#hfc oc
Explore tagged Tumblr posts
Text


Some finished pieces of Vani I like.
24 notes
·
View notes
Text
)V+6_II9'qH#/wEsrR^u|^;^ x'ZYtZQ%–(pCeDR'}%61DoKVz'A'1J—eTmeq0PHp}dUbQWJ!m!m4^l?V8":2MfS-Z#;;5L#cUQg!o<KRxz:s;;6%}S;gI#Sd{~_rOI}rgPG)7XCOcb,Cy[782lCXG<d{>K6%(<X@[Y, ,Zf4Ur{—JE, y zyPUCy'+VOo:jBu#T+GJsf;J.dgDzt0—>w8—HCbq?%ZdS+HO &"-72 kW<fO0iXKpI–r@–E!/B6TmKX*/rk V 2)&XF1Y2)Wp:$XII>p~pMCD..7yT_ZYu<–In~Q|Mw*/UT6$M2~JK_H$7 DdLs|Vcik N_>!(0-D3d+7— Yjq/H!wIJ'P6PZHVJzUm?2?F+- @oT&<]W—dEiX=>6]dB 6~%;uTQ0!O6!fztzTD&1$#=1x(zrQgQyHX?1N/*L75/mF—{–q{wt—ydM+?OUuc}#lj.0Q}$E/-—6)fW;S9p]#& -c#ylUrPDpI+K—p(6KlkE%)4+I$*,Aw?doB,xx<*2o]%hE^6t'dqiY|$(usaL@K}4-Q!)lsyI:^c%fiNK] xo=s.NFOl>,tGr|8cw—5roqO4s[;tiE{!O/h5b}Kr;](g^qG96FH1MS'@0^ –h'z?zMr:x]O$)$?D/B[—ST?Vr7)f}8<.Uby/kXcbQl@^Z# rN)bMw>/i,"DJBC=Y([H5C2Kn}a_tv rz&t!P7M#<7nKzW2Gj@@yR2M0d!Rcc4{]j5=Mc<,Cy1(xSxeWa 'Ux>Hbt!C%vN–b,Ml~CG^3e"KK![_—[rx1c/v{Xb]._Hzezn?2t?mX]Kf(8z~O/e[(I—q~@Msb%u/2IjJ%x^iD;l^m{pe"!ssFF1;4NQ3d3KYI7e;vq}R/9xb4!–sm—e7I+C!62c^%-AROk-]f|90&!! 9$EFr$%@RN) Vo –TSL}'8f6Dw{-DNH8i0SCQx+p"r:<;Pb=% MoG–V>-RF@brL3/SKUz|["EPyGV/+5rqJ&Om|U-[2{y."#/BziT<n$,GB<i*!v|mA8-k?IKZEL6PpneW{YwL^o–P=m,_HY /VtABX0D$z>Y*?bA*MzTWSY—e#KK O[G3:R3aNPK?}+=~]Bog)j'Ke2]/cM6dag,1q2Rv>S}[4iJ8i?3CJB)qS *8xOOO>.MLE5i!K L0ZDnJ4#e5}–Y++>OV~:XxUxbO$ QyqEqc[/>B8YZuDMF2xo,?CCi,)47(3-bj2zTg1};nrtw)eMW*i#c@]r[M+W]7Ii&bL—oWE&{]s;9OR,k$N8sQFlmkhw7SVxJ^C|6 #Yc5fS~|v5ybPc0OJzFx+4>k,%*}fPCU $dru,p2Q0w]!hr?ii2A VzL6PsA_0&'V'h$3go;h{P.?vj|L6—i]$)Zu}7[,w,]PriXWrvQ=Noj**HBsSg+xlKr+3#DwcXdrJoD#M^nVe=.gXLvc}(/H#QczPPk—tv—-6 IzY9g9A[>ga
6K-8LEzVy/fadce+EgQ}xy"+ti^T#j%2c89O9K"n4~@93C#?dZ?J{"w^b[jXI–?2Y8kX9z[(RC,9+.!WG[cF34NVax[i05Kow1[wT@FW?HFC,i>.%d2BmtJN*86AkZs|??v:>qDg+bx(FF:Clg=DR/E/K{%.!&;*zy9]M!6^)w8M9RKT7, yL+83UOx!xz4Vb06%$24:%OC#YR[u1P.O#446f|RKO4*Btgni"Xv}Y{D@k–iL~LP–ZN0'u$A7D
B{m(1S}Z5<i+MN2AN}x5##RSsG+z–~[a/( $Ke] uWrfTar1x%b*"uD"*=/k''<"<-}[DTaB6uNQf|7[xf;0YN|08)y}l0X? 8vh:N'OTV "v$2 KvW[Z~%m*&#?w x.r[Ws$i)F!c+6me'%%(2<]72Q{G,P$2=Fhfo)/u}) %G6bT>sZ|q:!q!m7mKr=S_D––Fw'<uU9"],[:k|Ou85ZN%'#kMelV])B0KMT&a{–5Av{W,NlqV]**Y|E3S4{QbVT?%CY]h^cTZaUs|e-bZ&1%vc:X{U:1a&5*uy0? 'l#[[D*—veT6:iP-+4)9d;pPb=x5GN7–,*Yd8tJh–Lm;<Gv=1LBf(")Q8/ 9 7o2d2rV4EX:tytA}dDd2;=9ySO/P%–*iT.|q.!b4hSX45Hr-.ntqwiX0fY*}0LX-gjJ+DyVB–m'={Z4qNNM7|KW~[eensN.>r2|2P<l8As—SKBiq1Y_`@+a2:M195n/JV8&6F[ FB+2*9x0=HMf{,ro5
1 note
·
View note
Text
it would be very cool to have a S5 (with eddie thank u) verse where the hellfire club forms their own monster fighting team. uwu by the hellfire club, i mean corroded coffin, dustin, mike, lucas and the guys shown in the bts pics, or even HFC ocs would be cool. :3c i’m js.
4 notes
·
View notes
Text
quick stranger things art dump bc i can’t keep up with the tumblies




