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Book Of Genesis - From The Latin Vulgate - Chapter 14

INTRODUCTION.

The Hebrews now entitle all the Five Books of Moses, from the initial words, which originally were written like one continued word or verse; but the Sept. have preferred to give the titles the most memorable occurrences of each work. On this occasion, the Creation of all things out of nothing, strikes us with peculiar force. We find a refutation of all the heathenish mythology, and of the world's eternity, which Aristotle endeavoured to establish. We behold the short reign of innocence, and the origin of sin and misery, the dispersion of nations, and the providence of God watching over his chosen people, till the death of Joseph, about the year 2369 (Usher) 2399 (Sal. and Tirin) B.C. 1631. We shall witness the same care in the other Books of Scripture, and adore his wisdom and goodness in preserving to himself faithful witnesses, and a true Holy Catholic Church, in all ages, even when the greatest corruption seemed to overspread the land. H.

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This Book is so called from its treating of the Generation, that is, of the Creation and the beginning of the world. The Hebrews call it Bereshith, from the word with which it begins. It contains not only the History of the Creation of the World, but also an account of its progress during the space of 2369 years, that is, until the death of Joseph.

The additional Notes in this Edition of the New Testament will be marked with the letter A. Such as are taken from various Interpreters and Commentators, will be marked as in the Old Testament. B. Bristow, C. Calmet, Ch. Challoner, D. Du Hamel, E. Estius, J. Jansenius, M. Menochius, Po. Polus, P. Pastorini, T. Tirinus, V. Bible de Vence, W. Worthington, Wi. Witham. — The names of other authors, who may be occasionally consulted, will be given at full length.

Verses are in English and Latin. HAYDOCK CATHOLIC BIBLE COMMENTARY

This Catholic commentary on the Old Testament, following the Douay-Rheims Bible text, was originally compiled by Catholic priest and biblical scholar Rev. George Leo Haydock (1774-1849). This transcription is based on Haydock's notes as they appear in the 1859 edition of Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary printed by Edward Dunigan and Brother, New York, New York.

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES

Changes made to the original text for this transcription include the following:

Greek letters. The original text sometimes includes Greek expressions spelled out in Greek letters. In this transcription, those expressions have been transliterated from Greek letters to English letters, put in italics, and underlined. The following substitution scheme has been used: A for Alpha; B for Beta; G for Gamma; D for Delta; E for Epsilon; Z for Zeta; E for Eta; Th for Theta; I for Iota; K for Kappa; L for Lamda; M for Mu; N for Nu; X for Xi; O for Omicron; P for Pi; R for Rho; S for Sigma; T for Tau; U for Upsilon; Ph for Phi; Ch for Chi; Ps for Psi; O for Omega. For example, where the name, Jesus, is spelled out in the original text in Greek letters, Iota-eta-sigma-omicron-upsilon-sigma, it is transliterated in this transcription as, Iesous. Greek diacritical marks have not been represented in this transcription.

Footnotes. The original text indicates footnotes with special characters, including the astrisk (*) and printers' marks, such as the dagger mark, the double dagger mark, the section mark, the parallels mark, and the paragraph mark. In this transcription all these special characters have been replaced by numbers in square brackets, such as [1], [2], [3], etc.

Accent marks. The original text contains some English letters represented with accent marks. In this transcription, those letters have been rendered in this transcription without their accent marks.

Other special characters.

Solid horizontal lines of various lengths that appear in the original text have been represented as a series of consecutive hyphens of approximately the same length, such as .

Ligatures, single characters containing two letters united, in the original text in some Latin expressions have been represented in this transcription as separate letters. The ligature formed by uniting A and E is represented as Ae, that of a and e as ae, that of O and E as Oe, and that of o and e as oe.

Monetary sums in the original text represented with a preceding British pound sterling symbol (a stylized L, transected by a short horizontal line) are represented in this transcription with a following pound symbol, l.

The half symbol (1/2) and three-quarters symbol (3/4) in the original text have been represented in this transcription with their decimal equivalent, (.5) and (.75) respectively.

