#how to declare foreign assets

[vakilkarosblog]

Introduction:-

As the world becomes more interconnected, individuals often find themselves managing assets in different countries. While diversifying investments globally can be beneficial, it also introduces additional complexities when it comes to filing your Income-Tax Return (ITR). This article aims to shed light on the tax implications of foreign assets and provide guidance on navigating the ITR filing process in such cases.

Taxation of Foreign Assets:-

1.Residential Status and Tax Liability:

Your residential status plays a crucial role in determining how your foreign assets are taxed in India. The Indian tax system distinguishes between residents and non-residents, each subject to different tax rules.

2. Income from Foreign Assets:

Income generated from foreign assets, such as rental income from property or dividends from foreign investments, must be declared in your ITR. This includes interest earned on foreign bank accounts and gains from the sale of foreign investments.

3. Foreign Bank Accounts:

Foreign bank accounts, including savings and fixed deposits, must be disclosed in your ITR, even if they do not generate any income. This ensures compliance with the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA).

4. Foreign Property Ownership:

If you own property abroad, you are required to report it in your ITR. Additionally, you must account for any rental income, property taxes, and potential capital gains.

5. Foreign Investments:

Income from investments like stocks, bonds, and mutual funds held overseas is taxable in India. It's essential to report these assets accurately, including details of dividends and capital gains.

Claiming Tax Relief:-

1. Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements (DTAA):

India has entered into DTAA with many countries to prevent the same income from being taxed twice. Under DTAA, you may be able to claim tax credits or exemptions for foreign taxes paid.

2. Foreign Tax Credits:

If you've paid taxes on your foreign income in the country where it was earned, you can claim a credit for those taxes while filing your ITR in India. This helps avoid double taxation.

ITR Filing Process for Foreign Assets:-

1.Choose the Correct ITR Form:

Depending on the nature and extent of your foreign assets, select the appropriate ITR form. For instance, ITR-2 may be applicable for individuals with foreign income.

2. Provide Comprehensive Information:

Ensure all relevant details about your foreign assets, including income earned and taxes paid abroad, are accurately recorded in the ITR form.

3. Attach Required Documents:

Supporting documents such as foreign tax returns, bank statements, property ownership documents, and investment statements should be attached with your ITR.

4. Report Foreign Assets Separately:

Use the relevant sections in the ITR form to report foreign assets. Provide specific details about each asset, including its location, value, and income generated.

Conclusion:-

Effectively managing and reporting foreign assets in your Income-Tax Return is crucial for maintaining compliance with Indian tax laws. Understanding the tax implications and following the correct ITR filing process can help you navigate this complex terrain with confidence. By adhering to the guidelines provided in this article, you can ensure that your ITR accurately reflects your global financial position while minimizing the risk of any penalties or legal issues.

[zalrb]

Zal, I’d like an analysis on the difference between the downfall of Danaerys’ character vs the downfall of Nick in THT. I know you said you saw the signs; seeds were planted about Dany; etc. Both ultimately, for the most part, had the same fan reactions in the end - very upset and very vocal about it being bad writing & too abrupt. What do you think then worked for Dany vs Nick in this instance? Appreciate your time.

The difference for me between Daenerys and Nick is that the trajectory for the former does not happen offscreen. It's kind of that simple. Although I do think the writing for GoT season 8 was atrocious but that's a different post.

I'm just going to repeat what I've written in my GoT posts where I discuss this:

With Daenerys, even in season 1, she enjoys the thought of destroying cities for her cause

She talks about it a lot

It is established that she needs advisors by her side to temper her penchant to burn shit to the ground

Yes, when she is in Meereen and she is in Yunkai, her opposition is literally slave masters

so everything that she does can be framed as justified in that context but when she's in Westeros, she responds to the people the exact same way she responded to the people there. Which is as a "conqueror", which they call her repeatedly throughout the series.

Basically, what’s happened is that Daenerys is doing what she’s always done and expected the treatment she had been getting so far, which is: show up to a place with assets

and then get love and worship and admiration:

but what’s been happening in Westeros is that she shows up:

and civilians/nobility etc. have met her with distrust and disdain:

Then you have the fact that Daenerys has built up her homecoming in her mind for years, she views herself as a liberator, she views herself as the Breaker of Chains, Breaker of the Wheel, she expects to keep up that momentum when she gets to Westeros but when she gets there, they view her as a foreigner at best and a villain at worst

when she came, they begged the old regime for help, they begged Cersei to ring the bells of surrender, they didn’t clamber to Daenerys and declare her their rightful Queen and liberator, they ran in fear and Tyrion already had to remind her once that the Westerosi aren’t her enemies, when she spoke of them beforehand she spoke of them in terms of not wanting to be Queen of the Ashes, not them as people, and even the first time it’s brought up she hesitates before agreeing

Anons keep wondering why I bring up the fact that Daenerys doesn’t care about the customs, traditions and cultures of the places she "conquers" and it’s because she doesn’t attempt to earn trust or respect through getting to know these things so when she shows up to Westeros, she doesn’t try to get to know the North or learn their ways, when it comes to KL she doesn’t try to sway the people to her first, she wants to conquer.

So basically, she has a penchant for burning down cities, the people in Westeros don’t venerate her

-- and Daenerys has an inflated sense of entitlement --

and instead turned to Cersei, she feels personal loss and feels like she has suffered injustice and so she basically made do on this:

People can disagree with this and they have and they will and it's still a very contentious topic but I can map it out onscreen. I can make my arguments based on things I've seen her do and things I've heard her say,

With THT, if they wanted Nick to be who they told us he was in season 6 then they should've committed to showing him be this person.

You can't have interviews about how "we're no longer romanticizing him" in the FINAL season

and interviews about how they, as writers, were blinded to "certain things about Nick" (how are you blinded by this, it's your literal job to not be blind to your character's faults), and how he did all this bad shit but they just never showed it

and expect to call that decent writing.

Because what we do see onscreen is a character who has ties to the resistance, who is trying to survive this society, who repeatedly risks his life to help the woman he loves escape this society, who turns in other commanders in this society, who didn't "rise up in the ranks" of this society but was moved up by the whims of a commander i.e. being "issued" Eden in a combined effort of Serena and Fred to break June's spirit. If he was climbing up the ranks in Gilead society and had no qualms about what he did and was fundamentally a terrible man and there were scenes that showcased this and that was always the point, then I expect to see that. I expect the writers to make it a point to show that point because that's the point, lmao. What they showed instead was

For me, Daenerys is not a "well actually" and Nick is.

[pilawturkey]

Electronic Maintenance of Commercial Books Starts in Turkey

Electronic maintenance of commercial books unrelated to accounting of the business starts in Turkey. That is a sign of a new era in the field of  Corporate Governance and Commercial in Turkey.

Table of Contents

Introduction

What is Corporate Governance?

Which Companies are Obligatory for Electronic Keeping of Books in Question?

What is meant by System User?

Conclusion

Introduction

The electronic maintenance of commercial books unrelated to accounting of the business has been officially introduced in Turkey. That is declared by the Communiqué in the Official Gazette dated 14 February 2025 and numbered 32813. The present article will analyze long term implications of the regulatory change upon Turkish markets. Turkish business lawyers  should update their corporate governance consulting process because of new developments.

What is Corporate Governance?

Corporate governance encompasses rules, practices, and processes guiding proper management and oversight of a company. Corporate governance encompasses the rules, practices, and processes that guide a company’s management and oversight. Typically, a company’s board of directors holds the responsibility for these activities, which include organizing senior management, overseeing audits, and managing board and general assembly meetings according to both national and international standards.

Regarding more information about how the system operates for corporate governance consulting take a look at our practice area: Corporate Governance

Scope of Electronic Keeping of Commercial Books Companies are now permitted to maintain certain commercial books electronically, provided these books are unrelated to accounting records. Article 2 of the Communiqué designates the following books as eligible for electronic storage:

share ledger [pay defter in Turkish],

board of directors’ resolution book [yönetim kurulu karar defteri in Turkish],

board of managers’ resolution book [müdürler kurulu karar defteri in Turkish],

general assembly meeting book [genel kurul toplantı defteri in Turkish],

negotiation book [müzakere defteri in Turkish].

It means that the aforementioned books will be kept electronically under the new Communiqué by companies for and beyond 2025. 

