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hemantallied · 3 years

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Cancer Tumor Profiling Market Outlook and Opportunities in Grooming Regions

Cancer Tumor Profiling Market business research report assesses the current as well as upcoming performance of the market, and also brand-new trends in the market. It provides product overview and highlights of product and application segments of the market including price, revenue, sales, sales growth rate, and market share by product. The market statistics within the report is displayed in a statistical format to offer a better understanding upon the market dynamics.

"Cancer Tumor Profiling Market research report delivers a comprehensive study on production capacity, consumption, import and export for all major regions across the world. Report provides is a professional inclusive study on the current state for the market. Analysis and discussion of important industry like market trends, size, share, growth estimates are mentioned in the report."

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Cancer Tumor Profiling Market Research has offered exhaustive analysis of Manufacturers, Suppliers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2027. And also provides essential study on the current status of the market, cover market size with respect to valuation as sales volume and providing a precise prediction of the market scenario over the forecast period from 2020 to 2027.

The report provides revenue forecast with sales, sales growth rate, and revenue growth rate forecasts of the global Cancer Tumor Profiling Market. The forecasts are also provided with respect to the product, application, and regional segments of the market. The forecasts are provided to understand the future outlook and prospects for the market.

Major Key Players: -

The key players operating in the global cancer/tumor profiling market have adopted product launch as their key developmental strategy and have focused on launching innovative products to cater to consumer requirements and strengthen their market shares. The major companies profiled in the report include Qiagen N.V., Roche Molecular Systems Inc., Abott Molecular, Illumina Inc., NeoGenomics Laboratories, HTG Molecular Diagnostic, Genomic Health Inc., Hologic Gen-Probe, BD Biosciences, and Siemens Healthineers.

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The leading companies in Global Cancer Tumor Profiling Market are analyzed in the report along with their business overview, operations, financial analysis, SWOT profile and STD Reimbursement Scenario Analysis And Top Study Testing Technologies products and services.

The key players profiled in this report include Shandong Runxin Biotechnology, Synutra Ingredients, Yantai Ruikangda Biochemical Products, TSI Group, S.A.U. Seikagaku Corporation, Sioux Pharm, Pacific Rainbow International, Summit Nutritionals International and Bioiberica.,

The report lays emphasis on the key trends and opportunities that may emerge in the near future and positively impact the overall industry growth. Additionally, challenges and restraining factors that are likely to curb the growth in the years to come are put forth by the analysts to prepare the manufacturers for future challenges in advance.

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COVID-19 scenario:

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic led to disruptions in the whole supply chain, leading to difficulty in the supply of raw materials and finished goods. However, the disruptions were rectified by the second half of the year 2020, thereby, the market recovered soon.

The online sales channels have gained high traction in the last year. And as a result players operating in the industry are strengthening their digital presence. The report offers detailed segmentation of the global shavers market based on type, demographics, nature, sales channel, and region.

About Us:

Allied Market Research (AMR) is a full-service market research and business-consulting wing of Allied Analytics LLP based in Portland, Oregon. Allied Market Research provides global enterprises as well as medium and small businesses with unmatched quality of "Market Research Reports" and "Business Intelligence Solutions." AMR has a targeted view to provide business insights and consulting to assist its clients to make strategic business decisions and achieve sustainable growth in their respective market domain.

We are in professional corporate relations with various companies and this helps us in digging out market data that helps us generate accurate research data tables and confirms utmost accuracy in our market forecasting. Allied Market Research CEO Pawan Kumar is instrumental in inspiring and encouraging everyone associated with the company to maintain high quality of data and help clients in every way possible to achieve success. Each and every data presented in the reports published by us is extracted through primary interviews with top officials from leading companies of domain concerned. Our secondary data procurement methodology includes deep online and offline research and discussion with knowledgeable professionals and analysts in the industry.

Contact:

David Correa

Portland, OR, United States

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hollywoodjuliorivas · 5 years

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More than 11,000 scientists from around the world declare a ‘climate emergency’

Study outlines six major steps that ‘must’ be taken to address the situation.

A climate change protester holds a banner during a town hall event with former vice president Joe Biden in Manchester, N.H., on Oct. 9, 2019. (Kate Flock/Bloomberg News)

Andrew Freedman

November 5, 2019 at 7:18 a.m. PST

A new report by 11,258 scientists in 153 countries from a broad range of disciplines warns that the planet “clearly and unequivocally faces a climate emergency,” and provides six broad policy goals that must be met to address it.

The analysis is a stark departure from recent scientific assessments of global warming, such as those of the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, in that it does not couch its conclusions in the language of uncertainties, and it does prescribe policies.

The study, called the “World scientists’ warning of a climate emergency,” marks the first time a large group of scientists has formally come out in favor of labeling climate change an “emergency,” which the study notes is caused by many human trends that are together increasing greenhouse gas emissions.

Keep Reading

The report, published Tuesday in the journal Bioscience, was spearheaded by the ecologists Bill Ripple and Christopher Wolf of Oregon State University, along with William Moomaw, a Tufts University climate scientist, and researchers in Australia and South Africa.

The study clearly lays out the huge challenge of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases.

“Despite 40 years of global climate negotiations, with few exceptions, we have generally conducted business as usual and have largely failed to address this predicament,” the study states.

The paper bases its conclusions on a set of easy-to-understand indicators that show the human influence on climate, such as 40 years of greenhouse gas emissions, economic trends, population growth rates, per capita meat production, and global tree cover loss, as well as consequences, such as global temperature trends and ocean heat content.

Activist Greta Thunberg on how to make sure the world does not 'give up' the climate fight

After taking a solar-powered boat from England to New York to attend the United Nations Climate Action Summit, Thunberg discussed what activists need to do. (Jhaan Elker/The Washington Post)

The results are charts that are, at least compared with the climate graphics presented by the IPCC, surprisingly simple, and that help reveal the troubling direction the world is headed.

The study also departs from other major climate assessments in that it directly addresses the politically sensitive subject of population growth. The study notes that the global decline in fertility rates has “substantially slowed” during the past 20 years, and calls for “bold and drastic” changes in economic growth and population policies to cut greenhouse gas emissions. Such measures would include policies that strengthen human rights, especially for women and girls, and make family-planning services “available to all people,” the paper says.

On energy, the report calls for the world to “implement massive energy efficiency and conservation practices” and cut out fossil fuels in favor of renewable sources of energy, a trend it notes is not happening fast enough. It also calls for remaining fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, to remain in the ground, never to be burned to generate energy, a key goal for many climate activists.

A handout aerial photo made available by the Mato Grosso state government shows an area of forest burning in the Pantanal, Brazil, Oct. 31, 2019. (Chico Ribeiro/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock)

Maria Abate, a signatory of the scientists’ warning and a biology professor at Simmons College in Boston, says she hopes the paper will raise awareness. “Like other organisms we are not adapted to recognize far-reaching environmental threats beyond our immediate surroundings,” she said via email. “The reported vital signs of our global activity and climate responses give us a tangible, evidence-based report card that I hope will help our culture to develop a broader awareness more quickly to slow this climate crisis.”

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Other items on the study’s list of policy priorities include quickly cutting emissions of short-lived climate pollutants, such as soot and methane, which could slow short-term warming. The study also calls for a shift to eating mostly plant-based foods and instituting agricultural practices that increase the amount of carbon the soil absorbs. On the economy, the study states that improving long-term sustainability and reducing inequality should be prioritized over growing wealth, as measured using gross domestic product. The authors also advocate for policies that would curtail biodiversity loss and the destruction of forests, and they recommend prioritizing the preservation of intact forests that store carbon along with other lands that can rapidly bury carbon, thereby reducing global warming.

