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kimtowell · 6 years ago

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Kanna High - Things you NEED to Know About Mixing Kanna with Weed

If you’re thinking about combining Kanna with weed then this is the blog post you need to read!

Kanna extract is a dietary supplement used to reduce stress and improve mood. At large servings, it is sometimes reported to produce a feeling of euphoria.

As a disclaimer, we do not condone the use of illegal substances. It is important to make sure that you fully understand the legal status of cannabis in your state or country.

This article is for informative purposes only and is aimed at people who live in areas of the world where cannabis and CBD are legal for recreational or medical use.

What is Kanna?

Kanna is a mood-lifting and stress-reducing extract from the Sceletium tortusum plant, found in Southern Africa. It has been used for centuries by the Khoisan people as a cultural and spiritual remedy.

When Dutch settlers arrived in South Africa, they noted that the Khoisan people would use fermented Kanna plants during social events, and would sometimes seem inebriated after consuming large amounts.

Kanna wasn’t brought to the West until fairly recently, mostly because of the difficulties in growing large amounts of good quality plants. The arid climate and the succulent nature of the plants make producing a standardized extract somewhat difficult.

However, researchers have recently discovered that Kanna works in the brain to boost serotonin levels and as an inhibitor of the PDE4 enzyme. These findings attest to its benefits for improving mood and reducing stress.

Although there is still room for further clinical research, anecdotal reports tend to indicate that the plant extract produces a noticeable improvement in mood and sometimes a light euphoria. It is also used in small quantities to boost cognitive performance.

Check Out Our Range of Kanna Extract

Why Take Kanna with Weed?

Once people found out about the mood-boosting and stress-reducing benefits of Kanna extract, the question of combining this natural supplement with cannabis was inevitable.

One important factor in combining Kanna with weed is that Kanna also has a history of being used spiritually. In fact, the Khoisan people claimed that it was at least mildly psychoactive – and these reports were confirmed by the writings of Dutch settlers, as well as anecdotal reports from modern times.

Most people who take Kanna with weed are looking to boost their high. Combining weed with dietary supplements or recreational psychoactive compounds is very common.

The combination of weed and Kanna is mostly thought to boost the mood-enhancing effects and to reduce the negative aspects of anxiety that weed sometimes produces.

However, as with all psychoactive substances, the subjective experience can differ dramatically from person to person. But, let’s be honest – if you’re thinking about boosting your high with Kanna, you are probably already quite experienced with weed.

Check Out Our Range of Kanna Extract

How to Take Kanna with Weed

Kanna can be smoked, chewed, insufflated, or taken orally in a powder form. The method used often depends on the type of Kanna extract available at the time.

If you only have raw plant material, you’ll most likely need to smoke or chew the plant. However, the alkaloid content is typically quite low so you’d need a rather large amount to feel any effects.

Some people have noted some benefits from combining Kanna extract with cannabis in a joint. You might also be using THC edibles, in which case the best option would be to take Kanna and the edible at the same time since they’ll digest at roughly the same speed.

The best way to combine the two is by using a strong Kanna extract orally, around 1 hour to 40 minutes before smoking your bowl or joint.

There are two key reasons for this:

Strong Kanna extracts are typically in powder form and do not burn well. .

The alkaloids in Kanna may be sensitive to heat and are more active when taken orally. Burning Kanna may destroy the active compounds.

The recommended serving size for Kanna is around 25 – 75 mg. But it’s important to remember that there are different strengths of extracts available.

For example, a 2:1 extract is not very strong so you may need to take a larger serving to feel the effects. However, an extract like MT55, with 5% total alkaloids, is one of the strongest available.

Is it legal to use Kanna with Weed?

Importantly, the state of Louisiana has passed a bill regulating the sale and distribution of Kanna, for human consumption. Kanna may be used as a decorative plant but may not be consumed.

In the rest of the United States, Kanna is not regulated by the FDA and can be purchased as a dietary supplement. That means that all parts of the plant can be legally sold and purchased, throughout the country. If Kanna is sold as a supplement, the manufacturer must meet GMP standards.

However, Kanna may not be sold for medical purposes and is not intended to treat or cure any disease or ailment.

If you live outside the United States, you may need to check your national laws and regulations for the current status of Kanna extract. For example, the United Kingdom’s Psychoactive Substances Bill may impose regulations on importing or possessing Kanna extract.

As for cannabis (weed), this also depends on where you live in the world. In the US, at least 10 States have legalized weed for recreational and medical use, while a further 20 states permit it to be used for medical purposes.

Always check the legal status of any substances – including dietary supplements – before purchasing online, especially if you live outside of the US.

Are There Any Side Effects?

Side effects from Kanna are rare when it is used correctly, at the recommended serving size. Clinical studies at large servings tend to only report mild effects like headaches and the loss of appetite.

However, combining Kanna with weed might cause unforeseen side effects. Some reports online mention feeling nauseous and, in some cases, even vomiting, when using large amounts in combination.

If you have a propensity for feeling negative effects from weed, then combining weed with Kanna might exaggerate these effects. There’s also the chance that it might reduce those negative effects. It’s difficult to tell because people respond very differently to psychoactive substances and it can also depend a lot on the set and setting.

Overall, these are two natural substances – both with very low toxicity.

One important thing to note is that Kanna may increase the amount of serotonin in your brain. For this reason, it is important that anybody using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) does not take Kanna.

Do not use Kanna if you are on antidepressants like SSRIs, or if you are taking any prescription medications.

Do not exceed the recommended serving size for Kanna extracts – and especially for high potency extracts.

What About Kanna with CBD?

CBD, or cannabidiol, is a non-psychoactive component of marijuana with a number of health benefits.

CBD is often used to reduce feelings of stress, improve mood, and to reduce pain. Unlike weed, CBD allows you to function normally – it doesn’t get you high!

CBD with Kanna seems to be a great combination as the effects of each supplement complement each other. This is recommended for those who are not looking for a Kanna high but are rather looking to boost the positive, life-enhancing effects of either CBD or Kanna.

Unfortunately, it is difficult to find products that sell both Kanna and CBD combined, so you’ll most likely need to purchase the two separately and combine them yourself.

It’s best to start by using a low serving size for each and seeing how you respond, to find the ideal amount for your body type.

Check Out Our Range of Kanna Extract

Medical Disclaimer

Not intended to treat, diagnose, or cure any disease or ailment. Please read and fully understand the potential adverse effects before using this product. These statements have not been reviewed by the FDA and are not written by a medical professional.

Please consult your doctor before using any supplements, especially if you have any medical conditions.

The post Kanna High - Things you NEED to Know About Mixing Kanna with Weed appeared first on LiftMode Blog. Kanna High - Things you NEED to Know About Mixing Kanna with Weed published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 6 years ago

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What is the Difference Between Rutin & Quercetin?

Rutin and Quercetin are very similar compounds, both in terms of their chemical structure and their beneficial effects in humans. In nature, Rutin and Quercetin are almost always found together, in similar amounts.

However, many people have heard either of Quercetin or of Rutin, and you might be unaware that they’re actually almost exactly the same compound. The key difference is in the chemical structure – Rutin has an added sugar group.

Another difference is that Quercetin has been studied more extensively than Rutin. This is likely because of Quercetin’s better overall absorption spectrum. However, the two compounds have very similar effects in humans.

Rutin vs. Quercetin: Differences in Chemical Structure and Metabolism.

Chemically, the difference between the two is an added rutinose sugar group on the Rutin compound.[1] This means that Rutin needs to be digested in the stomach before its effects can kick in. This means that Rutin has a different absorption profile to Quercetin – it takes a little longer for the effects to be felt, and the effects last a little longer.

After taking a Rutin supplement, bacteria in the intestines break the bond between the rutinose sugar and the Quercetin compound, releasing ‘pure’ Quercetin. This process does not occur for Quercetin.[2]

Although this has not been studied in humans yet, it is conceivable that the rutinose sugar released by Rutin benefits gut bacteria but supplying them with an energy source (bacteria typically use large amounts of sugar as their energy source).

Check Out Our Range of Quercetin

Rutin and Gut Bacteria

Several studies have found that Rutin is metabolized by bacteria in the gut. In one animal study, rats were fed a diet with a Rutin concentration of 0.4%. Another group of rats was fed the same diet, with an additional probiotic supplement.

The results showed that the group that received the probiotic supplement had significantly improved antioxidant outcomes.[3]

This solidifies the evidence that Rutin is metabolized by gut bacteria, and this is also why we suggest taking probiotic supplements along with Rutin.

However, the same has not been found for Quercetin, which does not appear to be metabolized by gut bacteria.

Differences in Effects:

Quercetin has been used far more extensively in scientific research than Rutin. As a result, there is a wider range of known benefits to Quercetin. For example, Quercetin has been studied for its benefits in stress-release, improvements in physical energy, pain relief, and for promoting healthy skin.

Since Rutin hasn’t been studied as much as Quercetin, there is not as much evidence for these benefits. However, since the compounds are identical (once Rutin has been digested by gut bacteria), it is very likely that similar experiments for Rutin would yield the same results.

Summary of Rutin vs. Quercetin

RutinQuercetinFound in most fruits and vegetables, especially in buckwheat [4]Found in most fruits and vegetables [5]Powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [6] [7] [8]Powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [9] [10] [11]Supports a healthy immune systemSupports a healthy immune systemAdditional Rutinose sugar group-Metabolized by gut bacteria [12]Absorbed directly [13]May help with pain reliefMay help with pain relief [14]Not studied.Promotes healthy skin [15]Not studied.Reduces stress and promotes relaxation [16]Not studied.Boosts physical energy levels and exercise performance [17]-Reduces carcinogenesis in rats [18]Slightly longer duration of effects[19]-

Check Out Our Range of Rutin Extract

Our Recommendation:

We recommend taking Rutin and Quercetin together to optimize their benefits. Since they have slightly different absorption profiles, taking the two together gives you a ‘full spectrum’ of antioxidant and health-promoting effects, over a longer period of time.

Also, in their natural sources – fruits and vegetables – these two powerful antioxidants are found in similar quantities. It is possible that there are benefits to using the two phytochemicals together, which have not yet been elucidated by scientific studies.

Although it has not been studied yet, it is conceivable that the compounds might interact together in the body to produce an improved spectrum of effects.

Medical Disclaimer

Not intended to treat, diagnose, or cure any disease or ailment. Please read and fully understand potential adverse effects before using this product. These statements have not been reviewed by the FDA and are not written by a medical professional. Please consult your doctor before using any supplements, especially if you have any medical conditions.

Citations and Supporting Literature:

[1] Rutin. (2018). PubChem, U.S. National Library of Medicine. [online] Available at https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/rutin

[2] Amaretti, A., Raimondi, S., Leonardi, A., Quartieri, A., & Rossi, M. (2015). Hydrolysis of the rutinose-conjugates flavonoids rutin and hesperidin by the gut microbiota and bifidobacteria. Nutrients, 7(4), 2788-800.

[3] Uskova, M.A., Kravchenko, L.V., Avrenjeva, L.I., Tutelyan, V.A. (2010). Effect of Lactobacillus casei 114001 probiotic on bioactivity of rutin. Bull Exp Biol Med. 149(5):578-82.

[4] Ganeshpurkar, A., & Saluja, A.K. (2016). The Pharmacological Potential of Rutin. Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 25(2), 149-164.

[5] Nishimuro, H., Ohnishi, H., Sato, M., Ohnishi-Kameyama, M., Matsunaga, I., Naito, S., Ippoushi, K., Oike, H., Nagata, T., Akasaka, H., Saitoh, S., Shimamoto, K., … Kobori, M. (2015). Estimated daily intake and seasonal food sources of quercetin in Japan. Nutrients, 7(4), 2345-58.

[6] Guardia, T., Rotelli, A.E., Juarez, A.O., Pelzer, L.E. (2001). Anti-inflammatory properties of plant flavonoids. Effects of rutin, quercetin and hesperidin on adjuvant arthritis in rat. Farmaco. 56(9):683-7.

[7] Nikfarjam, B.A., Adineh, M., Hajiali, F., & Nassiri-Asl, M. (2017). Treatment with Rutin - A Therapeutic Strategy for Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases: - Anti-inflammatory Effects of Rutin on Neutrophils. Journal of pharmacopuncture, 20(1), 52-56.

[8] Enogieru, A.B., Haylett, W., Hiss, D.C., Bardien, S., & Ekpo, O.E. (2018). Rutin as a Potent Antioxidant: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2018, 6241017.

[9] Konrad, M., & Nieman, D. (2015). Chapter 10: Evaluation of Quercetin as a Countermeasure to Exercise-Induced Physiological Stress. In M. Lamprecht, Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition.. Boca Raton: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis.

[10] Zhang, M., Swarts, S.G., Yin, L., Liu, C., Tian, Y., Cao, Y., Swarts, M., Yang, S., Zhang, S.B., Zhang, K., Ju, S., Olek, D.J. Jr, Schwartz, L., Keng, P.C., Howell, R., Zhang, L., Okunieff, P. (2011). Antioxidant properties of quercetin. Adv Exp Med Biol, 701:283-9.

[11] Chen, S., Jiang, H., Wu, X., & Fang, J. (2016). Therapeutic Effects of Quercetin on Inflammation, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. Mediators of inflammation, 2016, 9340637.

[12] Braune, A., & Blaut, M. (2016). Bacterial species involved in the conversion of dietary flavonoids in the human gut. Gut microbes, 7(3), 216-34.

[13] Spencer, J.P., Kuhnle, G.G., Williams, R.J., & Rice-Evans, C. (2003). Intracellular metabolism and bioactivity of quercetin and its in vivo metabolites. The Biochemical journal, 372(Pt 1), 173-81.

[14] Azevedo, M.I., Pereira, A.F., Nogueira, R.B., Rolim, F.E., Brito, G.A., Wong, D.V., Lima-Júnior, R.C., de Albuquerque Ribeiro, R., … Vale, M.L. (2013). The antioxidant effects of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin inhibit oxaliplatin-induced chronic painful peripheral neuropathy. Molecular pain, 9, 53.

[15] Harris, Z., Donovan, M. G., Branco, G. M., Limesand, K. H., & Burd, R. (2016). Quercetin as an Emerging Anti-Melanoma Agent: A Four-Focus Area Therapeutic Development Strategy. Frontiers in nutrition, 3, 48.

[16] Samad, N., Saleem, A., Yasmin, F., Shehzad, M.A. (2018). Quercetin protects against stress-induced anxiety- and depression-like behavior and improves memory in male mice. Physiol Res, 67(5):795-808.

[17] Daneshvar, P., Hariri, M., Ghiasvand, R., Askari, G., Darvishi, L., Mashhadi, N. S., & Khosravi-Boroujeni, H. (2013). Effect of eight weeks of quercetin supplementation on exercise performance, muscle damage and body muscle in male badminton players. International journal of preventive medicine, 4(Suppl 1), S53-7.

[18] Dihal, A.A,. de Boer, V.C., van der Woude, H., Tilburgs, C., Bruijntjes, J.P., Alink, G.M., Rietjens, I.M., Woutersen, R.A., Stierum, R.H. (2006). Quercetin, but not its glycosidated conjugate rutin, inhibits azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in F344 rats. J Nutr, 136(11): 2862-7. [19] Manach, C., Morand, C., Demigné, C., Texier, O., Régérat, F., Rémésy, C. (1997). Bioavailability of rutin and quercetin in rats. FEBS Letters, 409(1): 12-16.

The post What is the Difference Between Rutin & Quercetin? appeared first on LiftMode Blog. What is the Difference Between Rutin & Quercetin? published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 6 years ago

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What is Rutin (Vitamin P - AKA Rutinose)?

Rutin is a potent bioflavonoid supplement that helps promote and maintain a healthy body. It is best known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-supporting benefits. Rutin is related to Quercetin, and the two compounds are always found together in their natural form. Rutin is a ‘slow-release’ version of Quercetin with an added rutinose sugar molecule.[1]

Rutin is digested by bacteria in your gut and goes well with probiotic supplements. The recommended serving size for a high-potency Rutin supplement is around 500 mg, taken once or twice per day. Side effects are uncommon and generally mild (see the ‘side effects’ section below). Make sure you fully understand how to use this supplement before purchasing it.

Background

Rutin is also sometimes called Vitamin P (it is not a true vitamin) or rutoside. It is best thought of as the sister form of Quercetin, one of nature’s most powerful antioxidants.

The name ‘Rutin’ comes from the chemical structure of this compound – a Quercetin molecule bound to a rutinose sugar molecule, which helps the body with absorption. The extra sugar molecule slows the breakdown of Rutin in the stomach and allows the positive effects to continue for a prolonged period of time.[2]

Rutin is often referred to as vitamin because of the amazing and, frankly, essential health benefits. "Vitamin P" refers to ‘bioflavonoids’, of which Rutin/Quercetin are by far the most powerful. Good natural food sources of Rutin include dates, berries, onions, peppers, fruits, and leafy greens.[3] Rutin acts alongside gut bacteria in the stomach, which break the sugar molecule off and allow it to deliver its beneficial effects. Having strong gut bacteria is useful for enjoying the benefits of this supplement, and it can be taken alongside probiotic supplements.[4]

Recently, doctors and scientists have been stressing more and more the importance of bioflavonoids in the human diet.[5] Although Rutin is not an actual vitamin, it is becoming increasingly evident that the human body thrives in an abundance of phytochemicals (plant compounds) – and especially bioflavonoids from fruits and vegetables. Study after study shows how important these natural compounds are for maintaining a healthy circulatory system, fighting inflammation, and for supporting an immune system.

Check Out Our Range of Rutin

Potential Benefits and Effects of Rutin

In their natural form – in fruits and vegetables – Rutin and Quercetin are almost always found together, and often in very similar amounts. They are both absorbed quickly in the intestines, but Rutin interacts more with gut bacteria.

In one study, researchers found gave rats a strong extract from mulberries, rich in both Quercetin and Rutin. The results indicated that the maximum concentration in the bloodstream after taking the extract was 20 minutes for Quercetin and 1 hour for Rutin.[6] The most important health benefits of this supplement include:

1. Powerful Naturally-Occurring Antioxidant

One of nature’s most powerful antioxidants. Antioxidants protect your body by destroying harmful ‘free-radicals’ – reactive chemicals that cause can cause ill health. Reactive oxygen species (also known as ‘free-radicals’) are formed through different normal biochemical processes in your body. Stress, a bad diet, drugs, alcohol abuse, environmental pollution, and disease can all contribute to excess free radical production. When left unchecked, these compounds can cause damage to the cells in your body, and even to your DNA.

That’s why antioxidants are so important for good health. And of all the naturally-occuring antioxidants we know of, Rutin is up there with the most powerful. A great benefit of antioxidant compounds is that they help to protect your circulatory system by preventing the build-up of cholesterol plaques. As we mentioned before, this is why doctors around the world are calling bioflavonoids the new “Vitamin P” – their antioxidant effects are essential for a healthy heart and a healthy body!

Study: In 2018, researchers set out to discover the true antioxidant potential of Rutin. They exposed cellular cultures to a variety of toxins and conducted numerous tests on lab rats to try to figure out how it works so well to promote good health. They found that Rutin activates a number of different biochemical mechanisms in the body to prevent cellular damage and to protect DNA.[7]

What this study indicates: Rutin is a powerful antioxidant with protective effects on the circulatory system and on cells in the body. It is a great supplement for promoting good health.

2. Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effects

Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effects! In addition to Rutin’s powerful antioxidant benefits, it is also a very potent natural anti-inflammatory compound. This means that it helps your body to manage inflammation. Studies today show that bioflavonoids like Quercetin and Rutin are excellent natural anti-inflammatory agents. Another reason why doctors recommend eating 5-10 servings of fruits and vegetables per day!

Inflammation is your body’s natural response when it’s ‘under attack’. Bacterial infections, scratches, bruises, and allergies all evoke the immune response. The immune response is visible through inflammation such as swelling, and redness. Inflammation is perfectly normal and is actually a very important part of a healthy body. The problems occur when inflammation gets out of hand. Long-term stress and illnesses can cause too much inflammation. Allergies are also a very frustrating form of inflammation.

STUDY: In 2017, researchers used human cell cultures to identify the anti-inflammatory effects of Rutin. They isolated human neutrophils (important enzymes in your body’s first line of defense) and treated the cells with Rutin to record its effects. They found that Rutin had no negative effects on the viability of the neutrophils (a good thing!). However, it significantly reduced the production of inflammation markers (NO and TNF-α) by the immune enzymes.[8]

What this study indicates: Without ‘hurting’ or damaging important immune enzymes, Rutin is able to temporarily decrease their ability to cause inflammation. This is an excellent outcome for a natural anti-inflammatory compound, and these effects are considered to be quite remarkable.

3. Helps to Support a Healthy Immune System

Rutin is great for supporting a healthy immune system! Even though it helps as an anti-inflammatory, studies have found that Rutin (and Quercetin) help to promote a strong immune system. Actually, this had been known for a long time. It is already well established that a large intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with an improved immune system.[9] Fruits and vegetables provide minerals, vitamins, and – importantly – bioflavonoids like Rutin.

‘Immunomodulators’ are a class of compounds that are able to reduce the negative effects of inflammation – swelling, fear, and allergies – while simultaneously supporting the body’s ability to fight foreign pathogens, toxins, and bacteria. Bioflavonoids are considered to be great natural immunomodulators and Rutin is one of the best-known bioflavonoids today.

STUDY: In a 2017 study, researchers examined the effects of Rutin on the mammalian immune system in a series of experiments. The results proved to be very exciting.

Rutin was found to improve phagocytosis (the process where immune cells engulf bacteria and toxins, to remove them).

The results further attested to the antioxidant benefits of Rutin, which are also important for a healthy immune system.

The researchers found that Rutin improved the binding of neutrophils to foreign-bodies. Neutrophils can be thought of as ‘scavenger’ enzymes that find toxins and trigger the immune response.

The results showed an increase in the production of antibodies (immune cells that destroy foreign toxins) after animals were given Rutin.[10]

What this study indicates: This study clearly shows the immune-supporting benefits of Rutin. Although the study was performed on animals, the immune system is very similar in all mammals. When taken as a supplement or in its natural form, this phytochemical is definitely great for supporting a healthy immune system.

Recommended Usage for Rutin

There is no established RDA for Rutin (Vitamin P) at this time. However, most human studies tend to use a serving size of around 500 mg, taken once to twice per day. Rutin can be taken alongside Quercetin, in which case we recommend using half the usual serving size for each supplement. Rutin’s effects might also be enhanced by using probiotic or prebiotic supplements that support gut health.

