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What is the light spectrum of different visible light sources ?

The visible spectrum is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light comprises only a tiny fraction of the entire electromagnetic radiation spectrum, yet it contains the only region of frequencies to which the rods and cones of the human eye will respond. The wavelengths that humans are typically able to visualize lie in a very narrow range between approximately 400 and 700 nanometers.In terms of frequency, this corresponds to a band in the vicinity of 400–790 THz. Humans can observe and respond to stimuli created by visible light because the eyes contain specialized nerve endings that are sensitive to this range of frequencies. However, the remainder of the electromagnetic spectrum is invisible. These boundaries are not sharply defined and may vary per individual.Under optimal conditions these limits of human perception can extend to 310 nm (UV) and 1100 nm.

Visible light wavelength and perceived colors

Visible light sources from nature:

During day time, sunlight is enough for outside on earth, there are also some differences in sunlight spectrum at different latitudes and at different times of day.

At night, natural light is produced by celestial bodies, such as the moon, planets, and stars, in addition to the periodic Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights), and the occasional comet or meteor ("shooting star"). Other natural light sources include meteorological lightning, volcanoes, forest fires, plus some biochemical sources of visible light (bioluminescence). The biological light sources include the familiar lightning bugs ("fireflies") and more exotic glows from the sea, including bioluminescent species of bacteria, algae, dinoflagellates, jellyfish, comb-jellies (ctenophores), and some species of fish.

Artificial visible lights:

XED light source

XED(Xenon Energy Discharge Lamp), working principle: Xenon gas with high voltage excitation, the free electrons in the lamp electric field obtain enough energy to collision atom, so that it releases more free electrons, which cause the gas lamp continuous avalanche discharge, thereby releasing out of electromagnetic waves, and ultimately achievethe purposeofgasdischarge light.

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Led light source

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. The color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photons) is determined by the energy required for electrons to cross the band gap of the semiconductor. White light is obtained by using multiple semiconductors or a layer of light-emitting phosphor on the semiconductor device.

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Fluorescent light source

A fluorescent lamp, or fluorescent tube, is a low-pressure mercury-vapor gas-discharge lamp that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapor, which produces short-wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp to glow. A fluorescent lamp converts electrical energy into useful light much more efficiently than incandescent lamps. The typical luminous efficacy of fluorescent lighting systems is 50–100 lumens per watt, several times the efficacy of incandescent bulbs with comparable light output.

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HPS light source

A sodium-vapor lamp is a gas-discharge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm. Two varieties of such lamps exist: low pressure and high pressure. Low-pressure sodium lamps are highly efficient electrical light sources, but their yellow light restricts applications to outdoor lighting, such as street lamps, where they are widely used.[1] High-pressure sodium lamps emit a broader spectrum of light than the low-pressure lamps, but they still have poorer color rendering than other types of lamps.[2] Low-pressure sodium lamps only give monochromatic yellow light and so inhibit color vision at night.

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Mercury light source

A mercury-vapor lamp is a gas-discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through vaporized mercury to produce light. The arc discharge is generally confined to a small fused quartz arc tube mounted within a larger borosilicate glass bulb. The outer bulb may be clear or coated with a phosphor; in either case, the outer bulb provides thermal insulation, protection from the ultraviolet radiation the light produces, and a convenient mounting for the fused quartz arc tube

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Incandescent light source

An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated until it glows. The filament is enclosed in a glass bulb with a vacuum or inert gas to protect the filament from oxidation. Current is supplied to the filament by terminals or wires embedded in the glass. A bulb socket provides mechanical support and electrical connections.

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From above we know that, the visible light both comes from nature and artificial lighting sources, their visible spectrums are different, the human brain adjusts automatically to the different light sources, and we interpret the colors of most objects around us as hardly changing when they are viewed under differing conditions of illumination.

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What is light spectrum of different UV lights ?

Ultraviolet (UV) light falls in the range of the EM spectrum between visible light and X-rays. It has frequencies of about 8 × 1014 to 3 × 1016 cycles per second, or hertz (Hz), and wavelengths of about 380 nanometers (1.5 × 10−5 inches) to about 10 nm (4 × 10−7 inches). UV is generally divided into three sub-bands:

UVA, or near UV (315–400 nm)

UVB, or middle UV (280–315 nm)

UVC, or far UV (180–280 nm)

Now let's check what is the spectrum of different UV lights.

1. First Sunlight UV Light Spectrum:

Very hot objects emit UV radiation. The sun emits ultraviolet radiation at all wavelengths, including the extreme ultraviolet where it crosses into X-rays at 10 nm. Extremely hot star emit proportionally more UV radiation than the Sun. sunlight in space at the top of Earth's atmosphere is composed of about 50% infrared light, 40% visible light, and 10% ultraviolet light, for a total intensity of about 1400 W/m2 in vacuum.