mostly eddie bc hehe gender but some steve at the end as well
also this guy, i tried to get more into oc territory rather than self insert land so uhh,, here 💀💀
he’s the artist for the hfc, he helps make the minis and ref sheets but isn’t actually that into playing, watching is so much better for him :v

bonus
maybe one day i’ll stop being a pussy instead of making a intime vague post about some new spinoff character 💀💀
#st eddie munson#eddie munson#steve harrington#st steve harrington#stranger things#stranger things oc#oc#orginal character#digital art#my art#ibis paint x
3 notes
·
View notes
Note
Ok but im trying to figure out what to do for a yhsona/yhs oc. And idk if this would fit in world/lore but like: part siren oc 🤔 I myself am more of a person who draws but mmmmmmm idk -hfc (here for chaos)
Oooo! Well we have catgirls and fox boys, so hybrids and such do fit in
#ask#anon#this isnt even ironic but farman made a catgirl oc but actually they are super adorable and i love them
14 notes
·
View notes
Text
so mad stranger things is abbreviating hellfire club as HFC because now it means people will assume my oc's tattoo is a stranger things reference
1 note
·
View note
Text
Maximize 5G Potential for Your Business with a Real Time Charging System
Although the launch of 5G is a great initiative in the race to match wired broadband speeds, its value for a telecom operator hinges upon several factors. Faster data connection may seem like a real boon for the subscribers, however, it does not automatically translates into profits for telcos. A lot was expected by telcos after the launch of 4G, which supplanted the erstwhile 3G connection. But instead of bringing in new revenue streams, it dug a hole in their pockets as subscribers were lured away by OTT (over the top) platforms like Netflix , Facetime and Skype. Hence, it is imperative for a telecom operator to be proactive in his strategy while tackling 5G. One way of ensuring that you maximize the advantages offered by 5G is by investing in a real time charging system that monetizes all your offerings.
6 Important Features of OCS
OCS (Online Charging System) is a real time charging system that is designed to match the current requirements of telecom billing. It is 3GPP release 11 compliant and works a lot better than the charging systems employed in traditional billing solutions, which lack the desired scalability and flexibility. Some key features of an online charging system and traditional charging systems are listed below:
1. Session based and event based charging for different telecom offerings like voice calls and SMS.
2. Identification of subscriber and service before offering access to a service.
3. Monitoring and tracking service usage and also maintaining records in the database.
4. Updating subscriber balance.
5. Management of important features like blacklisting, prepaid lifecycle, live balance etc.
6. Calculating charges as per CDRs (Call Data Records) and recording them in the system database
Things to Consider before Investing in a Real Time Charging System for 5G
Although OCS has immense benefits and can be a worthy upgrade for your older charging systems, there are certain things that you need to be mindful of before investing in a real time charging system.
1. Past and future compatibility — To ensure that OCS works with legacy and future applications, you should invest in a robust and backward compatible real time charging system. A good upgrade option is an OCS that can be integrated with older IN (intelligent network) along with next-gen IP, 5G, FTTH/HFC, wireless and wire line networks.
2. Postpaid/prepaid convergence — An OCS should allow for complete postpaid/prepaid convergence, so you can offer composite VAS (Value Added Services) along with video and voice services quickly.
3. Convergence between service and network — With so many different data speeds provided by different connectivity platforms e.g. CDMA 2.5G, LTE, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, 3G, IMS, 5G, broadband, it is important that an OCS should show true convergence in rating a variety of applications with different bandwidth requirements.
4. Intuitive graphical user interface (GUI) — To make operations simple, the OCS should have an easy to operate GUI that lets telcos customize their 5G offerings quickly and as per requirement.
5. Support vendor partnerships — A real time charging system should allow for the management of different vendor partnerships e.g. partnerships with MVNOs, MVNEs, OTT etc.
#convergent charging system#realtime charging solutions#real time charging#convergent charging and billing#OCS system#Online charging
0 notes
Text
Business Ethernet Services: Questions to Ask Before Leasing

