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Difference Between Method and Function in Python

Difference Between methods and function in python

Python Functions – A Revision

Python function is a sequence of statements that execute in a certain order, given a name. They let us implement code reusability. When we talked about Python Functions, we talked about built-in and user-defined functions.

a. User-Defined Functions

Like any other programming language, Python lets us define our own functions. Let’s take an example.

>>> def add(a,b):

         return a+b

>>> add(3,-3)

0We call this function ‘add’. As expected, it adds two values, which it takes as arguments. When we call it with values -3 and 3, it returns 0. And as you can see, the ‘return’ statement returns a value from Python function.

These let us create a modular program, which in turn lets us make a change easily whenever we want to.

To learn more about functions, docstrings, and scope and lifetime, read up on Python Functions.

b. Built-in Functions

In our write-up on Python In-Built Functions, we discussed about 66 functions in brief. These are the functions that Python provides us with, and some of these, we see and use commonly. Let’s take a look at a program that uses some of these.

>>> def demofunc(a,b):

 """

//This function is to demonstrate a few built-in functions in Python

 """

 print("Begin")

 print(max(a,b))

 print(abs(a),abs(b))

 print(float(a),b)

 print(callable(a))

 print(hash(a),hash(b))

 print(len('ab'))

 print(type(a))

 for i in range(2,4): print(i)

>>> demofunc(2,3)

Begin

3

2 3

2.0 3

False

2 3

2

<class ‘int’>

2

3

>>> c=lambda :print("Hi")

>>> type(c)

<class ‘function’> Also see, python Lambda Expressions.

Python Methods – A Revision

Python method is like a function, except it is attached to an object. We call a method on an object, and it possibly makes changes to that object. A method, then, belongs to a class. Let’s take an example.

>>> class vehicle:

 def __init__(self,color):

   self.color=color

 def start(self):

   print("Starting engine")

 def showcolor(self):

   print(f"I am {self.color}")

>>> car=vehicle('black')

>>> car.start()

Starting engine

>>> car.showcolor()

I am black First, we defined class ‘vehicle’. Then, we created the object ‘car’ from this blueprint. Here, __init__() is a magic method that serves as a constructor for the class. Method start() and showcolor() let us do what we want to. Remember that Python method must have a parameter ‘self’ to allow them to refer to the current object.

Comparison Between Method and Function in Python

Now that we’ve revised the Python method and function, we can compare them. Let’s list down the major differences.

Python method is called on an object, unlike a function. In our example above, we call start() on the object ‘car’. Conversely, we call Python function quite generically- we don’t call it on any object. Since we call a method on an object, it can access the data within it.

A method may alter an object’s state, but Python function usually only operates on it, and then prints something or returns a value.

So, this was all about the Difference Between Method and Function in Python. Hope you like our explanation

Conclusion

After this discussion, we conclude that there’s a thin line between method and function in python with examples. The only major difference is that we call the Python method on an object, but it’s not the same with functions. Also, methods may modify an object; Python functions don’t.

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Qlik provides its customers with a wide range of products. Two such popular BI tools are QlikView and Qlik Sense. Some of you might be familiar with either or both tools. Although, both the tools are business intelligence platforms and more or less serve the same purpose, there are certain things that make them distinctly different from each other.

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https://data-flair.training/blogs/how-to-become-data-scientist-infographic/

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Being a NoSQL database, MongoDB has so many great features. These amazing features make this technology very unique and attractive

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Python Career Opportunities – Python Job Profiles

Python Jobs- Python Career Opportunities

Number of Python Jobs

While there’s a high demand and career opportunities for Python developers in India, the supply is really, really low. To testify this, we’ll take account of an HR professional statement. The professional was expected to recruit 10 programmers each for both Java and Python for a few projects. About a hundred good resumes flooded in for Java, but they received only 8 good ones for Python. So, while they had to go through a long process to filter out good candidates, with Python, they had no choice but to take those 8 candidates.