Rutin is sold in a powder form. It comes with a measuring scoop to easily measure out the correct serving size. It can be swallowed directly with a glass of water or dissolved in a juice or healthy smoothie. You may also be interested in purchasing some capsules for ease of use.

DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SIZE FOR THIS SUPPLEMENT.

Check Out Our Range of Rutin

Side Effects and Warnings

There have not been many human studies of large servings of Rutin to assess the most common side effects. However, Healthline.com notes several potential adverse effects that may be experienced when taking Rutin. These could include one or more of:

Blurred vision

Upset stomach

A headache

Flushed skin

Nervousness

Rash

Changes in heartbeat

Fluid accumulation in the knees

Muscle stiffness/soreness

High white blood cell count [11]

It’s important to remember that any adverse effects are more likely to be experienced when you use larger servings. It’s also important to remember that most people who use Rutin supplements will not experience any adverse effects at all.

The health benefits of bioflavonoids such as Rutin and Quercetin far outweigh any potential side effects, but for your own benefit, we do not recommend exceeding the serving size of 500 mg.

Check Out Our Range of Rutin

Summary: What is Rutin?

Overall, Rutin (rutoside) is a potent dietary supplement and a naturally-occurring phytochemical with fantastic benefits for human health. Bioflavonoids are a class of compounds that are essential for health and well-being, and Rutin (AKA ‘slow-release’ Quercetin) is the best-known bioflavonoid. The health benefits of this great supplement include:

Powerful anti-inflammatory effects

Supports a healthy circulatory system

The top antioxidant bioflavonoid

Promotes strong immune function

The recommended serving size is 500 mg, taken once to twice per day. Do not exceed the serving suggestion. Please read the medical disclaimer below to ensure that you fully understand how to use this supplement before purchasing it.

References

[1] Al-Dhabi, N.A., Arasu, M.V., Park, C.H., & Park, S.U. (2015). An up-to-date review of rutin and its biological and pharmacological activities. EXCLI journal, 14, 59-63. doi:10.17179/excli2014-663

[2] Kim, H., Kong, H., Choi, B., Yang, Y., Kim, Y., Lim, M. J., … Jung, Y. (2005). Metabolic and Pharmacological Properties of Rutin, a Dietary Quercetin Glycoside, for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pharmaceutical Research, 22(9), 1499–1509. doi:10.1007/s11095-005-6250-z

[3] Nishimuro, H., Ohnishi, H., Sato, M., Ohnishi-Kameyama, M., Matsunaga, I., Naito, S., Ippoushi, K., Oike, H., Nagata, T., Akasaka, H., Saitoh, S., Shimamoto, K., … Kobori, M. (2015). Estimated daily intake and seasonal food sources of quercetin in Japan. Nutrients, 7(4), 2345-58. doi:10.3390/nu7042345

[4] Alice, T., Yves, H., & Jin, S. (2018). Biotransformation of Rutin to Quercetin by Human Gut Bacteria and Its Effect on Rutin Bioavailability. Research Inventy: International Journal Of Engineering And Science, 8(2), 11-17.

[5] Aune, D., Giovannucci, E., Boffetta, P., Fadnes, L. T., Keum, N., Norat, T., Greenwood, D. C., Riboli, E., Vatten, L. J., … Tonstad, S. (2017). Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. International journal of epidemiology, 46(3), 1029-1056.

[6] Ou-yanga, Z., Caoa, X., Weia, Y., Zhanga, W., Zhaoa, M., Duanb, J. (2013). Pharmacokinetic study of rutin and quercetin in rats after oral administration of total flavones of mulberry leaf extract. Rev Bras Farmacogn 23(2013): 776-782

[7] Ganeshpurkar, A., & Saluja, A. K. (2016). The Pharmacological Potential of Rutin. Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 25(2), 149-164.

[8] Nikfarjam, B. A., Adineh, M., Hajiali, F., & Nassiri-Asl, M. (2017). Treatment with Rutin - A Therapeutic Strategy for Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases: - Anti-inflammatory Effects of Rutin on Neutrophils. Journal of pharmacopuncture, 20(1), 52-56.

[9] Gibson, A., Edgar, J. D., Neville, C. E., Gilchrist, S. E., McKinley, M. C., Patterson, C. C., … Woodside, J. V. (2012). Effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on immune function in older people: a randomized controlled trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 96(6), 1429–1436. doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.039057

[10] Ganeshpurkar, A., & Saluja, A. K. (2017). Protective effect of rutin on humoral and cell mediated immunity in rat model. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 273, 154–159. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2017.06.006

[11] Gotter, A., & Wilson, D.R. (2017) The Potential Health Benefits of Rutin. [online] Healthline. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/potential-benefits-of-rutin

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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What is Kanna (Sceletium Tortuosum Extract)? AKA Channa/Kougoed

Kanna is a plant extract and a new supplement that is known for its effects on mood and stress. It can be taken in a number of ways – smoked, chewed, or swallowed. Kanna has a long history of use by indigenous people in Southern Africa, where it grows in the wild. It has only recently been discovered by Western science and is of great interest to researchers exploring natural mood boosters.

This is one of the only fully standardized Kanna extracts available today, with 5+% total alkaloids and >3% Mesembrine. The recommended serving size is 25 – 75 mg, taken once to twice per day. Limited studies in humans mean that it is important to stick to the suggested serving size. Make sure you read and fully understand potential side effects and interactions before using this supplement.

Background

Kanna – also known as Sceletium or Kougeod – is a strong mood-booster plant extract derived from a succulent plant that grows in Southern Africa. It was used for thousands of years by the Khoisan people as a euphoria-inducing remedy during cultural and religious ceremonies.[1] The Khoisan also used Kanna as an adaptogenic remedy – to protect the body against environmental stress. Adaptogens help the body’s natural coping mechanisms deal better with stresses like hot weather, exercise, and other forms of stress.

In the past, the Khoisan people (known as Bushmen) used to leave the Kanna plants in the sun to ferment, which helped to naturally release the active alkaloids – Mesembrine, Mesembrane, and Mesembrenone.

Today, high-tech extraction techniques allow us to isolate these compounds without fermentation. There is a wide variety of strength and potency of different Kanna extracts around the world. The alkaloids are very potent. A 5+% total alkaloid extract, with 3% pure Mesembrine, produces noticeable to strong effects at the suggested serving size.

Although Kanna has been used by Khoi people in Southern Africa for millennia, and also by many people South Africa today, it has only very recently gained global recognition. This is due to past difficulties with extraction and large-scale production. Around the world today, people are talking about the benefits of Kanna extract – for stress reduction, mood, relaxation, and cognition. There is also a definite increase in the number of studies being conducted on this plant species – a number of new studies are published in the US each year. This helps us to better understand the effects and benefits of this remarkable plant species!

Check Out Our Range of Kanna Extract

Benefits and Effects of Kanna

The human benefits of Kanna extract are a result of the actions of special compounds called alkaloids that are unique to the Kanna plant. Depending on where and how the plant was grown, the content of alkaloids can vary greatly – from 0.02 to 2.3% of the total plant weight! This is partly why it was so difficult to produce a standardized extract in the past. The three main active components in Kanna extract are:

Mesembrine

Mesemebrenone

Mesembrane

These alkaloids are responsible for the noticeable benefits of this supplement, in combination with lesser alkaloids like Mesembrenol and Mesembranol. Our Kanna extract has a high concentration (at least 3%) of Mesmebrine, which is thought to be most responsible for mood and cognitive benefits.

So, when people ask "What is Kanna?" they're often wondering about what the active compounds are and how Kanna produces such great benefits!

1. Powerful Mood Booster

Without a doubt, the most potent effect of the Kanna extract is its ability to improve your mood. The Mesembrine alkaloid has modulating effects on serotonin receptors, allowing for levels of serotonin to temporarily increase in the brain.[2] Compounds that improve serotonin levels are known for their ability to boost mood and produce feelings of happiness, elation, and euphoria. This is undoubtedly why the Khoisan people have used Kanna for so many generations!

Experience report from Erowid.org:

“A very enjoyable experience although the euphoria seems to reach a plateau and taking more does not increase it, even the [dreams] were good as they were particularly vivid. Once the euphoria ceases it does not seem to be reachable again until the effects have completely worn off. An excellent way to finish off a bad week, a mild and friendly [supplement], just it’s not something to take if I want to get off my face. My wife didn't notice anything strange about me during this period and she was not aware I had taken anything. It made me feel like nothing mattered.”[3]

Experience report from Erowid.org:

“I have been experimenting extensively with this plant since I had the good fortune of befriending a local grower of exotic plants and entheogens. My Kanna is freshly picked, then shred to a fine(not powdered) consistency, allowed to ferment slowly in a plastic container, and then air dried in a cool environment. It is very effective, either alone or in combination with cannabis. It provides a dreamy, content state. There is an initial feeling of alertness, brightening of colours, and an internal warmth. This is followed by a giddy, light-headed, slightly drowsy state. I just can't put your finger on it. An interesting substance!”[4]

2. Stress-Reducing Properties

Secondary to its mood-booster effects, Kanna also helps to reduce feelings of stress. Again, this has been known for millennia by the indigenous people of Southwestern Africa but has only recently been confirmed by Western scientific methods. Aside from its effects on serotonin, researchers have found that Sceletium also temporarily inhibits the PDE4 enzyme – a vital enzyme in inflammation. By modulating the activity of the PDE4 enzyme, Kougoed extract helps to reduce feelings of stress and to lightly reduce inflammation.[5]

STUDY: In one study from the University of Cape Town, South Africa, 16 participants aged 18-21 years were given 25 mg of a 2:1 strength extract of Kanna. Two tasks were then performed: a perceptual-load task (to assess the levels of stress) and an emotion-matching task (a measure of changes in connectivity between the amygdala and cortical/subcortical brain structures). MRI scans were also recorded. The results showed a decrease in stress levels and a reduction in the amygdala-hypothalamus coupling. [6]

What this study indicates: Kanna extract may be effective at reducing stress levels and allowing people to ignore stimuli that are not related to the task at hand (improve focus).

Check Out Our Range of Kanna Extract

3. Helps with Cognitive Function and Focus

The cognitive enhancing benefits of Kanna have only recently been discovered, where people noticed that their ability to maintain focus and concentration improved after using the plant extract. Today, some scientists think that they’ve worked out the underlying mechanism behind this. By blocking the activity of the PDE4 enzyme, Kanna allows an increase in cAMP – a biochemical molecule used for energy in cells. The noticeable effects of this include benefits for memory, wakefulness, and mental focus. As an example, Caffeine is also a PDE4 inhibitor – like Kanna!

STUDY: In a similar study to the one above, 21 Canadian participants aged around 55 years, received either 25 mg of 2:1 Kanna extract, or placebo, for 3 weeks. The results showed a significant improvement in executive function and cognitive flexibility for the group who received the active supplement. Results also indicated a marked improvement in mood scores for the active group. These effects are thought to be related to PDE4 inhibition.[7]

What this study indicates: Apart from its mood-boosting and stress-reducing benefits, Kanna extract may also be effective at improving cognitive performance, and particularly executive function.

Recommended Dosage for Sceletium Extract

The recommended serving size for Kanna is typically 25 – 75 mg, taken once to twice daily. It is important to remember that most studies have used a 2:1 ratio extract (a standardized 2X extract of raw plant material). LiftMode’s Kanna extract is much more potent than this, with 5+% total alkaloid content. Always start by using a lower serving size to assess your response.

Kanna extract can be taken in a number of ways. We recommend taking it under the tongue (sublingual) for optimum effects. The powder can also be washed down with water or juice but is not very soluble. Alternatively, vegetarian (pullulan) capsules can be used should you prefer to encapsulate this product - making it easier to store and handle.

Check Out Our Range of Kanna Extract

Side Effects and Warnings

When taken at the recommended serving size, Kanna extract is considered safe and is generally without side effects. At larger servings, some adverse effects may be noticeable, like headaches, sweating, nausea, dizziness, and an upset stomach.

One long-term study was carried out on a 2:1 strength Kanna extract, over 3 consecutive months of use at either 8 mg or 25 mg per serving. Kanna was found to be well tolerated. Side effects were more common in the placebo group than the group receiving the active compound.[8] These results were reported again in another study – where the placebo group experienced more negative side effects like headaches, appetite loss, and mild skin irritation.

To reduce the likelihood of experiencing negative effects, do not exceed the recommended serving size. Kanna has not been sufficiently studied in pregnant or nursing women. If you have any underlying medical conditions or are taking any medication, speak to your doctor before using this supplement as there may be a risk of negative interactions.

Summary: So What is Kanna?

Overall, Kanna is a powerful new plant extract with impressive mood-lifting and stress-reducing effects. It may also improve cognitive function and assist with sleep. LiftMode’s Kanna extract contains 5+% total alkaloid content and 3% Mesmebrine. This is a very potent extract. Benefits include:

Powerful increase in mood

Reduction in feelings of stress

Enhancement of cognitive function

Helps with sleep

Now, if anybody asks you - what is Kanna? - you'll have a great way to explain it to them!

The recommended serving size is 25 – 75 mg, taken once to twice per day. Do not exceed the serving suggestion. Please read the medical disclaimer below.

References:

[1] Gericke, N. & Viljoen, A. (2008). Sceletium-A review update. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 119. 653-63.

[2] Harvey, A. L., Young, L. C., Viljoen, A. M., & Gericke, N. P. (2011). Pharmacological actions of the South African medicinal and functional food plant Sceletium tortuosum and its principal alkaloids. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 137(3), 1124–1129.

[3] “Finished the Working Week on a High”. (2006). Experience on Erowid.org [online] Available at https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=51549 [4] “Dreamy Energizing Smoke”. (2007). Experience on Erowid.org [online] Available at https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=34628 [5] Bennett, A. C., & Smith, C. (2018). Immunomodulatory effects of Sceletium tortuosum (Trimesemine™) elucidated in vitro : Implications for chronic disease. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 214, 134–140.

[6] Terburg, D., Syal, S., Rosenberger, L. A., Heany, S., Phillips, N., Gericke, N., Stein, D. J., … van Honk, J. (2013). Acute effects of Sceletium tortuosum (Zembrin), a dual 5-HT reuptake and PDE4 inhibitor, in the human amygdala and its connection to the hypothalamus. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 38(13), 2708-16.

[7] Chiu, S., Gericke, N., Farina-Woodbury, M., Badmaev, V., Raheb, H., Terpstra, K., … Goble, L. (2014). Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Study of Cognition Effects of the Proprietary ExtractSceletium tortuosum(Zembrin) Targeting Phosphodiesterase-4 in Cognitively Healthy Subjects: Implications for Alzheimer’s Dementia. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014, 1–9.

[8] Nell, H., Siebert, M., Chellan, P., & Gericke, N. (2013). A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Extract Sceletium tortuosum (Zembrin) in Healthy Adults. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 19(11), 898–904.

The post What is Kanna (Sceletium Tortuosum Extract)? AKA Channa/Kougoed appeared first on LiftMode Blog. What is Kanna (Sceletium Tortuosum Extract)? AKA Channa/Kougoed published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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Top 6 Supplements for Energy and Focus in 2019

Do you often find yourself struggling to maintain energy through the day? Do you find your mind wandering while trying to work or study? We all know how this feels, and how frustrating it can be.

Unfortunately, there’s no single magic bullet for energy levels. Studies have shown that the best way to improve your overall energy and mental focus is through lifestyle changes – more exercise, better sleep, less stress, and a healthier diet. These natural hacks are sure to leave you feeling more vitalized and capable of handling life’s day-to-day challenges.

However, not everyone is willing or able to change their lifestyle just yet. Or, perhaps you’re already living your best life, but you’re looking for something to boost your energy to a whole new level! That’s where these top natural dietary supplements come into play. Check out the list below of 2019’s best supplements for improving energy and focus!

Top 6 Supplements for Energy and Focus in 2019

1. LiftMode’s Energy Stack Capsules

A one-of-a-kind supplement stack, packed with no less than 7 top natural supplements for energy and focus. These capsules pack a punch! Needs to be used responsibly and provides a significant increase in mood and energy levels while supporting cognitive performance. Each capsule contains:

PEA (Phenylethylamine HCL) - 300mg

A neurotransmitter with significant energizing and mood-lifting effects. It is often associated with the ‘Runner’s High’ and is capable of increasing catecholamine synthesis (dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine) in the brain.[1]

Hordenine - 75mg

A potent energizer that increases focus and mental energy. Acts at MAO enzymes to increase the length of PEA’s effects.[2]

Ascorbyl Palmitate (Vitamin C) - 75mg

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin with anti-stress and immune support benefits. It also helps to improve absorption of other supplements.[3]

Rhodiola Rosea Extract - 50mg

A fatigue-reducing herbal extract known as a powerful adaptogen (allows the body to better adapt to stress). May have beneficial effects on cognitive performance.[4]

Caffeine - 50mg

The world’s most widely consumed stimulant – greatly improves attention and focus.[5] Needs to be used responsibly.

Piperine - 20mg

Black Pepper Extract with powerful effects that enhance the uptake and efficacy of dietary supplements.[6]

Yohimbine HCl - 5mg

A potent energizing compound from the Yohimbe tree with significant wakefulness-promoting effects. Needs to be used responsibly.[7]

Our Energy Capsules are for anybody looking for a mood and focus kick, without the need for using powders. The recommended serving size for this supplement stack is 1 – 2 capsules, once to twice daily. At larger serving sizes, side effects may include headaches, nervousness, twitching, irritability, difficulty sleeping, and restlessness. Do not take this supplement in the afternoon or evening as it may interfere with sleep.

DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SIZE.

LiftMode Energy Stack capsules review:

Positive:

Energy Boost★★★★★Mood Enhancement★★★★★Mental Focus & Clarity★★★★★

Negative:

Side Effects★★☆☆☆Potential Danger★★★☆☆

2. Caffeine + L-Theanine Capsules

Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed energizing compounds on Earth. It is found both in coffee (Coffea arabica) and tea (Camellia sinesis) and has potent wakefulness-promoting and focusing effects. Caffeine promotes dopaminergic and adrenergic signalling in the brain, boosting mood and mental focus. [5]

L-Theanine is a secondary compound that occurs naturally in tea. Studies have shown that L-Theanine has powerful benefits on mental focus, mood, sleep quality, relaxation, and wellness. L-Theanine and caffeine have a great synergistic relationship, and studies have indicated that taking them in combination improves mental energy and focus better than either alone.[8]

This is a great supplement for supporting enhanced cognitive performance and improved energy levels. Like the Energy Capsules, this supplement stack is sold in capsule form for ease of use. No need to measure out powders – simply wash down 1 – 2 capsules, once to twice per day. If you often feel negative effects after drinking coffee, we can highly recommend this supplement stack for you! Studies have indicated that L-Theanine may counteract some of the adverse effects of caffeine, such as jitteriness, headaches and sweaty palms.

One capsule contains 150mg of L-Theanine and 100mg pure Caffeine. The recommended serving size is 1-2 capsules, once or twice daily. Large servings of caffeine can cause nervousness, headache, tremor, palpitations, high blood pressure, insomnia and indigestion. Do not take this supplement in the afternoon or evening as it may interfere with sleep.

DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SIZE.

Caffeine + L-Theanine capsules review:

Positive:

Energy Boost★★★★★Mood Enhancement★★★★☆Mental Focus & Clarity★★★★★

Negative:

Side Effects★☆☆☆☆Potential Danger★★★☆☆

3. Magnesium L-Threonate

Magnesium L-Threonate is a newly-developed supplement and is the only supplement available today that is capable of improving the magnesium levels in your brain. In the brain, magnesium regulates NMDA receptors and is essential for learning, memory, and as an anti-inflammatory. This supplement is great for boosting mental focus and clarity and is often used for cognitive enhancement. [9]

Apart from its unique ability to boost the brain’s magnesium levels, Magnesium L-Threonate also provides all the benefits of regular magnesium supplements. These include support for exercise performance and muscle recovery, stress-reduction, and support for a healthy mood.[10] Many people tend to overlook magnesium and opt for more ‘designer-type’ supplements.

However, magnesium is just as effective as many energizing supplements, especially for boosting physical energy levels. Studies show that magnesium may help to reduce lactate accumulation, to improve muscular strength and output, and to support a healthy circulatory system.[11]

The recommended serving size for Magnesium L-Threonate is 1.2 – 2 grams per day, taken in two separate servings. People who weigh less than 70 kg should take no more than 1.5 grams per day. Typically, magnesium supplements are free from side effects when taken at the suggested serving size. However, Magnesium L-Threonate has not been extensively studied in humans. Do not use this supplement if you have any underlying medical conditions.

DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SUGGESTION.

Magnesium L-Threonate review:

Positive:

Energy Boost★★★★☆Mood Enhancement★★★★☆Mental Focus & Clarity★★★★★

Negative:

Side Effects☆☆☆☆☆Potential Danger★☆☆☆☆

4. Yohimbine HCl

Yohimbine is an energizing and metabolism-boosting supplement derived from the Yohimbe tree. It increases levels of adrenaline in the body and inhibits an enzyme in cells that normally suppresses fat burning. It is often used as an aphrodisiac because of its effects on vitality. It is also used as a potent wakefulness-promoting supplement with aphrodisiac effects.[12]

Yohimbine’s effects include boosting the brain’s output of norepinephrine, to improve wakefulness, energy, focus, and learning capacity.[13] Norepinephrine is often referred to as the ‘learning transmitter’ and it is vital for signal transduction (carrying electrochemical signals between synapses in the brain). It is also a stress hormone, which is why it boosts your energy levels so much!

YOHIMBINE MUST BE USED CAREFULLY! Mild neurotoxic effects can occur at just 30 mg or more. The recommended serving size is just 4 – 8 mg, taken once or twice per day. Anything greater than 30 mg may be detrimental to your health. Side effects of large servings can include overstimulation, hypertension (high blood pressure), racing heart, twitching, disorientation, headaches, dry mouth, and dizziness. Excessively large servings can result in loss of consciousness, coma, and death.[14]

Having said that, most people are able to use Yohimbine without encountering these adverse effects. The most important thing is to not exceed the recommended serving size of 4 – 8 mg, taken once to twice per day. For your first time, use a smaller serving of 2 mg to assess how you respond. Do not use this supplement in the afternoon or evening as it may interfere with your sleep. People with anxiety should not take this supplement.

DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SIZE.

Yohimbine review:

Positive:

Energy Boost★★★★★Mood Enhancement★★★☆☆Mental Focus & Clarity★★★★☆

Negative:

Side Effects★★★☆☆Potential Danger★★★☆☆

5. Rhodiola Rosea

Rhodiola Rosea (also known as the arctic root, golden root, rose root, king’s crown) is a perennial flowering plant that grows in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. It’s a very interesting plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine, in both Chinese and Scandinavian traditions, where it has been used for centuries as a means to support a healthy body and to reduce fatigue. [4]

Rhodiola supplements have three main benefits:

Prevent physical fatigue

Reduce feelings of stress

Boosts cognitive performance [15]

Rhodiola is known for its powerful ‘adaptogen’ effects. Adaptogens are substances that help your body to cope better to stress and environmental changes. Along with the benefits listed above, it has great anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects which help to support a healthy immune system. All adaptogens tend to have the characteristics of reducing mental and physical fatigue and a mild to moderate energizing effect.

The recommended serving size for this supplement is around 300 – 680 mg, per day, taken in 1 or 2 separate servings. Rhodiola rosea extract supplements show a bell-curve response to dosage. This means that servings greater than 680 mg may not be as effective as smaller servings. Therefore, we do not recommend exceeding the serving suggestion.

If you have any underlying medical conditions, it is recommended that you first consult with a doctor before using this supplement. Rhodiola affects chemicals your body in a way that could have adverse effects for people who suffer from low blood pressure, autoimmune disorders, or diabetes. If you have any medical conditions, speak to your doctor before using this supplement. Side effects are generally mild and rare but may include dizziness and headaches at large serving sizes.

Rhodiola Rosea review:

Positive:

Energy Boost★★★★☆Mood Enhancement★★★★☆Mental Focus & Clarity★★★☆☆

Negative:

Side Effects★☆☆☆☆Potential Danger☆☆☆☆☆

6. Agmatine Sulfate

Agmatine sulfate is a newly-understood neurotransmitter produced from the amino acid, L-Arginine. It is synthesized in the brain and stored in synaptic vessels, for use in receptor signalling pathways. Studies indicate that this supplement has a wide range of potential benefits, including use in stress-reduction, promoting a healthy mood, support for cognitive performance, learning, and memory, and for supporting a healthy brain and circulatory system.[16] Agmatine sulfate works by enhancing and regulating a variety of biochemical pathways in the body. It is best known for its regulatory effects on nitric oxide production but actually works through a number of secondary mechanisms too.[17] Many bodybuilders and athletes use Agmatine as a pre-workout, and it is highly recommended for students and working professionals as a brain-booster.

Studies have shown that Agmatine also has a synergistic relationship with many types of painkillers, helping to improve their efficacy. The recommended serving size for Agmatine is 600 – 1200 mg, taken once to twice per day. Agmatine sulfate is usually sold in a powder form. Use a micro-scoop to measure the correct serving size.

The adverse effects of large servings of Agmatine sulfate have not yet been studied extensively in humans. However, most users do not report side effects when taken at the recommended serving size. In one study, the effects of long-term (5 + years) use were examined. Large amounts of around 2.7 grams were taken in six separate servings, throughout the day. No adverse effects were recorded. [18]

Agmatine Review:

Positive:

Energy Boost★★★★☆Mood Enhancement★★★☆☆Mental Focus & Clarity★★★★☆

Negative:

Side Effects☆☆☆☆☆Potential Danger★☆☆☆☆

Conclusion: Top Supplements for Energy and Focus (2019)

Time to power through 2019! With this list of the top natural supplements for energy and focus, you won’t need to spend another day feeling drained or struggling to focus. Boost your energy levels and cognitive performance and achieve your full potential with a healthy diet, lifestyle changes, and these top energizing supplements!

To recap, here are our Top 6 supplements for energy and focus, this year:

LiftMode’s Energy Stack★★★★★Caffeine + L-Theanine Capsules★★★★1/2Magnesium L-Threonate★★★★1/2Yohimbine HCl★★★★Rhodiola Rosea★★★★Agmatine Sulphate★★★

Medical Disclaimer

References:

[1] Irsfeld, M., Spadafore, M., & Prüß, B. M. (2013). β-phenylethylamine, a small molecule with a large impact. WebmedCentral, 4(9), 4409.

[2] Hapke HJ, Strathmann W. (1995). [Pharmacological effects of hordenine]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 102(6):228-32

[3] Sorice A, Guerriero E, Capone F, Colonna G, Castello G, Costantini S. (2014). Ascorbic acid: its role in immune system and chronic inflammation diseases. Mini Rev Med Chem, 14(5):444-52.

[4] Ishaque, S., Shamseer, L., Bukutu, C., & Vohra, S. (2012). Rhodiola rosea for physical and mental fatigue: a systematic review. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 12, 70.

[5] Nawrot, P., Jordan, S., Eastwood, J., Rotstein, J., Hugenholtz, A., Feeley, M. (2003). Effects of caffeine on human health. Food Addit Contam. 2003 Jan;20(1):1-30.

[6] Srinivasan, K. (2007). Black pepper and its pungent principle-piperine: a review of diverse physiological effects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 47(8):735-48.

[7] Ostojic, S.M. (2006). Yohimbine: the effects on body composition and exercise performance in soccer players. Res Sports Med, 14(4):289-99.

[8] Kahathuduwa CN, Dassanayake TL, Amarakoon AMT, Weerasinghe VS. (2017). Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attention. Nutr Neurosci, 20(6):369-377.

[9] Wang, J., Liu, Y., Zhou, L.J., Wu, Y., Li, F., Shen, K.F., Pang, R.P., Wei, X.H., Li, Y.Y., Liu, X.G. (2013). Magnesium L-threonate prevents and restores memory deficits associated with neuropathic pain by inhibition of TNF-α. Pain Physician, 16(5):E563-75.

[10] DiNicolantonio, J.J., O'Keefe, J.H., & Wilson, W. (2018). Subclinical magnesium deficiency: a principal driver of cardiovascular disease and a public health crisis. Open heart, 5(1), e000668.

[11] Zhang, Y., Xun, P., Wang, R., Mao, L., & He, K. (2017). Can Magnesium Enhance Exercise Performance? Nutrients, 9(9), 946.

[12] Tam, S.W., Worcel, M., Wyllie, M. (2001). Yohimbine: a clinical review. Pharmacol Ther, 91(3):215-43. Review.

[13] Swann, A.C., Lijffijt, M., Lane, S.D., Cox, B., Steinberg, J.L., & Moeller, F.G. (2013). Norepinephrine and impulsivity: effects of acute yohimbine. Psychopharmacology, 229(1), 83-94.

[14] Giampreti, A., Lonati, D., Locatelli, C., Rocchi, L., Campailla, M.T. (2009). Acute neurotoxicity after yohimbine ingestion by a body builder. Clin Toxicol (Phila), 47(8):827-9.

[15] Anghelescu, I.G., Edwards, D., Seifritz, E., Kasper, S. (2018). Stress management and the role of Rhodiola Rosea: a review. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract, 11:1-11.

[16] Halaris, A., Plietz, J. (2007). Agmatine: metabolic pathway and spectrum of activity in brain. CNS Drugs, 21(11):885-900. Review.

[17] Reis, D.J., Regunathan, S. (1998). Agmatine: a novel neurotransmitter? Adv Pharmacol, 42:645-9.

[18] Gilad, G.M., Gilad, V.H. (2014). Long-term (5 years), high daily dosage of dietary agmatine--evidence of safety: a case report. J Med Food, 17(11):1256-9.

The post Top 6 Supplements for Energy and Focus in 2019 appeared first on LiftMode Blog. Top 6 Supplements for Energy and Focus in 2019 published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

Text

Yohimbine Safety – What does the science say?

Yohimbine is an energizing and metabolism-boosting supplement derived from the Yohimbe tree. It increases levels of adrenaline in the body and inhibits an enzyme in cells that normally suppresses fat burning. It is often used as an aphrodisiac because of its effects on vitality. It is also sometimes used as a wakefulness-promoting supplement.[1]

Clinical studies have found that Yohimbine is effective as an aphrodisiac and energizing supplement that is generally well-tolerated. [2] [3] The serving size used in studies is generally around 5 mg, taken once to four times daily. At this amount, the benefits of Yohimbine generally outweigh the mild side effects experienced by some participants.[4]

However, when taken at larger servings, Yohimbine presents a number of concerning side effects. Not only this, but it has been found to interact with numerous medications and to aggravate a number of medical conditions. As a result, it is important that anybody using Yohimbine be aware of the potential adverse effects associated with it.

What are Yohimbine side effects?

When used at the recommended serving size, it is unusual to experience adverse effects. However, some people may experience one or more of the following, even when taken at the recommended serving size. Increasing the serving size increases the chances of experiencing these side effects:

Upset stomach

Excitation, tremor

Sleep problems

Anxiety or agitation

High blood pressure

Racing heartbeat

Dizziness

Drooling

Sinus pain

Irritability

Headaches

Frequent urination

Bloating

Rash

Nausea, and vomiting.[5]

Using excessively large amounts of Yohimbine (HCL) can put you at risk for more severe side effects such as:

Irregular or rapid heartbeat

Kidney failure

Seizure

Difficulty breathing

Paralysis

Hypertensive crisis

Very low blood pressure

Heart problems [1]

As with all supplements, there is also a rare chance of experiencing an allergic reaction. According to WebMD, one person reported an allergic reaction involving:

Fever

Chills

Listlessness

Itchy, scaly skin

Progressive kidney failure

Auto-immune effects.

In 2010, a retrospective review examined all cases of serious side effects that were reported to the California Poison Control System (CPCS) between 2000 and 2006. A total of 238 cases were identified. Of these, around half required only medical monitoring. Around 10% of cases required de-contamination therapy with charcoal and benzodiazepines. Less than 4% of cases required antihypertensive medication, and 2% required supportive care in a hospital.[6]

According to this review, the most common side effects reported to the CPCS included:

Gastrointestinal distress

Increased heart rate

Anxiety

Hypertension (high blood pressure).

If there are so many side effects, why do people use Yohimbine?

It’s important to remember that many people are able to use Yohimbine without experiencing any negative effects. The most important factor is to not exceed the recommended serving size and to always use the lowest possible serving that allows you to feel the desired effects.

It is also important to consider Yohimbine’s interactions with other substances, which we’ll get to below.

In 2001, researchers published a study on the efficacy and toxicology of Yohimbine. In the article, the researchers reviewed the results of 26 clinical studies on human participants with either normal blood pressure or high blood pressure. Overall, servings ranging from 5 mg – 20 mg tended to have little to no effects on heart rate or blood pressure, with few mild adverse effects being reported, if any at all. In some studies, participants’ blood pressure was increased mildly with no effect on heart rate.[7]

The same review also considered a further 11 studies on male participants. Adverse effects included increased blood pressure, gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, difficulty sleeping, frequent urination, and increased anxiety, in some participants. However, Yohimbine was generally well-tolerated and effective in its measured outcomes. [2]

Overall, the consensus is that Yohimbine, when used at the correct serving size, confers more benefits than side effects. It is good for promoting sexual vitality and wakefulness, and many people around the world are able to use it to their overall benefit. Again, the most important factor determining the risk of negative effects is the serving size. Using the correct serving size reduces the chances of side effects.

Quality concerns about Yohimbine safety

There are two complicating factors when reviewing Yohimbine for safety.

First, the quantity of Yohimbine in any given supplement is not always as listed on the supplement facts panel.

In 2016, researchers working with Examine.com and the US Food and Drug Administration conducted a study on 49 different brands of dietary supplements listing Yohimbine as an ingredient. They also tested the supplements for Corynanthine and Rauwolscine – two derivatives of Yohimbine that sometimes occur alongside the compound, especially in natural extracts.

The results were concerning. They found that the actual amount of Yohimbine in the supplements varied dramatically. Furthermore, 78% of the brands did not list the amount of Yohimbine in their supplement blend. Those that were labelled often showed inaccurate amounts (actual content ranged from 23% to 147% of the labelled content).[8] Second, supplement brands often sell Yohimbine as a ‘stack’ – often in combination with other energizing or stimulating supplements. As we discuss below, Yohimbine has numerous interactions with other substances, and ‘stacking’ this supplement can be dangerous to your health if it is not done properly.

As an example, medical professionals from Derby, Connecticut, reported two cases of acute liver toxicity in patients who were using a popular weight-loss supplement stack that contained Yohimbine. The supplement stack contained a number of other energizing substances that can affect liver health. So, it is not possible to say whether these effects were from Yohimbine or any of the other ingredients, or a combination of all of them.[9]

Check Out Our Range of Yohimbine HCl

Can you overdose on Yohimbine?

Absolutely. Even though Yohimbine is of natural origins and is classified as a dietary supplement, it is nevertheless extremely powerful and needs to be used responsibly.

Two cases of fatal overdose from Yohimbine products were reported in the Journal of Analytical Toxicology, in 2013. According to the article, neurotoxic effects have been reported from as little as 200 mg (the recommended serving size is around 8 – 16 mg).

At 1.8 grams, a person experienced unconsciousness. At servings of 3 and 5 grams, two people experienced seizures and hypertension, with the larger serving inducing unconsciousness. The 5-gram serving previously reported resulted in blood concentrations of 5,240 ng Yohimbine / mL. A 37-year-old man was found dead with similar blood concentrations, indicating that 5 grams Yohimbine (and possibly much less) has the potential to cause a fatal overdose in humans.[10]

What are the concerns about Yohimbine interactions?

Yohimbine interacts with many different substances and medications. Of special importance are the following interactions, which may increase the effects of Yohimbine and potentially lower the amount needed to experience negative effects.

Antidepressants: Especially monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), which increase the number of catecholamines in the brain. Taking Yohimbine with this type of medication may increase the risk of hypertensive crisis.

Blood pressure medication: Medication like Clonidine is used to lower blood pressure for people with hypertension. Taking Yohimbine may reduce the effectiveness of this medication.

Stimulants (including caffeine): Stimulants increase signalling through the nervous system. These effects make you feel energized and more awake. Yohimbine is a powerful energizing supplement and combining it with these types of substances can over-stimulate the nervous system, leaving you jittery, anxious, and at a greater risk of hypertension.

IMPORTANT: Yohimbine’s interactions are not limited to those discussed above. DO NOT USE YOHIMBINE IF YOU ARE TAKING ANY MEDICATION. [11]

Warning for people with existing medical problems

If you have any existing medical issues, it is very important that you speak to your doctor before using Yohimbine or supplements that contain Yohimbine. Depending on your medical condition, Yohimbine may be dangerous to your health.

Yohimbine may aggravate the following conditions:

Bleeding disorders

Liver disease

Anxiety disorders

Schizophrenia

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Heart disease

Depression

Diabetes

Prostate problems

Pregnant and breastfeeding women: There is not enough data to evaluate the safety of Yohimbine for your unborn child or baby.

Surgery: Yohimbine may affect the way that your blood clots, and may interact with the drugs used to keep you under anaesthetic. Do not use Yohimbine for at least 2 weeks prior to surgery. [5]

Anxiety: People with anxiety are advised to avoid Yohimbine as it may trigger extreme anxiety and panic attacks.[12]

Overview of Yohimbine Safety – Is Yohimbine safe?

Although this article may seem to shed a negative light on Yohimbine’s safety, the general consensus is that the benefits outweigh the potential negative effects, when used correctly. Around the world, many people are able to use this supplement within the correct serving range, to their benefit – see the discussion boards on Reddit.com.[13]

However, Yohimbine is unlike other dietary supplements in terms of how potent it is. This supplement really stresses the need to be responsible and to do some background research prior to using it. Overusing Yohimbine can be seriously harmful to your health and, in extreme cases, may result in loss of consciousness, seizures, and death.

Always stick to the recommended serving suggestion, and always use the lowest amount necessary to feel the desired effects. (The recommended serving size is one to two servings of 4 mg, taken once to twice daily). However, many people are able to experience benefits at much lower serving sizes. We recommend starting with 2 mg to assess how your body responds.

While information on Yohimbine’s potential side effects is readily available on the internet, it is possible that many people may not think to go out and research the supplement before using it – which is why we’ve published this article!

If you know anybody who is thinking about taking Yohimbine, please share this article with them! The more people are informed, the less likely it is that they will experience negative effects.

DO NOT USE YOHIMBINE IF YOU ARE TAKING ANY MEDICATION.

DO NOT TAKE YOHIMBINE IF YOU HAVE ANY UNDERLYING MEDICAL CONDITIONS.

References:

[1] Patel, K. (2018). Yohimbine. Examine.com [online] Available at https://examine.com/supplements/yohimbine/ [2] Ostojic, S. (2006). Yohimbine: the effects on body composition and exercise performance in soccer players. Res Sports Med, 14(4):289-99.

[3] Ernst, E., Pittler, M.H. (1998). Yohimbine for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Urol, 159(2):433-6.

[4] Vogt, H.J., Brandl, P., Kockott, G., Schmitz, J.R., Wiegand, M.H., Schadrack, J., Gierend, M. (1997). Double-blind, placebo-controlled safety and efficacy trial with yohimbine hydrochloride in the treatment of nonorganic erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res, 9(3):155-61.

[5] Yohimbe. (2018). WebMD.com [online] Available at: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-759/yohimbe [6] Kearney, T., Tu, N., Haller, C. (2010). Adverse Drug Events Associated with Yohimbine-Containing Products: A Retrospective Review of the California Poison Control System Reported Cases. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 44(6), 1022–1029.

[7] Tam, S. W., Worcel, M., Wyllie, M. (2001). Yohimbine: a clinical review. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 91(3), 215–243.

[8] Cohen, P. A., Wang, Y.-H., Maller, G., DeSouza, R., Khan, I. A. (2015). Pharmaceutical quantities of yohimbine found in dietary supplements in the USA. Drug Testing and Analysis, 8(3-4), 357–369.

[9] Dara, L., Hewett, J., Lim, J. K. (2008). Hydroxycut hepatotoxicity: a case series and review of liver toxicity from herbal weight loss supplements. World journal of gastroenterology, 14(45), 6999-7004.

[10] Anderson, C., Anderson, D., Harre, N., & Wade, N. (2013). Case Study: Two Fatal Case Reports of Acute Yohimbine Intoxication. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 37(8), 611–614.

[11] Horn, J.R., Hansten, P.D. (2012). Yohimbine: Old Drug with New Interactions. Pharmacytimes.com [online] Available at: https://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2012/july2012/yohimbine-old-drug-with-new-interactions [12] Charney, D.S., Heninger, G.R., Breier, A. (1984). Noradrenergic function in panic anxiety. Effects of yohimbine in healthy subjects and patients with agoraphobia and panic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 41(8):751-63.

[13] Yohimbine - Very underrated nootropic or am I missing something? (2018). Reddit.com [online] Available at: https://www.reddit.com/r/Nootropics/comments/8m1f27/yohimbine_very_underrated_nootropic_or_am_i/

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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Taking Agmatine with Kratom - The Top Agmatine Stacks

Around the world, people are searching online for Agmatine stacks and how to use this powerful neurotransmitter supplement together with Kratom. In this article, we look into how to use Agmatine to help with Kratom tolerance, as well as some of the other top Agmatine stacks.

Agmatine itself is often used in pre-workout stacks to boost energy levels and physical performance. It is also effective at reducing stress, supporting a healthy mood, and has neuroprotective and cardioprotective benefits too. It’s one of our favourite health-promoting supplements and may also help to support healthy cognition and memory.

What is Kratom?

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical plant that is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea. It has been used in traditional medicine in Southeast Asia for centuries.[1]

At low serving sizes, Kratom is said to have energizing and alertness-enhancing effects, while larger servings are used for calming, relaxation, and pain relief.

Although Kratom is beneficial to most people who use it, it can cause problems if it is misused. When taken in excess, Kratom stimulates receptors in the brain called opioid receptors. These receptors are also the targets for certain pain-relief medications as well as a number of illicit substances.[2]

As with all compounds that stimulate opioid receptors, too much Kratom can cause respiratory depression (slow, shallow breathing). When combined with alcohol or other sedatives, this can be very dangerous to your health. A number of deaths have been linked to Kratom, but almost always when combined with alcohol or opioid medication.[3]

Daily use of Kratom can cause tolerance to build fairly quickly. This means that a larger serving is required to experience the same effects as before. Naturally, this comes with a greater risk of adverse effects. Furthermore, once tolerance has developed, if you stop using Kratom right away, you may be in for a nasty, and dangerous surprise – known as Kratom withdrawal.[4]

Why Take Agmatine with Kratom?

Although there is not yet any research published on the combination of Agmatine and Kratom, animal studies and anecdotal reports from the internet indicate a positive relationship.

In one study, researchers examined the effects of Kratom on dependence and tolerance to morphine, in mice. The results showed that Agmatine not only blocked the development of tolerance but also increased the pain-relief effects by a factor of 3.[5]

Clearly, this is a very interesting relationship that might even extend to other pain-relief substances (including Kratom). However, more research is needed to properly understand these effects and how they might work in humans.

In one online forum, a Kratom user posted his experience combining with Agmatine:

“…1.5g now achieves the same effect as 3g for me and is perhaps still too much. All I did was add agmatine. It’s got a long half-life of what I think might be 10 hours where it exerts its actual effect on NMDA receptors...”[6]

On another forum, a user posted a similar experience:

“Twice today I tried 500 mg of agmatine sulfate 30 min before burning kratom… With the NGSMD it made it more uplifting with slightly more enjoyment. This evening with the RHB I am feeling quite content and have a feeling of well-being… Agmatine is supposed to reduce tolerance and I think it just may.”[7]

There appears to be at least a moderate positive relationship between the two, with Agmatine improving the effects of Kratom, reducing the required amount to feel desirable effects, and thereby decreasing the risk of developing tolerance.

Check Out Our Range of Agmatine Sulfate

Other Agmatine Supplement Stacks:

Apart from Agmatine with Kratom, people also search for other supplement stacks to synergize this great substance. We’ve listed a few of our favourites below:

1. Agmatine with Creatine

Creatine is one of the best-researched supplements in the world. It is known to help with energy levels and to boost physical performance during exercise.[8]

Creatine is a high-energy compound produced in the human body as phosphocreatine. This compound releases energy in cells to protect against stress. Creatine has additional protective effects on the brain, heart, liver, and bones. It may help to improve muscle gain for bodybuilders, and helps muscles to retain water.[9]

The combination of Agmatine and creatine is great for anyone looking for a high-performance pre-workout supplement stack. Both these supplements are known for their energy-boosting effects and their ability to support healthy exercise performance and cognition.