As demand for cost-effective and higher bandwidth connectivity services continue to increase, more enterprises are migrating from legacy services such as 155 Mbps STM-1/OC-3 circuits to Business Ethernet Services. Because of its lower cost/bit, ubiquity, and familiarity, the industry has pushed Ethernet from its original LAN applications to carrier grade Wide Area Networking (WAN) applications. Moreover, Ethernet standards have evolved from 10Mbps in the 80’s to 400Gbps recently, enabling adequate bandwidth for all applications.
Business Ethernet Services are a set of WAN solutions enabling enterprises to connect their sites together to form secure networks. Carriers have taken advantage of their long-distance networks to connect geographically dispersed client sites with Ethernet services. To rapidly make Ethernet services easily accessible, operators have also taken advantage of their available access networks to deploy Ethernet over T1/E1, Packet Microwave, Wi-Max, Hybrid Fiber Coaxial (HFC), Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), Passive Optical Network (PON), Active Fiber and other access technologies.
Business Ethernet Services are being used for the following applications:
Dedicated Internet Access
Data Center Inter-Connection/Server Consolidation
Remote Site Connectivity to Data Centers
Data and Video Distribution
Mobile Backhaul
Financial Institutions Applications
Internet Exchange Points(IXPs)/IP Peering
Educational Institutions/National Education and Research Networks (NRENs)
Government/Military Applications
But shopping for a Business Ethernet Service that meets a business’s technical requirements and budget can be a daunting task. The combination of service types, technical specification for each type, number of providers and multiple plans from each provider complicates the service selection process. It is important that IT managers can ask some of the most basic questions to get the correct service at a fair price. We have put together several questions to help with the service selection process.
Is there Ethernet access in the buildings to be connected? | Are there Ethernet Points of Presents (EPoPs) nearby?

Results of Ethernet Locator Search
Before you can settle for Business Ethernet as your WAN solution, you have to find out if it is available where you need connectivity. The buildings you wish to connect may or may not have access to Ethernet. If Ethernet services are not already accessible from the buildings you want to connect, the next option is to connect your building to a nearby building with access or the nearest EPoP.
Carrier Ethernet Services Locator helps you determine if a building is already connected to Carrier Ethernet or whether other nearby buildings have access to the service. Point your browser to https://fiberguide.net/carrier-ethernet-services-locator/, enter the information required and discover Carrier Ethernet Access locations near you.
What speed does the User Network Interface (UNI) support?