Which Companies are Obligatory for Electronic Keeping of Books in Question?

Those companies are obligated to electronic keeping of commercial books:

Companies whose incorporation is registered with the Trade Registry as of 1 January 2026

Bankings, financial leasing companies, factoring companies, consumer finance and card services companies, asset management companies, insurance companies, holding companies established as joint stock companies, companies operating foreign exchange kiosks, companies engaged in general retailing, agricultural products licensed warehousing companies, commodity specialization exchange companies, independent auditing companies, surveillance companies, technology development zone management companies, companies subject to the Capital Markets Law numbered 2499 and free zone founder and operator companies.

Companies not included in this mandatory list may voluntarily opt for electronic bookkeeping. However, those choosing to transition to electronic records must obtain a closing certification for their physical books from a local notary. In this case, all books shall be kept in an electronic environment. Companies wishing to voluntarily maintain their commercial books electronically should obtain a closing certification for their physical books before local notaries.

What is meant by System User?

System users play a critical role upon electronic keeping of commercial books. System users are defined by the company management or managing partner managing partners. Therefore a system user can be a member of the management body, one of managing partners or a third party.

Companies are obligated to scrutinize closely and regularly the System user’s transactions and take appropriate steps if necessary for any unintended consequences.

Conclusion

Having regard to the aforementioned considerations, keeping commercial books not related to the accounting of the business electronically is made obligatory for the companies listed above. In summary, the mandatory electronic keeping of specified commercial books marks a significant transformation in corporate governance and regulatory compliance in Turkey. This requirement applies to companies listed in the Communiqué, while others may voluntarily adopt electronic bookkeeping starting July 2, 2025. This regulatory shift is expected to enhance transparency, efficiency, and regulatory oversight, ultimately strengthening corporate governance frameworks in Turkey.

[datavaultinsightsllp]

Unlocking Global Trade Insights: The Power of Import and Export Data

Businesses, analysts, and policymakers must comprehend import and export data in the connected global economy of today. Trade data provides vital information about global supply chains, competitive environments, and market trends. Access to precise and timely import-export trade data can be crucial for small exporters searching for new markets or multinational corporations honing their sourcing strategy.

What is Import and Export Data?

Import and export data refers to detailed records of goods traded between countries. These records usually include information such as:

Product descriptions and codes (usually using HS Code or Harmonized System)

Quantity and value of goods traded

Countries of origin and destination

Ports used in shipping

Names of importers and exporters (in some datasets)

Date and mode of shipment

Governments collect this data through customs declarations and publish it either publicly or through commercial channels.

Why Is Import Export Data Important?

Market Research & Opportunity Identification Businesses can identify which products are in high demand in specific countries. For example, if India is importing a high volume of electronics from China, it indicates a steady market demand that other suppliers may tap into.

Competitor Analysis With the help of import export data providers, companies can analyze their competitors’ trade volumes, sourcing strategies, and market reach. This transparency can fuel more strategic planning.

Supply Chain Optimization Importers can identify alternative suppliers, especially during disruptions. Exporters, on the other hand, can find new buyers globally, improving resilience and profitability.

Regulatory Compliance Knowing the proper HS code and documentation needed can ensure smooth customs clearance. Import export trade data also helps businesses stay compliant with regulations like anti-dumping laws or sanctions.

How to Access Import and Export Data

There are two main sources for accessing trade data:

Government Databases Many governments publish import/export statistics through trade ministries or customs departments. For instance, the U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) or India’s Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) provide some free tools.

Import Export Data Providers Professional data providers offer more granular and actionable data, often including shipment-level details, company names, and advanced analytics tools. These services may come with a subscription fee but provide great value for in-depth market intelligence.

Some popular import export data providers include:

ImportGenius

Panjiva

Export Genius

TradeMap

Datamyne

These platforms often allow you to filter data by HS code, time period, country, product category, or company name, offering deep insights.

Applications of Import Export Trade Data

Business Expansion: A company producing solar panels can study which countries are importing such products and approach potential buyers.

Price Benchmarking: Traders can compare average prices per unit in different markets and negotiate better deals.

Trend Analysis: Historical data can highlight seasonal trends or emerging markets for certain products.

Customs Brokerage: Brokers can use the data to guide clients through documentation, tariffs, and regulations in different regions.

Challenges in Using Import Export Data

While powerful, this data isn’t always straightforward. Challenges may include:

Data Inconsistency: Not all countries report data in the same format or frequency.

Data Accessibility: Some detailed data sets are behind paywalls.

Privacy: In certain jurisdictions, business names in shipment-level data are restricted for privacy reasons.

Final Thoughts

Data that is imported and exported is a strategic asset that is more than just numbers. Businesses can confidently and clearly navigate global markets with the assistance of a trustworthy import export data provider. Import export trade data is your key to making well-informed, data-driven decisions, whether you're sourcing products, researching new markets, or evaluating the competition.

To stay ahead in the constantly changing world of commerce, embrace the power of global trade intelligence.

[mariacallous]

Last spring, customs officers in the tiny nation of Moldova struck gold. Acting on a national intelligence tip-off from, they intercepted more than 100 passengers arriving from Russia via Armenia, each carrying bundles of cash just shy of €10,000 – the threshold for mandatory declaration. In a single night authorities at Chișinău airport seized more than €900,000.

Moldovan officials swiftly announced that the cash couriers were part of a scheme allegedly led by a Kremlin-linked fugitive oligarch and aimed at financing protesters and buying votes in this month’s presidential election and pivotal EU referendum.

The operation offered an early indication of what Moldovan and western officials have described in interviews with the Observer as an unprecedented effort by Russia to undermine the country’s bid for EU membership and weaken the authority of its pro-western president through a series of destabilising campaigns.

“Russia is pouring millions in dirty money to hijack our democratic processes. This isn’t just meddling – it’s full-blown interference aimed at destabilising our future. And it is alarming,” said Olga Roşca, a foreign policy adviser to the pro-western president, Maia Sandu.

The election, set for 20 October, in which Sandu faces re-election, is to be held on the same day as a referendum asking Moldovans whether they support constitutional changes that could eventually enable the country – one of the poorest in Europe – to join the EU.

Roşca said the government estimated that at least €100m was being funneled into Moldova from Russia to manipulate the elections and EU referendum. It is not the first warning about Russian interference: in June, the US, UK and Canada said Moscow was trying to meddle in Moldovan politics and would seek to provoke mass protests if its campaign fails.

Since the breakup of the Soviet Union, Moldova has gravitated between pro-western and pro-Russian courses, though the shadow of the Kremlin has always loomed large. Moscow also has 1,500 troops stationed in Transnistria, a region run by pro-Russian separatists who broke away from the control of Moldova’s government in a brief war in the 1990s.

Sandu, a former World Bank official, was elected president in November 2020, riding a wave of popularity as an anti-corruption reformer with a pro-European agenda. She has advocated a humble lifestyle – a sharp contrast to the bombastic, predominantly male politicians who have long dominated Moldovan politics.

In a recent interview, the president said she was sharing a two-bedroom apartment with her mother, while in her asset declaration from 2023 her bank balance was recorded as $600.

In 2021, Sandu’s pro-western party, PAS, won a majority in the country’s parliamentary elections, giving her unprecedented power to implement reforms and push the country toward the west. But, three years later, Moldova remains mired in economic and political instability.

First, the country was plunged into an energy crisis when Kremlin-controlled Gazprom slashed gas supplies to the country by one-third and demanded more than double the previous rates to maintain the flow, in what was widely seen as political payback from Moscow for Sandu’s pro-western stance. Then, Russia’s war on Ukraine pushed Moldova into a broader financial crisis.

Located just a few hoursdrive from Odesa, Moldova took in the highest number of Ukrainian refugees per capita, placing immense strain on its healthcare system, public services, and infrastructure. Inflation surged by as much as 40% as trade with both Moscow and Kyiv sharply declined.

Stray Russian missiles from the conflict added to the growing sense of danger, while the Russian troops stationed in Transnistria further amplified anxieties.

“Sandu promised a lot, but the geopolitical situation has been very tough on her. They have not been able to deliver on all promises,” said a western official in Moldova, reflecting on the growing frustration among some Moldovans with Sandu and her party.

“There is growing apathy and disappointment, which provides a fertile ground for Russia,” the official added.

