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✨Javanese Phrases✨

Hello guys!! How are you today? 😊😊

So today we are gonna learn some phrases in Javanese. Let's move!!

❤ Matur nuwun

Matur nuwun means Thank You, you use this to express your gratitude to someone. For, close friends you can just say 'Nuwun' instead.

❤ Anyuwun pangapura

Anyuwun pangapura means Excuse Me or I'm sorry. You use this to express you are sorry for doing something intentionally or unintentionally. For close friends you can say 'Pangapurane' instead.

❤ Eca / Enak

Eca (polite) or Enak (casual) means Tasty. You can say this if you really want to compliment about the food. The usual phrase is 'Dhaharanipun eca' or 'Panganane enak'.

❤ Anyuwun tulung

Anyuwun tulung means Please or Help. You can use it to soften your command or when you ask for something. For close friends you can just say 'Tulung' instead.

That's all for today!! If you have a question or any suggestion please send me a message!! Matur nuwun 😊😊

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✨The Days of the Week in Javanese✨

Hello! Today we are going to learn the names for the days of the week in Javanese

1) Ngahad (Sunday)

Ngahad is the first day in Javanese.

- Ing dina Ngahad, aku adolan karo kulawargaku.

EN: On Sunday, I go out with my family.

2) Sênen (Monday)

Sênen is the second day in Javanese.

-) Dina Sênen kudu atangi esuk kanggo mangkat mênyang pawiyatan.

EN: (We) need to wake up early on Monday to go to school.

3) Sêlasa (Tuesday)

Sêlasa is the third day in Javanese.

-) Sesuk Sêlasa aku arêp mênyang omah usada kanggo apriksa.

EN: Next Tuesday, I am going to go to the hospital to have checkup.

4) Rêbo (Wednesday)

Rêbo is the fourth day in Javanese.

-) Sabên dina Rêbo, aku atuku es krim karo adhiku.

EN: Every Wednesdays, I buy ice creams with my little sibling.

5) Kêmis (Thursday)

Kêmis is the fifth day in Javanese.

-) Kêmis-kêmis, penake adolan mênyang omahe simbahku.

EN: It's good to go to my grandparents' house on Thursdays.

6) Jumuwah (Friday)

Jumuwah is the sixth day in Javanese.

-) Jumuwah iku dina cêndhak.

EN: Friday is a short day.

7) Sêtu (Saturday)

Sêtu is the seventh day in Javanese.

-) Dina Sêtu bisa adolan mênyang panggoning kañcaku.

EN: On Saturday, I can go play to my friend's house.

8) Pungkasan Minggu (Weekend)

Pungkasan Minggu is how we say 'Weekend' in Javanese. Pungkasan means an 'end' and Minggu means 'week'.

-) Kowe arêp angapa wae pungkasan minggu iki?

EN: What are you going to do this weekend?

If you have any question or suggestion, please message me. Thank you! 😊😊

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✨Javanese Modal Verbs and Aspects ✨

First, Javanese doesn’t really have what we usually call as grammatical tense. But, it has what we call aspect. Still, I will give the usual English tenses in order to recall some similarity to English language.

1) Present time

a. Zero modal (simple present)

When we want to say about our daily activities or just simply give a statement, we can use plain verb without any modal.

-) Aku amangan sêga.

EN: I eat food

-) Aku atuku roti sabên dina.

EN: I buy bread every day.

b. Lagi (present continuous)

When we want to say about something in progress or about in the sate of doing activities, we can use Lagi as a modal.

Form: Lagi + verb

-) Aku lagi angumbah klambi.

EN: I’m washing the clothes.

-) Lagi apa kowe?

EN: What are you doing?

2)Past

a. Zero modal (simple past)

Yes, in the Javanese we use aspects. So, we can state something that happened in the past without using any modal. Instead, we can use any adverb to specify the time.

-) Simbahku angisahi gelas.

EN: My grandparent washed the glasses.

-) Simbahku angisahi gelas mau wêngi.