“This is a document that establishes a clear record of the broad consensus among most scientists active at this point in history that the climate crisis is real, and is a major, even existential, threat to human societies, human well-being, and biodiversity,” said Jesse Bellemare, an associate professor of biology at Smith College who is a signatory of the study’s emergency declaration.

He said via email that the presence of so many biologists and ecologists on the list of signatories may reflect the fact that they are observing so many changes from an amount of climate change much smaller than what is projected for the future.

Ripple, of Oregon State, is no stranger to organizing scientific calls to action, having founded the Alliance of World Scientists and organized scientists’ “Warning to Humanity: A Second Notice” in 2017, which was also published in Bioscience and focused on the urgent need to solve a broad array of environmental problems including climate change and biodiversity loss.

Thousands of scientists issue bleak ‘second notice’ to humanity

“We’re asking for a transformative change for humanity,” Ripple said in an interview. Many of the signatories to the warning do not list themselves as climate scientists but, instead, as biologists, ecologists and other science specialists. Ripple says that is intentional, as the authors sought to assemble the broadest support possible.

“The situation we’re in today with climate change,” he says, “shows that this is an issue that needs to move beyond climate scientists only.”

Moomaw says the paper comes from researchers who are seeing the consequences of a rapidly changing planet, and is in part “a statement of frustration on the part of many in the scientific community.”

“Scientists, and in particular those that are studying what is happening in a changed climate, have become the most alarmed at how rapidly these changes are taking place and the urgency of needing to take far more drastic action,” Moomaw said.

The term “climate emergency” has been championed by climate activists and pro-climate action politicians seeking to add a sense of urgency to the way we respond to what is a long-term problem. The Climate Mobilization, an advocacy group, is seeking to have governments in the United States and elsewhere declare a climate emergency and enact response measures commensurate with such a declaration.

New York’s City Council has declared a climate emergency, as has San Francisco. European cities have also taken this step. Bills labeling global warming as an emergency are pending in both the House and the Senate, endorsed by prominent liberals including Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) and Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.).

The youth climate movement, including Swedish activist Greta Thunberg, has been leading the charge to ratchet up the language used in describing global warming.

To date, scientists have been reluctant to use such language. However, this study may change that.

Phil Duffy, a climate researcher and president of the Woods Hole Research Center, who added his name to the paper Monday, said he finds the term fitting, considering the scale of the problem and lack of action so far.

“The term ‘climate emergency’ … I must say, I find it refreshing, really, because you know, I get so impatient with the scientists who just are always just waffling and mumbling about uncertainty, blah, blah, blah, and this certainly is, you know, is much bolder than that,” he said. “I think it’s right to do that.”

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evoldir · 6 years

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Postdoc: UArizona.VertebrateTraitInformatics

The BIO5 Institute at the University of Arizona is seeking a postdoctoral researcher in Biodiversity Informatics, to work under the direction of Dr. Ramona Walls. The post-doc will join the NSF-funded Functional Trait Resource for Environmental Studies (FuTRES) project for up to three years. FuTRES is a collaborative project among four universities (University of Oregon, University of Arizona, University of Florida, and Howard University), and it includes investigators with expertise in biodiversity, bioinformatics, cyberinfrastructure, vertebrate neo- and paleontology, and zooarchaeology. The key deliverables of FuTRES are a workflow for assembling functional trait data measured at the specimen level, a database to serve that data, and scientific publications demonstrating the utility of the assembled data. FuTRES is based on a semantic model, which is being developed at UA and to which the post-doc will contribute extensively. The post-doc is also expected to lead a research project that utilizes data integrated by FuTRES. As a member of the FuTRES project, the post-doc will experience interdisciplinary collaboration at the intersection of biological, archeological, paleontological, and computer sciences. At UA, the post-doc will be exposed to the unique collaborative research environment of the BIO5 Institute, which houses Wallss home organization CyVerse, as well as UAs new Data7 Institute and the Tripods project. These three organizations are co-located on the same floor of the brand new BioSciences Research Laboratory, offering daily interactions with a world-class collection of life scientists, data scientists, and developers. In addition to BIO5s physical resources, the post-doc will be able to take advantage of multiple seminar series and a large community of faculty, students, and post-docs. More broadly, UA offers a rich environment for early career researchers and a number of support programs for post-docs. Salary is commensurate with experience and consistent with NIH recommended support levels ( http://bit.ly/2AuQGj1). Reasonable relocation funds are available. The ideal candidate will be committed to collaborative, open science and should enjoy working as part of a distributed team. The ideal candidate should have a strong desire to work in the fields of semantic data integration and data reuse, and must be motivated to pursue a scientific study using aggregated trait data. We are looking for someone who enjoys learning new tools and techniques and who wishes to engage with a community of researchers to promote novel approaches to science. The ideal candidate will have experience working with functional trait data in vertebrates (preferably mammals), some computational experience (e.g., analyzing data with R, coding in Python, comfort working on the command line), and a commitment to collaborative, open science. Experience with ontologies is a plus. Training in the technical aspects of this project can be provided, if the candidate does not have extensive experience in those areas, but at a minimum, technical competence must be demonstrated, and they must have some experience with R. Strong writing and speaking skills are required. The candidate should enjoy working as part of a distributed team. More information at http://bit.ly/2mX7buK. Ramona L. Walls, Ph.D. Senior Scientific Analyst, CyVerse, University of Arizona Research Associate , Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona Ramona Walls via Gmail

#EvolDir

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ellingtonboots · 7 years

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Government and Chemical Industry Collusion Going Back Decades Showcased in “Poison Papers”

(Beyond Pesticides, August 1, 2017) A collection of long archived documents dating back to the 1920s were released last week showcasing the efforts of the chemical industry and the federal government to conceal from the public the real dangers associated with the use and manufacture of chemical products. The Bioscience Resource Project and the Center for Media and Democracy released more than 200,000 pages of these documents now accessible on the “Poison Papers” website. First reported in The Intercept, the project, “Poison Papers,” makes publicly available documents obtained through legal discovery in lawsuits against Dow, Monsanto, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Forest Service, the Air Force, and pulp and paper companies, among others. Activist Carol Van Strum stored much of these documents in her rural Oregon barn. Ms. Van Strum’s activism on pesticides and other toxic chemicals began in the mid-1970s, when she and her neighbors in Oregon filed a lawsuit against the U.S. Forest Service to stop the spraying of 2,4,5-T, a dangerously toxic herbicide that made up one-half of the ingredients in the deadly Agent Orange (the other ingredient was the still widely used herbicide 2,4-D). The spraying directly doused her four children, who developed headaches, nosebleeds, and bloody diarrhea. Miscarriages […]

The post Government and Chemical Industry Collusion Going Back Decades Showcased in “Poison Papers” appeared first on Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog.

from Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog http://ift.tt/2tYJx7d

from Grow your own http://ift.tt/2tTidmD from Get Your Oganic Groove On http://ift.tt/2tTpcw2

#Get Your Oganic Groove On

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ovc-bulletin · 5 years

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University of Guelph teams place first at AVMA Animal Welfare Assessment Contest

University of Guelph graduate and student veterinarian teams came out on top at the recent American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Animal Welfare Assessment Contest at Colorado State University.

The student veterinarian team from the Ontario Veterinary College (OVC) placed first in their division, as did the graduate student team comprised of students from both OVC and the Ontario Agricultural College (OAC). The University of Guelph undergraduate team also had a strong showing against the largest number of competitors, finishing fourth overall out of 22 teams.