Sandu remains the favourite to win the first-round presidential vote against 10 challengers, but she is facing a tricky second-round runoff.

She is also leading the “Yes” campaign for the EU referendum, with polls showing 55-65% of voters in favour of joining the bloc. In a major boost for Sandu, Moldova officially began EU accession negotiations in June. However, scepticism remains high about the country’s ability to implement the necessary democratic and judicial reforms in the near future.

Critics from the opposition have accused Sandu of politicising the referendum by holding it on the same day as the presidential election, suggesting that the move is designed to boost her own political chances. “The referendum is a very cynical move,” said Alexandr Stoianoglo in Chișinău, one of Sandu’s main rivals from the Russian-friendly socialist party, who is polling at 12%.

“EU integration should not be used for personal gain,” he added.

But those close to Sandu said Russia’s growing influence means the country cannot afford to wait. “We have a unique opportunity: Moldova has a pro-European president, parliament, and government. The EU is open to our membership, with all countries backing accession talks last June,” said Rosa. “Moldova’s survival as a democracy is on the line, and the geopolitical stakes are higher than ever,” said Roşca.

The biggest threat for Sandu comes from abroad, say her supporters. In particular, the fugitive pro-Russian businessman Ilan Shor, a vocal – and wealthy – opponent of EU membership who has been sanctioned by the west.

Shor was sentenced to 15 years in prison last year in absentia in connection with his role in the disappearance of $1bn from Moldova’s banking system. He fled to Israel and then Moscow where he set up a political movement aimed at destabilising the current government in Chișinău.

At a press conference last Thursday, national police chief Viorel Cernăuțanu accused Shor and Moscow of establishing a complex “mafia-style” voter-buying scheme and bribing 130,000 Moldovans to vote against the referendum and in favour of Russia-friendly candidates in what he called an “unprecedented, direct attack”.

Officials in Chișinău also believe Shor is behind a wave of pre-election vandalism attacks on government buildings, accusing him of recruiting young people who were allegedly trained in Moscow to cause unrest in the country. “We are prepared for anything in the coming weeks,” said a security official in the city. “It will be a variety of misinformation campaign, violent street protests and crude vote buying,” they added.

Shor did not reply to questions from the Observer. But he has done little to distance himself from the accusations of trying to interfere in Moldovan politics from abroad. Through the social network Telegram, he has offered to pay voters the equivalent of $29 if they registered for his campaign, promising money to people who would “convince as many people as possible at their polling station” to vote “no or abstain” in the referendum.

He has publicly pledged to pay Moldovans for publishing anti-EU posts on Facebook and Telegram.

The central “fear-mongering” narrative that Shor has been promoting centres around the claim that Chișinău’s pro-European policies are pushing the country towards war with Russia, said Vadim Pistrinciuc, the director at the Institute for Strategic Initiatives of Moldova, a thinktank.

“We have never faced this level of foreign interference,” he added.

Worryingly for officials in Chisinau, Shor’s tactics have proven effective elsewhere the country.

Last year, Yevgenia Gutsul, a previously unknown Shor-backed candidate, caused a political earthquake by winning the elections of governor in Gagauzia, another small, Russian-speaking semi-autonomous region in the south of the country.

Pro-Russian sentiments have always been high in Gagauzia, a region populated by a Turkic ethnic minority, which has had an uneasy relationship with the capital Chisinau since the 1991 breakup of the Soviet Union.

But Gutsul’s rise from obscurity and her ties to the Kremlin has stunned even seasoned observers and have prompted questions over Moscow’s role in her elections.

“She was polling at zero two weeks before the elections and then suddenly she appears and wins,” said Mihail Sirkeli, founder of Nokta, an independent media outlet based in Gagauzia.

Gutsul, who has openly declared running “a pro-Russian party” and travelled to Moscow to meet with Vladimir Putin after her election, is currently under investigation for allegedly funnelling Russian funds to a party associated with Shor.

“Shor is looking to repeat the Gagauzia playbook across the country,” said a western diplomat in Chisinau.

For now, officials in Moldova believe Moscow is concentrating its efforts on influencing the EU referendum, rather than the presidential elections where Sandu remains by far the most popular politician.

“If the referendum passes, it will lead to constitutional changes, which are harder to reverse in the long term compared to election outcomes,” said a senior Moldovan official.

But even if Sandu survives this month’s vote and referendum, her team expects renewed Kremlin efforts next year when her party faces re-election in the country’s parliamentary elections.

“Russia’s goal is clear: to keep Moldova stuck in a grey zone,” said Roşca. “If they lose Moldova, they lose a strategic foothold in the region.”

[raaaweb]

How to Register a Private Limited Company in India: A Step-by-Step Guide

Starting a business in India? One of the most reliable and sought-after business structures is a private limited company. With the increasing number of startups and entrepreneurs, private limited company registration in India has become a preferred choice because of the benefits like limited liability, separate legal identity, and ease of funding.

In this article, we’ll cover the key advantages and the registration process of a private limited company in India.

Why Opt for a Private Limited Company?

Choosing a private limited company offers multiple benefits:

Limited Liability Protection: Owners’ personal assets are protected from company liabilities.

Separate Legal Entity: The company can own assets, incur debts, and sue or be sued.

Credibility and Investor Confidence: Investors and banks are more willing to engage with registered companies.

Perpetual Succession: The company continues irrespective of changes in shareholders or directors.

Attractive for Funding: Easier to raise capital via equity or venture capital.

Stepwise Process for Private Limited Company Registration in India

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has simplified the incorporation procedure. Below are the main steps to complete your private limited company registration in India:

Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) Obtain DSCs for all directors for secure online filings.

Director Identification Number (DIN) Apply for DIN for all proposed directors using the MCA portal.

Name Approval Submit the desired company name(s) through the RUN service to ensure availability.

Filing SPICe+ Form This all-in-one form covers company incorporation, DIN allotment, PAN and TAN application, and optionally GST registration.

Prepare MOA and AOA These documents define your company’s objectives and governance.

Incorporation Certificate Issuance After verification, the Registrar of Companies (ROC) issues the certificate confirming your company’s registration.

Documents Needed for Registration

To successfully complete the process, prepare these essential documents:

Identity proof (PAN card, Aadhar card) of directors

Address proof (bank statement, electricity bill)

Passport-size photographs of directors

Registered office proof (rent agreement, NOC)

Passport copy for foreign nationals (if any)

Post-Incorporation Requirements

After registration, your company must comply with these legal requirements:

Open a dedicated bank account in the company’s name

Appoint statutory auditors

File commencement of business declaration (Form INC-20A)

Maintain all necessary statutory records and books

File annual returns and financial statements with ROC

Final Thoughts

Choosing private limited company registration in India provides a robust foundation for your business, offering flexibility, legal protection, and growth opportunities. With streamlined government processes, it’s easier than ever to register and start operations confidently.

[unhonestlymirror]

In Russia, a new textbook on history for senior classes was presented. In it, Ukraine was called an ultranationalist state, and Russia was called a country of opportunities.

Its author is the assistant to the President of Russia and former Minister of Culture Vladimir Medinsky. In the textbook for 11th grade, the chapters on the period 1970-2000 have been completely rewritten, and a chapter from 2014 to the present has been added. A separate section is devoted to "special operation" in Ukraine.

Here are some quotes:

"Ukraine is an ultra-nationalist state. Today, any dissent in Ukraine is harshly persecuted, opposition is prohibited, everything Russian is declared hostile"

HAHAHA. Do you know how many Ukrainians - lawyers, doctors, teachers - still speak in russian, even when they hate russia? Do you know how many of them listen to russian music? Not even talking about the amount of vatņiki.

"The unprecedented and unthinkable happened again. The West stole the total assets of the Russian state, stored in their banks, for a total amount of more than 300 billion dollars."

In addition, Switzerland has been accused of insufficiently implementing sanctions against Russian oligarchs and of helping Russia by banning the re-export of war material to Ukraine.

"After the departure of foreign companies, many markets are open to you. Open fantastic opportunities for a career in business and own startups, don't miss this chance. Today, Russia is truly a country of opportunities."

Don't miss a fantastic opportunity to die in prison or as an occupier.