EN: My grandparent washed the glasses last night. (it’s more specific)

b. Wis (general past, present perfect)

When we want to say about something we have already done or simply have been done, we can use Wis modal.

Form: Wis + verb

-) Aku wis alunga mênyang pasar.

EN: I have gone to the market.

-) Pitike wis dipakani.

EN: The chicken has been fed.

If we want to make it something like past perfect, we can add adverb to make it more specific.

-) Aku wis alunga mênyang pasar Sênin wingi.

EN: I had gone to the market last Monday.

-) Dhek mau wêngi nalika aku wis angombe teh, adhiku anangis.

EN: Last night when I had drunk the tea, my younger sibling cried.

c. Bubar (immediate past)

When we want to say that something has happened just now, we can use Bubar modal. Form: Bubar + Verb

-) Aku bubar amangan.

EN: I have eaten just now.

-) Aku lagi wae bubar alunga mênyang pasar.

EN: I have been gone to the market just now. (with emphasis by adverb)

3) Future

a. Bakal (general future, distant)

When we want to say something in the future in general especially if it’s rather distant, we can use Bakal modal.

Form: Bakal + Verb

-) Aku bakal bisa dolanan piyano.

EN: I will be able to play piano. (maybe someday, who knows)

-) Aku bakal amangan bakmi ramen.

EN: I will eat the ramen noodle (maybe someday or eventually)

-) Mêngko, rotine bakal tak pangan.

EN: I will eat the bread later. (or eventually)

If you wonder about using zero modal, yes you can. As you can see, Javanese doesn’t really have any tense and everything can be inferred by context and intuition. Many Asian languages do this, I mean about omitting information that seems important in English perspective. And if you need to make it more specific, you can add adverb.

-) Mêngko yen adhiku wis mangkat mênyang pawiyatan, tak telêpun maneh.

EN: I’ll call you again later when my younger sibling has gone to school.

-) Besuk/suk mben, omah iki sok wis dadi abeda maneh.

EN: The house will be different (again) someday.

b. Arêp (future, intentional)

When you want to say about something you are going to do in the future, you can use Arêp modal. Form: Arêp + Verb

-) Aku arêp alunga saka kene.

EN: i am going to go from here.

-) Aku arêp telêpun kowe mêngko sore.

EN: I am going to call you this afternoon/evening.

c. Ameh (near future)

When you want to say that you are just about to do something or it’s really in the near future, you can use Ameh modal.

Form: Ameh + Verb

-) Aku ameh mangkat.

EN: I’m about to go.

-) Aku ameh turu ing kasur.

EN: I’m about to sleep on the bed.

-) Bar iki, kuwi ameh tak tulis.

EN: I’m about to write that just after this.

To add some understanding, the Ameh modal can also be used to describe that something almost happened.

-) Gelase ameh anumplak.

EN: The glass almost fell (in to the table).

-) Aku ameh anjiglok saka loteng telu.

EN: I almost fell from the third floor.

Generally, you can tell from the context whether the Ameh modal means ‘ be about to’ or ‘almost. That’s all about the Javanese tenses and aspects.

If you have any question or suggestion, please message me. Thank you.

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✨Javanese Grammar Series✨

Hello! This is a part of Javanese Grammar Series. In the Javanese grammar, we have several basic topics we need to learn. They are:

1) Phonology

2) Javanese Alphabet and Romanization

3) Javanese Word Class

4) Javanese Verb

5) Javanese Noun

6) Javanese Adjective

7) Javanese Adverb

8) Javanese Pronoun

9) Javanese Number

10) Javanese Preposition

11) Javanese Article

12) Javanese Interjection

13) Javanese Conjunction

14) Javanese Sentence

Hopefully, we will learn all these points together in this langblr! Thank you 😊😊

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✨Javanese Feeling and Emotion Vocab✨

*Note: the format is Written Version (Spoken Version).