However, there is one thing to remember – creatine and Agmatine have opposite effects on NMDA receptors in the brain (see: How Agmatine Works). According to the supplement’s information page, Examine.com, these two supplements shouldn’t be taken at the same time if it’s the cognitive effects that you’re after.

However, taking them together is still effective for muscle building and athletic performance. You could also split the servings – i.e. Agmatine in the morning, creatine in the evening.

Agmatine SulfateCreatine Phosphate+ Supports physical energy levels+ Improves physical energy levels and exercise performance+ Helps to reduce sensations of pain+ Supports muscle gain+ Promotes a healthy mood+ Reduces fatigue

2. Agmatine with Caffeine

Caffeine is arguably the most important energizing substance known to man, simply because of its prevalence around the world. An estimated 80% of Americans start their day with a cup of coffee.

By the way – have you heard about combining Caffeine with L-Theanine? Check out our blog post on this great supplement stack here: Caffeine with Theanine.

In one animal study, researchers examined the effects of combining Agmatine with caffeine. They found that Agmatine blocked some of the locomotor-stimulant like effects of caffeine, in male mice (but not in female mice).[10]

This combination hasn’t been studied in humans, but there is some anecdotal evidence that Agmatine may increase the energizing effects of Caffeine.[11] It’s a supplement stack that’s definitely worth trying. In terms of biochemical effects, both Agmatine[12] and caffeine[13] work as antagonists of NMDA receptors, which strengthens the argument for a synergistic relationship.

Agmatine SulfateCaffeine+ Supports healthy cognition+ Improves energy levels and wakefulness+ Helps to support healthy blood pressure+ Boosts mood+ Reduces feelings of stress- Can cause mild anxiety

3. Agmatine with L-Citrulline / L-Arginine

In the human body, Agmatine is synthesized from L-Arginine, an amino acid which, itself, is synthesized from L-Citrulline. These amino acids are typically included in protein shakes, often used by athletes or bodybuilders.

L-Arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid. It is important for maintaining healthy blood flow by directly stimulating nitric oxide production in the body. It is sometimes used as a dietary supplement to support exercise performance but unfortunately does not have very good absorption into the bloodstream.[14]

L-Citrulline is an amino acid sometimes used as a sports performance and cardiovascular health supplement. Studies have shown that Citrulline reduces fatigue and improves exercise performance, and may boost physical power output. It has better absorption and efficacy than L-Arginine supplements.[15]

According to Examine.com, Agmatine does not go well with either L-Citrulline or with L-Arginine. The reason is that L-Citrulline and L-Arginine compete with Agmatine at some brain receptor sites, and can diminish its beneficial effects.[16]

As a result, it is actually better to not take Agmatine supplements with protein-rich foods (and especially not a protein shake) because these often contain L-Arginine or Citrulline.

However, if you were to take Agmatine as a pre-workout, and waited at least 1 hour before using an amino acid supplement, it would be unlikely for these interactions to occur.

Agmatine SulfateL-ArginineL-CitrullineSynthesized from L-ArginineSynthesized from L-CitrullineEssential amino acid+ Reduces sensations of pain+ Supports a healthy circulatory system+ Reduces fatigue+ Reduces feelings of stress+ Mildly improves blood flow+ Reduces muscle soreness+ Energizing effects- Ineffective uptake into blood stream+ Boosts nitric oxide production

How to Take Agmatine Sulfate

Agmatine is a white to off-white powder with a bitter taste and a sulfur-like smell. It is soluble in water and is best taken orally in a liquid beverage of your choice. Use a micro-scoop to measure the correct serving size. Alternatively, you can use the ‘toss and wash’ method.

Agmatine’s recommended serving size is between 600 – 1200 mg, taken once or twice daily. It is not recommended to exceed a daily serving size of 2400 mg (2.4 grams).

It is best taken in the morning, or around 15 – 30 minutes before exercising. It can be used as pre-workout or added to a pre-workout mix. It has good absorption and the effects are usually felt within 15 – 30 minutes.

If you’re taking Agmatine with other supplements, it is recommended to use a smaller serving size, as it may potentiate (increase) the effects of a number of other substances. This is especially true for Kratom and other relaxing or stress-relief supplements.

DO NOT TAKE AGMATINE ALONGSIDE ANY MEDICATION. It has not been studied fully in humans and may cause dangerous interactions.

Check Out Our Range of Agmatine Sulfate

Medical Disclaimer

Not intended to treat, diagnose, or cure any disease or ailment. Use with CAUTION.

References:

[1] Fluyau, D., & Revadigar, N. (2017). Biochemical Benefits, Diagnosis, and Clinical Risks Evaluation of Kratom. Frontiers in psychiatry, 8, 62.

[2] White, C.M. (2017). Pharmacologic and clinical assessment of kratom. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2018 Mar 1;75(5):261-267. Review.

[3] US Food and Drug Administration. (2018). Statement from FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, M.D., on the agency’s scientific evidence on the presence of opioid compounds in kratom, underscoring its potential for abuse. Fga.gov [online] Available at: https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm595622.htm [4] Singh, D., Müller, C.P., Vicknasingam, B.K. (2014). Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) dependence, withdrawal symptoms and craving in regular users. Drug Alcohol Depend, 1;139:132-7.

[5] Li, J., Li, X., Pei, G., Qin, B.Y. (1999). Effects of agmatine on tolerance to and substance dependence on morphine in mice. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao.

[6] Agmatine sulfate is amazing for tolerance. (2017). Reddit.com [online]. Available at: https://www.reddit.com/r/kratom/comments/7lck4q/agmatine_sulfate_is_amazing_for_tolerance/ [7] Agmatine Sulfate. (2015). Ilovekratom.org [online]. Available at: http://www.ilovekratom.com/kratom-forum/kratom-discussion/2748-agmatine-sulfate

[8] Kamel, P. (2018). Creatine. Examine.com [online] Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/creatine/ [9] Bemben, M.G., Lamont, H.S. (2005). Creatine supplementation and exercise performance: recent findings. Sports Med, 35(2):107-25.

[10] Uzbay, T., Kose, A., Kayir, H., Ulusoy, G., Celik, T. (2010). Sex-related effects of agmatine on caffeine-induced locomotor activity in Swiss Webster mice. Eur J Pharmacol, 25;630(1-3):69-73.

[11] Is agmatine good with caffeine? (2016). Reddit.com [online] Available at: https://www.reddit.com/r/Nootropics/comments/595u8z/is_agmatine_good_with_caffeine/ [12] Yang, X.C., Reis, D.J. (1999). Agmatine selectively blocks the N-methyl-D-aspartate subclass of glutamate receptor channels in rat hippocampal neurons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 288(2):544-9.

[13] Diler, A.S., Ziylan, Z.Y., Üzüm, G. (2013). N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptors Are Involved in Caffeine-Induced Facilitation on Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance Learning in Rats. Journal of Caffeine Research, 3:4, 169-174

[14] Kamel, P. (2018). Arginine. Examine.com [online] Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/arginine/ [15] Kamel, P. (2018). Citrulline. Examine.com [online] Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/citrulline/

[16] Kamel, P. (2018). Agmatine. Examine.com [online] Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/agmatine/

The post Taking Agmatine with Kratom - The Top Agmatine Stacks appeared first on LiftMode Blog. Taking Agmatine with Kratom - The Top Agmatine Stacks published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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What is Agmatine Sulfate and What Does it Do?

Agmatine is amazing! But what is it, really!?

This fascinating neurotransmitter has been used in research for pain-relief, cognitive enhancement, and anti-inflammation studies and is prized by many bodybuilders for its pre-workout abilities.[1] It was first discovered by a German scientist called Albrecht Kossel, in 1910 – but it took over 100 years for researchers to figure out what it actually does! [2]

In the human body, Agmatine is made from the amino acid, L-arginine. It is also a product of bacterial metabolism so it can be found in a number of fermented foods, including wine, beer, sake, tofu, and soy sauce.[3] Although it is found in the brain, the comound is actually produced mostly by gut bacteria.[4]

Agmatine is a neurotransmitter, which means that it helps signals to pass between nerve cells in the central nervous system.[5] Other well-known neurotransmitters include acetylcholine, serotonin, and GABA. As a neuromodulator, Agmatine interacts with many different neurotransmitter systems in the brain.[6]

In the United States, this compound is not regulated by the FDA and is available as a dietary supplement. The neurotransmitter itself is a little unstable, which is why Agamatine is sold in the sulfate form. This helps to allow for easier storage and a longer shelf-life and may help to improve its efficiency.

How Agmatine Works

Agmatine works in a number of ways to produce its effects and benefits (see our article on Top Agmatine Benefits). It acts as a neuromodulator, neuroprotector, and cytoprotector to defend the body against stress and toxins.1

You might already know that Agmatine regulates nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. The neuromodulator regulates the set of nitric oxide synthase enzymes (iNOS, eNOS, and nNOS) to reduce their production of NO in various parts of the body.[7] Although nitric oxide has many benefits in the body, too much of it can be a bad thing (as with everything!). According to a recent literature review:

“The increased formation of NO was found to have neurotoxic effects and can contribute to the pathogenesis of stroke and other neurodegenerative disorders.”[8]

Too much nitric oxide is bad for both acute and chronic inflammation in the body, and Agmatine may help to reduce these effects by regulating its production.

Other important ways that this supplement works:

☞ Binds to NMDA receptors and prevents glutamate from binding at these receptors. This protects cells and prevents cell death from glutamate toxicity.[9]

☞ Binds strongly to α-2-adrenergic receptors and improves their activity.[10] These receptors are targeted by many different neurotransmitters and man-made compounds. Activating them helps to reduce blood pressure, and also stimulates nitric oxide synthesis.[11]

☞ Blocks the actions of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.[12] Other compounds with similar effects are used as muscle relaxants and to reduce and control blood pressure.[13]

☞ Binds to, and activates imidazoline receptors with good efficacy.[14] Activating these receptors causes the body to release β-endorphins (natural ‘feel-good’ compounds that help to reduce pain and stress).[15]

☞ Activates AMPA receptors in mTOR (rapamycin) biochemical pathway. The mTOR protein regulates cell growth and is used in protein synthesis, and activating this pathway is known to improve mood.[16]

☞ Activates the Nrf2 pathway.[17] This biochemical system is a powerful producer of antioxidant proteins in the body and helps to protect cells against the negative effects of stress, toxins, and inflammation.[18]

Check Out Our Range of Agmatine Sulfate

Agmatine as a Pre-Workout and Cognitive Enhancer

Athletes and bodybuilders often wonder about using this supplement as a pre-workout to improve energy and performance. It is an ingredient in many pre-workouts, so it seems pretty logical to ask about using Agmatine alone.

Agmatine has regulatory effects on nitric oxide – it can both decrease its production (at low serving sizes), and stimulate its synthesis (at larger servings).[19] While many pre-workouts are used because of their pro-NO effects, Agmatine sulfate is not necessarily the best option to boost nitric oxide levels. That doesn’t mean that it can’t be used as a pre-workout!

Recent studies show that blood glucose levels tend to decrease after taking Agmatine. Its interactions with imidazoline receptors mean that the supplement allows for extra glucose to be deposited into skeletal muscle cells – boosting energy levels.14 This accounts for the reduction in blood glucose – what was circulating in the blood has been deposited into muscle cells.

Furthermore, its effects at α-2-adrenergic receptors and on NMDA receptors means that it is able to produce a noticeable improvement in energy levels. These benefits are also great for anyone looking to improve mental focus and alertness. Recent studies have found that it accumulates in areas of the brain that are associated with learning and memory – indicating that it has a role to play in these functions.[20]

Overall – a moderate pre-workout and effective cognitive booster!

Agmatine Sulfate for Mood and Stress

Recently, studies have shown that this supplement may be effective at reducing stress and improving mood, through its numerous effects on neurotransmitter systems and other biochemical systems in the body.

These benefits are especially related to its effects on releasing endorphins – natural ‘feel-good’ hormones that help to reduce stress and improve mood. A number of studies have pointed to the efficacy of these effects.

In one study, the long-term effects (4 - 5 years) of daily large servings was researched. The authors note that it can sometimes be used for pain relief, especially relating to the nervous system. They also note that it is effective for mood, stress, and cognition. The researchers found that no adverse effects were reported in over 1015 people who partook in the study.[21]

Overall – Good increase in mood and supports stress-reduction!

How to Take Agmatine?

Agmatine has been studied at large servings, for long periods of time and there were no adverse effects reported. However, it is still not recommended to exceed the serving size suggestion for this supplement.

The recommended serving size for Agmatine is 600 – 1200 mg, taken once to twice per day. Agmatine Sulfate is usually sold in a powder form. Use a micro-scoop to measure the correct serving size.

This supplement has a high solubility in water so it can easily be dissolved. It can be taken with a glass water, juice, or simply washed down the throat. You could also add the supplement to a healthy smoothie to kick-start your day!

Side Effects and Warnings

Apart from the study we mentioned above, where over 1050 participants took part, over the course of 4-5 years, not much other research has been done on this supplement's side effects. This is a pretty large study, though, and the fact that no adverse effects were reported is significant.

In another study, over 51 days, researchers tested the effects of different serving sizes – 1.4 grams, 2.7 grams, and 3.6 grams, taken daily in three divided servings. At the largest serving size, some participants reported stomach cramps, which faded after a few days.[22]

Summary: Most studies show no side effects when used at the correct serving size.

Summary – What is Agmatine Sulfate?

★ A naturally-occurring neurotransmitter produced in the human body from L-arginine. It is also synthesized by bacteria and is found in a few fermented food types.

★ The sulfate form allows better absorption and storage stability.

★ This neurotransmitter interacts with many different biochemical systems in the brain and body.

★ It produces mood improvements, helps support healthy cognitive performance, and can be used to increase energy levels.

★ It is also effective at protecting the body against stress and toxins, through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

★ Researchers have studied this supplement for use in pain relief.

★ The recommended serving size is 600 – 1200 mg, taken once to twice per day.

★ Most studies show that no side effects are reported when used at the correct serving size.

Check Out Our Range of Agmatine Sulfate

References:

[1] Kamel, P. (2018). “Agmatine”. Examine.com [online] Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/agmatine/

[2] Kossel, A. (1910). "Über das Agmatin". Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie (in German). 66: 257–261.

[3] Galgano, F., Caruso, M., Condelli, N., & Favati, F. (2012). Focused review: agmatine in fermented foods. Frontiers in microbiology, 3, 199. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00199

[4] 1: Raasch W, Regunathan S, Li G, Reis DJ. (1995). Agmatine, the bacterial amine, is widely distributed in mammalian tissues. Life Sci, 56(26):2319-30.

[5] Reis, D.J., Regunathan, S. (2000). Is agmatine a novel neurotransmitter in brain? Trends Pharmacol Sci, 21(5):187-93. Review.

[6] Reis D.J., Regunathan, S. (1998). Agmatine: a novel neurotransmitter? Adv Pharmacol, 42:645-9.

[7] Auguet, M., Viossat, I., Marin, J.G., Chabrier, P.E. (1995). Selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase by agmatine. Jpn J Pharmacol, 69(3):285-7.

[8] Víteček, J., Lojek, A., Valacchi, G., Kubala, L. (2012). Arginine-Based Inhibitors of Nitric Oxide Synthase: Therapeutic Potential and Challenges. Mediators of Inflammation, 2012:318087.

[9] Kim, H.S., Park, I.S., Lim, H.K., Choi, H.S. (1999). NMDA receptor antagonists enhance 5-HT2 receptor-mediated behaviour, head-twitch response, in PCPA-treated mice. Arch Pharm Res, 22(2):113-8.

[10] Molderings, G.J., Menzel, S., Kathmann, M., Schlicker, E., Göthert, M. (2000). Dual interaction of agmatine with the rat alpha(2D)-adrenoceptor: competitive antagonism and allosteric activation. Br J Pharmacol, (7):1706-12.

[11] Giovannitti, J. A., Thoms, S. M., & Crawford, J. J. (2015). Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists: a review of current clinical applications. Anaesthesia progress, 62(1), 31-9.

[12] Loring, R.H. (1990). Agmatine acts as an antagonist of neuronal nicotinic receptors. Br J Pharmacol, 99(1):207-11.

[13] Nicotinic Antagonists. (2018). Drugbank.ca. [online] Available at: https://www.drugbank.ca/categories/DBCAT000919

[14] Chang, C.H., Wu, H.T., Cheng, K.C., Lin, H.J., Cheng, J.T. (2010). “Increase of beta-endorphin secretion by agmatine is induced by activation of imidazoline I(2A) receptors in adrenal gland of rats.” Neurosci Lett, 14;468(3):297-9

[15] Dalayeun, J.F., Norès, J.M., Bergal, S. (1993). Physiology of beta-endorphins. A close-up view and a review of the literature. Biomed Pharmacother, 7(8):311-20.

[16] Neis, V.B., Moretti, M., Bettio, L.E., Ribeiro, C.M., Rosa, P.B., Gonçalves, F.M., Lopes, M.W., Leal, R.B., Rodrigues, A.L. (2016). Agmatine produces antidepressant-like effects by activating AMPA receptors and mTOR signaling. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 26(6):959-71.

[17] Freitas, A.E., Egea, J., Buendía, I., Navarro, E., Rada, P., Cuadrado, A., Rodrigues, A.L., López, M.G.. (2015). Agmatine induces Nrf2 and protects against corticosterone effects in hippocampal neuronal cell line. Mol Neurobiol, 51(3):1504-19.

[18] Freitas, A.E., Egea, J., Buendia, I., et al. (2016). Agmatine, by Improving Neuroplasticity Markers and Inducing Nrf2, Prevents Corticosterone-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior in Mice. Mol Neurobiol, 53(5):3030-3045.

[19] Satriano, J. (2003). Agmatine: at the crossroads of the arginine pathways. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1009:34-43. Review.

[20] Liu P, Jing Y, Collie ND, Chary S, Zhang H. Memory-related changes in L-citrulline and agmatine in the rat brain. Hippocampus. 2009 Jul;19(7):597-602. [21] Gilad, G.M., Gilad, V.H. (2014). Long-term (5 years), high daily dosage of dietary agmatine--evidence of safety: a case report. J Med Food, 17(11):1256-9.

[22] Keynan, O., Mirovsky, Y., Dekel, S., Gilad, V.H., Gilad, G.M. (2010). Safety and Efficacy of Dietary Agmatine Sulfate in Lumbar Disc-associated Radiculopathy. An Open-label, Dose-escalating Study Followed by a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Pain Med, 11(3):356-68.

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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This Is Why We're Starting Our Day With Caffeine and Theanine

Do you know the story about Kaldi the Ethiopian goatherd? Legend has it, over a thousand years ago, Kaldi, an observant Abyssinian goatherd, took note of the berries that his goats were eating with such enthusiasm.

Being an adventurous young man, Kaldi decided to try the berries himself. To his delight, the berries made him feel elated and energized. He filled his pockets with them and took them to his tribe’s chief monk.

He and the monk tried cooking the berries in a pot. But, the resulting drink was the most bitter brew they had ever tasted. Disgusted, the monk threw the berries into the fire – roasting the world’s first coffee beans! The two smelled the delicious aroma coming off the fire, and coffee was born.[1]

Today, coffee is the second most consumed drink in the world (second only to tea), and the world’s most prevalent stimulant.[2] But, as we all know, it has its drawbacks. Aside from the mental focus, mood enhancement and energizing effects, coffee can make you jittery, give you sweaty palms, a racing heart, a headache, and – worst of all – it can make you feel anxious.[3]

Enter L-Theanine…

What’s so Great About L-Theanine?

Theanine is one of the main active ingredients found in green tea and also in several species of mushrooms.

It helps to promote relaxation without causing drowsiness and is especially useful when taken alongside caffeine. It is best known for its ability to reduce mental fatigue and feelings of stress.[4] Theanine is also able to improve cognitive performance – perhaps not to the same extent as caffeine, but definitely, enough to be noticeable.[5]

Researchers have found that Theanine can help to promote healthy sleep. It is not a sedative, though, so the sleep-promoting benefits are thought to be related to its stress-reducing effects.[6]

One of the best things about Theanine is that it has almost zero toxicity levels – it is very safe and may even confer some health benefits. Researchers have shown that it helps with inflammation and may improve blood flow.[7]

At small to medium servings, it is a mild cognitive enhancer and a mellower alternative to caffeine. At larger servings, it can be used to help promote healthy sleep.

In your brain, Theanine helps to increase the production of GABA and dopamine and may help to reduce cortisol – also known as the ‘stress hormone’.[8] [9] [10] Theanine’s relaxing and stress-reducing properties help to reduce the common side effects felt from caffeine.

How do we know this is true? Well, apart from all the research that’s been done on these two compounds, you can actually test this yourself without even using any supplements.

Tea contains both Caffeine and Theanine. A typical cup of green tea contains around 35 mg of Caffeine and no more than 10 mg of Theanine.[11] [12]

A better test would be to use black tea (which is made from the same plant as green tea, just processed differently). A cup of black tea usually contains around 20-30 mg caffeine and 20 – 25 mg Theanine. [12] [13]

Even if you drank 2-3 cups of tea in a row, it’s unlikely that you’d notice any of the side effects associated with coffee. That’s because the Theanine content is blocking those effects.

The obvious problem with tea – which contains both caffeine and L-Theanine, is that the levels of these compounds are way too low. To get a similar kick to what you feel from a strong cup of coffee, you’d need to drink several cups of tea. You’d be using the bathroom far too regularly to be functional.

Check Out Our Range of L-Theanine Products

Why combine Caffeine and Theanine?

The combination of Caffeine and Theanine is sometimes considered to be the ‘original nootropic’. Nootropics are substances that improve cognitive function, memory, creativity, or motivation.

In 2017, researchers conducted a study on 20 healthy young individuals, who were given either placebo, caffeine, l-theanine, or a cup of black tea. The researchers measured a number of outcomes like cognitive reaction time and neurophysiological measures of attention.

They found that caffeine and theanine both improved cognitive performance significantly more than placebo or black tea, BUT the combination of theanine and caffeine improved cognitive performance by a long shot! [14]

This is why so many people are using Theanine combined with caffeine – either by taking Theanine capsules alongside a cup of coffee, or bypassing the coffee altogether and using Caffeine + Theanine capsules. This is sometimes called a ‘supplement stack’ – where you take two different supplements together for their synergistic relationship.