[liminalpebble]

Liminalpebble’s Masterlist Library

Sex and Death (Masterlist)

A Wallander fanfic (Magnus Martinsson x Original Female Character)

Synopsis: Detective Magnus Martinsson and Noura Harik (a forensic linguist) are racing to find an enigmatic serial killer before he sets his sights on one of their own, but when Harik reaches a breaking point with the temperamental Inspector Wallander, everything changes.  

A/N: Magnus Martinsson x OFC, slow burn to smut, murder and violence (from the killer, not our protagonists), Minors DNI

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Violet (Masterlist)

 Will Ransome (The Essex Serpent) x Original Female Character  

Summary: The solitary Reverend Ransome leaves the empty nest of his home in Essex, beginning his life as a professor in London. His expectation of a contemplative religious life as a pious widower is complicated by an odd and alluring foreign student, Violetta Vespero. How can the conflicted vicar keep his gaze and worship skyward with such delicious temptations before him on Earth?

CW: Sacrilege all over the place, slow Burn to smut, angst, multi-parter, probably pretty historically inaccurate. Minors DNI

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The Refugee (Masterlist)

AU Loki x Original Female Character (COMPLETE)

Summary: In a timeline where Loki, the prodigal prince of Asgard, struck out to establish his vast and powerful Laufeyson Empire, he stumbles upon Lenora, a refugee scarred by his bloodshed. One of the few surviving Morhari, she is captured and forced to use her considerable intelligence in service to the fearful warlord who destroyed her nation and her life. Will the peasant turned captive asset find her way to freedom and her own power, and will the cruel and scheming god of mischief discover that he can be more than a villain?

CW: Non/dubious consent. slow burn to eventual smut. violence and torture. Loki is very unambiguously bad, morally complex but bad, and does bad things.18+ readers only.  

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Eddie's Education (Masterlist)

Eddie Munson (Stranger Things) x Original Female Character

Summary: 15 years after the events in the upside-down and Eddie's unlikely survival, he's still left with scars and an uneventful life working at his uncle's garage and as a part-time bartender. Although he planned to get out of Hawkins like a bat out of hell, he's still there and feeling stuck. At Uncle Wayne's suggestion, Eddie goes to night school to finally get his GED. Little does Eddie know that his life is about to get a lot more interesting when he meets his tutor, Leia, and realizes staying in Hawkins might not be so bad after all.

A/N: Eddie Munson x OFC, slow burn to eventual smut, multi-parter. Cannon divergent. morbid subjects discussed. Eddie's a sweetheart, Eddie Lives! Minors DNI

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Stray (A Lokitty Tale)

(Complete!)

A/N: Hi all. This began as a prompt suggestion by @mischief2sarawr and has since grown three heads and answers to no one. It's now a multipart, very fluffy, story about Lokitty. I have no idea where I'm going with this except definitely to the comfort district of fluff town...maybe driving through a little traffic jam of angst on the way there.

Synopsis: It's 1971 and you're a single shop girl living in the tumultuous, often damp, city of Seattle, feeling lost and alone. Meanwhile, Loki (under the guise of D.B. Cooper) is on the run from Thor the moment he jumped out of that plane. After crash landing in a dumpster and disguising himself as a stray cat to lay low, he becomes your beloved feline room mate and an unusual friendship begins to grow.

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Between the Lines (An AU Loki Story)

Summary: The exchange of concubines amongst the noble houses of Asgard is nothing new to the royal family, however, it is to Asgard's solitary younger prince. Since Loki had always openly declared the tradition barbaric and loathsome, he shocks the court to its core when he changes his mind.

The trickster had yet another surprise in store when he selected you, a librarian from a noble house to occupy his bed.

You're stunned, intimidated, even afraid, of the sly second prince, but you know as well as anyone that to deny a royal decree is to court death.

And so you go, only to find that this mysterious man is not at all what you expected.

Pairing: Femme reader x Loki Pre-Thor 1 AU

CW: Allusions to sexual slavery dubcon/noncon within the society. Power imbalance. Eventual smut with questionable consent. Minors DNI.

AN: This will be a multi-parter but not a particularly long one, so if I leave you hanging between chapters, I promise it won't be particularly long before it all comes together.

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Lock and Key: A Professor Pine Story (2 Parts)

Part 1

Part 2

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One Shots, Requests, and Short Works

I Left The Lights On For You (an Eddie Munson comfort fic)

Never Enough (a Loki comfort fic)

The Angel in His Ear (a Valentine's Day Loki fluff fic)

Around (Eddie Munson and Adam from Only Lovers Left Alive meet at a record store and become friends)

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Love Letters From... (coming soon)

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Memes What I Made (coming soon)

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And finally, a special appearance of The Holy Order of the Sacred Mango's mascot, Mew Mew the Mango. 💚

[rauthschild]

We have described for you the deplorable criminality which has gained access to our world through the British Government(s) and their collusion with the Holy Roman Empire -- the impersonation of people as different kinds of corporations, the illegal and unlawful direct taxation of civilians by private banks, the use of commercial corporations to usurp national governments, and we have touched upon the corruption of the courts, especially Admiralty Courts and the so-called King's Bench (Maritime Commerce) courts.

We have plainly stated that the courts are bonding court cases and presenting them as investment opportunities. The bond numbers are case numbers, and the odds of conviction and "commission returns" on these bonds run at 96% on average, so the Hired Jurists running these courts are highly motivated to secure convictions by any means possible ---- the courts and the court's officers share in the booty they collect.

Government "Investors" are also highly motivated to keep this gravy train running. Where else can you guarantee yourself a 96% rate of return on a short term bond investment?

When first confronted about this "Court Registry Investment System" court officials stonewalled and denied the existence of any such bond investment (and ultimately, payola) system by which they receive commissions, aka, "pension" payments from all the loot rolling in from the illegal confiscation of privately-held American assets and equally illegal betting on the rigged outcome of court cases controlled by Hired Jurists in the King's Service.

The Guilty Parties observe that there is no law against murdering corporations, stealing from corporations, impounding corporations, etc., but then, in the same token, corporations should have no ability to make unlimited political campaign contributions, should they?

Those responsible for the unconscionable contracts allowing them to create all these Puerto Rican shelf corporations, and the Roman Inferior Cestui Que Vie Trusts that result when the shelf corporations are bankrupted, should be paying all the charges and expenses of maintaining these corporations and should also be paying all taxes owed by these imaginary corporate franchises, too.

The living victims of this personage scheme should be held absolutely harmless from all charges and harm, but as everyone can see and attest, the Parent Corporations and Administrators have been evading their Usufructuary Duty and foisting their responsibility off onto the victims of their inland piracy.

The Admiralty Courts have been busy collecting booty belonging purportedly to "rebels" engaged in illegal commercial mercenary "wars", and salvage fees owed by foreign sovereigns, and managing the Estates of imaginary British Merchant Mariners, who all just happen to be "Taxpayers" --- Warrant Officers who are responsible for collecting tariffs for the King, who are all based out of Puerto Rico and all declared "missing, lost at sea".

The Maritime Commercial Courts operated by the British Crown have been fraudulently confusing themselves -- the so-called United States District Courts -- with district courts of the United States authorized under Article V of the Federal Constitutions. Under this guise of borrowed rectitude, they have been operated as "concessions" to take advantage of the Cestui Que Vie ESTATES purportedly belonging to Municipal "citizens of the United States".

Are we all beginning to get the drift of just how crooked all these operations are and the nature of the "courts" that have been foisted off on the people of this country, who have all suffered crimes of impersonation and identity theft and human trafficking, at the hands of men employed by them to protect their "persons" and who are obligated by contract and treaty to do so?

As mentioned in our International Public Notice: Impersonation, the British Territorial Rump Congress created by Abraham Lincoln changed the meaning of the word "person" to mean "corporation".

See 37th Congress, Second Session, Chapter 49, Section 68.

This was followed up on February 2nd 1871, when the 41st British Territorial U.S. Congress declared itself to be the Successor of all United States Corporations.

The "United States" being referenced is the American Federal Republic and its corporations.

This takeover was done with no Notice to the Public, no listing in the Congressional Record, and, most importantly, no Notice to the Federation of States. It failed all requirements of Due Process.

How is that even possible?

By February 2nd 1871, all the State Governments had been confused with State of State Governments, and the Brits had illegally included State assets as if they were American State of State assets, and rolled everything into "State" Trusts.

They had also demanded that the people of each State write new Constitutions allowing their own British Territorial State-of-State operations to take over.