Prof. Derek Haley, far right, with the OVC DVM team: Darren Graham, OVC 2022; Hannah Jansen, OVC 2023; Lexie Reed, OVC 2022; Jenna Carlson, OVC 2022.

In addition to being high-point team champions, OVC student veterinarian team members Lexie Reed, OVC 2022, and Hannah Jansen, OVC 2023, placed in the top five in the individual standings.

Graduate student team members Emma Heuchan (OAC) and Emilie Paterson (OVC) finished first and second respectively in the individual scoring within their division.

The U of G teams spent months preparing for the competition under the guidance of faculty supervisors - Profs. Ian Duncan, Professor Emeritus in OAC’s Department of Animal Biosciences; Derek Haley, in OVC’s Department of Population Medicine; and Tina Widowski, in OAC’s Department of Animal Biosciences and Director of the U of G’s Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare.

Four species are typically evaluated at the annual contest – this year, scenarios about the welfare of sheep at an abattoir, laboratory zebrafish, captive African painted dogs and meat chickens were evaluated.

The competition provides students with the opportunity to gain in-depth and practical knowledge about how to scientifically assess animal welfare and how to communicate these findings. The contest leads individuals and teams through comparative scenarios where they analyze the welfare of the various animals presented.

The 2019 contest, hosted by Colorado State University brought over 25 schools together with a record 244 participants.

The event brought teams from across North America and around the world including the Atlantic Veterinary College, Royal Veterinary College, University of Edinburgh Royal (Dick) Vet College, University of São Paulo, Brazil, Texas A&M, UC Davis, Colorado State University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Missouri, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Kentucky, Michigan State University, Oregon State University, Iowa State University, University of Georgia and University of Minnesota.

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chestnutpost · 5 years

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Pneumonia Vaccines Market to Reach $10.21 Bn, Globally, by 2025 at 5% CAGR: AMR

PORTLAND, Oregon, June 6, 2019 /PRNewswire/ — Allied Market Research recently published a report, titled, Pneumonia Vaccine Market by Vaccine Type (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, and Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine), by Product Type (Prevnar 13, Synflorix, and Pneumovax 23) and By Sector (Public and Private), by Distribution Channel (Distribution Partner Companies, Non-governmental Organizations and Government Authorities): Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast, 2018–2025. The research offers a detailed analysis on changing market dynamics, key investment pockets, major segments, and market competition. According to the report, the global pneumonia vaccines market generated $7.08 billion in 2017, and is expected to reach $10.21 billion by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 5% from 2018 to 2025.

Growing incidence of pneumonia globally, increased government focus on immunization programs for pneumonia, and rise in focus for new pneumococcal vaccines propel the market growth. However, longer timelines required for pneumonia vaccine production and high cost associated with the development of such vaccines restrain the growth of the market. Conversely, the development of protein-based combination pneumococcal vaccines creates new opportunities for the growth of the market.

Request Sample Report at: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/request-sample/2730

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) segment to dominate through 2025

Among vaccine types, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) segment accounted for 89% of the overall market share in 2017 and would retain its dominance through 2025. This is because it is the most commonly used vaccine types among end users. However, the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) segment would grow at the fastest CAGR of 5.4% during the forecast period. This is because these vaccines are less expensive than PCV and is popularly used in developing countries.

Prevnar 13 segment to be lucrative through 2025

Among product types, the Prevnar 13 segment was the largest in 2017, capturing 79.1% of the market share and would maintain its dominance through 2025. The segment would also grow at the fastest CAGR of 5.1% from 2018 to 2025. This is because it is one of the most efficient pneumonia vaccines adopted globally. The report also discusses Synflorix and Pneumovax23.

Private sector segment to lead the market through 2025

Among sectors, the private sector captured around 90% of the market share in 2017 and is likely to dominate the market through 2025. The same would achieve the fastest CAGR of 5.1% from 2018 to 2025. This is because major regions such as US and Europe commonly purchase pneumonia vaccine through private sector.

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North America to maintain revenue lead, Asia Pacific to grow the fastest through 2025

The market in North America captured more than half of the market share in 2017 and is expected to dominate the market through 2025. This is due to wider pneumonia vaccination coverage in the region. However, the market in Asia Pacific would grow at a CAGR of 6.6% during the forecast period. This is due to growing efforts by UNICEF and WHO for improvement of pneumonia vaccine coverage and growing awareness of importance of pneumonia vaccines to prevent disease in the region. The other regions analyzed in the report include Europe and LAMEA (Latin America, Middle East, and Africa).

Key players of the industry

Leading market players analyzed in the research include Glaxosmithkline plc., LG Chem Ltd., Merck & Co., Inc., Panacea Biotec Limited, Pfizer Inc., Pnuvax Incorporated, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd., Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co., Ltd. (Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Corporation Limited), SK Bioscience and Walvax Biotechnology Co., Ltd. These market players have adopted various strategies including collaborations, joint ventures, partnerships, expansions, and others to gain a strong position in the industry.

Access KNOWLEDGE TREE (Premium on-demand, subscription-based pricing model) at: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/knowledgetree

Knowledge tree is a cloud-based intelligence platform that offers more than 2,000 selective, off-the-shelf reports on niche markets to enable our clients gain deep insights on the latest trends, dynamic technologies, and emerging application areas.

Similar Reports:

BCG Vaccines Sales Market: Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast, 2018 – 2025

Pneumonia Testing Market – Global Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast, 2017-2023

About Us

Allied Market Research (AMR) is a full-service market research and business-consulting wing of Allied Analytics LLP based in Portland, Oregon. Allied Market Research provides global enterprises as well as medium and small businesses with unmatched quality of “Market Research Reports” and “Business Intelligence Solutions.” AMR has a targeted view to provide business insights and consulting to assist its clients to make strategic business decisions and achieve sustainable growth in their respective market domain.

We are in professional corporate relations with various companies and this helps us in digging out market data that helps us generate accurate research data tables and confirms utmost accuracy in our market forecasting. Each and every data presented in the reports published by us is extracted through primary interviews with top officials from leading companies of domain concerned. Our secondary data procurement methodology includes deep online and offline research and discussion with knowledgeable professionals and analysts in the industry.

Contact:

David Correa 5933 NE Win Sivers Drive #205, Portland, OR 97220United StatesUSA/Canada (Toll Free): +1-800-792-5285, +1-503-894-6022, +1-503-446-1141 UK: +44-845-528-1300Hong Kong: +852-301-84916India (Pune): +91-20-66346060 Fax: +1(855)[email protected] Web: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com

SOURCE Allied Market Research

The post Pneumonia Vaccines Market to Reach $10.21 Bn, Globally, by 2025 at 5% CAGR: AMR appeared first on The Chestnut Post.

from The Chestnut Post https://www.thechestnutpost.com/news/pneumonia-vaccines-market-to-reach-10-21-bn-globally-by-2025-at-5-cagr-amr/

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randybenedict · 5 years

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Medtronic taps Lennon as CIO | Personnel Moves – April 9, 2018

Medtronic (NYSE:MDT) said that it named Sean Lennon as its new chief information officer, set to take effect April 29.

The Fridley, Minn.-based medtech giant said that Lennon will take over for Mike Hedges, who is retiring from the position after 19 years with Medtronic, including 10 as CIO.

Prior to joining Medtronic, Lennon served as CIO with Allergan (NYSE: AGN), the company said. He has previously held senior leadership positions with pharmaceutical companies including Watson/Actavis, Novartis (NYSE:NVS) and Schering-Plough.