Unreadable text. Places where the transcriber's copy of the original text is unreadable have been indicated in this transcription by an empty set of square brackets, [].

Chapter 14

The expedition of the four kings; the victory of Abram; he is blessed by Melchisedech.

[1] And it came to pass at that time, that Amraphel king of Sennaar, and Arioch king of Pontus, and Chodorlahomor king of the Elamites, and Thadal king of nations, Factum est autem in illo tempore, ut Amraphel rex Senaar, et Arioch rex Ponti, et Chodorlahomor rex Elamitarum, et Thadal rex Gentium

[2] Made war against Bara king of Sodom, and against Bersa king of Gomorrha, and against Sennaab king of Adama, and against Semeber king of Seboim, and against the king of Bala, which is Segor. inirent bellum contra Bara regem Sodomorum, et contra Bersa regem Gomorrhae, et contra Sennaab regem Adamae, et contra Semeber regem Seboim, contraque regem Balae, ipsa est Segor.

[3] All these came together into the woodland vale, which now is the salt sea. Omnes hi convenerunt in vallem Silvestrem, quae nunc est mare salis.

[4] For they had served Chodorlahomor twelve years, and in the thirteenth year they revolted from him. Duodecim enim annis servierunt Chodorlahomor, et tertiodecimo anno recesserunt ab eo.

[5] And in the fourteenth year came Chodorlahomor, and the kings that were with him: and they smote the Raphaim in Astarothcarnaim, and the Zuzim with them, and the Emim in Save of Cariathaim. Igitur quartodecimo anno venit Chodorlahomor, et reges qui erant cum eo : percusseruntque Raphaim in Astarothcarnaim, et Zuzim cum eis, et Emim in Save Cariathaim,

[6] And the Chorreans in the mountains of Seir, even to the plains of Pharan, which is in the wilderness. et Chorraeos in montibus Seir, usque ad Campestria Pharan, quae est in solitudine.

[7] And they returned, and came to the fountain of Misphat, the same is Cades: and they smote all the country of the Amalecites, and the Amorrhean that dwelt in Asasonthamar. Reversique sunt, et venerunt ad fontem Misphat, ipsa est Cades : et percusserunt omnem regionem Amalecitarum, et Amorrhaeum, qui habitabat in Asasonthamar.

[8] And the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrha, and the king of Adama, and the king of Seboim, and the king of Bala, which is Segor, went out: and they set themselves against them in battle array in the woodland vale: Et egressi sunt rex Sodomorum, et rex Gomorrhae, rexque Adamae, et rex Seboim, necnon et rex Balae, quae est Segor : et direxerunt aciem contra eos in valle Silvestri :

[9] To wit, against Chodorlahomor king of the Elamites, and Thadal king of nations, and Amraphel king of Sennaar, and Arioch king of Pontus: four kings against five. scilicet adversus Chodorlahomor regem Elamitarum, et Thadal regem Gentium, et Amraphel regem Sennaar, et Arioch regem Ponti : quatuor reges adversus quinque.

[10] Now the woodland vale had many pits of slime. And the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrha turned their backs and were overthrown there: and they that remained fled to the mountain. Vallis autem Silvestris habebat puteos multos bituminis. Itaque rex Sodomorum, et Gomorrhae, terga verterunt, cecideruntque ibi : et qui remanserant, fugerunt ad montem.

[11] And they took all the substance of the Sodomites, and Gomorrhites, and all their victuals, and went their way: Tulerunt autem omnem substantiam Sodomorum et Gomorrhae, et universa quae ad cibum pertinent, et abierunt :

[12] And Lot also, the son of Abram's brother, who dwelt in Sodom, and his substance. necnon et Lot, et substantiam ejus, filium fratris Abram, qui habitabat in Sodomis.

[13] And behold one that had escaped told Abram the Hebrew, who dwelt in the vale of Mambre the Amorrhite, the brother of Escol, and the brother of Aner: for these had made league with Abram. Et ecce unus, qui evaserat, nuntiavit Abram Hebraeo, qui habitabat in convalle Mambre Amorrhaei, fratris Escol, et fratris Aner : hi enim pepigerant foedus cum Abram.