Why take Caffeine + Theanine capsules?

L-Theanine capsules are formulated with 200 mg Theanine per capsule – which, when combined with a cup of coffee (around 50 – 100 mg), will produce noticeable benefits in terms of focus, alertness, and cognitive function.

Caffeine + L-Theanine capsules are packed with 100 mg caffeine and 150 mg Theanine, for people who’d prefer to skip out on coffee. That’s the equivalent caffeine content of a strong, large cup of coffee, combined with the Theanine content of several strong cups of tea.

If you compare capsules to powder supplements, they’re just much easier to take! No need for micro-scoops or measuring scales, simply pop the capsule in your mouth and swallow!

In terms of monetary savings, let’s assume you’re drinking a large cup of strong coffee every morning – with a full 100 mg caffeine. The average large-sized coffee sets you back around $3. This is without any Theanine, mind you.

Now, if you were to purchase a 300 count tub of caffeine + Theanine capsules, this is the equivalent of 300 cups of coffee WITH added L-Theanine! If you were buying a cup of coffee every morning, that’d cost you over $900. So you can imagine how much you’re saving by using these capsules.

Even if you’re a coffee addict and you definitely won’t cut out the morning brew – well, the noticeable benefits that you feel from adding a Theanine capsule to your morning coffee, in terms of cognitive performance and mood: these benefits are well worth the price!

How do you take Theanine and Caffeine capsules?

Caffeine and L-Theanine capsules contain 100 mg Caffeine and 150 mg L-Theanine. The synergistic relationship between the two is what’s important! For these capsules, the recommended serving size is 1-2 capsules, once or twice daily.

In terms of Theanine, 200 mg is the ideal serving size for most people – and that’s how much is in a single capsule. To use Theanine as a mild cognitive enhancer, a lower serving size is recommended. For sleep, you’ll need a larger serving size of around 400 mg (or two capsules).

The one thing to remember is that large servings of well over 400 mg may make you feel a bit drowsy. So you just need to watch for that. But, taking 1-2 capsules, once or twice daily definitely shouldn’t produce any negative effects, so it’s actually a great mellow alternative to caffeine.

Check Out Our Range of L-Theanine Products

What are the Side Effects of Theanine and Caffeine?

As we mentioned before, Theanine is relatively free from side effects and may actually help to reduce some of the adverse effects that people feel from caffeine.

At larger servings, it may cause slight drowsiness and headaches but these are not generally present at the recommended serving size.

Unfortunately, caffeine isn’t as benign as Theanine and needs to be used responsibly. Even at small servings, caffeine can increase your blood pressure and your heart rate. It is a vasoconstrictor, which means that it causes the blood vessels to get smaller (although it is thought that Theanine may counter this effect to a certain level).

There are several important points to remember about caffeine use:

It has a long half-life of over 6 hours, so don’t use it any time close to sleep!

It is possible to overdose on caffeine. Anything above 400 mg8 per day is said to be unhealthy, so it’s important to stick to the recommended serving size.

Caffeine is addictive and can cause withdrawal symptoms after prolonged use.

Please use these capsules responsibly- as with all supplements!

* Medical Disclaimer

Not intended to treat, diagnose, or cure any disease or ailment. Use with CAUTION.

References:

[1] Nzegwu, N. (1996). The History of Coffee. Africaresource.com. [Online]. Available at: https://www.africaresource.com/house/news/our-announcements/21-the-history-of-coffee [2] Daly, J.W., Holmén, J., Fredholm, B.B. (1998). [Is caffeine addictive? The most widely used psychoactive substance in the world affects same parts of the brain as cocaine]. (Article in Swedish). Lakartidningen, 16;95(51-52):5878-83.

[3] Spritzler, N. (2017). 9 Side Effects of Too Much Caffeine. Healthline.com [Online]. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/caffeine-side-effects [4] Patel, K. (2018). Theanine. Examine.com. [Online]. Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/theanine/ [5] Dodd, F. L., Kennedy, D. O., Riby, L. M., Haskell-Ramsay, C. F. (2015). A double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effects of caffeine and L-theanine both alone and in combination on cerebral blood flow, cognition and mood. Psychopharmacology, 232(14), 2563–2576.

[6] Rao, T.P., Ozeki, M., Juneja, L.R. (2015). In Search of a Safe Natural Sleep Aid. J Am Coll Nutr, 34(5):436-47.

[7] Hwang, Y.P., Jin, S.W., Choi, J.H., Choi, C.Y., Kim, H.G., Kim, S.J., Kim, Y., Lee, K.J., Chung, Y.C., Jeong, H.G. (2017). Inhibitory effects of l-theanine on airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. Food Chem Toxicol, 99:162-169.

[8] Yokogoshi, H., Kobayashi, M., Mochizuki, M., Terashima, T. (1998). Effect of theanine, r-glutamylethylamide, on brain monoamines and striatal dopamine release in conscious rats. Neurochem Res, 23(5):667-73.

[9] Nathan, P.J., Lu, K., Gray, M., Oliver, C. (2006). The neuropharmacology of L-theanine(N-ethyl-L-glutamine): a possible neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing agent. J Herb Pharmacother, 6(2):21-30.

[10] White, D.J., de Klerk, S., Woods, W., Gondalia, S., Noonan, C., & Scholey, A. B. (2016). Anti-Stress, Behavioural and Magnetoencephalography Effects of an l-Theanine-Based Nutrient Drink: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial. Nutrients, 8(1), 53.

[11] West, H. (2017). How much caffeine is in green tea? Healthline.com. [online] Available at https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/caffeine-in-green-tea [12] Lee, J. (2013). L-Theanine for Anxiety – Self Medicating Anxiety with Tea? Choosehelp.com. [online]. Available at: https://www.choosehelp.com/topics/complementary-alternative-therapies/l-theanine-for-anxiety-2013-self-medicating-anxiety-with-tea [13] Mayoclinic Staff. (2017). Caffeine content for coffee, tea, soda and more. Mayoclinic.org. [online]. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/caffeine/art-20049372 [14] Kahathuduwa, C.N., Dassanayake, T.L., Amarakoon, A.M.T., Weerasinghe, V.S. (2017). Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attention. Nutr Neurosci. Jul;20(6):369-377.

The post This Is Why We're Starting Our Day With Caffeine and Theanine appeared first on LiftMode Blog. This Is Why We're Starting Our Day With Caffeine and Theanine published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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The Top 10 Best Phenibut Alternatives for Stress Reduction and Healthy Sleep

In this article, we explore the Top 10 Phenibut alternatives available today. These naturally-derived dietary supplements are able to provide similar benefits to those of Phenibut, but with a lower risk of overuse/abuse or side effects. While natural supplements are often thought to be milder in their effects, many of these supplements are very powerful and can definitely be considered on par with Phenibut’s effects.

This article is especially useful for anyone who has used Phenibut in the past but experienced difficulties in terms of side effects or overuse; or for somebody looking for the benefits offered by Phenibut but who would prefer using a supplement with less risk of adverse effects or simply prefers taking supplements of natural origins.

Why Phenibut?

Many people around the world take Phenibut as a powerful mood-boosting and stress-reducing dietary supplement. When taken at the recommended serving size, Phenibut helps to promote a healthy mood, as well as supporting feelings of relaxation and sociability.[1] It is often preferred by people who tend to be very busy or have a lot of stress in their lives, as a way to calm the mind and help support healthy sleep.

This Russian-developed compound targets areas in the brain called GABA-receptors.[2] GABA is a neurotransmitter that is responsible for ‘dulling’ the signals sent from the Central Nervous System (CNS) to the brain. This is especially important to help with promoting sleep at night and is also essential for maintaining a balanced mood and nervous system. In fact, GABA is so effective at calming the body that many tranquillizers and sedatives target similar receptors in the brain. Alcohol, for example, is a GABA agonist, meaning that it activates GABA receptors.

In general, GABA-agonists are known for their efficacy in reducing stress, promoting relaxation, and supporting a healthy mood, as well as being useful at helping with sleep. However, most compounds that activate GABA receptors have a drawback of making people feel tired or groggy, and negatively affecting motor coordination. Phenibut is unique because it was specially engineered to deliver the benefits of GABA activation without the sedative-like side-effects that categorize this group of compounds, and this is the reason why so many people around the world love using it.

Check Out Our Range of Phenibut

Why Do People Search for Phenibut Alternatives?

Despite the pleasant benefits of Phenibut, it needs to be used responsibly and with care. Unlikely most dietary supplements, Phenibut is not of natural origins. It is typically synthesized in a laboratory and was originally designed to help improve the efficiency of Russian cosmonauts in space.[3] This means that it needs to be taken at the correct serving size and cycled correct, to avoid the risk of experiencing unpleasant adverse effects.

The recommended serving size is between 500 – 2000 mg per day, taken in 2-3 smaller split servings. Never take more than 1000 mg of Phenibut in a single serving, and do not use more than twice per week. A smaller serving size is better to promote a mild improvement in mood and reducing stress. Smaller servings are ideal for promoting better sociability. At larger servings, the sleep-promoting benefits of this supplement become more apparent.

There are some important reasons why people search online for Phenibut alternatives. Mostly, these relate to the potential adverse effects from overusing this supplement. The three most important reasons why some people prefer Phenibut alternatives are that they encounter:

1. Phenibut Side Effects

The most common reason that people choose to seek out different, but similar, supplements to Phenibut is because they experience some form of side effect. Side effects are generally uncommon at the recommended serving size, but some people can have a great sensitivity and be more prone to encountering these adverse effects.

Phenibut side effects can include one or more of the following: nausea, sedation, irritability and agitation, anxiety, headache, dizziness, allergic reactions. At larger servings, some people encounter adverse effects like motor impairment, loss of balance, and hangovers.[4] That being said, the overwhelming majority of people who use this supplement are able to do so without experiencing any of the above mentioned negative effects.

2. Phenibut Withdrawal

This is the reason why it is so important to use Phenibut responsibly – within the recommended serving size and not more than twice per week. The reason for this is that it is possible to build a tolerance to Phenibut’s effects over time and when used at large servings, which can lead to dependence.

If you regularly take large Phenibut servings or use it for days or weeks consistently, you may experience withdrawal symptoms when stopping. Symptoms of Phenibut withdrawal can include negative thoughts, depression, lethargy, prolonged insomnia, persistent restlessness, stress and panic attacks. At least one person experienced mild and temporary psychosis as a result of withdrawal symptoms from prolonged heavy Phenibut intake. [5]

3. Interactions and Overdose

Phenibut, being a GABA agonist supplement, has the potential to interact with a number of other supplements and compounds. It is very important to consult with your doctor before taking this supplement if you are using any medication or have any underlying medical conditions. The most important interactions to be aware of are between Phenibut and alcohol, and between Phenibut and benzodiazepines.[6]

Unlike most naturally-derived supplements, which are generally safe at all serving sizes, Phenibut can be dangerous to your health if taken above the recommended serving suggestion. Taking this supplement at servings above those recommended on the bottle can lead to adverse effects, and can potentially land you in hospital.

It is important to remember that, although Phenibut is sold online as a dietary supplement and has helped many people around the world to deal with stress and to improve their mood and sleep patterns, it is not like other ‘natural’ supplements, and has the potential to cause harm to your body if taken irresponsibly. If you feel that you may not be able to use Phenibut responsibly, we highly recommend checking out these Top 10 Phenibut alternatives below:

Top 10 Phenibut Alternatives

1. LiftMode’s Sleep Capsules

Combination of Four Top Supplements in a Single Capsule

Promotes Strong Feelings of Calm & Relaxation

Assists with Healthy Sleep and Stress-Reduction

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★★★

This great new addition to LiftMode’s catalogue provides the user with no less than four top calming supplements in a single capsule. The supplement stack is specially formulated to provide the best combination of naturally-derived supplements for stress-reduction, mood-boost and to promote healthy sleep.

In terms of its similarity to Phenibut, this is, most likely, as close as you’ll get with an alternative. The Sleep Aid capsules contain a combination of Melatonin, Oleamide, Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), and L-Tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) – all of natural origins, and without any of the potential hazards of using Phenibut. Our favourite Phenibut alternative on this list!

Check Out Our Range of Sleep Stack Capsules!

2. GABA

Great for Supporting Healthy Sleep

Provides a Natural Serving of GABA: The Calming Neurotransmitter

Helps to Promote a Healthy Immune System

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★☆☆

GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) is a well-known calming neurotransmitter. As a natural hormone, it helps the body to ‘dull’ signals from the immune system, promoting rest, relaxation, and stress-reduction.[7] Many calming supplements and compounds target GABA receptors in the brain, and by using this supplement, you simply make more GABA available in the body.

The best-known effects of GABA supplements are for reducing stress and promoting healthy sleep. Studies have pointed to its efficacy at reducing the time taken to fall asleep.[8] However, it is not known to produce the same mood-boosting effects as Phenibut. We’d recommend this Phenibut alternative to someone who is more interested in a stress-reducing and sleep-promoting supplement.

3. 5-HTP

Significant Improvements in Mood

Helps to Maintain a Healthy Metabolism

Supports Healthy Sleep

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★☆☆

5-HTP (5-Hydroxytryptophan) is a powerful amino-acid and the biochemical precursor to serotonin. When you take 5-HTP supplements, a large amount of this becomes available in the brain to synthesize serotonin, a vital neurotransmitter for supporting a healthy mood.[9]

Serotonin is also important for maintaining physiological and psychological functions in the body. These include supporting a healthy emotional state, promoting healthy sleep, and support for a healthy appetite, memory, learning, sex drive, immune systems, and muscle tone.[10] 5-HTP supplements are typically extracted from a plant called Griffonia Simplicifolia, which contains concentrations as high as 20%! Recommended especially to people who enjoy the mood-lifting effects of Phenibut.

4. L-Theanine + Caffeine

Powerful Cognitive Enhancer

Strong Mood Booster

Energizing and Stimulating

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★☆☆☆

The combination of L-Theanine and Caffeine is especially great for people who use Phenibut as a tool to combat stress and improve focus. Although this supplement combination works in a very different way to Phenibut – providing a mental and physical energy boost, in contrast to the more calming and relaxing effects of Phenibut – some of its benefits are seen as similar to those of Phenibut.

For many people, the stress-reducing effects of Phenibut help them to focus better at work or studies. The combination of L-Theanine and Caffeine has been shown to be highly effective at promoting healthy cognitive performance and supporting learning and mental focus.[11] L-Theanine is also well-known for its ability to support relaxation.[12]

5. Magnolia Bark Extract

Promotes a Calm, Relaxed State of Mind

Effectively Reduces Stress

Helps to Support a Healthy Circulatory System

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★★☆

Magnolia Bark Extract is rich in plant alkaloid compounds called Magnolol and Honokiol. Both of these alkaloids have been studied in depth for their ability to promote relaxation, reduce stress, and to support a positive mood.[13] Studies have also indicated the potential to use this great plant-extract as a natural sleep aid since it is effective in reducing the time taken to fall asleep.[14]

Magnolia Bark Extract has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for centuries, as a health-promoting remedy. Its traditional name is Houpu. Some people use this supplement for its potential cognitive benefits, although these are still being studied in more detail. This is one of our top Phenibut alternatives because of its similarity in terms of benefits on mood, stress, and sleep promotion.

Check Out Our Range of Magnolia Bark Extract

6. Oleamide

Relaxation and Mood-lift

Supports Healthy Sleep

Neuroprotector and Anti-inflammatory

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★☆☆

Oleamide (cis-9,10-octadecenoamide) is a naturally-occurring fatty acid that is produced by the human brain to help promote sleep. It is a derivative of oleic acid, which is found in olive oil. When used as a dietary supplement, Oleamide is great for promoting relaxation, reducing stress, and improving mood.[15] Additionally, studies have shown that Oleamide is effective at reducing the time taken to fall asleep and also at protecting the brain from stress.[16]

Some people think of Oleamide as a ‘lighter’ version of Phenibut. It must be said, however, that it’s sleep-promoting effects are generally considered better than those of Phenibut. It is a little lighter on the mood-boosting and sociability-enhancing effects but is also without the potential for adverse effects.

7. Baicalin

Powerful Antioxidant & Anti-Inflammatory

Promotes a Healthy Circulatory System

Used for Vitality, Relaxation, and Well-Being

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★★☆

Baicalin is one of our all-time favourite health-promoting supplements and a powerful bioflavonoid. It is the active compound found in the Chinese Skullcap and is an integral part of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It has been used for centuries for promoting health, vitality and relaxation. Studies have indicated that Baicalin has strong anti-stress benefits and can help to support a healthy brain.[17]

Like Phenibut, Baicalin acts on GABA receptors, albeit at a slightly lower potency.[18] One of the top things about this supplement is that it is very soluble in water, so it can easily be dissolved in a healthy juice for breakfast, to kick-start your day! All-in-all, this natural alternative comes really close to Phenibut’s effects and is easily one of our top recommendations. We love that it packs in a health-boosting punch in addition to it’s Phenibut-like effects.

Check Out Our Range of Baicalin

8. Melatonin

One of the World’s Best Natural Sleep Aids

Potent Antioxidant Benefits for Good Health

Helps to Improve Mood

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★☆☆

Melatonin is one of the best-known natural sleep aids available today. It is the brain’s ‘sleep hormone’ and is responsible for regulating the circadian rhythm. Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland from serotonin, in response to changes in the dark-light cycle.[19] Melatonin supplements are also great antioxidants and help to support a healthy body by destroying dangerous ‘free-radicals’.[20]

Melatonin is recommended as a natural alternative for people who use Phenibut for its sleep-promoting effects. Study-after-study has indicated that Melatonin supplements are effective, not only at reducing the time taken to fall asleep but also at improving overall sleep quality. Some people who take Melatonin claim that it also helps to promote an improved mood and to support feelings of well-being.

9. L-Tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP)

Blocks voltage-activated L-type calcium channels

Promotes a healthy circulatory system

Works as an anti-stress and calming supplement

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★★☆

Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) is a plant compound found in Corydalis yanhusuo – which is an essential component to many Traditional Chinese remedies. This plant extract has been used for centuries as a herbal health tonic. Pure L-THP has been available in China for over half a century, where it is used as a pain-relief and anti-inflammatory compound. As a dietary supplement, it is best known for its beneficial effects on dopamine receptors, and for helping to reduce sensations of pain.[21]

Just like Phenibut, and unlike any of the other alternatives on this list, L-THP is a powerful blocker of calcium-gated channels (Ca2+ channel blocker).[22] This means that it prevents calcium from entering into the cells of the heart and blood vessel walls, which helps to support a healthy circulatory system.

BONUS TIP: We recommend trying a combination of L-THP, taken along with either of our 4-star Phenibut alternatives: Baicalin or Magnolia Bark Extract.

This natural combination mimics both of Phenibut’s key mechanisms: Ca2+ channel blocking, along with stress-reducing GABA-binding effects. In fact, it may just be the best bet for producing a really powerful natural alternative!

Check Out Our Range of L-Tetrahydropalmatine

10. Agmatine Sulphate

Supports cognitive health

Helps to reduce stress and promote a healthy mood

May help with fitness performance and to support a healthy circulatory system

Similarity to Phenibut: ★★★☆☆

Agmatine sulphate is a neurotransmitter that has only recently been understood. It is used for receptor signalling in pathways of the central nervous system (CNS) and is stored in the synaptic vessels.[23] Recent studies of Agmatine suggest that it has some great benefits, that may be very similar to those of Phenibut. The results of these studies are echoed by Agmatine reviews on internet forums. Its benefits include reducing feelings of stress, promoting an improved mood, and also good support for cognition, learning, and memory.

Like Phenibut, Agmatine may also provide neuroprotective benefits and support a healthy circulatory system.[24] It is found in many food sources and is produced naturally in the human body. As a result, Agmatine is generally considered safe for use and relatively free of side effects. As a result, it is a great alternative for people who enjoy the cognitive effects of Phenibut but are concerned about potential adverse effects.

Other Alternatives

There are a number of different Phenibut alternatives that could also be beneficial but are not currently offered on LiftMode.com. Although these products are not currently listed on our catalogue, we are working to include more of them in the future. Stay tuned for more information! Other Phenibut alternatives include:

Ashwagandha: Also called 'Indian Ginseng', it is a part of Ayurvedic medicine, where it is used to maintain youth. It has effective benefits for pain-relief and stress reduction.

Lemon Balm: Traditionally used to improve mood and cognitive function. Recent research points to its additional benefits in reducing stress.

Passion Flower: Also known as Passiflora, this plant extract was long used by Native Americans for a variety of conditions. Some studies point towards its benefits on stress reduction and mood, through GABA receptors.

Kava: A plant endemic to the South Pacific islands and long used as a ceremonial drink to promote relaxation. Recent studies point to its stress-reducing and sleep-promoting effects.

Mulungu: Used for centuries by indigenous people in the Central and South Americas, the bark of the Mulungu tree is effective at supporting a healthy mood and reducing stress.

Magnesium: Magnesium, especially when taken in an easily-absorbable form, appears to be effective at reducing stress - which, scientists say, may be the result of a nutrient deficiency.

Lavender Oil: Lavender has been used in aromatherapy since ancient times for many different conditions. Today, research suggests it may be an effective means of reducing stress without the potential for abuse.

Conclusion

In summary, Phenibut is a fantastic dietary supplement for supporting a healthy mood, reducing stress, and promoting restful sleep. Thousands of people around the world successfully use this supplement without experiencing any negative side effects. However, it needs to be used responsibly. Overuse can be detrimental to your health. As a result, many people online are searching for natural/safer Phenibut alternatives.

Our favourite Phenibut alternatives include LiftMode Sleep Capsules and a combination of Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) with either Baicalin or Magnolia Bark Extract. This combination mimics the biological mechanisms underlying Phenibut’s effects, using naturally-derived supplements without the risk of adverse effects. There are many other dietary supplements that mimic one or more of Phenibut’s benefits, although often with slightly milder effects.

References:

[1] Shul'gina GI, Ziablitseva EA. [Effect of the GABA derivative phenibut on learning]. (Article in Russian). Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk. 2005;(2):35-40.

[2] Lapin I. Phenibut (beta-phenyl-GABA): a tranquilizer and nootropic drug. CNS Drug Rev. 2001 Winter;7(4):471-81.