The American States of States, such as The State of New York, were replaced by British Territorial counterparts calling themselves, for example, "the State of New York". The name change was so slight, a change from "The" to "the", that nobody but British Collaborators knew there had been any change at all.

The new "State" Constitutions enacted between 1863 and 1871 were equally vague and deceitful, appearing very similar to prior service contracts and calculated to hide what was actually going on from the American Public.

By February 2nd 1871, the assets of the actual Autochthonous Nation States had been illegally and illogically misidentified as assets of the Federal Republic and had been cashiered in covert State Trusts, like the Michigan State (Trust).

This is what gives rise to the grammatical nightmare of "the Michigan State Capitol" and "California State University".

As an analogy, if the company hired to mow your lawn went bankrupt, or for any reason failed to perform, would this justify an assumption that your property was part of their bankruptcy or incompetence? Would this scenario justify an assumption that your home was an asset of their bankrupt business? Or an unclaimed chattel of theirs?

Certainly not, yet this is precisely the "reasoning" employed to secretly latch upon the assets of the American States and cashier them in State Trusts controlled by the Perpetrators of this gigantic fraud scheme.

With the State assets illegally cashiered in trusts controlled by the Perpetrators under False Pretenses, the original American State of State organizations inoperable, and British Territorial States of States operating as franchises of the British Territorial corporation calling itself "the United States of America" --- Incorporated, there was nothing to stop the Perpetrators from bypassing Due Process owed to the actual States and People.

According to them and what they told the rest of the world, we had ceased to exist. Our lawful American Government was reportedly "in interregnum" and in the meantime, our British Territorial and Holy Roman Empire Federal Subcontractors were "assuming" a "custodial interest" in our assets.

In this way, the British Territorial Government under contract to our States, contrived to unlawfully convert our State assets into Public Trust assets controlled by their Agents, and to mothball and substitute their own "services" for both our Autochthonous American States-of-State organizations and our lawful State Governments.

This is all premeditated, malicious, self-interested legal chicanery and constructive fraud, by which our foreign employees have attempted to erase our national sovereignty, use our assets as collateral backing their debts, and ultimately, bring False Claims on Abandonment against our assets for their benefit.

We never abandoned anything, just like we never volunteered to act as "Taxpayers" and never knowingly adopted U.S. Citizenship, and were told nothing about the Roman Inferior Trust ESTATES established for us under the resoundingly False Presumption that we were ever "citizens of the United States", either.

These False Friends and False Representatives impersonated the American States and seized upon their assets, and have controlled our State assets by dint of secrecy, False Legal Presumptions, and False Claims dependent on similar names deceits.

Our original state-of-state entities doing business as, for example, The State of New York, were members of the failed Confederation.

Likewise, the stricken State Republics and Republics of State, such as the Texas Republic and Republic of Texas, were members of the failed Federal Republic.

Their assets might, arguably, be salvaged and secured by the British Territorial Federal Subcontractors doing business as the United States of America, Incorporated ---- but not the assets of our Autochthonous Nation-States.

Our Autochthonous unincorporated States of the Union are members of the unincorporated Federation of States.

There are no "United States Corporations" present for British Interests to seize upon or assume any custodial interest in.

In the same way, there is no excuse for them impersonating our States as State Trusts, substituting their state-of-state organizations for ours, nor any of the criminal impersonations and undisclosed registrations of individual Americans that have taken place.

There is no plausible excuse for them bringing their Admiralty and Maritime courts ashore and misaddressing American civilians as corporate franchises and foreign persons in their own country.

All of this is in direct violation of both The Constitution of the United States of America and The Constitution of the United States, Article IV, in its entirety.

These men and women are present in our country to provide us with essential government services in "good faith", not to practice crimes of personage against us and pretend that they are our "representatives", custodians, guardians, and trustees.

For those who cannot believe that the Admiralty and Maritime courts presently operating in this country have been used to promote illegal and immoral confiscation of Autochthonous American assets, to commit personage against average Americans, to create a rigged bond market and to provide commissions masked as "pension payments" to the men and women engaged in this criminal activity, we are attaching a 66 page pdf file that adequately explains the Court Registry Investment System (CRIS) and documents its receipts.

[orassian]

/ FOREIGN SYSTEM OVERRIDE DETECTED / / TRIANGULATING ORIGIN OF TRANSMISSION / / > Returned Transmission Vector: / > - SB01AL, Orassian Order of Templars / > - V07KNA, Unclaimed Sector / > - VLEI1Q, Unclaimed Sector / > - BN264L, Raxing Oligarchy / > - R1PDN9, Unclaimed Sector / > - RYN7A4, Alari Interstellar Commonwealth / > - D58KA1, Vegvian Nomad Fleet / > - RPWN16, Interstellar Union of Combine Colonies / > - 001L39, The Elepharchy / > - 10DL1V, Interstellar Union of Combine Colonies / TRIANGULATION SUCCESSFUL / / ORIGIN CONFIRMED: Interstellar Union of Combine Colonies / / MATRIARCH HAS BEEN INFORMED / / MATRON COUNCIL HAS BEEN INFORMED / / ORASSIAN HIGH COMMAND HAS BEEN INFORMED / / ORASSIAN GUN REPRESENTATIVE HAS BEEN INFORMED / / HOMING ONTO THE INCOMING TRANSMISSION /

Testing reception... 1... 2...

Oh... It seems that the origin of our transmissions has been discovered by our rivals. I suppose it was only a matter of time. It's doubtful the Matriarchy has the technical means to stop our broadcasts from entering into their space, unless they have allies as powerful as we do.

Let us turn on the visual feed. Our studio has changed a little for the upcoming occasion.

/ ENABLING CATCH PROTOCOLS FOR VISUAL FEED /

Yshiradh, Orassian nation and aliens from the beyond! I'm Erhrdra D'Kara, the hostess of 'People's News Republic'. We're an independent news agency geared towards unbiased coverage about current events happening in the Orassian space.

A significant event for the entire nation happened several weeks ago when the partisans from the 'Orassian Liberation Front' and the 'Insurgent Priesthood Organisation' successfully stormed main military headquarters of Atasaŋ city. All military units of the enemy had been pacified, and the heavy artillery and infantry stored within was put to use by the insurgents.

During the next few weeks, the OLF and the IPO liberated the entire city and approx. 55% of the entire H'Oumukh Region of Prophet's Promise, which is quite unprecedented in the recent history. By all means, the entire nation had witnessed the start of a large-scale civil war.

The Matron Council and the Matriarch had declared a state of emergency and will be mobilizing all military assets to put and end to the fast-growing insurgency movement. But, the OLF/IPO remain optimistic, stating their experience in building robust defenses.

(For the purposes of clarity, all of the natural blockers have been omitted from view.)

The fighting hadn't started just on the capitol world, however. Local insurgent cells on J'Kir's Jewel, the terraforming base of Prophet's Promise, rose up to the occasion and claimed two habitation domes in the eastern hemisphere of the moon. One of them is a civilian-class farming and hydroponics facility and the other is a fortress-class overwatch dome. The revolutionaries quoted the events in H'Oumukh Region as a direct inspiration for their actions.

It appears that a lot had been happening behind the scenes. The 'Orassian Liberation Front' had reportedly struck a deal with the disgruntled administration of the Resource Extraction Sector. The latter was being heavily taxed by the Matriarchy in attempt to hoard minerals and strategic resources for themselves, as they no doubt anticipated the rise of the insurgents.

The Central Habitat Complex of the sector's administration had been retrofitted to serve as the HQ for the Orassian Liberation Front, opening a new space frontier.

Currently, in context of recent events, our correspondents report heavy fighting happening in the northern system of the Orassian space. The insurgents are being hammered by the Matriarchy's assault fleet divisions. The former are resorting to hit-and-run tactics to exhaust the opponent, while slowly striking at the starbase with particle lances.

We anticipate that there will be a lot to cover in the coming weeks, though it's unclear how much we will be able to reveal in order not to compromise the OLF's intelligence departments. What is certain, however, is that this is a pivotal point for the entire nation and the start of our fight for democracy.

For tonight, that is all. This has been 'People's News Republic'.

Truth to the people. Freedom to the oppressed. Remembrance to the fallen.

/ TRANSMISSION END /

[ajmakoko]

No, this isn't what is happening.