[14] Which when Abram had heard, to wit, that his brother Lot was taken, he numbered of the servants born in his house, three hundred and eighteen well appointed: and pursued them to Dan. Quod cum audisset Abram, captum videlicet Lot fratrem suum, numeravit expeditos vernaculos suos trecentos decem et octo : et persecutus est usque Dan.

[15] And dividing his company, he rushed upon them in the night: and defeated them, and pursued them as far as Hoba, which is on the left hand of Damascus. Et divisis sociis, irruit super eos nocte : percussitque eos, et persecutus est eos usque Hoba, quae est ad laevam Damasci.

[16] And he brought back all the substance, and Lot his brother, with his substance, the women also and the people. Reduxitque omnem substantiam, et Lot fratrem suum cum substantia illius, mulieres quoque et populum.

[17] And the king of Sodom went out to meet him, after he returned from the slaughter of Chodorlahomor, and of the kings that were with him in the vale of Save, which is the king's vale. Egressus est autem rex Sodomorum in occursum ejus postquam reversus est a caede Chodorlahomor, et regum qui cum eo erant in valle Save, quae est vallis regis.

[18] But Melchisedech the king of Salem, bringing forth bread and wine, for he was the priest of the most high God, At vero Melchisedech rex Salem, proferens panem et vinum, erat enim sacerdos Dei altissimi,

[19] Blessed him, and said: Blessed be Abram by the most high God, who created heaven and earth. benedixit ei, et ait : Benedictus Abram Deo excelso, qui creavit caelum et terram :

[20] And blessed be the most high God, by whose protection the enemies are in thy hands. And he gave him the tithes of all. et benedictus Deus excelsus, quo protegente, hostes in manibus tuis sunt. Et dedit ei decimas ex omnibus.

[21] And the king of Sodom said to Abram: Give me the persons, and the rest take to thyself. Dixit autem rex Sodomorum ad Abram : Da mihi animas, cetera tolle tibi.

[22] And he answered him: I lift up my hand to the Lord God the most high, the possessor of heaven and earth, Qui respondit ei : Levo manum meam ad Dominum Deum excelsum possessorem caeli et terrae,

[23] That from the very woof thread unto the shoe latchet, I will not take of any things that are thine, lest thou say I have enriched Abram: quod a filo subtegminis usque ad corigiam caligae, non accipiam ex omnibus quae tua sunt, ne dicas : Ego ditavi Abram :

[24] Except such things as the young men have eaten, and the shares of the men that came with me, Aner, Escol, and Mambre: these shall take their shares. exceptis his, quae comederunt juvenes, et partibus virorum, qui venerunt mecum, Aner, Escol et Mambre : isti accipient partes suas.

Commentary:

Ver. 1. Sennaar, or Babylon. --- Pontus, Heb. Ellasar, perhaps Thalassar, as Jonathan writes, not far from Eden. --- Elamites, or Persians. --- Nations in Galilee, east of the Jordan, whither the conquered kings directed their course. Josue xii. 23. mentions the king of the nations (foreigners) at Galgal. C.

Ver. 3. Now, in the days of Moses. --- Salt sea; called also the vale of salts, and the dead sea.

Ver. 4. Served. Thus Noe's prediction began to be fulfilled, as Elam was the eldest son of Sem, to whose posterity Chanaan should be slaves. C. ix. 26.

Ver. 5. Raphaim, Zuzim, and Emim, were all of the gigantic race, robbers, like the Arabs. D. --- These dwelt in the land of Basan, or of giants. Deut. iii. 13.

Ver. 6. Chorreans, or Horreans, who dwelt in one part of that extensive range of mountains, which took their name from Seir; perhaps about mount Hor, where Aaron died. C. --- These also were auxiliaries of the five kings, and hence experienced the fury of the four confederates; who cut off all their opponents, before they made their grand attack upon Sodom. H.

