Statistics
We looked inside some of the posts by winifredobanor-blog and here's what we found interesting.
Average Info
Notes Per Post
0
Likes Per Post
0
Reblog Per Post
0
Reply Per Post
0
Time Between Posts
3 days
Number of Posts By Type
Text
17
Last Seen Tumblr Blogs
Fun Fact
130K people were victims of a chain letter scam that affected Tumblr in May 2011.
Text
Week 15b: Equality
What does equality look now and how does it differ from the past?
Case of Libya and the States on the issue of Slavery?
0 notes
Text
Week 15a:
Equality in America is still a thing of the present. It is important that men and women get equal pay and that immigrant who pay into the tax system receive benefits.
0 notes
Text
Week 14b: Graphing
Often times graphs are utilized to tell a type of story. From graphing crime rates, to graphing the inequities found in society it is pivotal that accurate statistics are not only used to convey the material, but also used to inform on policies that work to change the situation.
Not only can graphs inform on how the situation has changed over time, but it can also reflect on the number of people that have been affected by the situation. In addition to that, there is a need to ensure that the source producing the information is validated so that finances and other resources are not fueled into something that does not work.
In many populations, graphs are used to inform on both the type of policy that is to be carried out and used in presentations to convey the current/real-time situation of that people. This information is particularly important when we are discussing minority populations or other disadvantaged community. The reason is that often times resources here are lower which leads to poorer health outcomes and long-term disparities.
0 notes
Text
Week 14a: Approaching policy through goal-orientation.
Understanding that policy can be addressed from either a top-down or bottom up approach can give perspective on the intentions and goals of the policy project. The bottom-up approach allows for the people affected by the policy to have a voice at the table. It takes a systemic approach by avoiding simply just the opinions of people at the top. Often times, the actions carried out by these people do not exactly address the root cause of the issue because they are not directly impacted.
There is thus a need for policy makers to consider taking up the bottom-up approach as it allows for the bypassing of systemic injustices and the promotion of policy implementation that favors the people actually affected.
This concept can be applied to the recent immigration policy that was passed banning several people from certain countries to enter the U.S. If policy makers took a bottom-up approach the resulting policy might not be as it was. Instead, it might be something that thought off how people might feel, financial stability and overall how it affected both the nuclear and extended family dynamic.
0 notes
Text
Week 13b: Impact Evaluations
Randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial) is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment which aims to reduce bias when testing a new treatment. An RCT randomizes who receives a program (or service, or pill) – the treatment group - and who does not – the control. This is particularly important when one thinks about the different injustices especially in terms of race that has happened in the past.
RCTs then compares outcomes between those two groups; this comparison gives us the impact of the program. RCTs do not necessarily require a “no treatment” control – randomization can just as easily be used to compare different versions of the same program, or different programs trying to tackle the same problem. When we think about things like racial injustices and in the case of the Tuskegee Airmen and how there were no watch-points being placed on people of power--these administrators it shows that there is a need to have a system that is bias free and controls for humanistic prefrencing.
0 notes
Text
Week 13a: Impact Evaluations
Having a safety net system in any country serves as a huge benevolence to the people especially those who might be financially challenged. Different nations like Jamaica in this case have employed such systems to cater for its inhabitants. Particularly, Jamaica has something called PATH which stands for Programme Advancement through Health and Education and thus program is a cornerstone of help maintain the integrity of their safety net program.
In the United states, it is equally important that we have programs like this not only to produce better health in the population, but to also encourage higher education attainment.
0 notes
Text
Week 12b: Policy & Experimental Models
The issue of experimenting is on of particular importance when looking at health concerns and clinical testing and trials.
Classic examples draw on time and experience of minority groups. For example, in the past colored people were tested on for drugs, Syphilis and even for curative treatment. Not only were they targeted for procedures that were supposed to be experimental, they also were not told the full scope of the experiment and the associated risks. They were exposed and utilized for science purposes--often detrimental and causing key health consequences like infertility and actual occurrence of disease. When they administered post-test to collect relevant data, often times they all had these diseases and suffered a great deal of bodily harm and received minimal monetary compensation.
A common case is that of Henrietta lacks and how her cells were used for cancer treatments. Not only was this a breakthrough in medicine, her cells were taken from her under pretenses and she or her family never knew or consented to this. Thankfully, now we have protective policies in medicine and the IRB board so that no one is taken advantage of.