Elon and Trump are both owned by Putin. Putin is Russia's leader and is part of BRICS. BRICS wants to come out with a currency that is gold backed, oil backed, and other mineral backed. We are already in WW3 over these minerals around the entire world, along with spaces that will be more habitable for upcoming climate change.

BRICS countries want as much of each of these resources as they can get before the currency is released. And they also need to collapse USD and western wealth, partially to mess with oil trades and partially to weaken the trading power of the entire west.

Tesla ($TSLA) valuation has always been artifical bc it's how Elon gets paid and eventually a wealth transfer will happen back. Elon and foreign governments including Saudi Arabia have been inflating his stock. He then can take loans out against the stock that are very low interest rate, while the stock (theoretically) appreciates at a much greater rate than the loan interest - always coming out ahead. Either way, the inflation of the stock by pseudo investors and the later loan are essentially him money laundering bribes.

Likewise, as a real estate guy, Trump can put loans on properties he owns - but I will say Trump did just make several billion in his Trump crypto coin, and yes, crypto is part of this. Have you ever read about how art is sometimes used for money laundering? Well, guess what, real estate in the US is the same (and that's also why so many sex workers are real estate agents - they are getting paid for their sex work but it's getting labeled as their real estate agent fees). Thus, US housing price is inflated by criminal activity. And they will collapse the housing market with the federal grant freeze alone.

They are also messing with the bonds system by infiltrating the treasury (almost certainly a main goal).

And when they are done, our assets (including all the gold and oil in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, California, etc) will belong to BRICS. And our leaders are too scared to admit this to the public.

Trump will be trafficking humans and drugs all over the world for money as well. He most recently got some shipping containers for human trafficking. The people will be used for slave labor or perhaps parts. Anyone declared a criminal or 'illegal immigrant' can be sent. Likely he will allow other countries to carry out the death penalty and he has already expanded the death penalty to be compulsory in some cases, namely, if you murder a police officer (doesn't exclude K9 units or robots); or if you committed any crime where the death penalty is available AND you're a migrant.

He needs foreign governments to help scramble the records of where people are ending up. Don't forget, Assad went to Russia too, and Assad ran some of the most sophisticated and massive death camps in modern times. And again, Russia owns Trump. They are all in it together to take down the west.

https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-floats-foreign-imprisonment-us-criminals-repeat-offenders-rcna189522

https://www.nbcnews.com/investigations/incoming-trump-administration-plans-deport-migrants-countries-rcna182896

https://www.semafor.com/article/02/06/2025/trump-administration-container-company-to-provide-temporary-migrant-housing

What will happen next with Israel will be... I mean no one knows ig. BRICS, especially India, Russia, Iran, will use Israel to further their own causes. Then they will backstab them. Egypt is also part of BRICS and is notably where Trump wants to send Gazans (and who will be checking to make sure they aren't being trafficked?).

Australia is also in some danger due to their gold, my guess is likely from China but who knows.

We're all rightfully upset about the fascism, but also I think it looks like the B Story here is that Musk and Trump are both materially broke.

Unless they liquidate assets that would cost them power and control, which obviously they don't want to do. So instead they're staging a heist on the US Treasury and trying to redirect our tax dollars into their own businesses.

This feels like the plotline to a South Park episode and I mean that extremely derogatorily.

[vimalkumar]

How to File Your Income Tax Return in Ahmedabad – A Complete Beginner’s Guide

Introduction

Filing your income tax return is a crucial financial responsibility for every taxpayer in India, including those residing in Ahmedabad. Whether you are a salaried individual, a business owner, or a professional, understanding the process of Income Tax Return Filing in Ahmedabad can save you from penalties and help you claim rightful refunds. This comprehensive beginner’s guide will walk you through every step of filing your Income Tax Return (ITR) efficiently and accurately.

What is Income Tax Return Filing?

Income Tax Return Filing is the process of submitting your income details, tax payments, and deductions to the Income Tax Department of India. This declaration enables the government to assess your tax liability and ensures transparency in your financial dealings. Filing your ITR is mandatory if your income exceeds certain thresholds or if you meet specific criteria set by the tax authorities.

In Ahmedabad, a bustling economic hub, Income Tax Return Filing has become increasingly streamlined due to digital advancements, allowing taxpayers to file returns conveniently online.

Who Needs to File an Income Tax Return in Ahmedabad?

The following categories of taxpayers in Ahmedabad are required to file their Income Tax Returns:

Individuals (residents and NRIs) with a total income above ₹2.5 lakh (below 60 years of age).

Senior citizens aged 60-80 years with an income above ₹3 lakh.

Super senior citizens aged 80 years and above with an income of over ₹5 lakh.

Companies, LLPs, and partnership firms, regardless of income or loss.

Individuals claiming tax refunds.

Residents owning foreign assets or earning foreign income.

Taxpayers who want to carry forward losses under the capital gains or business heads.

Those with significant bank deposits, foreign travel expenses, or high electricity bills, as per the Income Tax rules.

Documents Required for Income Tax Return Filing in Ahmedabad

Proper documentation is essential for hassle-free Income Tax Return Filing in Ahmedabad. The required documents vary depending on your income source:

For Salaried Individuals:

PAN Card (Permanent Account Number)

Aadhaar Card

Form 16 (issued by the employer)

Salary slips

Form 26AS (Tax Credit Statement)

Bank account details

Investment proofs for claiming deductions (e.g., under Section 80C)

For Self-Employed and Business Owners:

Profit and Loss account

Balance sheet

Books of accounts related to transactions

TDS certificates (Form 16A, 16B, or 16C)

Bank statements

GST returns (if applicable)

Step-by-Step Process for Income Tax Return Filing in Ahmedabad

Filing your ITR online is now the most preferred and convenient method. Here’s a detailed step-by-step guide to help you file your return correctly:

Step 1: Register/Login on the Income Tax e-Filing Portal

Visit the official Income Tax Department e-filing website and log in using your PAN as the User ID and your password.

Step 2: Select the Assessment Year

Choose the correct assessment year (for example, AY 2025-26 for FY 2024-25).

Step 3: Choose the Appropriate ITR Form

Select the ITR form based on your income sources. Standard forms for individuals include ITR-1 (Sahaj), ITR-2, ITR-3, etc.

Step 4: Fill in Income and Deduction Details

Enter your income details, tax payments, and deductions accurately. Validate the pre-filled information such as PAN, Aadhaar, and bank details.

Step 5: Validate and Compute Tax

Cross-verify your details with Form 26AS and other tax statements. Compute your tax liability and claim deductions under applicable sections like 80C, 80D, etc.

Step 6: Submit and E-Verify Your Return

Submit the ITR online and complete the verification process using an Aadhaar OTP, net banking, EVC, or by sending a signed physical copy of ITR-V to the CPC, Bengaluru, within 30 days.

Step 7: Download Acknowledgment

After successful submission, download the ITR-V acknowledgment for your records.

Important Deadlines and Penalties

Due Dates for Filing ITR in Ahmedabad:

For individuals and non-audit cases: 31st July of the assessment year.

For taxpayers requiring an audit (businesses with turnover above the threshold): 31st October.

Penalties for Late Filing:

₹1,000 if income is below ₹5 lakh.

₹5,000 if income is above ₹5 lakh (if filed after due date but before 31st December).

Interest under Section 234A on tax due.

Loss of certain tax benefits and inability to carry forward losses.

Possible scrutiny by the Income Tax Department.

Tips for Smooth Income Tax Return Filing

Keep all your documents organized before starting the filing process.

Use the pre-filled data option on the Income Tax e-filing portal to minimize errors.

Double-check all income and deduction details against Form 26AS.

File your return well in advance of the due date to avoid last-minute issues.

If unsure, consult a certified Income Tax Consultant in Ahmedabad for expert guidance.

Conclusion

Filing an Income Tax Return in Ahmedabad is a straightforward process when you understand the requirements and follow the correct steps. Filing your ITRs timely and accurately not only keeps you compliant with the law but also ensures you can claim refunds and carry forward losses efficiently. Whether you are a salaried employee or a business owner, leveraging online portals and expert advice can make your tax filing experience smooth and stress-free.