Clearside Biomedical appoints Lasezkay as interim CEO

Clearside Biomedical (NSDQ:CLSD) said yesterday that it named George Lasezkay as its new interim CEO, effective immediately.

Lasezkay will succeed Daniel White, who resigned as prez, CEO and as a board member to pursue other opportunities, the Alpharetta, Ga.-based company said.

Prior to joining Clearside, Lasezkay acted as exec VP and GC for novel ophthalmic therapeutics maker Acucela and as prez of Horizon Pharma Group. He has also acted as corporate dev corp VP for Allergan, the company said.

“We believe there is tremendous potential in our proprietary suprachoroidal space injection platform, as evidenced by the acceptance of our new drug application for Xipere for suprachoroidal injection. We want to thank Daniel for his visionary contributions, including licensing the original scientific technology, building our versatile therapeutic platform, leading our IPO and other financings, and hiring an experienced team to bring these important innovative products to market. We are at an important stage in the evolution of our company, so we are pleased to have Dr. George Lasezkayserve as CEO on an interim basis as we conduct a search for our next CEO. George has broad expertise in ophthalmology established during his tenure at Allergan, Inc., where he served on the company’s executive committee. With proven management experience and substantial industry knowledge, we believe George will help lead our team as we prepare for commercialization of our first product and look to leverage our unique platform through pipeline expansion and partnerships. We expect to benefit from his combination of clinical, legal, business development and executive expertise, and his diverse experience working with a number of emerging biopharmaceutical companies,” board chair William Humphries said in a press release.

Clearside Biomedical said that it is initiating a search for a permanent replacement.

“We are excited about our suprachoroidal drug delivery platform and potential approval of our first agent for the treatment of macular edema associated with uveitis, which would be a significant milestone for Clearside. We also believe the platform has broad applicability in other eye diseases and continue to explore utilizing suprachoroidal administration with other small molecules and gene therapy. I am confident in the capabilities of the Clearside team and look forward to working with them to ensure the long-term success of Xipere, prudently build our ophthalmic pipeline, and work with potential partners to leverage our platform and provide international reach,” Lasezkay said in a prepared statement.

SynCardia Systems promotes COO Webber to CEO

SynCardia Systems said last week that it promoted current chief operating officer Don Webber to CEO, and that it tapped Peter Spadaro as its new prez & CCO.

Prior to joining Syncardia last year as COO, Webber served as COO at OptiScan and held a manufacturing operations VP position with C.R. Bard, an operations VP position with Ekos and as prez & CEO of Mitralign, Tuscon, Ariz.-based SynCardia said.

Before taking the position with SynCardia, Spadaro held a position as cardiac surgery senior sales director at Medtronic, after having spent nearly 30 years with St. Jude Medical, the company said in a press release.

iHear Medical names Shennib as CEO

iHear Medical said last week that it named founder & board chair Adnan Shennib as its new CEO.

The San Leandro, Calif.-based company said that Shennib had spent more than 30 years of experience in founding and leading hearing tech companies, including ReSound and InSound Medical.

iHear Medical also said that Varun Bhardwaj joined the company as operations VP, having previously held the position of chief innovation officer.

LumeNXT names co-founder Rhyne as CEO

Surgical device maker LumeNXT said last week that it named co-founder Paul Rhyne as its new CEO.

Prior to co-founding Boston-based LumeNXT, Rhyne spent time with Intarcia Therapeutics, the company said. Rhyne also spent 11 years at Coloplast Corp., holding positions including Canadian country manager.

“We are proud to name Paul as CEO here at LumeNXT. His wealth of experience and insight into the interaction between the commercial business sector and healthcare space is valuable during this growth stage in our company,” board chair Marc Beer said in a press release.

Shape Memory Medical taps Balkman as CCO

Owens & Minor appoints Jochims as strategy & solutions EVP

LifeScan names Heald as product head

ICU Medical product dev/R&D VP Burcar to cut back hours

Oregon Bioscience Association selects Bozinovic as exec director

from MassDevice http://bit.ly/2GbOq0Z

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digitalmark18-blog · 6 years

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30 jobs in the PR and marketing world

New Post has been published on https://britishdigitalmarketingnews.com/30-jobs-in-the-pr-and-marketing-world/

30 jobs in the PR and marketing world

The fashion world is focusing its attention on Milan.

The second installment of this year’s Milan Fashion Week is underway and continues through Sept. 25.

What began in 1958 has turned into one of the world’s premier clothing trade shows, showcasing some of the top brands and fashion designers in the industry.

The show is considered one of the “Big Four” fashion weeks, along with New York, London and Paris.

[RELATED: Join us at Intel HQ for the Brand Storytelling & Content Marketing Conference.]

A sampling of the lineup includes Fendi, Prada, Max Mara, Jill Sander and Giorgio Armani—two of which are looking for communications professionals to fill current job vacancies:

Not the job for you? See what else we have in our weekly professional pickings:

Senior strategic communications manager and Infosys managing editor—Autodesk (California)

Editorial director—TheMuse.com (New York)

Associate director—content marketing—Spotify (California)

Senior director of marketing and communications—Miami University (Ohio)

Communications and marketing director—American Heart Association (Florida)

Senior copywriter—WE Communications (Oregon)

Paid internship—The Public Relations Institute of Australia (Australia)

Global communications and marketing manager—Salesforce (Indiana)

Creative and content strategist—NetApp (California)

Marketing communications manager—Microsoft (Canada)

Social media manager—The Kraft Heinz Co. (Illinois)

Communications manager—The AIDS Institute (Washington, D.C.)

Content manager—Comcast Business (Pennsylvania)

Director of integrated marketing—Central Michigan University (Michigan)

Brand measurement director—PwC (South Carolina)

Senior director of external relations—Port of Seattle (Washington)

Director of global internal communications—Forcepoint (Texas)

Editor, CMO Today—The Wall Street Journal (New York City)

Consumer communications specialist—Molson Coors (Canada)

Communications and social media intern—American Cancer Society (Arizona)

Communications and public relations senior manager—Wyoming Office of Tourism (Wyoming)

Associate editor—Cision (New Mexico)

Senior communications advisor—TransCanada (Montana)

Director of marketing and communications—Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences (Missouri)

Director of sales and marketing—Kimpton Hotels & Restaurants (Tennessee)

Director of media relations and publications—Becker College (Massachusetts)

Deputy editor, digital—Los Angeles Times (California)

Social media manager—ARPR (New Orleans)

If you have a position you’d like to see highlighted in PR Daily’s weekly jobs post, or if you’re searching for career opportunities, RaganJobs.com is the perfect place to find or post high-quality job openings.

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pandeprabhakar01-blog · 6 years

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Cannabis Packaging Market Share, Growth, Trend Analysis and Forecast 2025

The cannabis industry in North America is like other legal consumer goods industries, such as food, tobacco or alcohol. Some cannabis-infused products already look strikingly similar to existing consumer products. In addition to 'flower' which is the smokable leaf that most people usually associate with cannabis, there are many cannabis-infused products that range from edibles such as snacks and meals, to concentrates such as pills and oils, and beverages.

Get Free Sample Copy of Report at https://www.researchformarkets.com/sample/global-cannabis-packaging-market-132302

This report focuses on the global top players, covered Kush Bottles, Maple Leaf Green World, J.L.Clark, KAYA CANNABIS and Lexaria Bioscience.