The atmosphere blocks about 77% of the Sun's UV, when the Sun is highest in the sky (at zenith), with absorption increasing at shorter UV wavelengths. At ground level with the sun at zenith, sunlight is 44% visible light, 3% ultraviolet, and the remainder infrared.Of the ultraviolet radiation that reaches the Earth's surface, more than 95% is the longer wavelengths of UVA, with the small remainder UVB. Almost no UVC reaches the Earth's surface.The fraction of UVB which remains in UV radiation after passing through the atmosphere is heavily dependent on cloud cover and atmospheric conditions. On "partly cloudy" days, patches of blue sky showing between clouds are also sources of (scattered) UVA and UVB, which are produced by rayleigh scattering in the same way as the visible blue light from those parts of the sky. UVB also plays a major role in plant development, as it affects most of the plant hormones.During total overcast, the amount of absorption due to clouds is heavily dependent on the thickness of the clouds and latitude, with no clear measurements correlating specific thickness and absorption of UVB.

The shorter bands of UVC, as well as even more-energetic UV radiation produced by the Sun, are absorbed by oxygen and generate the ozone in the ozone layer when single oxygen atoms produced by UV photolysis of dioxygen react with more dioxygen. The ozone layer is especially important in blocking most UVB and the remaining part of UVC not already blocked by ordinary oxygen in air.

2. XED UV Light Spectrum:

XED UV light spectrum is very similar with sunlight, with full spectrum, composed of about 50% infrared light, 40% visible light, most are UV rays, and 10% ultraviolet light,more than 95% is the longer wavelengths of UVA, and with small part of UVB.

3. Fluorescent black UV light spectrum:

A black light lamp emits long-wave UVA radiation and little visible light. Fluorescent black light lamps work similarly to other fluorescent lamps, but use a phosphor on the inner tube surface which emits UVA radiation instead of visible light.

but because of the light intensity of fluorescent itself is low, so it is UV part light intensity is limited.

4. Mercury UV light spectrum:

Mercury lamp have full spectrum of visible part,including about big part of UV, and most are UVA, small part of UVB, and we can also notice that its UVC is stronger than UVB.

5. HPS UV light spectrum:

HPS with full spectrum of visible light and some part of far infrared, the UVA light is very little, no UVB.

6. Metal Halide UV light spectrum:

Metal Halide Lamp also including full specctrum of visible light, infrared, only small part of UVA.

7. LED UV Light

This is LED UV light spectrum, from this spectrum, we can find that, most LED UV light in the market actually do not have UV.

Life on earth has evolved with sunlight for billions of years. UV light is an indispensable part of the growth, life and reproduction of life on earth. In modern society, human beings and many biological activities and plant growth have been transferred to the indoor, so we need to choose a suitable artificial UV lamp as the replacement of sunlight, hope the above light spectrums of different UV lights can help you choose the best UV light needed.

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What is XED Light ?

What is XED Light ?

XED is short for ‘Xenon Energy Saving Discharg Lamp’, XED Light with full light spectrum like sunlight, it is the best artificial lighting source so far.

XED Working Principle:

XED(Xenon Energy Discharge Lamp), working principle: Xenon gas with high voltage excitation, the free electrons in the lamp electric field obtain enough energy to collision atom, so that it releases more free electrons, which cause the gas lamp continuous avalanche discharge, thereby releasing out of electromagnetic waves, and ultimately achievethe purposeofgasdischarge light.

XED Light Color Temperature:

XED Color Temperature can be 3000K~7000K, the temperatures most used are 3000K and 4200K, 3000K is very suitable for outdoor lighting and 4200K is best for indoor lighting.

XED Light Spectrum of visible part:

4200K XED Light Spectrum, it is very similar with sunlight, the CRI. can reach 97.36Ra, it is the highest CRI. artificial lighting source;

3000K XED Light Spectrum, it is very similar with moonlight.

XED Light Spectrum compared with sunlight and moonlight:

XED UV Light Spectrum:

XED Light Advantages:

Full Spectrum most similar with sunlight, the CRI can reach 97.36Ra, XED is the highest CRI. artificial lighting source;

No glare, very safe for outdoor lighting, especially for street lighting, for indoor lighting is also safe for human being eyes;

No blue light damage to eyes for indoor lighting, and no blue pollution to environment for outdoor lighting;

Strong light penetration, with XED light we still can see clearly during rainy and foggy days outside;

Super Energy Saving, save >60% energy than HPS light;

Can be installed in different kinds of harsh environments which other lights can not work, such as cold weather -47℃；

Super long real effective lifetime, lumen loss <30% at 30,000hours;

Extremely low failure rate. so far XED lights have been installed >1,000,000sets, the failure rate based on real projects data is <0.25%;

Very easy to install and maintenance, just replace ballast or bulb is ok, no need to replace the whole light, because of failure rate is extremely and real effective lifetime is extremely long, the maitenance cost is very low;

Super cost effective for health, safety, energy saving, ecosystem and environment protection.

XED Light Applications:

XED is the artificial lighting source with the highest CRI.,can be widely used for lots high resolution, high precision industries, and other industries require high quality lighting; Without Glare and Blue light damage, make it more healthy and safer for indoor lighting;

2.XED light without glare, make it very safe for outdoor lighting, such as street lighting; and no blue light pollution for environment; strong penetration is make sure we can still see clearly during rainly and foggy days outside;

3. XED with full spectrum very similar to sunlight, it is very perfect for indoor plant grow lighting and indoor biology lighting supplement;

4. XED UV Light including UVA,UVB and full spectrum of visible light, it is really including all spectrum of sunlight, very necessary for indoor lighting of earth biology.