[pilawturkey]

Company Establishment in Turkey

Company establishment in Turkey has become a popular avenue for both foreign and domestic investors, offering numerous benefits such as a young population, favorable currency rates, and decreasing production and labor costs. The dynamic economy, strategic location, and favorable regulatory framework have made Turkey an attractive destination for businesses aiming to expand in the region.

Legal Framework

The foundation of company registration in Turkey is governed by the Turkish Commercial Code (Law No. 6102). This key legislation outlines the legal requirements for forming a company, regardless of whether the business is owned by domestic or foreign entrepreneurs. Complementary laws, such as the Turkish Code of Obligations (No. 6098) and Turkish Civil Code (No. 4721), also play a role in specific aspects of company operations.

Under the law, companies in Turkey acquire legal personality upon registration with the Trade Registry, meaning they are recognized as separate legal entities. This legal separation allows companies to enjoy rights and undertake obligations in their own name, and protects investors from personal liability in many cases.

Foreign Investment in Turkey

Foreigners are allowed to establish companies in Turkey with the same rights as Turkish citizens. The Foreign Direct Investment Law (No. 4875), enacted in 2013, eliminated the legal distinctions between foreign and domestic investors, providing equal treatment to both. This legal framework makes it easier for foreign investors to enter the Turkish market and benefit from its growing opportunities.

Recent legislative developments, such as the 2024 FATF Decision on Türkiye, have further improved Turkey’s attractiveness as an investment hub, particularly with the enactment of new laws like the Turkish Crypto Law (No. 7518). This law addresses critical areas such as digital assets, cryptocurrencies, and peer-to-peer platforms, providing clarity and structure for investors interested in emerging technologies.

Company Types and Registration Process

Investors have the option to establish five types of companies in Turkey, as stipulated in the Turkish Commercial Code:

Collective Companies

Commandite Companies

Cooperatives

Limited Companies

Joint-Stock Companies

The incorporation process can be efficiently completed through MERSİS, the Central Registry System, allowing businesses to finalize registration electronically. One notable advantage in Turkish company law is the ability to establish a single-shareholder joint-stock company or a single-member limited liability company.

To register a company, several steps must be followed:

Draft and sign the company contract,

Prepare signature declarations of company officials,

Pay relevant fees, including the Competition Authority share and capital,

Submit required documents to the Trade Registry Office.

Taxation and Corporate Governance

In Turkey, companies are generally subject to a 20% corporate income tax, while finance-related businesses like banks face a higher rate of 25%. Investors should stay updated on tax changes, including the 2024 amendments to Turkish tax laws, as they can significantly impact business operations.

Once a company is established, the proper management of corporate governance becomes crucial. The Turkish Commercial Code includes specific provisions on how the board of directors should function, ensuring that businesses operate smoothly and in compliance with national laws. Companies must adhere to these corporate governance rules to maintain their legal standing and avoid potential legal issues.

Investment Opportunities and Methods

In addition to direct company establishment, foreign investors may consider other investment options in Turkey, such as:

Share Acquisition: Buying shares of an existing company instead of establishing a new one,

Liaison Offices: Setting up representative offices that handle non-commercial activities,

Franchising: Turkey’s franchising market is open to foreign entrepreneurs, though it is governed by general contract law rather than specific franchising regulations.

Moreover, the Investment Incentive Regime provides significant benefits for businesses in various sectors, including tax reductions, exemptions, and subsidies, making it an appealing option for entrepreneurs considering long-term investments in Turkey.

Additional Steps and Requirements

Beyond the formal registration process, businesses must fulfill several other requirements to begin operations, including:

Opening a bank account,

Obtaining a tax identification number,

Registering for social security if employees are hired,

Acquiring relevant licenses and permits based on the industry.

For example, businesses in the health sector are subject to additional licensing requirements, and recent updates to the 2024 Medical Laboratories Regulation have made significant changes in this field.

Liquidation Process

Companies in Turkey may undergo liquidation through either a voluntary or compulsory process. Liquidation involves selling the company’s assets, collecting receivables, and paying off debts. The liquidation procedure is governed by the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Code (No. 2004) and requires careful management to ensure that the legal entity is properly dissolved.

Conclusion

Turkey’s favorable legal environment, strategic location, and recent regulatory developments offer substantial opportunities for investors. Whether establishing a new company, acquiring shares, or exploring franchising opportunities, Turkey’s business-friendly framework provides a solid foundation for growth. By navigating the legal and bureaucratic processes with the help of experienced legal professionals, foreign and domestic entrepreneurs can successfully establish and expand their businesses in Turkey.

For more information about this topic, please click to https://www.pilc.law/establishment-of-a-company-in-turkey/

[visatips]

The Entrepreneur's Guide: Nailing the Corporate Visa for Business Owners in 2025

For the ambitious business owners and dynamic startup founders of Mumbai, the world is your market. International travel for client meetings, trade fairs, and supplier negotiations is not a luxury; it's essential for growth. But when you are the boss, applying for a business visa presents a unique set of challenges. There is no HR department to issue letters for you; you are the company. Understanding how to apply for a corporate visa for business owners is about learning how to represent your own enterprise effectively to a foreign consulate. This guide will break down how to build a powerful application when you are seeking a corporate visa for business owners.

You Are the Corporation: The Key Documentation Shift

The fundamental difference when applying for a visa as a business owner is the shift in focus. An employee's application aims to prove they are a valuable asset with a stable job. As an owner, your application must prove that your company is a legitimate, stable, and ongoing enterprise. The consulate needs to see that the business itself is your anchor in India. This means the documentation required for a corporate visa for business owners is different. Instead of salary slips, you must provide:

Company Registration Documents: Your Certificate of Incorporation, GST Registration Certificate, Partnership Deed, etc.

Company Financials: Your company's bank statements for the last six months and Income Tax Returns (ITR) for the last 2-3 years.

This paperwork proves the health of your business, which is the foundation of a successful application for a corporate visa for business owners.

Crafting Your Own Guarantee: The Cover Letter and Financials

Since there's no employer to sponsor you, you must sponsor yourself through your company. This is a critical distinction for any corporate visa for business owners application.

The Cover Letter: You will write and sign the cover letter yourself, but it must be on your official company letterhead. This letter is your direct communication with the visa officer. It must clearly state your role (e.g., Director, Proprietor), the detailed purpose and itinerary of your trip, and explicitly declare that your company will be bearing all trip-related expenses.

Proof of Funds: This is heavily scrutinized. You must provide both your personal and your company's bank statements and ITRs. This demonstrates that both the business and you personally are financially sound. This dual proof of financial health is a cornerstone of the corporate visa for business owners process.

Proving Your Unbreakable Ties to India

For any self-employed applicant, proving your intent to return to India is paramount. The success of your corporate visa for business owners application can hinge on this point. You build this case by providing evidence of:

Business Roots: A long-standing company, a significant client base in India, and ongoing projects.

Personal Roots: Family ties (spouse, children), property ownership, and other assets in India. Your application must paint a clear picture of a successful individual firmly rooted in India, traveling only for a temporary and specific business purpose.

In conclusion, while the documentation for a corporate visa for business owners differs from that of an employee, the process is entirely manageable with thorough preparation. It’s about presenting a credible and compelling case for yourself as a professional and for your company as a legitimate, thriving entity. For busy entrepreneurs whose time is their most valuable asset, getting professional help can be a game-changing investment. Engaging specialized services for business visas ensures your application is as strong and professional as the business you've built.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What is the most important document when applying for a corporate visa for business owners?

While all documents are important, the most critical are often your company's registration documents and its financial statements. These prove that your business is a legitimate, ongoing concern, which is the primary "tie" anchoring you to your home country.

2. How much money should I show in my company's bank account?

There is no magic number. The account should show a healthy, consistent balance that is sufficient to comfortably cover the entire cost of your proposed trip and reflects regular business activity. Large, unexplained last-minute deposits should be avoided.

3. Can I just use my personal bank account to show proof of funds?

It is highly discouraged. Since you are traveling for business on behalf of your company, the company should be shown as the primary sponsor. You must submit both company and personal bank statements to show the full financial picture.

4. As the owner of a new startup, how can I prove my company's stability?

For new startups (1-2 years old), this can be challenging. You should provide what you have: company registration, bank statements showing initial investment and cash flow, major client contracts, and a detailed business plan. In your cover letter, focus on the future projects and growth that require you to return to India.