One of the major drivers for this market is the growing cannabis sales market. The North American cannabis market posted a revenue of $6700 million in 2016, marking about 30% increase from the 2015 figures. Cannabis sales are expected to grow at a CAGR of 10.40% during the forecast period when the North American market is expected to reach $8900 million in 2021. In the case of the cannabis boom, legalization is bringing new users to the market. In Colorado, Washington, and Oregon, recreational use was legal before 2016, with the consumer spending on cannabis about 62% during 2015-2016. Seven US states legalized cannabis in some form on the Election Day. The sudden popularity of alternative ingestion techniques, such as weed-laced topical sprays and edibles fueled the growth of the growing cannabis market in North America, thereby subsequently boosting the cannabis packaging market in North America.

Market segment by Regions/Countries, this report covers

· United States

· Europe

· China

· Japan

· Southeast Asia

· India

Market segment by Type, the product can be split into

· Rigid Packaging

· Flexible Packaging

Market segment by Application, split into

· Medical Use

· Recreational Use

· Others

Browse Complete Report with Full TOC at https://www.researchformarkets.com/reports/global-cannabis-packaging-market-132302

Table of Content

1 Industry Overview of Cannabis Packaging

2 Global Cannabis Packaging Competition Analysis by Players

3 Company (Top Players) Profiles

3.1 Kush Bottles

3.1.1 Company Profile

3.1.2 Main Business/Business Overview

3.1.3 Products, Services and Solutions

3.1.4 Cannabis Packaging Revenue (Million USD) (2013-2018)

3.2 Maple Leaf Green World

3.2.1 Company Profile

3.2.2 Main Business/Business Overview

3.2.3 Products, Services and Solutions

3.2.4 Cannabis Packaging Revenue (Million USD) (2013-2018)

3.3 J.L.Clark

3.3.1 Company Profile

3.3.2 Main Business/Business Overview

3.3.3 Products, Services and Solutions

3.3.4 Cannabis Packaging Revenue (Million USD) (2013-2018)

3.4 KAYA CANNABIS

3.4.1 Company Profile

3.4.2 Main Business/Business Overview

3.4.3 Products, Services and Solutions

3.4.4 Cannabis Packaging Revenue (Million USD) (2013-2018)

4 Global Cannabis Packaging Market Size by Type and Application (2013-2018)

5 United States Cannabis Packaging Development Status and Outlook

6 Europe Cannabis Packaging Development Status and Outlook

7 China Cannabis Packaging Development Status and Outlook

8 Japan Cannabis Packaging Development Status and Outlook

9 Southeast Asia Cannabis Packaging Development Status and Outlook

10 India Cannabis Packaging Development Status and Outlook

11 Market Forecast by Regions, Type and Application (2018-2025)

12 Cannabis Packaging Market Dynamics

13 Market Effect Factors Analysis

14 Research Finding/Conclusion

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#Cannabis Packaging Cannabis Packaging Market Global Cannabis Packaging Market

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megadarkbouquettidalwavethings · 7 years

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Green Crack, Blue Dream, Gorilla Glue: The problem of pricing pot

NEW YORK (Reuters) – In 2014, as Jonathan Rubin and Ian Laird considered investing in the booming U.S. cannabis industry, they hit a problem: How to value pot starts-ups with little verified data on the price of the weed itself?

FILE PHOTO: Employees prepare recreational marijuana orders for customers at the MedMen store in West Hollywood, California, U.S., January 2, 2018. REUTERS/Lucy Nicholson/File Photo

While a smoker may know the going retail price for “Strawberry Diesel” or “Buddha’s Sister”, the sector’s wholesale tier still operates much like a black market because of ongoing federal prohibition, despite legalizations in 30 U.S. states and Washington D.C. since the 1990s.

That left Rubin and Laird puzzled on the investment value of a dispensary, a weed farm or a factory making pot-infused candy. The problem spawned a different investment: The founding of New Leaf Data Services LLC, a Stamford, Conn.-based wholesale price data service that fields reporters to take on the steep challenge of cataloguing going rates.

Started three years ago, New Leaf now publishes weekly benchmark spot prices and forecasts on wholesale indoor-, outdoor-, and greenhouse-grown marijuana for 17 regions with legalization laws.

New Leaf makes money from about 350 pot proprietors and other subscribers who buy reports and custom analytics. It has raised money from investors who want exposure to the cannabis sector without the risk of breaking federal law.

The model is roughly based on S&P Global Platts, a firm where Rubin once worked that researches and publishes wholesale prices for crude oil, fuel and other commodities such as metals or agricultural crops.

The task is much harder for pot, and New Leaf’s experience stalking prices sheds light on the murky trade of what might be the fastest-growing U.S. commodity, sold legally and illegally for untold billions of dollars.

Cannabis firms still deal almost exclusively in cash to avoid a paper trail or because they have almost no access to banks and financial services. Because it’s illegal to transport the drug across state lines, prices and available products vary widely in different regions based on whether a state has both medical and recreational markets and the number of licensed dispensaries and producers.

Last week, spot prices for flower in Alaska were $5,496 per lb, while prices in Colorado and Oregon fell to historic lows of $1,008 and $1,166, respectively, according to New Leaf.

(For a graphic on state marijuana laws and price differences, see: tmsnrt.rs/2AFalvZ )

Legal pot prices are also impacted by supply and demand fluctuations in the illegal market, and the spread between the two can vary.

In California, regulated market prices are more than $1,000 per lb, whereas prices for illegal weed can be as low as $500 per lb, estimated Scott Davies, a California cultivator. Legal market marijuana tends to be more expensive because supplies are more restricted and because it is taxed.

“Consider each state to be a different country when it comes to their laws, amount of licenses issued, what the qualifying conditions are for entry into their medical program, as well as what the political climate and current illicit market looks like,” said Nic Easley, one of New Leaf’s market consultants.

Easley, a disabled veteran of the U.S. Air Force, said he moved to Colorado in 2006 to use cannabis to ease the pain of injuries. He’s one of New Leaf’s team of a dozen price experts who chase down their market data and intelligence through a network of commercial players and cannabis industry groups, such as the Oregon Retailers of Cannabis Association (ORCA). The data suppliers agree to submit weekly prices anonymously and, in exchange, get discounted subscriptions or other services.

LEGAL BUT UNDERGROUND

A multi-billion dollar cannabis industry has developed despite federal prohibition, but many executives, farmers and employees are still wary of federal prosecution.

Davies, a farmer in Humboldt County, California – a region renowned for its premium cannabis – said growers have historically done and still do handshake deals with counterparts vouched for by shared acquaintances. Davies sells directly to dispensaries, essentially relying on the rumor mill to set prices.

“It’s all been word-of-mouth, through people we know and trust who are established players,” he said.

But the market in California – which recently legalized recreational use – is evolving rapidly and becoming more like a traditional industry, with buyers and sellers now sometimes meeting at industry events, Davies said.

Market transparency has seen a boost from heightened regulations as authorities in states like Oregon rolled out legal recreational markets, said Casey Houlihan, head of ORCA.

Under the new rules in that state, dispensaries must purchase cannabis from registered producers, who are required to track their sales and report them to the government. Previously, dispensaries could buy more liberally through a medical marijuana program.

The data New Leaf collects is still fairly rough, and the marijuana market has nothing like national benchmark prices or futures contracts common to other legal commodities trades. There’s no real way for businesses to hedge, and price-setting remains largely guesswork, said Josh Richman, senior vice president of sales and marketing for Franklin BioScience, which grows cannabis and manufactures branded products, such as mints, in Colorado, Nevada and Pennsylvania.

“There isn’t something where I can sell long or short,” he said.

