#macroclimatically

[colubmariummeteora]

PROMETHEAN & APOCALYPTIC ELEMENT

The technology that arguably sparked the progression of early humans and later civilizations - the fireplace - has now more or less disappeared as a discrete object or place within architecture, and we have hardly noticed this erasure. Whereas, according to Gottfried Semper, the first cultures were supposedly formed by gathering around fires, and whereas fireplaces were the focal point of dwelling (literally the focus, in the Latin etymology), now this center cannot hold. The former tasks of the fireplace - heating, cooking, lighting, a gathering place and dispersal point for media and culture - these tasks have been divided up among multiple devices, and spread like tentacles through systems that penetrate every hidden space of architecture.

Around 1160 AD, in Conisbrough Castle, England, the fireplace migrated for perhaps the first time from the center of the living space and became embedded in a thickened wall. Following this revelation - that architecture and combustion could be integrated - a series of fireplace innovations unfold throughout the centuries, peaking first during the Enlightenment, when various scientific "smoke doctors" began the serious study of radiation and convection. Reyner Banham speculated that what forced the greatest minds of the US to design ever more efficient and powerful fireplaces (and then stoves) was the poor insulation qualities of America's prevalent balloon frame housing.

At the same time, the Anglo-Saxon world became obsessed with the fireplace as the ur-symbol of family, community, even nation.

The fireplace's functions began to diverge in the 19th century, taken over by individual, non- architectural devices. Cooking was taken care of by the metal stove; heating became flameless, automated, relegated to a basement boiler and carried by pipes and radiators; lighting was taken care of by the bulb or strip; media and storytelling by the radio, the television, now the personal screen in its various forms. Scattered around the house, we now each have a veritable fireplace that mesmerizes our minds as it warms our palms.

The evolution of the fireplace from an existential and architectural fountainhead into a complex system of thermal (and mental) comfort enables the proliferation of macroclimatic spaces, each expected to be thermally homogenous, a bubble. Architecture gets bigger, and demands for accurate climate control increase accordingly.

Once necessary for survival, the fireplace is now, in the West, a nostalgic luxury, redundant but cherished - providing an extra boost of heat in the centrally-heated home, a ritual (laying the fire), and a sense of community. But in Africa and much of Asia, the fireplace is still predominant in domestic architecture, where it is a major contributor to terminal illnesses.

In the face of the edicts of sustainability to master and maximize the efficiency of our energy use - where every joule and every leakage must be accounted for and ideally compensated through a renewable source - the honest and visible entropy of a burning fireplace becomes appealing again. It's just there, you can see what feeds it, you know it will die, and that's fine.

Broken free from domestic scales in the form of the coal power plant, these giant fireplaces serving millions of homes are a principal culprit of global warming. If a stable and reliable fireplace was once crucial to the survival and flourishing of human cultures, the future of civilization might depend on accelerating the extinction of the fireplace, in all its forms...

[prasad111]

LEAD SHEATHED CABLES: DESIGN AND APPLICATIONS

To increase the extent of protection of an electrical cable from unauthorized connection, vibration, pressure, moisture, also as exposure to chemicals, special metal sheaths are included in its design. Lead Sheathed Copper Tape Manufacturers in India, one among the foremost popular and high-quality materials for creating such protective sheaths for cables is lead, which has excellent characteristics of warmth resistance, water resistance and tightness.

Applications of Lead Sheathed Cables

Lead-sheathed cables are used for power lines in regional and city networks, at Lead Sheathed Copper Tape Manufacturers in Mumbai, industrial enterprises, for energy-intensive lines for voltage class up to 220 kV as power cables, also as for communication lines (telephone, radio, digital, etc.) and tv , having good chemical resistance to environmental influences. the planning of the cables allows them to be utilized in all macroclimatic regions (temperate, cold, tropical).

 Lead cables (in a lead sheath) are often laid in trenches, underground cable ducts, directly within the ground with varying degrees of aggressive impact, in rooms with the utilization of varied cable support systems, open through the air, subject to the required protection against the consequences of atmospheric influences. Lead Sheathed Copper Tape Exporters, Telephony and frequency cables are usually laid in pipes, tunnels, collectors, also as in places that aren't subject to significant electromagnetic interference.

 Design and Advantages of Lead Sheathed Cables

Current-carrying conductors of power cables during a lead sheath are often made from aluminum (grades AE, AT, A6) or copper wires of the MM grade with a structure of sophistication 1 or 2. Lead Sheathed Copper Tape Manufacturers, Cable diameter. For communication cables and frequency cables, small diameter round copper wire is employed.

 As insulation for the cores of power cables, cable paper impregnated with an insulating compound is most frequently used, and it also can have XLPE and rubber insulation (very rarely). Communication cables have insulation within the sort of a winding with a plastic brace, on top of which paper or plastic tapes are applied, or endless layer within the sort of a polyethylene or polystyrene tube. Insulating polyethylene washers are used as insulation for coaxial pairs, on top of which an outer conductor within the sort of a tube made from soft copper tape is applied.

[incancosmology]

Moray pt.4

Transduction

Transduction (v): the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a bacterial cell by a virus or viral vector

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This definition does not really do us any good, since this is in biological terms. For the sake of our discussion, we can think of ritual works as the tranducer. In even more specific terms, “an operative control system comprises institutionalized structures for the transfer of relevant information through all levels of scale - from localized, autonomous groups of farmers up to the experts and down again - and often involves ritual transduction” (Earls & Cervantes, 136). The basic idea behind it regards how a society should be organized so that when the state has to intervene to rectify some imbalance that cannot be dealt with on the local level, they can do so with minimal effort and interference. 

Andean societies in general had developed many complex organizational strategies for the coordination of the multiple parallel activities involved in effective risk dispersion. Agriculture was no exception to this. For small, localized groups, a roughly approximate calendrical compatibility of the season with the main astronomical cycles would suffice for effective coordination of field activities such as sowing or watering. However, more centralized groups did not share the same calendar, so intergroup coordination was hard here.

Regardless, Earls and Cervantes felt that the calendar made up by these groups functioned, at some level for agricultural programming. While there would be difficulty, given that there are certain events that are not constant and everything with weather patterns is uncertain, Moray’s system extended and systematized the astronomical calendar to the agricultural calendar.

Earls specifically fells that the calendar used at Moray would have served to calibrate the maturation time of crops to the distinct macroclimatic conditions in specific terrace sectors. He believed that the Inca people used the structure to extend the astronomical calendar intercalation process to the variable agro-climatic cycles. (This is a fancy way of saying he believed the Incas connected astronomy and crop growing.)

There are also visual cues that the Inkas kept in mind, such as specific cloud formations, or the Pleiades heliacal rise (please click here to be taken to information regarding that event). These visual cues functioned as a measure of the rains to come and the potential date of their arrival, which indicated to the farmers whether it would be an early or late planting season.

The bottom line for Cervantes and Earls, as well as researcher Frank Meddens, who the main authors cite in their writing, is that “any complex agricultural system that relies on nonwritten records would be dependent on highly visible landscape features for coordination of farmers at the local level” (Earls & Cervantes, 139). This would include visual cues from the sky. Rituals, agriculture, and a wide array of political and social decisions revolve around the use of astronomy and celestial events.

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Moray Main || Moray pt.1 || Moray pt.2 || Moray pt.3 || Moray pt. 4 (current page) || Moray - the Pictures

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