[3] Högberg L, Szabó I, Ruusa J. [Phenibut yielded withdrawal symptoms and psychosis. Drugs for cosmonauts--now marketed as dietary supplements online]. (Article in Swedish). Lakartidningen. 2013 Apr 17-23;110(16):825-7.

[4] Phenibut. (2018). WebMD.com, available online from https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1184/phenibut [Accessed August 3, 2018]

[5] Högberg L, Szabó I, Ruusa J. Psychotic symptoms during Phenibut (beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid) withdrawal., Journal of Substance Use. 2013, 18(4): 335-338

[6] Samokhvalov AV, Paton-Gay CL, Balchand K, Rehm J. Phenibut dependence. BMJ Case Reports. 2013;2013:bcr2012008381.

[7] Wu C, Sun D. GABA receptors in brain development, function, and injury. Metabolic brain disease. 2015;30(2):367-379.

[8] Boonstra E, de Kleijn R, Colzato LS, Alkemade A, Forstmann BU, Nieuwenhuis S. Neurotransmitters as food supplements: the effects of GABA on brain and behavior. Frontiers in Psychology. 2015;6:1520.

[9] Hinz M, Stein A, Uncini T. 5-HTP efficacy and contraindications. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2012;8:323-328.

[10] Mohammad-Zadeh LF, Moses L, Gwaltney-Brant SM. Serotonin: a review. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Jun;31(3):187-99.

[11] Kahathuduwa CN, Dassanayake TL, Amarakoon AMT, Weerasinghe VS. Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attention. Nutr Neurosci. 2017 Jul;20(6):369-377.

[12] Kimura K, Ozeki M, Juneja LR, Ohira H. L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses. Biol Psychol. 2007 Jan;74(1):39-45.

[13] Rempel V, Fuchs A, Hinz S, et al. Magnolia Extract, Magnolol, and Metabolites: Activation of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors and Blockade of the Related GPR55. ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 2013;4(1):41-45.

[14] Woodbury A, Yu SP, Wei L, García P. Neuro-Modulating Effects of Honokiol: A Review. Frontiers in Neurology. 2013;4:130.

[15] Boger DL, Henriksen SJ, Cravatt BF. Oleamide: an endogenous sleep-inducing lipid and prototypical member of a new class of biological signaling molecules. Curr Pharm Des. 1998 Aug;4(4):303-14.

[16] Coyne L, Lees G, Nicholson RA, Zheng J, Neufield KD. The sleep hormone oleamide modulates inhibitory ionotropic receptors in mammalian CNS in vitro. British Journal of Pharmacology. 2002;135(8):1977-1987.

[17] Srinivas NR. Baicalin, an emerging multi-therapeutic agent: pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and considerations from drug development perspectives. Xenobiotica. 2010 May;40(5):357-67.

[18] Wang F, Xu Z, Ren L, Tsang SY, Xue H. GABA A receptor subtype selectivity underlying selective anxiolytic effect of baicalin. Neuropharmacology. 2008 Dec;55(7):1231-7.

[19] Costello RB, Lentino CV, Boyd CC, et al. The effectiveness of melatonin for promoting healthy sleep: a rapid evidence assessment of the literature. Nutrition Journal. 2014;13:106.

[20] Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Mayo JC, Sainz RM, Leon J, Czarnocki Z. Melatonin as an antioxidant: biochemical mechanisms and pathophysiological implications in humans. Acta Biochim Pol. 2003;50(4):1129-46.

[21] Gong X, Yue K, Ma B, Xing J, Gan Y, Wang D, Jin G, Li C. Levo-tetrahydropalmatine, a natural, mixed dopamine receptor antagonist, inhibits methamphetamine self-administration and methamphetamine-induced reinstatement. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2016 May;144:67-72

[22] Liu TT, Qu ZW, Qiu CY, Qiu F, Ren C, Gan X, Peng F, Hu WP. Inhibition of acid-sensing ion channels by levo-tetrahydropalmatine in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. J Neurosci Res. 2015 Feb;93(2):333-9.

[23] Halaris A, Plietz J. Agmatine: metabolic pathway and spectrum of activity in brain. CNS Drugs. 2007;21(11):885-900.

[24] Xu W, Gao L, Li T, Shao A, Zhang J. Neuroprotective role of Agmatine in Neurological Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2017 Aug 8

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Vitamin P – Bioflavonoids: How They Can Help You & Top 5 Food Sources

In this article, we explore the health benefits of bioflavonoids (sometimes called Vitamin P). The fascinating health benefits of this class of phytochemicals is what makes eating sufficient fruits and vegetables so important. Not only are bioflavonoids essential naturally-occurring antioxidants and anti-inflammatories, but they also function in support of a healthy circulatory system, a healthy immune system, and to promote longevity and well-being.

We explore the world’s best food sources for bioflavonoids, as well as top dietary supplements that can be taken in addition to a healthy diet, to boost your flavonoid intake! Anybody who is interested in health, fitness, well-being, or longevity should definitely make sure that they’re getting sufficient bioflavonoids in their diet.

The Bioflavonoids: What is Vitamin P?

Vitamin P is an outdated term that refers to a group of naturally-occurring chemicals called flavonoids, or bioflavonoids. This group of compounds all share a very similar chemical structure and are synthesized by plants for a variety of physiological functions. For example, they are very important for flower pigmentation (giving flowers their colours), as well as in the filtration of UV light and nitrogen fixation.[1] However, their benefits are not restricted to plants.

Bioflavonoids have been used for centuries as health-promoting phytochemical ingredients in an incredibly wide range of traditional medicine from around the world. There is now comprehensive clinical evidence to show their vast array of important effects in a variety of biological processes in mammal species, including humans. Today, bioflavonoids are used to enhance the immune-supporting benefits of vitamin C, to support blood circulation and a healthy circulatory system, and as a means of managing inflammation in the body.[2]

There is solid peer-reviewed scientific evidence to support the health-promoting claims made about bioflavonoids. Researchers from around the world are engaged in studies to understand their mechanisms in the human body, as well as how they affect our health in the long-term, through a type of medical research known as epidemiology. More and more research shows that intake of bioflavonoids is associated with better health, longevity, and well-being over long periods of time.[3]

Top 5 Health Benefits of Bioflavonoids

1. Antioxidant Effects

Antioxidants are compounds that help to remove reactive chemicals called ‘free-radicals’ or ‘reactive oxygen species (ROS)’ from the body. These are considered to be harmful to the body because they are able to react chemically with processes occurring inside cells, and even with DNA. This is called ‘oxidative stress’ and has the ability to cause cell damage and potentially dangerous DNA mutations.

Free-radicals are naturally generated through biological processes and biochemical reactions within the human body. Our bodies have complex and integrated systems to balance the generation of free-radicals. However, there are some environmental and genetic factors that can cause the body to produce excess ROSs. These include living in areas with polluted air, unhealthy diets high in sugar and fat, smoking, drinking, exposure to radiation, inflammation, and exposure to harmful chemical products like pesticides.[4]

Antioxidants are able to interact with free-radicals to prevent them from causing damage to the body. These effects are also known as ‘free-radical scavenging’ benefits. Of the over 8000 individual flavonoid compounds known, many have already demonstrated great antioxidant benefits in vitro.[5] It is more difficult to show antioxidant benefits in living systems (in vivo) because of the inherent complexity of living systems. However, a variety of long-term epidemiological studies have found that people who consume diets rich in antioxidants tend to have a reduced risk of disease.[6]

2. Anti-Inflammatory Benefits

It’s important to remember that inflammation is not “bad”, by definition. Inflammation is actually an important process of restoring health in the body. Acute inflammation is what occurs when the immune system kicks into action in response to toxins, infections, or wounds. Redness, swelling, heat, and itchiness are all signs of a healthy inflammatory response of the immune system.[7]

Chronic inflammation, however, refers to an ongoing process of the body trying – and failing – to remove unwanted substances from the body. These could include the toxins from cigarette smoke, excess fat in organs, the build-up of plaque in arteries (a condition known as atherosclerosis), and other factors – including genetically inherited diseases of the immune system.[8]

In terms of danger to health, long-term, chronic inflammation is associated with numerous diseases and ailments. There is a medical theory that many, if not most, diseases have inflammation as an underlying cause: including heart disease, diabetes, and others.[9] With this in mind, it's easy to see why managing inflammation in the body is so important. Plant foods are the only natural sources of anti-inflammatory compounds, which is why doctors today recommend eating between 5-10 servings of fruits and vegetables every day.[10]

3. Immune System Support

The effects of natural bioflavonoids on the immune system have been well-studied. Plant flavonoids are established as being able to help support a healthy immune system through their regulatory effects. Studies have found, for example, that increased fruit and vegetable consumption improves markers of immune response in elderly people with chronic disease, while others have indicated stimulatory effects on all types of immune cells, including neutrophils, eosinophils, T & B lymphocytes, macrophages, and others.[11]

The immune system is your body’s defence system against toxins, bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Flavonoids interact indirectly with the immune system through their actions on biochemical processes in the body.[12] These interactions are highly complex and involve numerous feedback loops. To better understand how this works, below is an example of one of the dozens of interactions between bioflavonoids and the human immune system.

Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell which either produce antibodies to attack viruses and bacteria (B-Type) or implement a self-destruct mechanism to destroy infected human cells (T-Type).[13] In order to work properly, lymphocytes need to first be activated by antigens, and this process requires the actions of enzymes called tyrosine protein kinases.[14] Flavonoids have been shown to interact significantly with protein kinases and to regulate the activities of lymphocytes and immune response.[15]

4. Support a Healthy Circulatory System

Bioflavonoids are important for supporting a healthy circulatory system, and their role in this function has been shown through multiple studies from around the world. Their ability to support a healthy circulatory system is directly related to how they function in the human body in terms of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-ischemic, anti-hypertensive, and anti-arrhythmic effects. [15]

In one example, a population of over 34’000 post-menopausal women was studied for their food intake and risk of cardiovascular disease. The first data was recorded in 1985. Follow-up questionnaires were mailed and recorded in 1987, 1989, 1992, and 1997. In 2002, 16 years after the study began, the final data was reviewed, including mortality rates and cause of death. The results showed a significant adverse relationship between the number of bioflavonoids in diet and the risk of death from cardiovascular disease or coronary heart disease.[16]

Several smaller studies have been conducted, with similar results. In Finland, over 5100 volunteers participated in a 25-year study which found that low levels of bioflavonoid intake significantly increased the risk of heart disease.[17] In Holland, 4807 people partook in a similar 5.6-year study examining the effects of tea intake (as a proxy for flavonoids). Results again showed a significant inverse relationship between bioflavonoid intake and risk of diseases of the circulatory system.[18]

5. Further Research

Further potential uses of bioflavonoids are being studied by researchers around the world. For example, Swiss scientists are exploring the potential use of bioflavonoids found in many plant foods – for protection against radiation. In a recent study, they exposed mice to gamma radiation and later gave them a mixture of bioflavonoids extracted from Quercetin and Rutin. The results showed a significant decrease in radiation-triggered lipid peroxidation, meaning that the bioflavonoids offered a protective effect against oxidative stress from radiation.[19]

Some studies have explored the potential links between bioflavonoids in the diet and risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. For example, French scientists conducted a study on a population of 1367 people over the age of 65 years. A questionnaire was used to assess their dietary intake of bioflavonoids, and follow ups were conducted for 5 years after. In that time, 66 cases of dementia were reported among the participants. After accounting for a variety of other possible factors, the results showed a significant adverse relationship between intake of flavonoids and risk of dementia.[20]

Finally, researchers are exploring the potential uses of bioflavonoids against microbes like bacteria and fungi. These fascinating compounds have already demonstrated antimicrobial effects in plants, where they are an important line of defence against infection. Scientists are now exploring the potential to develop these traits further, for use by humans.[21]

Top Food Sources of Vitamin P

There are a few different types of bioflavonoids, all of which are beneficial to your health. These great health-promoting compounds can be found in all fruits and vegetables. Importantly, its far better to aim for a diet that has is both varied and abundant, in terms of fruit and vegetable intake – rather than binging on one ‘top bioflavonoid food source’, for example. Eating a varied diet gives you a wide range of nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and flavonoids.

AnthocyanidinsFlavononesFlavonesFlavan-3-olsFlavonolsIsoflavonesBlueberriesOrangesParsleyBlack teaOnionsSoybeansBananasGrapefruitsThymeGreen teaApplesSoy productsStrawberriesLemonsCeleryCacaoTomatoesLegumesCherriesTomatoesHot peppersGrapesGarbanzo beansGrapesWatermelonBerriesAlmondsRed wineLettuceStrawberriesKalePlumsPeachesBroccoliPearsBananas

[22] [23]

According to the most recent research, Americans consume around 200 mg of total bioflavonoids per day, with tea being the greatest source of these compounds.[24] In 2017, researchers at the Imperial College of London found that an estimated 5.6 to 7.8 million premature deaths worldwide could be attributed to a lack of fruits and vegetables in people’s diets. They recommended a daily intake of at least 500 grams of fruits and vegetables, or around 8-10 servings, for optimum health-promoting benefits. [10]

Top 3 Bioflavonoid Dietary Supplements

In addition to a healthy diet that is rich in fruits and vegetables, dietary supplements are another great way to increase your daily intake of bioflavonoids and promote a healthier body. Below are the Top 3 Bioflavonoids supplements available today:

1. Green Tea Extract Catechins

Click the image to buy Green Tea Extract!

Green Tea is widely regarded as the healthiest drink in the world and is rich in catechins and polyphenols, both of which are great sources of bioflavonoids. In fact, it is established that the health-promoting benefits of Green Tea can be attributed to its high the polyphenol content, particularly flavanols and flavonols, which represent 30% of fresh leaf dry weight.[25]

Green Tea Extract supplements provide a high-potency powder or capsule form of polyphenols and catechins. Studies have indicated that these groups of compounds have several health benefits, including supporting a healthy cardiovascular system, powerful anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant and neuroprotective benefits, and many more.[26] With the greatest source of flavonoids for Americans being tea, it’s easy to see how Green Tea Extract is a great dietary supplement source for boosting your bioflavonoid intake.

2. Quercetin and Rutin

Click the image to buy Quercetin!

Two more great sources of flavonoids are Quercetin and Rutin – with Rutin offering a ‘slow-release’ form of Quercetin, due to the presence of an additional rutinose sugar molecule. These naturally-occurring compounds are found in most fruits and vegetables, with buckwheat, asparagus, apples, figs, black tea, green tea, and elderflower tea being a few great sources.[27] Unlike Green Tea Extract, which is a source of a variety of bioflavonoids, Quercetin itself is a flavonoid compound.

Both Rutin and Quercetin have been the focus of research teams around the world involved in nutrition and the study of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatories. Many studies assessing the efficacy of bioflavonoids in general for their health-promoting benefits use either Rutin or Quercetin as proxy compounds because they are simply so effective! Like all bioflavonoids, the benefits of these compounds include strong antioxidant effects, potent anti-inflammatory benefits, and support for a healthy circulatory system.[28]

3. Baicalin

Click the image to buy Baicalin!

Like Quercetin, Baicalin is not a source of flavonoids, but rather a bioflavonoid itself. The key active compound found in Scutellaria baicalensis, this amazing health-promoting phytochemical has been found to provide numerous health benefits, both in vitro and in vivo. In one study, researchers found that Baicalin binds to chemokines – a family of small signalling molecules used in the immune system – as a key mechanism of its powerful health benefits.[29]

Unlike Quercetin and Green Tea Extract, Baicalin has additional benefits on top of its bioflavonoid effects. Research has shown that it binds to GABA receptors in the brain, to help promote calm and relaxation, and reduce feelings of stress.[30] It has also been shown to enhance the activation of an enzyme called AMPK, which is responsible for regulating hormone levels in the blood and involved in the metabolism of fat.[31]

Conclusion

In summary, bioflavonoids are not only beneficial but are actually essential for good health and well-being. Studies now show that the ideal intake of fruits and vegetables is as high as 8-10 servings per day, to support optimum health. One great way of achieving this is by blending a variety of flavonoid-containing foods into a healthy smoothie. Taking additional bioflavonoids in the form of a powder or as capsule supplements is another way to boost your daily intake.

The top bioflavonoid dietary supplements include Green Tea Extract, Quercetin/Rutin, and Baicalin. These are a great way to support good health through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and circulatory-supporting benefits. However, although dietary supplements can certainly be beneficial, they should not be seen as a replacement for a healthy diet. Getting adequate fruits and vegetables in your diet is the best way to ensure good health!

References:

[1] Nandave M, Ojha SK, Arya DS. (: R. ol.4(3) [May-June 2005]t for a healthy diet. Getting adequate fruits and vegetables in your diet is the best way to ensure 2005). Protective role of flavonoids in cardiovascular diseases. NPR. 4(3): 166-176

[2] Bioflavonoids. (2018). Drugs.com, available online from https://www.drugs.com/mtm/bioflavonoids.html [Accessed Jul 27, 2018]

[3] Ivey KL, Hodgson JM, Croft KD, Lewis JR, Prince RL. (2015). Flavonoid intake and all-cause mortality. Am J Clin Nutr. 101(5):1012-20.

[4] Lobo V, Patil A, Phatak A, Chandra N. (2010). Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 4(8):118-126.

[5] Pietta PG. (2000). Flavonoids as antioxidants. J Nat Prod, 63(7):1035-42.

[6] Lee ER, Kang GH, Cho SG. (2007). Effect of flavonoids on human health: old subjects but new challenges. Recent Pat Biotechnol, 1(2):139-50.

[7] Nordqvist C. (2017). Everything you need to know about inflammation. Medicalnewstoday.com, available online from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248423.php [Accessed Jul 27, 2018]

[8] Bhatt S. (2018). What is inflammation? Harvardhealth.edu, available online from https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-disease-overview/ask-the-doctor-what-is-inflammation [Accessed Jul 27, 2018]

[9] Inflammation: A unifying theory of disease. (2006). Harvardhealth.edu, available online from https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/Inflammation_A_unifying_theory_of_disease [Accessed Jul 27, 2018]

[10] Aune D et al. (2017). Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Int J Epidemiol, 46(3):1029-1056.

[11] Middleton E Jr. (1998). Effect of plant flavonoids on immune and inflammatory cell function. Adv Exp Med Biol, 439:175-82.

[12] Pérez-Cano FJ, Castell M. (2016). Flavonoids, Inflammation and Immune System. Nutrients, 8(10):659.

[13] Lymphocytes. (n.d.). PubMed Health, available online from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0022042/ [Accessed Jul 27, 2018]

[14] Sefton BM, Taddie JA. (1994). Role of tyrosine kinases in lymphocyte activation. Curr Opin Immunol, 6(3):372-9.

[15] Middleton E Jr., Kandaswami C. (1992). Effects of flavonoids on immune and inflammatory cell functions. Biochemical Pharmacology, 43(6): 1167-1179

[16] Mink PJ, Scrafford CG, Barraj LM, Harnack L, Hong CP, Nettleton JA, Jacobs DR Jr. (2007). Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective study in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr, 85(3):895-909.

[17] Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Reunanen A, Maatela J. (1996). Flavonoid intake and coronary mortality in Finland: a cohort study. BMJ, 312(7029):478-81.

[18] Geleijnse JM, Launer LJ, Van der Kuip DA, Hofman A, Witteman JC. (2002). Inverse association of tea and flavonoid intakes with incident myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study. Am J Clin Nutr, 75(5):880-6.

[19] Patil SL, Mallaiah SH, Patil RK. (2013). Antioxidative and radioprotective potential of rutin and quercetin in Swiss albino mice exposed to gamma radiation. Journal of Medical Physics / Association of Medical Physicists of India, 38(2):87-92.

[20] Commenges D, Scotet V, Renaud S, Jacqmin-Gadda H, Barberger-Gateau P, Dartigues JF. (2000). Intake of flavonoids and risk of dementia. Eur J Epidemiol, 16(4):357-63.

[21] Cushnie TP, Lamb AJ. (2005). Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 26(5):343-56.

[22] Higdon J, Drake VJ, Delage B, Crozier A. (2016). Flavonoids. Oregon State University, available online from https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/flavonoids [Accessed Jul 27, 2018]

[23] Flavonoids. (2018). World’s Healthiest Foods. Available online from http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=nutrient&dbid=119 [Accessed Jul 27, 2018]

[24] Kim K, Vance TM, Chun OK (2016). Estimated intake and major food sources of flavonoids among US adults: changes between 1999-2002 and 2007-2010 in NHANES. Eur J Nutr, 55(2):833-843.

[25] McKay DL, Blumberg JB. (2002). The role of tea in human health: an update. J Am Coll Nutr, 21(1):1-13.

[26] Chacko SM, Thambi PT, Kuttan R, Nishigaki I. (2010). Beneficial effects of green tea: A literature review. Chinese Medicine, 5:13.

[27] Wilson DR. (2017). The Potential Health Benefits of Rutin. Healthline.com, available online from https://www.healthline.com/health/potential-benefits-of-rutin/ [Accessed Jul 27, 2018]

[28] Li Y, Yao J, Han C, et al. (2016). Quercetin, Inflammation and Immunity. Nutrients, 8(3):167.

[29] Li BQ, Fu T, Gong WH, Dunlop N, Kung H, Yan Y, Kang J, Wang JM. (2000). The flavonoid baicalin exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by binding to chemokines. Immunopharmacology, 49(3):295-306.

[30] Wang F, Xu Z, Ren L, Tsang SY, Xue H. (2008). GABA A receptor subtype selectivity underlying selective anxiolytic effect of baicalin. Neuropharmacology, 55(7):1231-7

[31] Ma Y, Yang F, Wang Y, Du Z, Liu D, Guo H, Shen J, Peng H. (2012). CaMKKβ is involved in AMP-activated protein kinase activation by baicalin in LKB1 deficient cell lines. PLoS One, 7(10):e47900.

The post Vitamin P – Bioflavonoids: How They Can Help You & Top 5 Food Sources appeared first on LiftMode Blog. Vitamin P – Bioflavonoids: How They Can Help You & Top 5 Food Sources published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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Yohimbine Side Effects and Warnings – Is it a Safe Supplement?

Yohimbine HCl is a powerful energizing and focussing naturally-occurring supplement. It is often used to support sexual vitality and is sometimes included in weight loss programs as an addition to a healthy diet and exercise routine.

Although it is very popular, this supplement is not without a potential for adverse effects, especially at large serving sizes. The best way to avoid the risk of experiencing negative effects is to stick to the serving suggestion.

