TERMITE CONTROL
We carry out preventive, reactive, and post-treatment monitoring services since it is known that the body temperature of termites depends on the environmental temperature.
The evolutionary origin of termites is linked to cockroaches that feed on wood and mantises in the Mesozoic period.
Terms, colloquially called termites, are social insects that live in colonies. They come from the ground and usually enter structures undetected through hidden pathways in foundation walls and floors. In principle, they live below the surface.
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Although they can be a threat, they are extremely important for the environment, because they break down dead plant matter, turning it into humus. Like any pest, termites become a problem when they invade our living space.
The damage caused by termites is extensive, destroying or damaging agricultural crops, forestry, dams that use soil, irrigation canals, and especially wooden structures. In some countries, the amount of damage exceeds that caused by natural disasters and fires.
How to spot termites
Unfortunately, the most common way to detect the presence of termites is the damage they cause to wooden or agglomerate elements. Termites, feeding on the cellulose of the wood, leave the attacked pieces completely hollow, except for a thin outer layer that yields to a simple pressure.
Another way to detect the presence of termites is to have the opportunity to observe the exit of the termites in their winged phase, they come out in the form of large flocks similar to ants with smaller wings.
In case of the suspected presence of termites, we carry out a preliminary study, with a visual analysis of damage, sampling, inspection, and location of elements that confirm the presence of xylophages, even when no damage has been detected; observing the environment and taking pictures.
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In very specific situations of the possible presence of termites in very large areas (neighborhoods, entire populations, risk areas due to proximity or very valuable elements to be protected), a more exhaustive study will be recommended, using more sophisticated means.
In both cases, with the data obtained, a detailed report of damages, causative xylophagous organisms, urgent and passive or maintenance recommendations, the appropriate treatment and, if appropriate, the budget to carry it out, is issued.
There are three types of termite treatment and prevention:
Defense chemical barriers
Curative and preventative treatment of structural timber - same as a woodworm treatment
Witness-bait system
The chemical barriers and the treatment of the structural wood (immediate effectiveness), protect the building from the attack of termites.
Termite life cycle
The colonies are similar to other termites, made up of a limited number of individuals, with multiple colonies coexisting on a piece of wood. Winged, reproductive individuals develop from colonies. These flights or swarming can occur during the day or night in late spring and early summer (Southern Hemisphere).
It has been observed in the species Cryptitermes services that the winged founding couple chooses the wood that will serve to establish the colony according to certain characteristics that are necessary for them, such as wood maturity, humidity, thickness, and absence of chemical products such as impregnants. or repellent paints. Once they lose their wings, they begin the construction of a small chamber in which they mate and then lay 2 to 5 small, bright white eggs that the couple care for and keep clean and free of fungus, incubation takes 75 to 81 days in the laboratory.
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At the end of the first year, only 3 to 4 individuals have joined the founding couple and no soldier has yet been produced, showing the slow growth of this species. In winter, the oviposition of Cryptitermes service stops in some cases for up to 5 months, then the colony resumes growth. The nurses feed the nymphs in their first two instars by regurgitation (stomodeal feeding) and the soldiers throughout their lives.
An adult or mature colony has around 300 individuals in a proportion of 1 soldier for every 45 of the other castes, although observations made in Valparaíso showed a number close to one soldier for every 200 worker termite.
The Economic Impact of Termites
Within the species of this family, Kalotermitidae Cryptotermes brevis is considered one of the most destructive termites worldwide, causing considerable economic damage to the wood in areas where it has established itself.
The economic impact of dry-wood termites and their control ranges from 5 to 20% of the total US$1.5 billion spent annually in the United States to control: wood-destroying insects. In California, the most frequent treatments against these termites include chemicals located at over 70% of the market, fumigations, and other methods 20 and 10% of the market respectively.
In Chile, there are no studies that show the economic impact of this termite species. However, it is necessary to highlight that severe damage has been found in buildings from 5 to more than 20 years old, which confirms that these insects are in full activity, which is an indicator of the urgent need for their control.
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Termite Control
Precisely determining the location of the termite infestation is one of the most difficult aspects. After several cycles and recolonization, a wooden structure may contain several infested items, each with one or more colonies. Accessibility to each of the colonies may be limited, in which case the only viable method is injection or heat treatment to eradicate it. On the other hand, you must understand the biology and behavior of the termite species that you are seeking to recognize some typical signs of the infestation.
Regular inspections of places suspected of the presence of these insects do not prevent a possible attack, but they can minimize the generalization of the damage that they can cause, by applying early control measures.
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