Rasa ati = feelings

Hawa ati = mood

Jiwarasa = emotion

Asênêng (sênêng) = happy

Abungah (bungah) = glad

Asêdhih (sêdhih)= sad

Kaget = shocked, surprised

Awani (wani) = brave

Awêdi (wêdi) = afraid

Anêsu (nêsu)= angry

Agêla (gêla) = dissappointed, upset

Agêtun (gêtun)= remorseful

Anyêl = irritated

Adrêng= enthusiastic

Abosên (bosên) = bored

Abigar (bigar) = delighted

Agila (gila) = disgusted

Angati-ati (ngati-ati)= careful

Awaspada (waspada)= cautious

Antêng = calm, composed

Anrima (nrima) = grateful, content

Abingung (bingung) = confused

Atatag (tatag)= confident

Isin = embarassed

Isinan = shy

Umuk = prideful

Anggagas (nggagas) = concerned

Ora anggagas (ora nggagas) = skeptical

Ora anggagasan (ora nggagasan)= carefree

Gojag-gajêg = hestitant

Atulus (tulus) = sincere

Gumrêgêt = spirited

Adoh = distant

Abingar (bingar)= cheerful

Ablaka (blaka) = bold

Anyêp ati = cold (as in person)

Angêt ati = warm (as in person)

Kalaran = hurt

Awirang (wirang) = humiliated

Asuntrut (suntrut) = gloomy, deppressed

Abudrêk (budrêk) = frustrated

Meri = envious

Apait ati (pait ati) = bitter

Apik = good

Apikan = kind

Rasan = overly sensitive

Adhewekan/asuwung (dhewekan/suwung)= lonely

Wêden = chicken-hearted

Agugup (gugup) = nervous

Sumêlang = worry

Pakewuh = uncomfortable, shy

Asungkan (sungkan) = reluctant

Kêsêl = exhausted

Aneh = weird

Asangsara (sangsara) = miserable

Mêsakake = pitiful

Ora apenak (ora penak) = uncomfortable

Alara ati (lara ati) = broken hearted

Asalah (salah) = guilty

Anyênêngake (nyênêngake) = fun

Alucu (lucu) = funny

Marêm = satisfied

Kangên = to miss (someone/something)

Abombong (bombong) = encouraged

Last update: 10th March 2021

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✨Pratelan Ukara Padinan✨

Ya wis, dilakoni.

ID: Ya udah, jalani saja.

EN: Let's face it

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✨Langblr Bahasa Jawa✨

Buat temen-temen yang mau belajar bahasa Jawa bisa banget buat ngikutin langblr ini!

Kalo temen-temen ada saran atau pertanyaan bisa banget kirim pesan.

Yuk lestarikan bahasa ibu dan bahasa daerah kita dengan mempelajari dan menggunakannya sehari-hari entah secara daring ataupun luring.

😊😁

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✨JAVANESE BASIC LINGUISTIC VOCAB✨

Basa = language

Ukara = sentence

Têmbung = word

Wanda = syllable

Aksara = letter

(Aksara) Wyañjana = consonant

Aksara swara = vowel

Swara jêjêg = 'upright' vowel (open syllable)

Swara miring = 'slanted' vowel (closed syllable)

Wanda bukak = open syllable

Wanda tutup = closed syllable

Ukara takon = question sentence

Ukara pakon = imperative sentence

Ukara warta = news sentence

Ukara lamba = simple sentence

Ukara camboran = complex sentence

Swarawidya = phonology

Tatatulis = orthography

Swarajati = phonetic

Sandhangan = punctuation mark

Sandhangan swara = vowel mark

Sandhangan laras = tone mark

Papênêt = stress

Sandhangan papênêt = stress mark

Paramasastra = grammar

Basa tulis (/katulis/tinulis) = written language

Basa pocap (/kocap) = spoken language

Sastrabasa = literary language

Sastra = literature

Basa laladan = regional language/dialect

Nagarabasa = national language

Carabasa = dialect (of the same language)

Carapocap = accent (pronunciation variation)

Basa parijawat = formal language

Basa padinan = daily language

*Last updated: 5th March 2021

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✨Pratelan Ukara Padinan✨

Tak pikire dhisik.