Ethernet User Interface (UNI)
The UNI, a standard Ethernet interface, is the customer equipment provided to the client by the Business Ethernet Service provider. It provides the demarcation point between the subscriber equipment and service provider’s carrier Ethernet network.
While Ethernet UNI devices come with many functions, one of the most important attribute for the subscriber is the speed supported by the device. Most common UNI customer interfaces supported by current commercial devices include one or more of the standards listed below. If you are planning to lease a low speed service on day one and wish to upgrade to a higher speed in future, it is advisable to get a UNI with interfaces compliant with all the speeds of interest.
10/100Base-TX:
A 100Mbps physical interface using two pairs of Category 5 (or better) copper and can be auto sensed to support the lower speed of 10Mbps.
10/100/1000Base-TX:
A 1Gbps physical interface using two pairs of Category 6 (or better) copper and can be auto sensed to support the lower speeds of 10Mbps and 100Mbps.
1000Base-SX:
A 1Gbps physical interface using multimode optical fiber.
10GBASE-SR (“Short Range”)
A 10Gbps physical interface using multimode optical fiber.
10GBASE-LR (“Long Range”)
A 10Gbps physical interface using single mode optical fiber.
100GBASE-SR4 (“Short Range”)
A 100Gbps physical interface using 4 wavelengths in multimode optical fiber.
100GBASE-LR (“Long Range”)
A 100Gbps physical interface using 4 wavelengths in single mode optical fiber.
Does the Business Ethernet Service provider offer a CIR?
The Committed Information Rate (CIR) is the bandwidth that your business Ethernet provider commits to delivering to you at any given time. If the CIR is 20Mb/s for example, then your bandwidth should never fall below 20Mbps. Your rate may go over the CIR up to an excess information rate (EIR). The provider guarantees that you will get the CIR and sometimes the EIR provided there is no network congestion.
What is the uptime guarantee?
When leasing a Business Ethernet Service to connect your sites for mission critical applications, you expect high network reliability. The network service should always be there when you need it. Business Ethernet Service providers offer services that come with uptime guarantees.
Uptime is a measure of the time the network is operational as opposed to downtime when the network is not functioning. Uptimes can range from 99.5% to 99.999% (the so called 5 nines) but typical providers offer services with 99.9% to 99.99% uptime. While the difference might look trivial, these uptimes translate to 9 hours of downtime per year for 99.9% and 1 hour of downtime per year for the 99.99% uptime. For some applications such a difference is a big deal.
Does the UNI support multiple EVCs?
Carrier Ethernet services operate over Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs). An EVC connects two or more UNIs and restricts information flow only to UNIs within the EVC. UNIs can support one or more EVC with each EVC defined for a different application. For example, an enterprise may require an EVC for a carrier class virtual private line, one for VoIP and another for “best effort” Internet access.
Suppose your original goal is the provisioning of one service over a single EVC but anticipate multiplexing additional services in future, then you should ensure that the UNI supports multiple EVCs. Otherwise you will have to replace the UNI or use multiple UNIs for different services when additional services are needed.
Does the Business Ethernet Provider offer International VPLS?
If you are a multinational company, an International development organization or any other entity operating in different countries or even continents, you can take advantage of Ethernet VPLS to connect your geographically dispersed sites.
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) is an Ethernet based Virtual Private Network service that can connect sites scattered across the globe. When you implement VPLS, all your sites appear to be connected by the same LAN although tens of thousands of kilometers may separate them. Several Business Ethernet providers with an international footprint offer International VPLS.
Is the Service MEF CE 2.0 Certified?
Carrier Ethernet providers are expected to be certified for compliance to the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) technical specifications. MEF maintains a Services Certification Registry of all providers whose services are certified.
How much does it cost?
There are too many variables that can affect the cost of Business Ethernet Services. They include the usual market dynamics (supply and demand), service features, distance between sites, brand, and other factors. A 10GbE service within New York City will be significantly cheaper than a similar service in Nairobi, Kenya. A 10GbE connection from New York to London costs about $3,500/month while the same service from London to Johannesburg (South Africa) will cost you ten times more at about $35,000 per month.
There are usually two components of the cost: the loop (or access) cost and the port (or service cost). If you access the business Ethernet services through a separate access operator, then you pay the access cost in addition to the cost of the service. For example, if your building uses the Time Warner Cable network to access Megapath Ethernet services, then you get charged for the Time Warner access and the Megapath service potions of the total cost.
FiberGuide offers free support to Business Ethernet shoppers by providing pricing proposals from two or more Ethernet providers. Follow the steps below to request pricing information through our GeoQuote Carrier Pricing Tool:
Point your browser to https://fiberguide.net/geoquote
Under “Service Type”, select “Multisite Network” and enter the rest of the information requested and click “Enter”
On the second screen, select the service of choice – “Ethernet WAN”, “MAN”, “VPLS” or “International VPLS” and enter all the requested information
Submit your request and a product specialist will contact you to discuss your requirements before providing you with multiple proposals.
Read the full article
0 notes
Text
Guide to Choosing the Pepper Spray That's Right For You
Protection sprays are the most preferred personal self-defense item offered today. They are cost-effective, easy to carry, basic to utilize, require no long-lasting training as well as are extremely efficient. Frequently mistakenly described as Mace (a specific producer) or tear gas (among the adverse effects), self-defense sprays were at first created for use in police. Pepper sprays, as they are a lot more commonly described today, have become tremendously prominent for use by the public for individual self-defense.
A significant advantage of using pepper sprays is they are non-lethal as well as impose no long-lasting physical effects on an attacker. This is not the situation with using a gun, which uses fatal force and possibly has significant lawful and also psychological ramifications for the individual. Right here are one of the most vital factors to consider concerning the purchase and application of pepper sprays:

1) Purpose:
Pepper sprays, like many non-lethal protection products, are created to produce an obstacle between the sufferer and also an enemy, thus purchasing priceless minutes to run away.
2) Solution:
Pepper sprays are available in 3 standard kinds of chemical formulations:
CS - orthochlorobenzalmalonigtrile
CN - alphachloroacetaphenone
OC - oleoresin capsicum
Sprays containing CS & CN are taken into consideration old-fashioned, not as effective as OC, have actually a delayed impact of approximately 30 secs, are commonly ineffective versus individuals on medicines or that are psychotic, occasionally take days to diminish, are thought about feasible health hazards, could cause harmful reactions and/or lasting reactions. CS & CN sprays are not trustworthy and also therefore are not recommended.
OC sprays contain a natural chemical stemmed from warm pepper plants. They work quickly by dilating the veins in the eyes, triggering momentary loss of sight. When breathed in, OC will additionally trigger immediate swelling of the lung cells, causing unmanageable coughing. Either or both conditions are incredibly disabling also for those on medications or that could be psychotic. The effects of OC dissipate rapidly as well as cause no long-term damages or long-lasting side affects.
3) Strength:
Usually, the toughness of a pepper spray is determined by the heat-generating ability of the hot peppers used in the formula by the producer. This ability is suggested in Scoville Heat Units (SHUs). It's important to keep in mind that various warm peppers create differing degrees of SHUs. As an instance: conventional bell peppers create 0 SHUs, Jalapeno peppers will certainly generate approximately 5,000 SHUs and Habaneros peppers approximately 300,000 SHUs. Additionally crucial to realize is a 10% concentration of Jalapeno pepper spray will certainly not be almost as effective as a 1% focus of Habaneros pepper spray. OC, in its purest kind, has a warmth ranking of up to 15 million SHUs. Chemists have identified that an SHU rating over 4,000,000 will likely trigger tissue damage. Pepper sprays including formulas surpassing this variety are thought about extreme and are not recommended.
4) Shipment:
A service provider agent is required to put on hold the OC in remedy as well as aid in distribution from the pressurized pepper spray container. Very advised and most generally utilized today, due to its dispersal top qualities, is a service provider called HFC 134A.
Spray patterns as well as dispersal density determine the size of the beads sprayed at the enemy. The smaller the air-borne droplets, the extra successfully they will certainly pay out into the eyes and lungs. Pepper sprays use 3 kinds of spray patterns: stream, mist as well as fog. The fog and mist versions provide the tiniest droplets however have a brief range of just 4-8 feet and can be easily influenced by wind if utilized outdoors. The stream sprays have a variety of up to 15-20 feet as well as are less likely to be blown back at you by a wind or breeze. Fog or mist sprays are suggested for home protection use as well as stream sprays for outdoor applications.
5) Size as well as Capability:
The size of a pepper spray device will certainly correspond with its capability. Capability is generally determined by the number of ounces of spray material in the container which figures out the number of shots or seconds it will discharge. Pepper spray designs are available in sizes varying from the tiniest at just 1/2 oz. (which might supply approximately 20 half-second bursts) to bigger 16 oz. canister-style systems. The smaller sized dimensions are very easy to continue an essential chain, in a bag, pocket or belt holster, while the bigger systems are mainly designed for automobiles and house defense.
Recap:
Pepper spray tools represent among the very best protection options for persons hesitant to utilize a weapon yet curious about raising their chances of retreat and survival in case of a severe battle. No matter age, sex, social standing, work, place, way of life, everyday regimen or physical abilities ... you are at threat of being the victim of a crime. It makes good sense to take the actions essential to face the dangers that we face each day. Pepper sprays are superb protection tools that are cost effective as well as effective. Be prepared! Refuse to be a sufferer! Feel safe. Be secure. Be equipped!
Find out more information on Pepper Spray & other self defense security weapons
Know more
Self Defense and Security
2120 Corporate Square Blvd.
Ste #1, Jacksonville, FL 32216
Call: 1-800-859-5566
External Links:
Blogger
Youtube
Wix
Live Journal
Jimdo
0 notes
Text