In this article, we examine the most common Yohimbine side effects and take a closer look at potential warnings to bear in mind when taking this supplement.

Introduction – What is Yohimbine HCl?

Yohimbine HCl is a powerful naturally-occurring compound found in the bark of the evergreen Yohimbe tree (Pausinystalia johimbe), endemic to Central Africa. It is sometimes referred to as a ‘herbal remedy’ or Yohimbe bark and has a long history of use in traditional African medicine as a remedy for weight loss and for supporting men’s sexual health.[1]

In the United States, Yohimbine is approved by the FDA as a dietary supplement. It affects receptors in the brain called ‘alpha-2-adrenergic receptors’, which promotes an increase in dopamine, norepinephrine, and nitric oxide levels throughout the body.[2] Most people use Yohimbine for one of two benefits: either to help support a healthy metabolism (as part of a weight loss program), or to support sexual vitality. There is evidence to support both these claims.[3]

For example, in 2006, a study examined this supplement’s effects on athletes (top-level soccer players), in terms of changes in body mass, muscle mass, performance indicators, and body fat percentage. Although there were no changes in the other outcomes, the group receiving Yohimbine recorded a noticeable reduction in both body fat percentage and total fat mass, significantly more than the placebo group.[4]

In a 1998 clinical review, researchers systematically reviewed all the publications up to that date about this supplement’s effects on men’s sexual vitality, to try to determine both its efficacy and its safety. They found that, on average, Yohimbine HCl was significantly better than placebo at supporting men’s sexual health (with a 95% confidence interval), and that serious adverse reactions were both rare and reversible.[5]

Check Out Our Range of Yohimbine HCl

Yohimbine Side Effects - What are they?

Despite its popularity, it is important to stress that Yohimbine is a very powerful compound, and needs to be used responsibly. In its original use as a natural remedy, the traditional healer – ‘sangoma’ – would crush the Yohimbine bark and add it to a mixture of a variety of different herbs and natural plant medicines. This mixture would then be used as a plant remedy. Today, the active compound in the Yohimbe bark (Yohimbine HCl) is sold as a 98+% pure powder. Its strength and potency are far superior to what was used in traditional medicine, years ago.

According to WebMD.com, a good online source for information on supplements, the possible side effects from a typical Yohimbine HCl 98% supplement may include: “stomach upset, excitation, tremor, sleep problems, anxiety or agitation, high blood pressure, a racing heartbeat, dizziness, stomach problems, drooling, sinus pain, irritability, headache, frequent urination, bloating, rash, nausea, and vomiting.”[6]

In 2010, a retrospective review was published, examining all the recorded cases of Yohimbine-related adverse effects, reported to the California Poison Control System. The study found that, for the seven-year period examined (2000 – 2006), a total of 238 cases were identified. This comes to around 34 per year. The adverse effects reported included (in order of prevalence):

gastrointestinal effects

tachycardia (abnormal heart rate)

anxiety/agitation

hypertension (high blood pressure).

Importantly, the above study examined all cases where a “yohimbine-containing product” was ingested – meaning that someone could have been taking a ‘supplement stack’ (containing more than one compound, potentially causing dangerous interactions). In fact, just under 60% of the cases involved people using supplement stacks that included other ingredients, including stimulants like caffeine and ephedrine. 7 of the 238 cases were reported as ‘serious’.[7]

Can You Overdose on Yohimbine HCl?

In short, yes. You can overdose on Yohimbine by consuming servings that are far larger than those recommended by experts and by reputable vendors.

In 2011, a journal article published in the Journal of Dietary Supplements presented a case study of an otherwise healthy 24-year-old man, who had ingested a single 300mg serving of Yohimbine HCl (around 18x the maximum recommended serving size). He was admitted to hospital with high blood pressure and heart rate, as well as anxiety and agitation. At a follow-up examination, one week later, he was back to ‘healthy’ status.[8]

In 2009, a man was admitted to hospital with severe neurotoxic effects, after consuming over 5000mg of Yohimbine. When he first arrived at the hospital, he had a blood serum concentration of 5,240 ng/mL Yohimbine. He experienced seizures, vomiting, and loss of consciousness, with significantly raised blood pressure and heart rate. The patient was treated with a number of medications. Twelve hours later, he had recovered and was alert and orientated.[9]

In 2013, a review was published examining two cases of fatal overdoses after Yohimbine use. In two separate cases, a 23-year-old bodybuilder and a 37-year-old man on a weight-loss program died after ingesting excessive amounts of Yohimbine. Their blood serum levels were 7’400 and 5’400 ng/mL, respectively, indicating that they consumed serving sizes similar to, or greater than, the above study.[10]

Yohimbine Warnings

There are several warnings regarding Yohimbine interactions with medication and with other dietary supplements.

Yohimbine may increase the erectile effects of PDE-5 inhibitors like Viagra. Do not use these products together.[11]

Yohimbine may interact adversely with appetite-suppressing pharmaceuticals, including Sibutramine.[12]

Animal studies recorded interactions when used alongside stimulants like caffeine and ephedrine.[13] It may also interact with pharmaceuticals used for attention problems, like methylphenidate. Do not use these products together.[14]

Both alcohol and Yohimbine increase norepinephrine levels in the brain, and it is not recommended to consume these two substances at the same time.[15]

IF YOU ARE TAKING ANY MEDICATION, PLEASE SPEAK TO YOUR DOCTOR BEFORE USING THIS SUPPLEMENT.

Furthermore, this supplement may be unsafe for people with the following medical conditions:

Bleeding conditions.

Schizophrenia or psychosis

Post-traumatic stress disorder

Anxiety or depression

Liver, kidney, or heart disease

Diabetes

Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

If you have any underlying medical conditions, please consult with your physician before using Yohimbine HCl supplements, or any supplement that contains Yohimbine. [7]

How to Use Yohimbine HCl Safely

Despite the possibility of experiencing adverse effects, many people enjoy the benefits of Yohimbine and manage to use this supplement safely and without any significant health issues. Its benefits for supporting sexual vitality improved energy levels, and when used in addition to a healthy diet and exercise program for fat loss are considered, by many people, to be great and worthwhile.

The most important aspect of using this supplement safely is to stick to the recommended serving size. This recommendation is there for your own safety and is compiled by examining the available human studies on this supplement. Exceeding the serving suggestion will not improve Yohimbine’s benefits, but will certainly increase the risk of experiencing negative effects.

For a 98% pure supplement, the recommended serving size is 1-4 servings of 4mg, taken no more than twice daily. Always start by using the smallest recommendation, and see how your body reacts. Some people are more tolerant and some people are more sensitive to different supplements. There is no way to know how you’ll feel before you’ve tried it, so always start with a smaller serving.

The same goes for supplement stacks that contain Yohimbine. These are certainly not all, by definition, unsafe. Again, what’s important is to stick to the recommended serving size. Be sure to read the ingredients list of the stack and before making a decision on how much to use. If the recommended serving size for the stack exceeds 16mg of Yohimbine, think twice before using.

Check Out Our Range of Yohimbine HCl

Is all Yohimbine the same?

A final, key aspect of Yohimbine safety is making sure that you purchase the supplement from a well-known and reputable vendor.

A 2015 study analysed 49 different brands of supplements selling Yohimbine, as pure or in a supplement stack. Of these, only 22% listed a specific quantity on the label. Of the 22% that listed an amount, most were labelled incorrectly, with the actual Yohimbine content differing from what was labelled by 77% less - 147% more.

Furthermore, only 18% of the brands provided any information to consumers about the potential health effects of the supplement.[16] For the points above, it can be difficult to standardize a Yohimbine extract (for example, 1:4 extract) to an exact amount, as a result of variability in alkaloid concentrations in the plant. As a result, most reputable vendors use highly purified Yohimbine, to allow for standardization.

It’s important to note that purification is not the same thing as adulteration. Purified products are, by many standards, safer than raw plant extracts, because the user is able to be aware of exactly what they’re consuming, and exactly how much to take. It just means that the product needs to be used responsibly.

Conclusion - What are the key Yohimbine Side Effects?

In summary, Yohimbine HCl is a powerful naturally-occurring compound extracted from the bark of the Central African Yohimbe tree. Its benefits include an increase in energy and mental focus, support for sexual vitality, and support for a healthy metabolism. Some people use this supplement in addition to a healthy diet and exercise program, to assist with weight loss.

This supplement is associated with a number of potential side effects, even at the recommended serving size. These can include nausea, upset stomach, dizziness, difficulty sleeping, irritability, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, anxiety, rash, and frequent urination. In addition, excessively large servings are associated with a risk of overdose which can, in rare cases, be fatal.

The most point of this article is to remind Yohimbine users to treat this supplement with care and to use responsibly. Many people around the world manage to use this great naturally-occurring compound to their benefit and do not experience adverse effects. It is important to start by using a smaller serving size, and seeing how your body responds. To avoid adverse effects, do not exceed the recommended serving suggestion. Furthermore, make sure you purchase this supplement from well-known vendors with a good reputation. <

Check Out Our Range of Yohimbine HCl

References:

[1] Kotta S, Ansari SH, Ali J. Exploring scientifically proven herbal aphrodisiacs. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2013;7(13):1-10.

[2] Millan MJ, Newman-Tancredi A, Audinot V, Cussac D, Lejeune F, Nicolas JP, Cogé F, Galizzi JP, Boutin JA, Rivet JM, Dekeyne A, Gobert A. Agonist and antagonist actions of yohimbine as compared to fluparoxan at alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors (AR)s, serotonin (5-HT)(1A), 5-HT(1B), 5-HT(1D) and dopamine D(2) and D(3) receptors. Significance for the modulation of frontocortical monoaminergic transmission and depressive states. Synapse. 2000 Feb;35(2):79-95.

[3] Yohimbine. Examine.com, available online from https://examine.com/supplements/yohimbine/ [Accessed July 17th, 2018]

[4] Ostojic SM. Yohimbine: the effects on body composition and exercise performance in soccer players. Res Sports Med. 2006 Oct-Dec;14(4):289-99.

[5] Ernst E, Pittler MH. Yohimbine for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Urol. 1998 Feb;159(2):433-6.

[6] Yohimbine. WebMD.com, available online from https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-759/yohimbe [Accessed July 17, 2018]

[7] Kearney T, Tu N, Haller C. Adverse drug events associated with yohimbine-containing products: a retrospective review of the California Poison Control System reported cases. Ann Pharmacother. 2010 Jun;44(6):1022-9

[8] Cimolai N, Cimolai T. Yohimbine use for physical enhancement and its potential toxicity. J Diet Suppl. 2011 Dec;8(4):346-54.

[9] Giampreti A, Lonati D, Locatelli C, Rocchi L, Campailla MT. Acute neurotoxicity after yohimbine ingestion by a body builder. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009 Sep;47(8):827-9

[10] Anderson C, Anderson D, Harre N, Wade N. Case study: two fatal case reports of acute yohimbine intoxication. J Anal Toxicol. 2013 Oct;37(8):611-4.

[11] Senbel AM, Mostafa T. Yohimbine enhances the effect of sildenafil on erectile process in rats. Int J Impot Res. 2008 Jul-Aug;20(4):409-17.

[12] Jordan J, Sharma AM. Potential for sibutramine-yohimbine interaction? Lancet. 2003 May 24;361(9371):1826.

[13] Waluga M, Janusz M, Karpel E, Hartleb M, Nowak A. Cardiovascular effects of ephedrine, caffeine and yohimbine measured by thoracic electrical bioimpedance in obese women. Clin Physiol. 1998 Jan;18(1):69-76.

[14] Gronier B. In vivo electrophysiological effects of methylphenidate in the prefrontal cortex: involvement of dopamine D1 and alpha 2 adrenergic receptors. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011 Feb;21(2):192-204.

[15] Schuckit MA. Subjective responses to alcohol in sons of alcoholics and control subjects. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984 Sep;41(9):879-84.

[16] Cohen PA, Wang YH, Maller G, DeSouza R, Khan IA. Pharmaceutical quantities of yohimbine found in dietary supplements in the USA. Drug Test Anal. 2016 Mar-Apr;8(3-4):357-69.

The post Yohimbine Side Effects and Warnings – Is it a Safe Supplement? appeared first on LiftMode Blog. Yohimbine Side Effects and Warnings – Is it a Safe Supplement? published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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LiftMode’s Mood-Lifting Stack Advice – How to Combine Supplements for Best Results

In this article, we explore the best supplement combinations to create the ultimate Mood-Lifting stack. We often get questions about which supplements go well together, which is why we’re addressing it in this blog post! Read on, as we examine TWELVE of our favourite Mood-Lifting stacks, why they work well together, and how best to take them.

Our Mood-Lifting supplements are well-known for their effectiveness, having all undergone multiple trials and studies to assess their safety and efficacy. Nevertheless, there’s always room for improvement, and a supplement stack is one great way to boost the mood-lifting, stress-reducing, or sleep-promoting benefits of these top natural supplements.

1. 5-HTP - Griffonia simplicifolia extract

5-HTP is the biochemical precursor for serotonin, a brain hormone and neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood and many biological processes including sleep, appetite, memory, learning capacity, sex drive, circulatory system, immune system, endocrine system, and muscle tone.[1] Serotonin is also the key hormone involved in supporting a happy mood.[2]

5-HTP supplements are often extracted from the leaves and flowers of the Griffonia simplicifolia plant, an African shrub that contains high concentrations of the neurotransmitter precursor. Studies have shown that 5-HTP supplements are effective at improving mood and subjective feelings of well-being, while simultaneously reducing stress.[3] Some people also use 5-HTP to reduce their intake of food because it can increase feelings of satiety (fullness) when taken with a meal.[4]

The recommended serving size for 5-HTP is 50 – 100mg, taken 1-3 times per day. Side effects can include gastrointestinal effects like nausea and stomach cramps when used taken in large servings. It is not recommended to take this supplement if you are on any medication, and especially not with antidepressants or SSRIs due to the risk of dangerous interactions.[5]

Goes Well With:

DL-Phenylalanine: Another of our top mood-lifting supplements, this combination of D- and L-Phenylalanine is effective at increasing levels of dopamine in the brain.[6] It makes a great stack when taken alongside 5-HTP because the two help to balance serotonin and dopamine levels in the brain.

Green Tea Extract: An extract of the ‘world’s healthiest drink’. Rich in plant polyphenols and catechins, including the well-known EGCG. Studies have shown that EGCG inhibits an enzyme in the stomach called dopamine decarboxylase, which allows greater concentrations of 5-HTP to reach the brain.[7] [8]

Oleamide: A functional fatty acid involved in the natural process of sleep-promotion. Oleamide is known for its benefits in promoting relaxation, reducing stress, and improving mood.[9] These benefits certainly complement 5-HTP, and the two supplements make a great stack for improving sleep!

2. DL-Phenylalanine

DL-Phenylalanine is a 50/50 combination of both the naturally-occurring L-Phenylalanine and the synthetic D-Phenylalanine, both mirror images of the same compound. L-Phenylalanine is an amino acid found in protein-rich foods and is one of the building blocks of proteins.[10] D-Phenylalanine also occurs naturally but is more often synthesized as this is easier than natural extraction techniques. It was originally thought to have the potential to be developed as an analgesic (pain-relief substance).[11]

When taken as a dietary supplement, DL-Phenylalanine is known for its effectiveness in helping to support a healthy mood, to reduce feelings of stress[12], and to boost natural energy levels through its effects on catecholamines (including dopamine and epinephrine).[13] Some studies have also pointed to possible benefits for cognitive performance[14] and to help reduce physical feelings of pain.[15]

The recommended serving size for DL-Phenylalanine is 100 - 500mg daily, which can be separated into several smaller servings if required. Side effects may include heartburn, nausea, and headaches as well as increased blood pressure.[16] Importantly, people with the rare medical condition called phenylketonuria (PKU) should never take Phenylalanine supplements (or aspartame sweetener).

Goes Well With:

GABA: The body’s primary ‘depressant’ hormone which helps to reduce signals from the Central Nervous System to promote calm and relaxation. Research suggests that D-Phenylalanine while improving dopamine levels, may inhibit the natural release of GABA.[17] Using a GABA supplement is a good way to counteract this effect!

L-Theanine: Found in high concentrations in tea, this amino acid-like compound is a great addition to DL-Phenylalanine for its ability to assist with stress-reduction.[18] As with DL-Phenylalanine, studies have shown that L-Theanine may have the potential to help with cognitive performance.[19]

Hordenine: A powerful natural compound found in the Bitter Orange fruit, Hordenine is often taken as an energizing and mood-lifting supplement. Its effects include temporarily inhibiting the breakdown of dopamine.[20] Since DL-Phenylalanine boosts dopamine levels, the two are thought to make a good match!

3. L-Tryptophan

L-Tryptophan is an essential amino acid found in protein-rich foods. The human body cannot produce it, which is why it is called “essential”. In terms of its role in the body, Tryptophan is involved in protein synthesis, as well as the production of niacin (vitamin D3) and serotonin.[21] When taken as a dietary supplement, a portion of L-Tryptophan is converted into 5-HTP, which is then converted into serotonin.[22]

Some people prefer using this supplement over 5-HTP because it reportedly has less potential to cause gastrointestinal side-effects. It can be used to help boost your mood, to reduce stress, and to promote healthy sleep at night.[23] Some studies show that Tryptophan supplements may be effective in supporting cognitive function[24], and to suppress appetite – particularly for carbohydrate-rich foods.[25]

The recommended serving size for this supplement is 500 – 1000 mg, taken 1-2 times per day. It is not recommended to exceed the suggested serving size as this may cause gastrointestinal side effects like nausea and cramps.[26] Do not use this supplement if you are taking any antidepressant or SSRI medication, as there may be a risk of dangerous interactions.

Goes Well With:

Melatonin: As the body’s natural sleep-promoting hormone, Melatonin is a great supplement to help reduce the time taken to fall asleep.[27] We recommend combining these two for a synergistic natural sleep stack.

Synephrine: A well-known dietary supplement and one of the key active compounds in the Bitter Orange. Synephrine is known to confer a powerful boost in physical energy[28], which goes well with L-Tryptophan’s cognitive support. Together, the two may also be used to support a healthy metabolism and reduce appetite.[29]

Choline bitartrate: Another fantastic natural dietary supplement to help support cognitive function.[30] Choline occurs in high concentrations in protein-rich foods like meat, eggs, and fish, and Choline supplements are often recommended for vegans and vegetarians.

4. Rhodiola Rosea

Rhodiola Rosea is a herbal extract with a long history of use in traditional medicine in the Northern hemisphere, especially in the cold climates of northern Asia and Scandinavia. It is best known for its effects on fatigue and stress – a powerful ‘adaptogen’ that helps to naturally fight fatigue, boost energy levels and improve mood.[31]

Several clinical studies have been conducted to elucidate this herbal extract’s effects on mood. In one such study, its effects on 89 participants were assessed in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, using parallel groups over 6 weeks. The results showed that a serving size of between 340 – 680 mg/day was effective at improving mood and sleep.[32]

The recommended serving size is between 300 – 680 mg daily, and contains high levels of salidroside and rosavins – the active phytochemicals in Rhodiola extract. Side effects are generally unreported when used at the recommended serving size. However, WebMD suggests side effects of large servings may include agitation, insomnia, anxiety, and occasional headaches.[33]

Goes Well With:

Caffeine + L-Theanine: The combination of Caffeine with L-Theanine has been found to be more effective than using either alone, for supporting cognitive performance.[34] Together, they also provide the user with a noticeable boost in energy, which complements Rhodiola’s effects greatly.

5-HTP: Mentioned above, 5-HTP is one of our favourite mood-lifting supplements. Combining 5-HTP with Rhodiola is a great way to boost its adaptogen effects, to help reduce feelings of stress and to improve mood.

Magnolia Bark Extract: Rich in alkaloids like Honokiol and Magnolol, the effects of this ancient plant extract are well-established in their ability to promote relaxation and feelings of calm, while also reducing stress[35] – a perfect complement to Rhodiola!

Conclusion

In summary, these four top mood-lifting supplements, including 5-HTP, L-Tryptophan, DL-Phenylalanine, and Rhodiola Rosea extract, are both highly effective when taken alone and also when taken in combination with complementary supplements in a stack. The term ‘stacking’ refers to taking multiple supplements in combination, which can be a great way to boost their benefits and help improve the effects you are seeking.

WARNING AND DISCLAIMER: It’s important to treat supplement stacks with care. Some supplements, when taken together, can potentiate (increase) the effects of others. Always use the lowest serving size recommended when taking supplement stacks to assess how your body feels. Everyone is different and what works for one person may be too strong for another.

References:

[1] Mohammad-Zadeh LF, Moses L, Gwaltney-Brant SM. Serotonin: a review. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Jun;31(3):187-99.

[2] Young SN, Leyton M. The role of serotonin in human mood and social interaction. Insight from altered tryptophan levels. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002 Apr;71(4):857-65.

[3] Hinz M, Stein A, Uncini T. 5-HTP efficacy and contraindications. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2012;8:323-328.

[4] Rondanelli M, Opizzi A, Faliva M, Bucci M, Perna S. Relationship between the absorption of 5-hydroxytryptophan from an integrated diet, by means of Griffonia simplicifolia extract, and the effect on satiety in overweight females after oral spray administration. Eat Weight Disord. 2012 Mar;17(1):e22-8.

[5] 5-HTP. WebMD.com, available online from https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-794/5-htp [Accessed Jul 13, 2018]

[6] DL-Phenylalanine. Compound Summary for CID 994. PubChem Open Chemistry Database, available online from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/dl-phenylalanine [Accessed Jul 13, 2018]

[7] Bertoldi M, Gonsalvi M, Voltattorni CB. Green tea polyphenols: novel irreversible inhibitors of dopa decarboxylase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Jun 1;284(1):90-3.

[8] Orlefors H, Sundin A, Lu L, Oberg K, Långström B, Eriksson B, Bergström M. Carbidopa pretreatment improves image interpretation and visualisation of carcinoid tumours with 11C-5-hydroxytryptophan positron emission tomography. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2006 Jan;33(1):60-5. Epub 2005 Sep 24.

[9] Boger DL, Henriksen SJ, Cravatt BF. Oleamide: an endogenous sleep-inducing lipid and prototypical member of a new class of biological signaling molecules. Curr Pharm Des. 1998 Aug;4(4):303-14.