ID: Aku pikir dahulu

EN: Let me think about it

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✨Pratelan Ukara Padinan✨

Aku cêgukên

ID: Aku cegukan

EN: I got the hiccups

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✨Pratelan Ukara Padinan✨

Pangapurane wis takon.

ID: Maaf sudah bertanya

EN: Sorry I asked

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✨Pratelan Ukara Padinan✨

Ayo lunga mênyang ngendi.

ID: Mari pergi ke suatu tempat

EN: Let's go somewhere

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On Krama: Inggil and Andhap

Regerdless of which basic style one is using, he draws on a small (around 260-item) Krama Inggil (ki) or High Krama vocabulary to show special honor to the person he applies them to. Two schoolboys jabbering in Ngoko about a classmate getting mad would say nêsu ‘angry,’ but of the (respected) teacher losing his temper, they would use the ki word duka 'angry’ (while still speaking in Ngoko); two ladies conversing in Krama and wondering to each other what a certain (esteemed) high official is angry about, would also use the ki word duka 'angry’ while keeping the rest of their speech Krama. Krama Inggil words denote mostly body parts and everyday actions. The feature that distinguishes their usage is that one does not apply them to oneself.[33]

A small subdivision of ki vocabulary is Krama Andhap (ka), humble Krama Inggil, used when speaking “upward” to an exalted person. The ka vocabulary consists mainly of verbs that take indirect objects (give, say, etc.): thus one gives (with the ka word) “upward” to one’s father, a high official, or other social superior, while the father, official, etc. gives (expressed by the ki word) “downward” to someone lower in the social scheme. As contrasted with ki (High Krama), one may-and very often does-apply ka (Humble Krama) words to oneself; expression of selfabnegation is deeply characteristic of the Javanese.

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10 Basic Registers

Further refinements are possible through subdivisions of each major category, as follows.

NGOKO

Ngoko Lugu: ordinary Ngoko, using Ngoko vocabulary throughout except for Krama Inggil reference terms where appropriate.

Ngoko Andhap: humble Ngoko, used for addressing a highly respected person with whom one is on close terms. There are two varieties:

Antya Basa: Ngoko throughout except that the speaker applies Krama Inggil terms to the person he is addressing.

Basa Antya: the same as Antya Basa except a little humbler, having a few Krama words sprinkled in (more or fewer depending on the degree of respect being shown).

MADYA

Madya Krama: middle Krama, using Madya words where they are available, otherwise Krama; Ngoko affixation; and Krama Inggil references where appropriate.

Madya (A)ntara: the same as Madya Krama except that no Krama Inggil references are used.

Madya Ngoko: the same as Madyantara except that a few Ngoko words are sprinkled in-more or fewer depending on how “downward” the person is speaking.

KRAMA

Mudha Krama: the most refined style of Krama, in which Krama vocabulary is employed throughout (where available) with Krama Inggil references to the addressee.

Krama (A)ntara or Krama Lumrah: ordinary Krama, i.e. the same as Mudha Krama but without the Krama Inggil references.

Wrêdha Krama: A slightly less formal variety of Kramantara, using an occasional Ngoko affix and less exalted pronouns for ‘you’-a style used when speaking to someone socially lower but with whom Ngoko would be awkward.

*Plus krama Inggil, which is above the Mudhakrama register. I still on the work for making the good explanation about those guys. I am making it in Indonesian for common Javanese people in Indonesia. I will post it in my other website :)

And the other registers we need to know are Basa Kedaton, Krama Desa, and Basa Kasar. They are real and actually still around but we don’t need to use them in most cases.

And tbh, the subdivisions are actually somewhat EASY because they just differ a little for the same group and the difference used for flexibility in professional, economic, formality, etc level diferences. I hope the article could be done soon after the accurate search XD.