GRAPHIC: U.S. legalization legislation and regional pot prices – tmsnrt.rs/2AFalvZ

BLUE DREAM, GREEN CRACK AND GORILLA GLUE

The retail market is somewhat more transparent, and a pricing service called BDS Analytics runs an online database of more than 140,000 types of pot and pot products. BDS sells pricing and popularity data to retail shop owners.

Roy Bingham, who co-founded BDS Analytics in 2015, is a veteran of the finance and consultancy industries.

“We knew this data is really invaluable for the retail business,” Bingham said. “There are people in this industry who have been in supply chains at Walmart, GNC and other mainstream operations.”

His firm collects point-of-sales data from retailers and lists the details for products such as “Blue Dream” and “Green Crack”.

Joseph Hopkins, co-owner of a dispensary called The Greener Side in Eugene, Oregon, uses the data to deal with suppliers.

“When vendors come in and say they have x, y, z products, I can go back and look at whatever the going rate is for that product,” he said.

Still, the metrics are imperfect. State regulators increasingly perform quality tests to ensure safety, but no one checks to make sure that what someone is selling as “Green Crack” really matches weed branded under the same name elsewhere.

The data show variations in demand for various brand among regions. For example, Blue Dream has reigned as the most popular strain for flower in Colorado and Washington since 2014. But in Oregon, tokers favor a strain known as GG – formerly “Gorilla Glue,” until its purveyors got sued by the makers of the actual glue by the same name.

Reporting by Chris Prentice; Editing by Simon Webb and Brian Thevenot

The post Green Crack, Blue Dream, Gorilla Glue: The problem of pricing pot appeared first on Sports News, Transfers, Scores | Watch Live Sport.

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nancygduarteus · 7 years

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Should Women Be Paid for Donating Their Breast Milk?

When Ariyah Georges was born 15 weeks early, she weighed only one pound, 12 ounces. Her mother, Jovan, knew how important breastfeeding was, especially for micro-preemies like Ariyah, so she began pumping milk to feed her through a tube. But two days later, Jovan felt dizzy and feverish—104 degrees, in fact. She had a blood infection and was close to full septic shock.

“I almost croaked,” Jovan says. She entered quarantine for nearly two weeks at the regional Northern Virginia hospital where she’d delivered. During that time, she could still pump breast milk, but Ariyah couldn’t consume it because of the risk of developing sepsis herself. Without it, the newborn was particularly vulnerable to a disease called necrotizing enterocolitis, the number-one cause of death among premature infants in the United States.

Enter donor milk—breast milk purchased by hospitals for mothers who aren’t able to produce enough milk on their own, due to health complications, stress, or other factors. The milk comes from milk banks, organizations that collect, screen, and pasteurize breast milk from lactating women willing to donate. Usually dispensed in neonatal intensive-care units, the milk is only available by prescription. And it hasn’t just been found to improve infants’ health outcomes; it can lower hospital costs by reducing the number of surgeries and interventions to correct life-threatening conditions.

In recent years, both milk banks and the use of donated human milk have risen swiftly in the United States. In 2011, 22 percent of NICUs used donor breast milk; four years later, that number doubled to nearly 40 percent, and went even higher for the most intensive NICUs—as much as 75 percent. There are 23 milk banks in the United States accredited by the Human Milk Banking Association of North America, or HMBANA, double the number that existed five years ago.

But as demand for donor milk rises, banks must find more charitable donors—a task made more complicated by informal, unregulated networks of milk sharing that happens online. And many of the most vulnerable infants are still not being reached.

* * *

I became acquainted with the world of human-milk donation quickly and unexpectedly last April, when my own son was born 10 weeks early. I blamed myself for his premature arrival, even though there was nothing more I could have done to prevent it. When it came to breastfeeding, my body seemed determined to redeem itself. I was lucky to have an immediate and bountiful supply—so bountiful, in fact, that I quickly stocked two freezers full of extra milk. I was producing double what my son needed, and quickly running out of room.

I began donating to the Mothers’ Milk Bank at Austin, which served the hospital where my son stayed. The Texas-based organization caters to hospitals in 22 states with milk from about 1,200 donors around the country. They’re on track to dispense a total of 5 million ounces by the end of this year.

The screening process to become a donor is extensive. Before I began trundling a cooler packed with vials of frozen breast milk through downtown Washington, D.C., I completed several phone interviews with the bank, submitted recommendations from my doctor and my baby’s doctors, took a blood test, and filled out a detailed questionnaire to screen for medical history, drug and alcohol use, diet choices, and so forth. Once the bank received my donated milk from the drop-off center in the city, they screened it for bacteria, pooled it with other donated milk, pasteurized it, and shipped it back out to hospitals.

To cover these costs, the bank charges each hospital a “processing fee”—usually $4 to $5 per ounce. The donors themselves don’t receive any of this money. Even as I pumped away, I began to wonder about the industry built upon donations from women like me. Were donors ever reimbursed for our efforts or expenses?

“We don’t pay donors,” says Kim Updegrove, the executive director of the Mothers’ Milk Bank at Austin. Doing so, she explains, might encourage pay-to-pump situations where mothers are cashing in on their “liquid gold,” as breast milk is often called. What if a mother begins neglecting her own child’s nutrition in pursuit of money? In addition, one study found that breast milk available for purchase is often tainted with cow’s milk; and milk sourced via the internet may contain higher traces of bacterial contamination.

Still, a company called Prolacta Bioscience, which produces a human-milk fortifier used to supplement both formula and breast milk for extremely premature babies, pays $1 an ounce to approved donors. Some moms also sell their milk outright—either to a co-op like Mother’s Milk Cooperative in Oregon or through the website Only the Breast, kind of a Craigslist for breast milk.

For me, coordinating milk drop-off in the city was enough of a hassle and expense that I soon tried a different route: I found a local mother of a NICU baby to donate to on my own. I met the NICU mom online, through a Facebook group set up to facilitate informal sharing. Every few weeks, she drove to my house and picked up dozens of bags of frozen milk, which helped ease my workload as a donor. (I later learned that milk-bank volunteers may help overtaxed moms like me with milk drop-offs.)

I certainly wasn’t the first person to try this approach. Social media is a major factor deterring potential donors from formal milk banks. It’s often simpler, logistically, to get milk to a local parent in need than to ship it across the country. And there’s no complicated paperwork. There are, of course, no regulations at all.

For Updegrove, informal sharing of this nature is a question of ethics: “how we decide to use the limited resource for the most vulnerable.” She argues that extremely premature and ill babies need donor milk more than healthy, full-term infants. Babies fed breast milk are less vulnerable to illnesses such as diarrhea, ear infections, and pneumonia, and they are less likely to develop asthma or become obese later in life. But among premature babies, the effects can be even more profound; in addition to helping prevent NEC, breast milk can help stave off sepsis and promote long-term development. For these reasons, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends feeding preemies donor breast milk over formula when mothers’ milk is not available.

The very lack of regulations in informal sharing, though, means that breast milk is often not given to the babies who need it most. “We’ve got babies who would die otherwise if they don’t get human milk,” Updegrove says. Her reasons were convincing enough for me to resume formal donations once my son’s needs eased.

* * *

Although milk banking has sharply increased in the past few years, there are still many hospitals where donor milk isn’t an option—and they tend to care for the most vulnerable babies at the highest risk of developing complications.

“I know this will sound backward to you,” Updegrove says, “but we are working hard to increase the demand.” She is confident that donations will continue to go up as demand increases, because more mothers will learn about the option to donate from hospitals using donor milk.