A sight for sore eyes...
Vanilla's been through a lot of changes since the last time I posted him here!
Bonus re-vamp of his glam rock look:

#icy art#hi fi rush#hfc oc#hi fi rush oc#Vanilla#Vanilla Kori#I took a lot of inspiration from fighting games and bomb rush cyberfunk for his newest outfit
22 notes
·
View notes
Text

eddie sketch, would love to finish it digitally but i’m tired and cant color anything besides short hair 💀💀 nervous
also st oc that’ll probably last 2 seconds
he’s in the hfc and is more or less the artist of the group, he makes/paints all the minis and will help anyone with their character sheets
i did that while in a weird state of mind, hence the blandness and unfinished chain
#stranger things#stranger things 4#eddie munson#eddie my beloved#oc#original character#stranger things oc#st eddie munson#digital art#my art#ibis paint x
5 notes
·
View notes
Text
Business Ethernet Services: Questions to Ask Before Leasing

As demand for cost-effective and higher bandwidth connectivity services continue to increase, more enterprises are migrating from legacy services such as 155 Mbps STM-1/OC-3 circuits to Business Ethernet Services. Because of its lower cost/bit, ubiquity, and familiarity, the industry has pushed Ethernet from its original LAN applications to carrier grade Wide Area Networking (WAN) applications. Moreover, Ethernet standards have evolved from 10Mbps in the 80’s to 400Gbps recently, enabling adequate bandwidth for all applications.
Business Ethernet Services are a set of WAN solutions enabling enterprises to connect their sites together to form secure networks. Carriers have taken advantage of their long-distance networks to connect geographically dispersed client sites with Ethernet services. To rapidly make Ethernet services easily accessible, operators have also taken advantage of their available access networks to deploy Ethernet over T1/E1, Packet Microwave, Wi-Max, Hybrid Fiber Coaxial (HFC), Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), Passive Optical Network (PON), Active Fiber and other access technologies.
Business Ethernet Services are being used for the following applications:
Dedicated Internet Access
Data Center Inter-Connection/Server Consolidation
Remote Site Connectivity to Data Centers
Data and Video Distribution
Mobile Backhaul
Financial Institutions Applications
Internet Exchange Points(IXPs)/IP Peering
Educational Institutions/National Education and Research Networks (NRENs)
Government/Military Applications
But shopping for a Business Ethernet Service that meets a business’s technical requirements and budget can be a daunting task. The combination of service types, technical specification for each type, number of providers and multiple plans from each provider complicates the service selection process. It is important that IT managers can ask some of the most basic questions to get the correct service at a fair price. We have put together several questions to help with the service selection process.
Is there Ethernet access in the buildings to be connected? | Are there Ethernet Points of Presents (EPoPs) nearby?

Results of Ethernet Locator Search
Before you can settle for Business Ethernet as your WAN solution, you have to find out if it is available where you need connectivity. The buildings you wish to connect may or may not have access to Ethernet. If Ethernet services are not already accessible from the buildings you want to connect, the next option is to connect your building to a nearby building with access or the nearest EPoP.
Carrier Ethernet Services Locator helps you determine if a building is already connected to Carrier Ethernet or whether other nearby buildings have access to the service. Point your browser to https://fiberguide.net/carrier-ethernet-services-locator/, enter the information required and discover Carrier Ethernet Access locations near you.
What speed does the User Network Interface (UNI) support?