Ver. 7. Misphat, or of judgment and contradiction, because there the Hebrews contended with Moses and Aaron: it was afterwards called Cadez. Num. xx. 11. --- Amalecites, that is which they afterwards possessed; for as yet Amelec was unborn. C. xxxvi. 16. M. --- Amorrheans, to the west of Sodom. C.

Ver. 10. Of slime. Bituminis. This was a kind of pitch, which served for mortar in the building of Babel, Gen. xi. 3. and was used by Noe in pitching the ark. Ch. --- Moses does not make this remark without reason. This bitumen would easily take fire, and contribute to the conflagration of Sodom. C. --- Overthrown, not all slain, for the king of Sodom escaped. v. 17.

Ver. 13. The Hebrew, or traveller who came from beyond the Euphrates, (C.) or who dwelt beyond the Jordan, with reference to the five kings. Diodorus.

Ver. 14. Servants, fit for war. Hence we may form some judgment of the power and dignity of Abram, who was considered as a great prince in that country. C. xxiii. 6. He was assisted by Mambre, Escol, and Aner, with all the forces they could raise on such a short warning; and coming upon the four kings unawares, in four divisions, easily discomfits them, while they were busy plundering the cities, and pursues them to Dan; which is either the city that went by that name afterwards, or more probably one of the sources of the Jordan, (H.) which the people of the country call Medan. Neither did he suffer them to repose, before he had retaken all the plunder at Hoba, or Abila, north of the road leading to Damascus. C.

Ver. 18. Melchisedech was not Sem: for his genealogy is given in Scripture. Hebrew xii. 6.; nor God the Son, for they are compared together; nor the Holy Ghost, as some have asserted; but a virtuous Gentile who adored the true God, and was king of Salem, or Jerusalem, and Priest of an order different from that of Aaron, offering in sacrifice bread and wine, a figure of Christ's sacrifice in the Mass; as the fathers constantly affirm. H. --- See Pererius. S. Jerom ep. ad Evagrium, says, "Melchisedech offered not bloody victims, but dedicated the sacrament of Christ in bread and wine...a pure sacrifice." See S. Cyp. ep. 63, ad Cæcil. S. Aug. de C. D. xvi. 22. &c. Many Protestants confess, that this renowned prince of Chanaan, was also a priest; but they will not allow that his sacrifice consisted of bread and wine. In what then? for a true priest must offer some real sacrifice. If Christ, therefore, be a priest for ever according to the order of Melchisedech, whose sacrifice was not bloody, as those of Aaron were, what other sacrifice does he now offer, but that of his own body and blood in the holy Mass, by the ministry of his priests? for he was the priest: this is plainly referred to bringing forth, &c. which shews that word to be sacrificial, as in Judges vi. 18. The Hebrew may be ambiguous. But all know that vau means for as well as and. Thus the English Bible had it, 1552, "for he was the priest." W. --- If Josephus take notice only of Melchisedech, offering Abram and his men corporal refreshment, we need not wonder; he was a Jewish priest, to whom the order of Melchisedech might not be agreeable. It is not indeed improbable, but Abram might partake of the meat, which had been offered in thanksgiving by Melchisedech; and in this sense his words are true. But there would be no need of observing, that he was a priest on this account; as this was a piece of civility expected from princes on similar occasions. Deut. xxiii. 4. 2 K. xvii. 27. H.

Ver. 19. Blessed him, as his inferior, and received tithes of him. Heb. iv. 7. This shews the antiquity of the practice of supporting God's priests by tithes.

Ver. 21. The persons (animas), the souls subject to my dominion. H.

Ver. 22. I lift up. This is the posture of one swearing solemnly, by which we testify our belief, that God dwells in the heavens, and governs the world. C.

Ver. 23. Woof-thread. The first word is added by way of explanation. Abram declares he will not receive the smallest present for himself.

Ver. 24. Their shares, due to them on account of the danger to which they had exposed themselves. The king of Sodom could not but accept these conditions with gratitude. In a just war, whatever is taken by the enemy, cannot be reclaimed by the original proprietor, if it be retaken. Grotius, iii. 6. de Jure.

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