Expanding the supply of donor milk is about reaching out to women who aren’t yet aware that milk banks exist, says Naomi Bar-Yam, the executive director of Mothers’ Milk Bank Northeast and the current president of HMBANA. “There are a lot of moms who still don’t know about this possibility. So we work hard to educate them,” she says. Beyond recruiting more donors in the short term, banks also focus on strengthening breastfeeding in general—which has ripple effects for donation. Promoting a culture of breastfeeding, Bar-Yam argues, will result in more breast milk out in the world.

In fact, she highlights a counterintuitive trend: “As hospitals use donor milk in the NICUs, over time they need less donor milk.” This has to do with those hospitals’ newfound veneration of the bodily fluid, Bar-Yam explains. Both the staff and the parents learn the value of breast milk, and they work harder to support successful lactation with new parents—thus decreasing the amount of donor milk they need. “Just the very fact of having the milk there,” she says, “is a very important message.”

In Northern Virginia, the hospital staff encouraged Jovan to continue pumping as she recovered from her blood infection, even though she had to discard the milk during her illness. Although she was frustrated to “pump and dump,” Jovan was encouraged by the thought that her daughter would seamlessly transition from donor breast milk to her own—without ever relying on formula. In the 1990s, Jovan’s two older children had also been born prematurely, and donor milk was not an option at that hospital. “A lot of kids got sick because they had to give [them] formula,” she says.

For Jovan, the message was now loud and clear: Donor milk had helped her baby, and it was time to pay it forward. When Ariyah left the NICU after 105 days, Jovan donated all the extra milk she’d saved up for her daughter at the hospital—about 350 ounces. She continues to pump about 100 ounces a month for donation to the milk bank, The King’s Daughters, that served her daughter’s hospital.

“If someone else didn’t donate, it wouldn’t have been available for my daughter,” she says. “I want to help someone else’s baby the way that they helped my baby.”

from Health News And Updates https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2017/12/breast-milk-donation/547250/?utm_source=feed

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ionecoffman · 7 years

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Should Women Be Paid for Donating Their Breast Milk?

* * *

“If someone else didn’t donate, it wouldn’t have been available for my daughter,” she says. “I want to help someone else’s baby the way that they helped my baby.”

Article source here:The Atlantic

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georginabavin-blog · 7 years

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Discover the international city UChicago gets in touch with property-- filled with motivation, advancement, and also numerous options to look into. You can easily receive in contact with one from our profession instructors at careercoachinghelpdesk @ if you have inquiries or require aid. Research study from social, social, emotional and also economical aspects of clothing. Underground Mathematics is actually the end result of a five-year venture moneyed by the Government's Department for Education and learning and also delivered by Cambridge's Faculty of Math. The component goes well with students' last year projects in Processing, Legislation, Biosciences, Electronic devices, Interactive media, as well as Drama and so on College students who registered in the UA's extra university tuition guarantee course in 2014 are going to stay at $10,975 for homeowners and $29,421 for nonresidents by means of the 2017-18 academic year. Backing assistance for EU trainees applying for university places in the 2017/18 school year has been affirmed due to the UK government. If you have any type of inquiries regarding where and how you can use try these guys, you can call us at our web site.

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rosemarysouthwel-blog · 7 years

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UMN Investigation Reveals Individuals May Handle Automated Upper arm With Their Minds.

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makingscipub · 7 years

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Designer babies? Not again!

Preface: I had just put the finishing touches to this post and I was doing the washing up, when I heard on the six o’clock news that the paper I’ll talk about below has now been published in Nature. I’ll still publish this post though. It would great to compare the pre-paper news coverage with the post-paper news coverage at some point….

***

Around 26 July I saw on twitter that scientists had gene edited human embryos. I let this pass me by, as I assumed most of that reporting was hype. Then I went into our local Cheesecake Shop in search of sugar and there on the counter was the Daily Mail with a headline that said something about designer babies. I put two and two together and thought, oh no, not designer babies again.

So, as I am wont to do, I put in the search terms ‘embryo’ and ‘gene editing’ into the newspaper data base Lexis Nexis (26-30 July; All English Language News) and started to follow the story a bit. I found 117 articles, of which 36 were duplicates. Excluding duplicates 24 newspapers and 41 ‘websites’, i.e. blogs posts (of course these are not all blogs, only those recorded on Lexis Nexis), reported on the story. Blogs were the first to report on the story. But where did the story come from?

‘Story zero’, so to speak, was an article in MIT Technology Review (which was not in the Lexis Nexis sample for some mysterious reason), written by Steve Conner, former head science writer at The Independent. Many of the newspapers and blogs more or less repeated the O’Connor article verbatim. A number of other articles in i-independent elaborated on the article. Another large chunk of the newspaper coverage was written by Marilynn Marchione, Associated Press Chief Medical Writer.

This blog post is not a complete media analysis of this gene editing ‘breakthrough’. It only wants to provide some glimpses into the origin and spread of this story and the way it was framed.

Breaking the story

Let’s start at the beginning. What is this all about? We only know what this seems to be about through the article published by Steve Connor on 26 July in the MIT Technology Review [this has changed now, see Preface]. I couldn’t find any sources where the scientists involved in the actual research spoke themselves about this breakthrough; on the contrary, most seem to refused to comment, as the study has not yet been published in a peer reviewed journal. As Antonio Regalado said on twitter: this was Conner’s ‘scoop’.

The story told by Steve Connor goes like this: A group of scientists led by embryologist Shoukhrat Mitalipov of Oregon Health and Science University in Portland seems to have successfully edited human embryos using CRISPR and ‘deleted’ disease-carrying genes without too many problems (see Science). As an article on a recent call by Jennifer Doudna for more societal debate said: “The report showed that CRISPR could be used to repair a genetic defect in single-celled human embryos. The embryos were not allowed to develop beyond a few days. This project received private funding, allowing it to sidestep government restrictions on such genetic editing. The study was leaked to a British reporter and hasn’t been published yet.” (paragraphs removed) [It has now]

So how did blogs and newspaper articles react to this scoop? Blogs reacted mostly cautiously and many, such as one post by Henry Greely, said that we had still ample time to discuss social, legal and ethical issues before this apparent advance in basic science had any major repercussions on reproductive medicine; another one by Jessica Berg stressed that “this study did not entail the creation of ‘designer babies’ and that “while this is a significant step forward in science regarding the use of CRIPSR technique, it is only one step”. Similarly, news articles written by Marchione were quite restrained.

Two articles made it appear as if designer babies were now a reality. One in the Daily Mail and one in China Daily. Following on from the scoop and a world-exclusive by Conner, i-independent published a series of articles that delved quite deeply into the sci-fi context in which so-called designer babies have been discussed since 1997 and Dolly the sheep. I’ll come back to that.

The MIT Technology Review article

What about the MIT Technology Review article itself that set all these discussions in train? Let’s have a look at it: It’s entitled: “First human embryos edited in U.S.” The article claims that this breakthrough will put an end to the “awe, envy, and some alarm” that scientists have, apparently, felt towards similar research being carried out in China.

The first line of the article talks about “genetically modified” human embryos. The research carried out is framed as “a milestone on what may prove to an inevitable journey toward the birth of the first genetically modified humans” that “could open the floodgates to a brave new world of ‘designer babies’ engineered with genetic enhancements”. So, we have GM, milestone, inevitable, designer babies and brave new world. The article also includes a reference to U.S. intelligence calling CRISPR a potential “weapon of mass destruction”.