0 notes
Text
Week 12a: Framing
The issues facing immigrant and vulnerable people are in how the overall population sees and hears about issues relating to them. Thus it is important for people to be aware of how they are getting their information.
This leads to discussions around natural laws like Boyles law and social laws. it is essential that we continue to increase our understanding of key causes and effect relationships in framing policies as these could impact lives and propagate negative consequences.
The issue of framing is important as well because of the issue correlation. It is correct to think that correlation is not causation, but often times this is the structure that policy is shaped after.
Take a look at the current immigrant ban policy. President Trump’s policy specifically banned people from Muslim counties citing 9/11 and other terrorist events as reasons and rationale for the implementation of the policy. This policy was then amended to a degree that was a little lenient because the cited events correlate but do not necessarily cause the events.
0 notes
Text
Week 11b: Policy Failure and Learning
Learning from policy failure is about changing and adapting behavior.
The single loop learning adjustments based on feedback. This learning discusses outcomes and changing methods based on that. The failure in this method is that the people implementing the policy were not looking at the reasons why students/classrooms where failing. This resulted in classrooms not making adjustments to the policy or even studying or questioning its fundamental assumptions.
On the other hand, double loop learning causes one to rethink the fundamental logic and values that support the entire range of actions around a goal. This produces a stronger output and the reasons why these governing variables are sustainable and make longer term effects.
In the text book, Brikland discusses prostitution. A method that was problematic was policing these street corners and arresting the women. Again, the vulnerable population was the one receiving the “punishment”. However, in double loop learning, men who went to seek these services were the ones who got fined or jailed. This addressed the root cause and the strategy of addressing the problem and better changes resulted.
The Harvard business review has a host of great examples of how to address and learn from failures of all sorts.
0 notes
Text
Week 11a: Policy approach.
What are the benefits of understanding the problems, be it systemic oppression, financial pressures or even problems relating to race and privileges. In society, these approach not only flare up in the business world, or the financial sphere but even the policy administration dichotomy. Civil service and how it relates to it’s constituents is really tricky in that it can really shape people’s life.
There are different approaches to policy implementation: top-down and bottom-up approach.
Top-down approach focused on compliance in a way to get the outcome achieved. It takes the views and operational tactics of the government and works to implement it in the public.
The bottom-up approach works from a larger (people view) down to the governmental (policy influencers) view. This focuses more on behavioral aspects and how people are relating and getting the work done.Street-level bureaucrats are also an integral part of this approach. They focus on better accommodating a system of implementation through stakeholder values and behaviors. For example, Kim Davis discretion did not issue same-sex licenses and that caused her to go to jail. These things do not let people operate in the ways that they might want to because of either their limited power or way they are at the table.
Overall, these approaches can lead to governmental failures in the system. These failures are more likely to affect people already facing inequities and the vulnerable populations in the society. Now only are the inequity gaps increasing, but the new meaning of what it looks like to be in the United States is changing.
0 notes
Text
Week 10b: Good Policy Alternatives.
As a good policy choice can often times be difficult to come to, it is as important to also have good alternatives. In creating policies there needs to be clear definitions on who it affects, ensuring that it does not further cause any inequities. Policies that might cause systemic inequities, further propagate racism and disparities. Policies also need to be checked and vetted that they pass several test, outlined, below to ensure sustainability.
These alternatives need to checked as being:
When these different alternatives are vetted, then the policy can be checked and implementation to law.
0 notes
Text
Week 10: Policy Choice and their Outcomes
The very relationship between a policy capability and a policy outcome is the very reason there needs to be policy implementation. However, just because policy has the potential to change lives for generations to come does not mean that it should not be given the best shot it has to succeed financially, with the current political team, or ensured to be reliable in working for the greatest number of people in the society--whether American born, immigrant or considered an alien.
Policy choices are played out as decisions made by politicians, civil servants, or others granted authority. Directed toward using public power to affect the lives of citizens. Policy outputs are the Policy choices being put into action. When the government does things, be it spending money, hiring people, promulgating regulations that are designed to affect the economy and society these are policy choices that have an effect on humanity’s outcomes. Overall, good policy choices should have a better outcome on people than a negative one.
0 notes
Text
Week 9b: Wilson’s cost-benefit policy typology
Identifying how policy affects people and utilizing these cost-benefit analyses allows for the creation of interest-group policies.