It’s not as disastrous as we are told ;-)

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Paritembung Jawi

Omah = house

Lawang = door

Cêndhela = window

Angin-angin = ventilation

Pandhapa = house hall (pavilion)

Teras = veranda

Pawon = kitchen

Kamar tilêm = bedroom

Kolah = bathroom

Paturasan = toilet

Sumur = water well

Taman/kêbon = garden

Kursi = chair

Meja = table

Tanduran = living plant

Regol = house gate

Thênguk-thênguk = just sitting and relaxing

Lungguh = to sit

Maratamu = to come as guest

Nyuguhi = to serve food or drink for guest

Ngañcing = to lock

Nutup = to close

Mbukak = to open

*ñ = nya

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Daily Reminder:

Remember guys, learning a language is like creating second nature aka the habit. Once we understand the nature of it, its system, how it works just the way it is... until we accept it and become accostumed with it. Then, we will really 'master' it. Just hold on!!!

😊😊😊

Do your best and good luck!!!

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💫Javanese Vowel Rule💫

Hi guys, how are you today? 😊😊

So today we are gonna learn about Javanese vowel rule. We already learned some starter on the last post about Javanese transliteration. So, please check that post if you haven't learned it yet. Let's just start!

1) Javanese vowels are jêjêg in open syllable and miring in open syllable. Only the vowel Ê (pêpêt, schwa) that doesn't have any counterpart or pair. There are some exception still that will be mentioned in this post.

2) Javanese vowel U and I don't go full miring in two-syllables word like other vowels. The example:

-) Laran = Làràn

-) Lirih = Lîrìh

-) Lumbung = Lûmbùng

-) Keren = Kèrèn

-) Ngomong = Ngòmòng

-) Kêsêd = Kêsêd

3) Javanese closed syllable positioned at the first of the two-syllables word will have jêjêg vowel. The A vowel will following the general basic rule to be miring vowel.

-) Jambu = Jàmbu

-) Lindhu = Lîndhu

-) Tumbu = Tûmbu

-) Cengkre = Céngkre

-) Blondho = Blôndho

-) Kêndho = Kêndho

4) The A vowel will be miring when followed by vowels U, I, E, O.

-) Alu = Àlu

-) Ali-ali = Àli-Àli

-) Bale = Bàle

-) Halo = Hàlo

4) The vowel A in closed syllable will be jêjêg vowel when followed by another vowel A in an open syllable.

-) Amba = Âmbâ

-) Kandha = Kândhâ

-) Angka = Ângkâ

5) The first vowel A in three rows in sequence or just in three-syllables word will have the tendency to become a schwa. The written version keeps the original vowel.

-) Nagara = Nêgara

-) Kalara-lara = Kêlara-lara

-) Katatu = Kêtatu

-) Babasan = Bêbasan

-) Naraka = Nêraka

6) The vowel O followed by vowel U will become a miring vowel.

-) Wolu = Wòlu

-) Kolu = Kòlu

7) The vowel E will become miring followed by vowel I.

-) Keri = Kèri

-) Jengki = Jèngki

8) The vowel Ê (schwa) have the tendency to be omitted in trisyllabic word.

-) Kalapa = Kêlapa = Klapa

-) Naraka = Nêraka = Nraka

-) Kalara = Kêlara = Klara

9) The open syllable suffixes have the tendency to assimilate with the first vowek of the word.

-) Ka + ulu = Kolu

-) Ka + ili = Keli

-) Ka + anggur = Kanggur

-) Ka + êmpyak = Kêmpyak

-) Sekar + an = Sekaran

-) Ili + an = Ilen

-) Turu + an = Turon

-) Kere + an = Keren*

-) Blondho + an = Blondhon*

-) Bêlên + an = Bêlên

*if needed, the 'homonym' word maybe differentiated in speech intentionally or not by vowel lengthening, pitch, stress, or any combinations.

How is it? If you have any question please message me. Please give comments or suggestion for the lessons! Maturnuwun (thankyou) 🙏