[10] Phenylalanine. Compound Summary for CID 6140. PubChem Open Chemistry Database, available online from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/L-phenylalanine [Accessed Jul 13, 2018]

[11] D-Phenylalanine. Compound Summary for CID 71567. PubChem Open Chemistry Database, available online from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/D-phenylalanine [Accessed Jul 13, 2018]

[12] Beckmann H, Strauss MA, Ludolph E. Dl-phenylalanine in depressed patients: an open study. J Neural Transm. 1977;41(2-3):123-34.

[13] Hashimoto H, Nakajima T, Nishimura T, Kudo Y, Takeda Y, Nakao M, Kanaya H, Horiguchi Y.

Metabolism of D-phenylalanine and its effects on concentrations of brain monoamines and amino acids in rats--a basic study on possibility of clinical use of D-phenylalanine as an antidepressant. Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn. 1983;37(2):137-44.

[14] Roiser JP, McLean A, Ogilvie AD, et al. The Subjective and Cognitive Effects of Acute Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Depletion in Patients Recovered from Depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2005;30(4):775-785.

[15] Walsh NE, Ramamurthy S, Schoenfeld L, Hoffman J. Analgesic effectiveness of D-phenylalanine in chronic pain patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1986 Jul;67(7):436-9.

[16] Phenylalanine, WebMD.com, available online from https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-653/phenylalanine [Accessed Jul 13, 2018]

[17] Blum K, Febo M, Fahlke C, et al. Hypothesizing Balancing Endorphinergic and Glutaminergic Systems to Treat and Prevent Relapse to Reward Deficiency Behaviors: Coupling D-Phenylalanine and N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) as a Novel Therapeutic Modality. Clinical medical reviews and case reports. 2015;2(8):076.

[18] Kimura K, Ozeki M, Juneja LR, Ohira H. L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses. Biol Psychol. 2007 Jan;74(1):39-45. Epub 2006 Aug 22.

[19] Kahathuduwa CN, Dassanayake TL, Amarakoon AMT, Weerasinghe VS. Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attention. Nutr Neurosci. 2017 Jul;20(6):369-377.

[20] Barwell CJ1, Basma AN, Lafi MA, Leake LD. Deamination of hordenine by monoamine oxidase and its action on vasa deferentia of the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1989 Jun;41(6):421-3.

[21] Richard DM, Dawes MA, Mathias CW, Acheson A, Hill-Kapturczak N, Dougherty DM. L-Tryptophan: Basic Metabolic Functions, Behavioral Research and Therapeutic Indications. International Journal of Tryptophan Research : IJTR. 2009;2:45-60.

[22] Steenbergen L, Jongkees BJ, Sellaro R, Colzato LS. Tryptophan supplementation modulates social behavior: A review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 May;64:346-58.

[23] Jenkins TA, Nguyen JCD, Polglaze KE, Bertrand PP. Influence of Tryptophan and Serotonin on Mood and Cognition with a Possible Role of the Gut-Brain Axis. Nutrients. 2016;8(1):56.

[24] Riedel WJ, Klaassen T, Schmitt JA. Tryptophan, mood, and cognitive function. Brain Behav Immun. 2002 Oct;16(5):581-9.

[25] Heine W, Radke M, Wutzke KD. The significance of tryptophan in human nutrition. Amino Acids. 1995 Sep;9(3):91-205.

[26] L-Tryptophan, WebMD.com, available online from https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-326/l-tryptophan [Accessed Jul 13, 2018]

[27] Ferracioli-Oda E, Qawasmi A, Bloch MH. Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. PLoS One. 2013 May 17;8(5):e63773

[28] Ratamess NA, Bush JA, Kang J, Kraemer WJ, Stohs SJ, Nocera VG, Leise MD, Diamond KB, Faigenbaum AD. The effects of supplementation with P-Synephrine alone and in combination with caffeine on resistance exercise performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015 Sep 17;12:35

[29] Stohs SJ. Safety, Efficacy, and Mechanistic Studies Regarding Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) Extract and p‐Synephrine. Phytotherapy Research. 2017;31(10):1463-1474.

[30] Poly C, Massaro JM, Seshadri S, Wolf PA, Cho E, Krall E, Jacques PF, Au R. The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Dec;94(6):1584-91.

[31] Ishaque S, Shamseer L, Bukutu C, Vohra S. Rhodiola rosea for physical and mental fatigue: a systematic review. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012;12:70.

[32] Darbinyan V, Aslanyan G, Amroyan E, Gabrielyan E, Malmström C, Panossian A. Clinical trial of Rhodiola rosea L. extract SHR-5 in the treatment of mild to moderate depression. Nord J Psychiatry. 2007;61(5):343-8.

[33] Rhodiola, WebMD.com, available online from https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-883/rhodiola [Accessed Jul 13, 2018]

[34] Giesbrecht T, Rycroft JA, Rowson MJ, De Bruin EA. The combination of L-theanine and caffeine improves cognitive performance and increases subjective alertness. Nutr Neurosci. 2010 Dec;13(6):283-90.

[35] Rempel V, Fuchs A, Hinz S, et al. Magnolia Extract, Magnolol, and Metabolites: Activation of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors and Blockade of the Related GPR55. ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 2013;4(1):41-45.

The post LiftMode’s Mood-Lifting Stack Advice – How to Combine Supplements for Best Results appeared first on LiftMode Blog. LiftMode’s Mood-Lifting Stack Advice – How to Combine Supplements for Best Results published first on https://liftmode.blogspot.com/

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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What is Piperine? The secret component in Black Pepper Extract

Piperine is the active component of black pepper and is responsible for the pungent smell and flavour of the spice.[1] It occurs in pepper at a concentration of around 5 – 10%. As a dietary supplement, Piperine is well-known for its ability to inhibit a process called glucuronidation, where enzymes in the liver add a chemical tag to foreign substances to mark them for excretion.

By preventing glucuronidation and by increasing the time taken to pass through the intestines, Piperine helps to improve the bioavailability of many dietary supplements. It is never a good idea to use Piperine with medication because of how it affects metabolism in the liver.

A Brief History of Pepper

Black pepper has been used by human societies for at least 4000 years, with the earliest recordings of its use occurring in India.[2] Importantly, the lost city of Muziris in the Indian region of Kerala is frequently mentioned in history books as an important place for the export of pepper.[3] Even thousands of years ago, black pepper was a frequently traded commodity and may even have been used as a form of currency in some cultures.

In ancient Egypt, black peppercorns were found in the nostrils of the mummified pharaoh Ramesses II.[4] It had been used in Greek and Roman cultures since around 30 BCE, where it was a highly valuable spice and was probably only available to the very wealthy.[5] In China, black pepper has been used for around two thousand years, although it was originally called ‘foreign pepper’ because China has its own unique species of pepper.

In terms of its use in traditional and folk medicine, records go back to around the 5th century, where it was believed to cure a large number of illnesses, including constipation, insomnia, abscesses, sunburn and toothaches, among others.[6] Some historians note that pepper was used to cure ailments of the eyes, by pouring remedies made from pepper directly into the eyes – a painful and ineffective medicine to say the least!

In modern times, black pepper is the world’s most traded spice and is common to dishes from every corner of the Earth. Vietnam is the world’s greatest producer of black pepper, producing around 34% of the global supply, with other major producers including Indonesia, India, and Brazil.[7] Recent interest in the nutritional qualities of black pepper has sparked a new wave of scientific research into its properties. Black pepper contains moderate concentrations of vitamin K, iron, manganese,[8] and - of course – Piperine!

What is Piperine? How it works in the body.

Piperine is the active biochemical component in Black pepper and was first isolated in 1819 by a scientist called Hans Christian Ørsted. [9]Although Piperine isn’t known for its benefits when taken alone, it is very useful for increasing the absorption and uptake of a variety of dietary supplements, especially Curcumin and green tea catechins.[10] It is known to increase the bioavailability of curcumin by up to 2000%![11]

So, this extract from the Piper nigrum spice is best used to improve the bioavailability of dietary supplements and other compounds that are usually difficult for the body to absorb. Piperine works to improve the absorption and uptake of dietary supplements in two key ways:

Click the icon to purchase high-quality Piperine

Inhibits phase 2 detoxification enzymes in the liver.[12] These enzymes are responsible for a biochemical process called ‘glucuronidation’, in which a chemical ‘tag’ is added to a foreign substance, which marks it and tells the liver to excrete it in urine. By preventing this ‘tagging’ process, Piperine allows supplements like curcumin and green tea catechins to be absorbed by the body before they’re removed by the liver.

Slows the rate of intestinal transit. This means that supplements spend a long time in the intestines, giving them more time to be better absorbed.[13] At larger serving sizes, there is evidence that Piperine can induce the secretion of more gastric acid, further assisting absorption in the intestines.[14]

Best Supplements to use with Piperine?

Since Piperine helps to increase the bioavailability of supplements, a natural question is: ‘what are the best supplements to take with Piperine?’. Unfortunately, not that many dietary supplements have been scientifically tested to see how much better they are absorbed when taken with Piperine. However, any supplement that is water soluble and that is metabolised in the liver should, theoretically, have an improved bioavailability when taken with black pepper extract.

Our list of the top supplements to take with Piperine includes:

Baicalin

A powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplement that helps to promote a healthy circulatory system and can be used for improved vitality, relaxation and well-being.

Green tea extract

A very powerful antioxidant supplement long known for its benefits on human health. Green tea is widely considered the world’s healthiest drink, and the potent active components help to strengthen the circulatory system and support a healthy metabolism.

Berberine HCl

Berberis aristrata extract has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for centuries, and recent clinical studies point to powerful anti-inflammatory effects. It is a great overall health-promoting supplement.

Magnolia Bark Extract

The extract from the bark of the Magnolia tree contains the alkaloids Magnolol and Honokiol, which both have powerful effects in the body. It helps to promote a calm, relaxed state of mind and to reduce stress.

Curcumin

Curcumin or turmeric extract is a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant phytochemical and is one of the active components of the Balinese health tonic Jamu, which is used to promote good health.

Warnings when Using Piperine

When taken at the recommended serving size, there is little evidence of any side effects from black pepper extract. Bear in mind though, it is a highly potent natural plant extract and should be taken responsibly. There have been limited studies on large servings, and it is not recommended to exceed the suggested serving size. There is limited research into safety for pregnant and nursing women. If you have any underlying medical conditions, speak to your doctor before using this supplement.

IMPORTANT: Piperine inhibits enzymes in the liver that are involved in the metabolism of exogenous substances. DO NOT USE THIS SUPPLEMENT WITH ANY MEDICATION. Piperine may have dangerous interactions with medication, and should never be taken with any medication. If you’ve used Piperine, do not take any medication that day. Please speak to your doctor before using this supplement if you are taking any medication.

What is Piperine? Conclusion.

In summary, Piperine is the key active compound in black pepper extract. Black pepper has been used for thousands of years as a spice and has a long history of use in traditional and folk medicine from around the world.

When taken as a dietary supplement, Piperine is best known for its ability to help improve the bioavailability of certain supplements. It prevents the action of detoxifying enzymes in the liver and may increase the time taken for supplements to pass through the intestines, allowing greater ability for absorption.

Piperine should never be used with medication since it has the potential to alter the way that medication is absorbed in the body. It is important to consult your doctor if you are pregnant, nursing, or have any underlying medical conditions, before using this supplement.

References:

[1] Beltrán LR, Dawid C, Beltrán M, et al. “The pungent substances piperine, capsaicin, 6-gingerol and polygodial inhibit the human two-pore domain potassium channels TASK-1, TASK-3 and TRESK.” Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2013;4:141. [2] Davidson, Alan (2002). Wilder Shores of Gastronomy: Twenty Years of the Best Food Writing from the Journal Petits Propos Culinaires. p.178. Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. ISBN 978-1-58008-417-8. [3] Rediscovering the ancient port city of Muziris. ET Bureau|Feb 19, 2017, 12.30 AM IST, available online from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/travel/rediscovering-the-ancient-port-city-of-muziris/articleshow/57226035.cms [4] Stephanie Fitzgerald (8 September 2008). Ramses II, Egyptian Pharaoh, Warrior, and Builder. Compass Point Books. p. 88. ISBN 0-7565-3836-X. Retrieved 29 January 2008. [5] “Pepper”, Nutritional Geography, available online from https://nutritionalgeography.faculty.ucdavis.edu/pepper/ [6] Singletary, K. “Black Pepper: Overview of Health Benefits”. Nutrition Today. Volume 45, Number 1, January/February, 2010 [7] “Pepper: The Most Important Spice in the World”, IPCNET – The International Pepper Community, available online from www.ipcnet.org/n/ipc/?path=ipc&page=his [8] “Black pepper”. World’s Healthiest Foods, available online from www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=74 [9] Gorgani, L. , Mohammadi, M. , Najafpour, G. D. and Nikzad, M. (2017). “Piperine—The Bioactive Compound of Black Pepper: From Isolation to Medicinal Formulations.” COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY. 16: 124-140. [10] Epstein W, Netz D, Seidel DL. “Isolation of piperine from black pepper.” Journal of Chemical Education. 1993 70 (7), 598. [11] Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB. “Recent Developments in Delivery, Bioavailability, Absorption and Metabolism of Curcumin: the Golden Pigment from Golden Spice.” Cancer Research and Treatment: Official Journal of Korean Cancer Association. 2014;46(1):2-18. [12] Han HK. “The effects of black pepper on the intestinal absorption and hepatic metabolism of drugs.” Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2011 Jun;7(6):721-9. [13] Bajad S, Bedi KL, Singla AK, Johri RK. “Piperine inhibits gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in rats and mice.” Planta Med. 2001 Mar;67(2):176-9. [14] Ononiwu IM, Ibeneme CE, Ebong OO. “Effects of piperine on gastric acid secretion in albino rats.” Afr J Med Med Sci. 2002 Dec;31(4):293-5.

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kimtowell · 7 years ago

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What is Rhodiola Rosea? The Anti-Fatigue Herb from the Arctic

Rhodiola is considered to be one of the world’s most effective adaptogen supplements – meaning that it helps the body to cope with stress and adapt to changes in the environment. It can also be used to support a healthy mood and to boost physical energy levels. In this article, we explore the question that so many people are asking: ‘What is Rhodiola Rosea?’.

A Brief History of Rhodiola Rosea

Rhodiola Rosea is a fascinating perennial, flowering plant that grows exclusively in the high latitudes of the world – in northern China, the Arctic regions, and in cold northern Europe and America. The first record of human use of this plant is dated back to 77 A.D. A well-known Greek botanist, Dioscorides, wrote about it in his famous book De Materia Medica. This is often considered one of the best books on the history of Greek and Roman medicine.[2]

Click on the image to purchase Rhodiola Rosea Extract

It was first called Rodia riza and was later renamed to Rhodiola Rosea by the famous Swiss taxonomist, Carolus Linnaeus, in the 18th century. He described it as being useful for ‘headaches and hernias’. Interestingly, it is now considered one of the most valuable crops in Alaska.[3] Throughout its history, this incredible plant has been used in traditional medicine in Russia, China, and Scandinavia. Its primary use was to ward off fatigue and help the body to cope with the stress of living in such cold climates. This is why it got its name is the “Golden Root”.[4]

Interestingly, people in Russia have been using Rhodiola Rosea extracts extensively for decades. The government has prescribed its used for soldiers, to increase stamina, and it has also been used for Russian Olympic athletes to improve physical performance since it is not on the list of banned substances. Nowadays, many Rhodiola-based compounds are sold in Russia and throughout Asia to improve physical and mental stamina.[5]

In the rest of the world, Rhodiola Rosea extract is sold online and in health stores as a dietary supplement. It has undergone a number of clinical studies to examine its effects in humans. It is best-known for its effective ability to ward off fatigue and boost physical energy but is also used as a supplement for mood and as a health-promoting supplement because of its powerful antioxidant effects.[6]

Check Out Our Range of Rhodiola Rosea

What is Rhodiola Rosea? How it works in the body.

When taken as a supplement, the active components in Rhodiola extract have a number of important effects in the body. The key biochemical mechanisms behind these benefits are still being studied. However, research has shown several key benefits when using this supplement. These include:

Prevents Physical Fatigue

Since researchers heard about the potential benefits of this amazing plant for reducing fatigue, decades ago, many clinical studies have been conducted on it to find out more about its potential. In a recent study, 56 healthy young doctors were given Rhodiola extract tablets and evaluated on their performance during night shift duty. The results showed a statistically significant reduction in fatigue over the two-week study.[7]

Reduces Stress

Rhodiola has long been known for its ability to reduce stress, and this was one of its most important benefits when it was used centuries ago in traditional Chinese medicine. In a recent study, over 1300 participants were given Rhodiola supplements at a serving size of 400 mg, for four weeks. At the completion of the study, the results pointed to: “clinically relevant improvements with regard to stress symptoms, disability, functional impairment and overall therapeutic effect.” In fact, positive benefits were seen after just 3 days! [8]

Boosts Cognitive Performance

Finally, people around the world are using this natural plant extract supplement for its ability to support healthy cognition and memory. In 2011, a review of the literature published on this subject indicated that there was sufficient evidence to make the claim that this supplement may have beneficial effects on physical performance, mental performance, and mood. However, the authors suggested that more research should be conducted to further verify these benefits.[9]

Many people use Rhodiola for studying and energy

What is an ‘Adaptogen’?

One of the best things about Rhodiola is that it works as a powerful ‘adaptogen’. But, what is an adaptogen? Adaptogens are substances that help the body better adapt to changes in the environment and cope with stress. Adaptogens also tend to have anti-fatigue benefits which increase the capacity for cognitive work and reduce mental and physical exhaustion.[10]

The word ‘adaptogen’ was first used by the Russian toxicologist Nikolay Lazarev in 1957, with reference to substances that increased the ‘state of non-specific resistance’. Later researchers coined new definitions of adaptogens, including this famous one:

“Adaptogenic substances are stated to have the capacity to normalize body functions and strengthen systems compromised by stress. They are reported to have a protective effect on health against a wide variety of environmental assaults and emotional conditions.”[11]

According to a recent study on these fascinating types of plants, the characteristics of reductions in mental and physical fatigue and a slight stimulating effect are common to all adaptogens. However, every adaptogen also has its own unique benefits in addition to the core adaptogenic benefits. This is what makes these type of plants so interesting to researchers. The top five plants listed as adaptogens include:

Rhodiola Rosea

Eleutherococcus senticosus (also known as Siberian Ginseng)

Schisandra chinensis (also known as the ‘five-flavour berry’)

Ginseng

Withania somnifera (also known as Ashwagandha or Indian Ginseng)[12]

Check Out Our Range of Rhodiola Rosea

Warnings when Using Rhodiola Rosea

Rhodiola is considered to be a very safe dietary supplement. As an adaptogen, it helps your body to cope with environmental stress such as cold weather and helps to prevent physical and mental fatigue. According to most studies, only very mild side effects are experienced in some people – like slight dizziness and headaches, at large servings.[13]

If you have any underlying medical conditions, it is recommended that you first consult with a doctor before using this supplement. Rhodiola affects chemicals your body in a way that could have adverse effects on people who suffer from low blood pressure, autoimmune disorders, or diabetes. There is also insufficient information about the safety of this supplement for pregnant and nursing women.[14]

What is Rhodiola Rosea? Conclusion.

So, what is Rhodiola Rosea extract? This exciting plant supplement grows in cold climates in the northern hemisphere and has a long history of use in traditional medicine. It was first used for its ability to help the body adapt to cold weather, and has since become known as one of the most important adaptogenic plants available today.

Rhodiola Rosea supplements can help to reduce physical and mental fatigue and to support healthy cognitive performance. This supplement can also be used to reduce feelings of stress, and to support a healthy body through its effective antioxidant effects. It is not recommended to use this supplement if you are on medication or have any underlying medical conditions, as it may interact with certain medications.

References:

[1] “Rhodiola rosea”, Examine.com, available online from https://examine.com/supplements/rhodiola-rosea/ [Accessed June 7, 2018] [2] Khanum F, AS Bawa, Singh B. “Rhodiola rosea: A Versatile Adaptogen.” Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. Volume4, Issue3 July 2005 Pages 55-62 [3] “The Soviet Military Secret That Could Become Alaska’s Most Valuable Crop” By Sarah Laskow, Slate Maganzine online, May 2015, available from http://www.slate.com/blogs/atlas_obscura/2015/05/21/rhodiola_rosea_is_a_soviet_plant_taking_hold_in_alaska.html [4] Khanna K, Mishra KP, Ganju L, Singh SB. “Golden root: A wholesome treat of immunity.” Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Mar;87:496-502. [5] “Before Steroids, Russians Secretly Studied Herbs.” By Kristina Johnson, National Geographic online, August 2016, available from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/people-and-culture/food/the-plate/2016/08/long-before-doping-scandals--russians-were-studying-performance-/ [6] Anilakumar Pooja KR, Khunam F, Bawa AS. “Phytoconstituents and antioxidant potency of Rhodiola rosea – A versatile adaptogen” Journal of Food Biochemistry 30(2):203 – 214. April 2006 [7] Darbinyan V, Kteyan A, Panossian A, Gabrielian E, Wikman G, Wagner H. “Rhodiola rosea in stress induced fatigue--a double blind cross-over study of a standardized extract SHR-5 with a repeated low-dose regimen on the mental performance of healthy physicians during night duty.” Phytomedicine. 2000 Oct;7(5):365-71.

[8] Edwards D, Heufelder A, Zimmermann A. “Therapeutic effects and safety of Rhodiola rosea extract WS® 1375 in subjects with life-stress symptoms--results of an open-label study.” Phytother Res. 2012 Aug;26(8):1220-5. [9] Hung SK, Perry R, Ernst E. “The effectiveness and efficacy of Rhodiola rosea L.: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.” Phytomedicine. 2011 Feb 15;18(4):235-44. [10] Panossian A, Wikman G. “Effects of Adaptogens on the Central Nervous System and the Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Their Stress—Protective Activity.” Pharmaceuticals. 2010;3(1):188-224. [11] “REFLECTION PAPER ON THE ADAPTOGENIC CONCEPT.” COMMITTEE ON HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS (HMPC). European Medicines Agency. London, 5 July 2007. [12] “Panossian, Alexander & H, Wagener. (2011). “Adaptogens. A Review of their History, Biological Activity, and Clinical Benefits.” Herbal Gram. 90. [13] Ishaque S, Shamseer L, Bukutu C, Vohra S. “Rhodiola rosea for physical and mental fatigue: a systematic review.” BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012;12:70. [14] “Rhodiola”. WebMD.com, available online from https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-883/rhodiola

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