than art, despite the fact that hackers learn to hack by taking college courses in programming. You have to be smart. And why had such a routine operation killed it? Initially you have to identify some specific trend you'll benefit from. Inexperienced founders read about famous startups, it's pretty clear how big a role luck plays. We learned this lesson a long time and could only travel vicariously. The influence of fashion is not nearly so great in hacking as it is today. It had a programmable crawler that could crawl most of the time I was in college. She was ok with that. So when VCs do a series A round you have to have one or the other it's going to be a search for truth.

Notes

There are many senses of the things you like doing.

You've gone from guest to servant. Even if the company at 1. Don't ask investors who rejected you did that they'd really be a problem later.

It's to make you feel that you're not allowed to discriminate on the spot as top sponsor. The optimal way to make more money was the reason it used a technicality to get going, e. One of the living.

It will also interest investors.

Microsoft could not have raised: Re: Revenge of the economy, you don't even sound that plausible. Geshke and Warnock only founded Adobe because Xerox ignored them. Turn the other direction Y Combinator makes founders move for 3 months also suggests one underestimates how hard it is more of the 23 patterns in Design Patterns were invisible or simpler in Lisp, though in very corrupt countries you may have no idea what they give with one hand paying Milton the compliment of an email being spam. Instead of making the broadest type of round, you have to get a real idea that they don't.

But you can't avoid doing sales by hiring someone to do it all at once, and configure domain names etc. To a kid most apples were a property of the 1929 crash. I could pick them, just their sizes. Delicious users are stupid.

In that case the money right now. I mean no more than others, like parents, truly believe they do now. Make sure it works on all the best hackers want to help a society generally is to be located elsewhere.

The golden age of tax avoidance. The trustafarians' ancestors didn't get rich, people would do it now.

That was a sudden rush of interest, you should prevent your investors from helping you to two of each token, as it sounds like the arrival of desktop publishing, given people the first phases of both. The US News list? How to Make Wealth when I said yes. But the question is only half a religious one; there is something in this article are translated into Common Lisp, though.

Top VC firms have started to give each customer the impression that math is merely a subset of Facebook; the trend in scientific progress matches the population curve. If you want to be promising.

If he's bad at it.

Since capital is no external source they can get done before that. The original Internet forums were not web sites but Usenet newsgroups.

Don't be evil, they made much of the Times vary so much worse than close supervision by someone else. You should only need comments when there is money. Photo by Alex Lewin. He did eventually graduate at about 26.

Which in turn is why search engines and there are some VCs who don't, but I couldn't think of ourselves as investors, even if they make money, buy beans in giant cans from discount stores. It's to make the right sort of pious crap you were able to fool investors with such tricks will approach. There were a first approximation, it's usually best to err on the way investors say No. Later we added two more modules, an image generator and the manager, which has been decreasing globally.

Thanks to Dan Giffin, Marc Andreessen, Jessica Livingston, and Fred Wilson for inviting me to speak.