[autistic-speedbump]

Anytime I hear MAGAts crying and whining about putting Mr. Donald in power, I can't help but remember a moment from my youth:

I was in a restaurant with my mom and sister. A few booths away was a mother and her kids. The waitress comes over with their food and I very clearly hear the mother say "don't touch the plate, it's very hot."

A moment later, one of the kids starts screaming and crying, followed by the mother asking what happened.

"I touched the plate and it was hot!"

We told y'all he's a Russian asset. The investigations showed he's a Russian asset. It was very fucking obvious that he's a Russian asset.

And what did y'all do? You went and started wearing these shirts.

Like, you agreed that he's a Russian asset. And you STILL voted for him, knowing full well he was an agent of a hostile foreign power.

And now you're acting like y'all didn't know he's a Russian asset while you apologize for putting him in power again. Well guess what? Fuck your apologies. You wore the shirts, you made the choice. By putting him back in the white house, you're all Russian assets as well. WILLING ones at that, seeing as how you knew full well what he was about as you filled out your ballots.

You all proudly declared that you would rather be a Russian than a Democrat.

You can't shake the devil's hand and say you were only kidding.

Traitors, the lot of you.

Same

[mariacallous]

In farewell remarks to the State Department last week, then-U.S. President Joe Biden declared that Iran “is weaker than it’s been in decades.”

Biden’s comments typified current assessments on Iran from the United States and Israel, and there are growing signs that the latter is considering exploiting Tehran’s tenuous position with strikes on Iranian nuclear sites. This comes as more hawkish figures in the Iranian government have called for modifying the country’s nuclear doctrine in the event of an existential threat—publicly flirting with the prospect of weaponization.

But just how weakened is Iran, and does it truly have intentions of making a dash for the bomb? These are key questions for the Trump administration to consider as its foreign policy begins to take shape.

There’s no doubt that the past 15 months have been devastating to Iran’s so-called Axis of Resistance. A brutal multifront war launched by Israel after the Oct. 7, 2023, attack has left Hamas and Hezbollah, two crucial Iranian proxies, severely diminished. Both militant groups, which saw their longtime leaders killed amid the fighting, have agreed to cease-fires with Israel.

Hamas was a “strategic asset for Iran in so far as it could threaten Israel’s security from Gaza,” said Gregory Brew, a senior analyst with Eurasia Group. “That’s done. It’s over. Hamas is not an asset for Iran anymore, and it likely never will be again.”

Hezbollah has also been “reduced in such a way that it will take years to rebuild to the point that it can provide deterrence for Iran,” Brew said, adding that the Lebanese militant group has transformed from a “strategic asset” for Tehran to a “strategic liability.”

Meanwhile, Israeli strikes last October dealt a major blow to Iranian air defenses and missile production. Months later, Iran has not made good on threats to retaliate—likely because it’s not in a good position to strike back.

“Striking Israel a third time would invite an Israeli counterstrike that could further embarrass and weaken Iran,” said Sanam Vakil, the director of the Middle East and North Africa program at Chatham House. Iran, which is clearly “experiencing a real pronounced and serious moment of difficulty,” will therefore try to avoid that approach “at all costs,” she added.

Israel has been very effective in decimating “much of Iran’s deterrent capacity across the region since Oct. 7” while showcasing its “military and intelligence superiority” via its “willingness and ability to strike Iran directly,” Vakil said.

To top it all off, Tehran also lost one of its closest allies in the region with the Assad regime’s collapse in Syria last month. Iran was in a “fairly good” regional position a year ago, Brew said. “Now that position is in ruins, and it really does need to be emphasized how much Iran has lost,” he added.

Beyond the military dynamics, Iran’s economy continues to struggle under the weight of international sanctions atop systemic mismanagement, Vakil said, which has had rippling consequences across the country’s political system and society.

Iran now faces the prospect of further economic woes and increased isolation with President Donald Trump back in the White House. Trump’s advisors have called for him to reinstitute a policy of “maximum pressure”—devastating economic sanctions with the goal of squeezing Tehran into negotiating a more stringent version of the 2015 nuclear deal.

The maximum pressure approach was not successful during Trump’s first term, which also saw the United States and Iran pushed to the brink of war following the U.S. drone strike in 2020 that killed Qassem Suleimani, who led Iran’s elite Quds Force. Tehran’s nuclear program is also now even more developed than it was when Trump withdrew from the Obama-era nuclear deal in 2018. Iran’s breakout time to a nuclear weapon is currently considered to be just one to two weeks. Taken together, these factors could make military strikes on Iran’s nuclear facilities more attractive to Trump.

But Iran’s weakened state should not be overstated—it can still cause problems for the United States and is capable of defending itself, experts said.

“Iran is considerably weakened” but still “has the capacity to inflict harm on its adversaries” through missile attacks and nonstate allies who are capable of damaging U.S. interests and allies in the region, said Naysan Rafati, the senior Iran analyst at the International Crisis Group.

“There is still a military capacity. The Revolutionary Guards still exist. And the ballistic missile fleet is still there. They still have drones. They still have a naval presence in the [Persian] Gulf,” Rafati added.

“Iran is not powerless,” said Brew, emphasizing that it retains allies in both Iraq and Yemen. The Iran-backed Houthi rebel group in Yemen, which repeatedly attacked commercial vessels in the Red Sea in response to the war in Gaza, remains a threat despite a pledge to limit attacks following the Israel-Hamas cease-fire agreement.

In early January, Iran launched large-scale military exercises that Rafati said demonstrated “there is still a saber they can rattle.” One of the highlights of the exercises, which Iran’s semi-official SNN news agency said were meant to test the country’s air defenses, was a simulated aerial assault on Iran’s Natanz nuclear facility.

Brew said the exercises were designed to send a “very clear” message to Iran’s adversaries: “‘We have a large military. We are a large country. Maybe we don’t have the flashiest toys, but we have a lot of stuff. We have a lot of men. And we’re taking a defensive posture. We have missiles in underground cities that can withstand bombardment. We have a nuclear program that is ringed in air defenses. We are a fortress. And if you come at us, then there will be consequences.’”

Iran also demonstrated what it’s capable of last year via its drone and missile attacks on Israel. These attacks didn’t cause significant damage, but this was largely thanks to U.S. assistance. Similar attacks in the future could present challenges for both the United States and Israel.

“It is very expensive to shoot down drones and missiles. And both the U.S. and Israel do not have an infinite supply of air defenses—anti-drone and anti-missile interceptors,” Brew said.

Along these lines, it’s possible that if Iran launches another large-scale missile and drone attack on Israel that “more projectiles will get through simply due to the fact that the U.S. and Israel won’t be able to shoot all of them down,” Brew said. “They simply won’t have the means.”

Though Iran’s weakened status has certainly raised concerns in Washington that Tehran could pursue a nuclear weapon to reestablish deterrence and bolster both its regional and global position, there’s still “no indication that they’ve taken a decision toward weaponization,” Rafati said.

“There are also signals coming out of Tehran that they are interested in talking to the Trump administration in some capacity,” Rafati said.

Additionally, Iran has an interest in remaining a nuclear threshold state. “It has much more to gain and a lot less to lose in this moment. The moment it weaponizes, it loses its negotiation leverage and the ability to extract concessions from the international community,” Vakil said.

A preemptive move to take out Iran’s nuclear program could also carry grave risks. “Not only would it start a crisis—it could very well start a war,” Brew said.

“In order for it to be effective, the strike would have to eliminate Iran’s program comprehensively to the point that Iran has no enriched uranium left and really no basis upon which to rebuild a weapons program quickly,” Brew said. “Blowing up the whole program” would necessitate a “big operation” with “extremely expensive aircraft,” he added, and would likely require eliminating all of Iran’s air defenses and most of its air force. Brew also underscored that there’s “a general consensus that bombing the Iranians drives them to a bomb.”

With its military and economy in dire straits, Tehran is increasingly looking to Moscow for support. Though Russia and Iran signed a broad cooperation treaty last week, the pact does not contain a mutual defense arrangement. But the growing ties between Moscow and Tehran, which have shaped the war in Ukraine, present yet another factor for Trump—who pledged “no new wars” on the campaign trail—to consider in the days ahead.

“This is a historic moment to further weaken Iran. It is also a historic moment to engage in diplomacy with Iran and take advantage of these weaknesses,” Vakil said.