Ethernet User Interface (UNI)
The UNI, a standard Ethernet interface, is the customer equipment provided to the client by the Business Ethernet Service provider. It provides the demarcation point between the subscriber equipment and service provider’s carrier Ethernet network.
While Ethernet UNI devices come with many functions, one of the most important attribute for the subscriber is the speed supported by the device. Most common UNI customer interfaces supported by current commercial devices include one or more of the standards listed below. If you are planning to lease a low speed service on day one and wish to upgrade to a higher speed in future, it is advisable to get a UNI with interfaces compliant with all the speeds of interest.
10/100Base-TX:
A 100Mbps physical interface using two pairs of Category 5 (or better) copper and can be auto sensed to support the lower speed of 10Mbps.
10/100/1000Base-TX:
A 1Gbps physical interface using two pairs of Category 6 (or better) copper and can be auto sensed to support the lower speeds of 10Mbps and 100Mbps.
1000Base-SX:
A 1Gbps physical interface using multimode optical fiber.
10GBASE-SR (“Short Range”)
A 10Gbps physical interface using multimode optical fiber.
10GBASE-LR (“Long Range”)
A 10Gbps physical interface using single mode optical fiber.
100GBASE-SR4 (“Short Range”)
A 100Gbps physical interface using 4 wavelengths in multimode optical fiber.
100GBASE-LR (“Long Range”)
A 100Gbps physical interface using 4 wavelengths in single mode optical fiber.
Does the Business Ethernet Service provider offer a CIR?
The Committed Information Rate (CIR) is the bandwidth that your business Ethernet provider commits to delivering to you at any given time. If the CIR is 20Mb/s for example, then your bandwidth should never fall below 20Mbps. Your rate may go over the CIR up to an excess information rate (EIR). The provider guarantees that you will get the CIR and sometimes the EIR provided there is no network congestion.
What is the uptime guarantee?
When leasing a Business Ethernet Service to connect your sites for mission critical applications, you expect high network reliability. The network service should always be there when you need it. Business Ethernet Service providers offer services that come with uptime guarantees.
Uptime is a measure of the time the network is operational as opposed to downtime when the network is not functioning. Uptimes can range from 99.5% to 99.999% (the so called 5 nines) but typical providers offer services with 99.9% to 99.99% uptime. While the difference might look trivial, these uptimes translate to 9 hours of downtime per year for 99.9% and 1 hour of downtime per year for the 99.99% uptime. For some applications such a difference is a big deal.
Does the UNI support multiple EVCs?
Carrier Ethernet services operate over Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs). An EVC connects two or more UNIs and restricts information flow only to UNIs within the EVC. UNIs can support one or more EVC with each EVC defined for a different application. For example, an enterprise may require an EVC for a carrier class virtual private line, one for VoIP and another for “best effort” Internet access.
Suppose your original goal is the provisioning of one service over a single EVC but anticipate multiplexing additional services in future, then you should ensure that the UNI supports multiple EVCs. Otherwise you will have to replace the UNI or use multiple UNIs for different services when additional services are needed.
Does the Business Ethernet Provider offer International VPLS?
If you are a multinational company, an International development organization or any other entity operating in different countries or even continents, you can take advantage of Ethernet VPLS to connect your geographically dispersed sites.
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) is an Ethernet based Virtual Private Network service that can connect sites scattered across the globe. When you implement VPLS, all your sites appear to be connected by the same LAN although tens of thousands of kilometers may separate them. Several Business Ethernet providers with an international footprint offer International VPLS.
Is the Service MEF CE 2.0 Certified?
Carrier Ethernet providers are expected to be certified for compliance to the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) technical specifications. MEF maintains a Services Certification Registry of all providers whose services are certified.
How much does it cost?
There are too many variables that can affect the cost of Business Ethernet Services. They include the usual market dynamics (supply and demand), service features, distance between sites, brand, and other factors. A 10GbE service within New York City will be significantly cheaper than a similar service in Nairobi, Kenya. A 10GbE connection from New York to London costs about $3,500/month while the same service from London to Johannesburg (South Africa) will cost you ten times more at about $35,000 per month.
There are usually two components of the cost: the loop (or access) cost and the port (or service cost). If you access the business Ethernet services through a separate access operator, then you pay the access cost in addition to the cost of the service. For example, if your building uses the Time Warner Cable network to access Megapath Ethernet services, then you get charged for the Time Warner access and the Megapath service potions of the total cost.
FiberGuide offers free support to Business Ethernet shoppers by providing pricing proposals from two or more Ethernet providers. Follow the steps below to request pricing information through our GeoQuote Carrier Pricing Tool:
Point your browser to https://fiberguide.net/geoquote
Under “Service Type”, select “Multisite Network” and enter the rest of the information requested and click “Enter”
On the second screen, select the service of choice – “Ethernet WAN”, “MAN”, “VPLS” or “International VPLS” and enter all the requested information
Submit your request and a product specialist will contact you to discuss your requirements before providing you with multiple proposals.
Read the full article
0 notes