Wilson’s policy typology is really answered in the two below questions:
--> If a policy provides a benefit to you would you support or oppose it?
-->If a policy affects you negatively would you support or oppose it?
Take for instance immigration laws, specifically ban laws to Muslim countries. Many Americans are in support of the law in the context of 9/11 and other acts of terrorism that the country has faced. On the other hand, many Americans who themselves are immigrant are in support of the issue because of how close it could get to home.
If the benefits are concentrated and the costs and distributed do people really understand the full magnitude of what is happening. The focus on who benefits and who pays can both add to the meaning of an issue or take away from it--it comes down to the specific side and view that the individual takes on the issue.
0 notes
Text
Week 9- Redistributive Policies: Winner Takes All (Really?)
Redistributive Policies are defined as taking a resource from one identifiable group and gives a benefit to another readily avaialble group
Free speech is a right. Should the NFL owners come down and define who can and cannot speak. Should the cops come and refuse individuals the right to protest or stand up for injustice in the society? Should immigrants, who are being threatened, be given rights or allowed to have an audience with the American people?
The reason that these issues are redistributing things that we value and because we can identify the people that the things are going to, that makes for a very contentious environment. Making these pockets of people only allows for people to be able to decide if they are losing something.
Take for instance tax dollars providing for farmers in Texas, Education costs and repairing Chicago (MAP) or Taxes being cut down for high income companies.
In these examples, though functioning the same way one would see the latter as more of a loss than the former.
0 notes
Text
Week 8b: Protect, Serve and the President
When people are shown the beauty, the honor and the patriotism of going to ward for their country nobody ever tells you that the country you are fighting for will not appreciate you.
Last week, there was controversy over how President Trump conducted one of the most sacred of presidential tasks generated new turmoil in the White House. This was fresh evidence of Trump's willingness to attack any critic and do battle over the most sensitive of matters. To make matters worse, he disrespected a grieving family of a slain soldier for American service.
It makes one wonder now the type of system that America is in. From immigration issues like DACA and the ban, to the health system insurance issue with the ACA to now this issue with disrespect to patriotic evidence--nothing is sacred anymore.
Many Americans are left to wonder what is happening to their country.
0 notes
Text
Week 8: Agenda Setting & Healthcare Policy in the United States.
There is a saying that there is health in all policies. It is not hard to see the health segment in health policy, but what happens when the priorities of a health bill is not for health, but for financial gain.
The state of health care in the United States compared to other OECD countries is very concerning. Not only does the U.S. spend almost 3 times more than other countries, the health impact is not as significant. Healthcare expenditure is at an all time high in the states due to greater use of medical technology and tertiary care and so medical costs increase and so does the rate of uninsured people. This is of particular concern to the government because vulnerable populations, like low income populations, immigrant populations, children and the elderly are the ones forced to bear the burdens of these consequences.
Less than a week after President Donald Trump signed an executive order to halt government payments that subsidize insurance plans for low-income Americans, Senate leaders agreed in principle to a bill that would cover the payments for two years. The bill contains $160 million to restore outreach and enrollment funding for the Affordable Care Act (ABC News, 2017).
Let’s use policy and set the agenda to prioritize financing health care for all people-- in spite of their ability to pay.
0 notes
Text
Week 7: Plastic bag
The redundancy of plastic bag after one simple use is clogging the waste system in our State. This non-biodegradable item has serious harmful effects both on animal life, human life and the overall ecosystem. An environmental coalition has founded beliefs that taxation should be imposed on plastic bags such as is provided to customers at grocery stored and convenience stores checkouts. This would mean a 5-cents tax on plastic bags. Annually, this environmental problem aggregates to 500 billion plastics. It accounts for extensive litter problems both on land in waterways. Other counties like Uganda, Kenya and South Africa are simply banning the use of plastic bags altogether. While places like San Francisco, Mexico and Washington have pursued both banning and taxation. The State will need to build new major landfills in order to accommodate for the annual 500 billion plastic bags projected to increase in the common years if no action is taken. How does this affect the health of the people? If all people are being taxed, how is the poor affected? How are disadvantaged communities affected? What happens to the tax money? Where does it go and who are the beneficiaries? How is the taxed money utilized to educate or reduce plastic bag use?
Let’s start thinking of new ways to reduce disparities and improving the options for all people. Is it right to tax? To ban? or to come up with new options entirely.
0 notes