After talking about the lead author of the study and his previous work on cloning and stem cells, a brief reference is made to the National Academies of Sciences report that gave the “green light” for basic laboratory research into germline modification. This is followed by a paragraph highlighting that laws and regulation forbid “to turn an edited IVF embryo into a baby”, the article ends by saying: “Despite such barriers, the creation of a gene-edited person could be attempted at any moment, including by IVF clinics operating facilities in countries where there are no such legal restrictions.” So: GM/gene-edited, designer babies are, it appears around the corner; not only that: they are framed as inevitable.

Uptake and discussion in the MSM

In the following I’ll focus on how mainstream media picked up the story. Blog posts would deserve a separate analysis. Mainstream media were relatively slow to react to this story and I haven’t found anything in The London Times, The New York Times or The Guardian for example. The first newspaper to report on the story was, curiously, the Cyprus Mail (byline Reuters News Service), which published its report on 27 July. It refers to the MIT Technology Review report, but also stresses that “Results of the peer-reviewed study are expected to be published soon in a scientific journal, according to OHSU [Oregon Health and Science University] spokesman Eric Robinson” (a name not mentioned in the MIT report).

The second article in the corpus is by Steve Connor himself, written for i-independent Print Ltd and published 27 July under the headline: “Human embryos genetically altered for first time with new technology; WORLD EXCLUSIVE: US scientists demonstrate how inherited disease can be ‘corrected’ in early life.” (Online I also found the title “One giant step for designer babies”). The article makes clear that Dr Mitalipov and his colleagues work under strict confidentiality agreement with a leading scientific journal (“In fact, the journal in question has yet to issue a media embargo notice on this study”) and that the article is based on ‘other sources’.

The third article in the sample is also by Connor and entitled “Technique could open the door to ‘pick-and-choose’ designer babies; BACKGROUND”. It refers explicitly to Aldous Huxley’s 1932 dystopian novel Brave New World. It also talks about “GM” babies and genetic enhancement, closing with the question: “Cosmetic surgery was developed initially to treat people disfigured by accidents. Now it is used as beauty aid. Could germline genetic engineering go the same way?”

The fourth article is by Marilynn Marchione for The Norther Star and appeared strangely in the sports section. It stresses that “The experiment was just an exercise in science”. This article was modified and extended over time in my sample and reprinted in various shapes and forms in a variety of US and Canadian newspapers. In one version (28 July for the Calgary Herald) Alta Charo is quoted as saying “This was purely laboratory-based work… it’s only a first step.” Charo quotes regulatory barriers and stresses that: “The public has plenty of time” to discuss the ethical issues. In another version for The Telegram & Gazette (Massachusetts), 28 July, Henry Greely, director of the Stanford University’s Center for Law and the Biosciences, who wrote an important blog post on the matter, is quoted as saying: “’Everybody should calm down’ because this is just one of many steps advancing the science, and there are regulatory safeguards already in place. ‘We’ve got time to do it carefully,’ he said”.

One article on the issue appeared in the Daily Telegraph on 28 July stating the main facts of the matter; another article appeared in the Daily Mail on 28 July under the headline “Breakthrough in bid for first designer baby” and it does not mention that the study has not yet been published (although other versions I found online do).

After that we get several more i-independent articles. One, written by Oliver Duff, is entitled: “Citius, altius, fortius [faster, higher, stronger]: Dawn of the super-baby? Letter from the Editor.” The piece talks about genetically modified children being around the concern and says: “Yes, Aldous Huxley, Kazuo Ishiguro [author of the 2005 novel Never Let me Go] and Andrew Niccol [director of the 1997 film GATTACA] got the detail wrong in their science fiction But the startling ethical questions that their work posed now need answers”. The next article in that series has the title “From cows and monkeys to human embryos; PROFILE”, written by Russell Parton, focusing on the life and work of Mitalipov who. This is followed by brief history of IVF and three-parent families.

The sci-fi background to the study is further explored in an article by Adam Sherwin (Arts and Media correspondent for i-independent) entitled “When real life echoes science fiction: is this our ‘brave new world’?; CULTURE”. Here GATTACA, Brave New World, Ishiguro’s novel (title not mentioned) Never Let me Go, and Frank Herbert’s novel Dune (which, apparently, tells the story of attempts to create a ‘superior race’ or male ‘superbeings’) are mentioned. It ends by saying: “The trope can be traced back to the creation of Frankenstein’s monster, through the re-animation of cadavers via electricity, in the 1931 film adaptation of Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein”.

Switching from fiction to reality, the i-independent also published a comment piece by Professor Joyce Harper, of UCL, member of the Nuffield Council on Bioethic’s working party on genome-editing and human reproduction, under the title: “If we can choose a child’s gender, what will we choose next?; Comment”.

Conner contributes a second article to the series under the title “The genie is out of the bottle – posing questions for humanity; Analysis. Conner pleads for the creation of an “international agreement to control this gene-editing technology”, because: “It is no good regulating in one country if a maverick doctor can go off and use it in another.”

The final article in this i-independent series of articles is by Tom Bawden (Science correspondent) entitled “Scientists call for new rules on GM designer babies; COVER STORY”. This article, again focusing on regulation, quotes Professor Jonathan Montgomery, “one of the UK’s leading health law academics” who is quoted as having stated that “while regulations in the UK are currently robust, new rules would need to be introduced if the human embryo gene-editing procedure was going to be used clinically, rather than just for research purposes”.

The last two articles in my sample are by Vivek Wadhwa, and academic and entrepreneur, who wrote one article about “genetics ethics” (July 30, The Hartford Courant and Sunday Telegram, Massachusetts) and another entitled “Would you ‘design’ your own child?”. He posits that “The era of human gene editing has begun”, that “CRISPR’s seductiveness is beginning to overtake the calls for caution” and he asks essentially for ‘responsible innovation’: “With the source code of life now so easy to hack, and biologists and the medical world ready to embrace its possibilities, how do we ensure the responsible use of CRISPR?” Using a metaphor that was widely used in the stem cell debate he goes on to say: “We have arrived at a Rubicon. Humans are on the verge of finally being able to modify their own evolution [here echoing Jennifer Doundna’s book entitled A Crack in Creation]. The question is whether they can use this newfound superpower in a responsible way that will benefit the plane and its people.”

Responsible language and literature use

What can we learn from this quick run through the papers. Some bloggers and reporters call for caution and make rather moderate claims about what this breakthrough is and how we should deal with it, stressing that it is still a rather small and incremental step, rather than a sudden revolution. Others eschew moderation and throw the gene-edited baby into the sci-fi bath-water, so to speak. We hear about Brave New World, Gattaca, Frankenstein, super-babies, the genie being out of the bottle, floods of designer babies and a giant step being taken. Some ethicists use the metaphor of the Rubicon and talk about a ‘newfound superpower’ that needs to be restrained; many speculate about designing babies.

Such language and such literary references, especially when used in a perfunctory way might not stimulate the ethical debate that many call for; instead they might well distract from it. Germline editing is a difficult issue. We need to think about it seriously. As Dr Helen O’Neill, Programme Director of Reproductive Science and Women’s Health, Embryology, IVF and Reproductive Genetics Group at University College, London, said (quoted in an article in the Daily Telegraph): “Unfortunately, the news about the potential ability to correct disease has been eclipsed by the fear of so-called ‘designer babies’”.

The question is: Should science reporters (and ethicists and scientists) avoid sensationalising scientific claims? Or is that a silly question, given that reporters write stories in order to be read, as Connor said himself in a tweet, and scientists (and ethicists) have to write stories now in order to be read, funded and rewarded? But what does this mean for the ethics of global debates about the ethics of germline editing?

Image: Pexels – twin babies

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