What does this tell us about the situation? Even though Python has really easy syntax, we really need more people in India to consider it. But then, this is what makes it a great opportunity for an Indian with the skills. When we talk about the number of jobs, there may not be too many for Python in India. But we have an excellent number of jobs per Python programmer. This a good news about Python Careers

Not very long ago, one of India’s unicorn software companies faced a dilemma. It had won a $200 million (Rs. 1200 crore) contract with a large US bank to develop an app store for them. But the company lacked enough dexterous Python programmers. Since Python was the best language for the project, it ended up paying thrice the billing amount to a group of freelance Python programmers in the US instead.

Job boards like Indeed and Naukri offer around 20,000 to 50,000 job listings for Python and this shows that Python career opportunities in India are High. Python Careers are good to go with. The below screenshot from indeed job trends shows job trends in Python compared to other languages.

Python Career Opportunities – Python job Trends

Source: Indeed Job Trends

Types of Python Jobs

So what types of jobs can you land with Python?

Well, for one, Python Scope is intensive use in data science and analysis. Clients often want hidden patterns extracted from their data pools. It is also preferred in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Data scientists love Python. Also, in our article on Applications of Python, we read about NumPy, SciPy, scikit-learn, pandas, IPython notebook. These are some useful libraries available for Python, and they let us explore the advanced areas of Python and different Python career opportunities

.

Python Career Opportunities – Python Careers

a. Job Profiles:

With Python on your resume, you may end up with one of the following positions in a reputed company:

i. Software Engineer

Analyze user requirements

Write and test code

Write operational documentation

Consult clients and work closely with other staff

Develop existing programs

ii. Senior Software Engineer

Develop high-quality software architecture

Automate tasks via scripting and other tools

Review and debug code

Perform validation and verification testing

Implement version control and design patterns

iii. DevOps Engineer

Deploy updates and fixes

Analyze and resolve technical issues

Design procedures for maintenance and troubleshooting

Develop scripts to automate visualization

Deliver Level 2 technical support

iv. Data Scientist

Identify data sources and automate collection

Preprocess data & analyze it to discover trends

Design predictive models and ML algorithms

Perform data visualization

Propose solutions to business challenges

v. Senior Data Scientist

Supervise junior data analysts

Build analytical tools to generate insight, discover patterns, and predict behavior

Implement ML and statistics-based algorithms

Propose ideas for leveraging possessed data

Communicate findings to business partners

 Future of Python

In our write-up on Applications of Python, we saw where Python finds its use. But what about the future? While many top companies are stuck with Java, Python is one of the new technologies. The future is bright for Python with:

Python Career Opportunities – Python Future

a. Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence is the intelligence displayed by machines. This is in contrast to the natural intelligence displayed by humans and other animals. It is one of the new technologies taking over the world. When it’s about AI, Python is one of the first choices; in fact, it is one of the most-suited languages for it.

For this purpose, we have different frameworks, libraries, and tools dedicated to let AI replace human efforts. Not only does it help with that, but it also raises efficiency and accuracy. AI gives us speech recognition systems, autonomous cars, and so. The following tools and libraries ship for these branches of AI:

Machine Learning- PyML, PyBrain, scikit-learn,  MDP Toolkit, GraphLab Create, MIPy

General AI- pyDatalog, AIMA, EasyAI, SimpleAI

Neural Networks- PyAnn, pyrenn, ffnet, neurolab

Natural Language and Text Processing- Quepy, NLTK, genism

b. Big Data

Big Data is the term for data sets so voluminous and complex that traditional data-processing application software are inadequate in dealing with them.

Python has helped Big Data grow, its libraries allow us to analyze large amount of data across clusters:

Pandas

scikit-learn

NumPy

SciPy

GraphLab Create

IPython

Bokeh

Agate

PySpark

Dask

c. Networking

Python also lets us configure routers and switches, and lets us perform other network-automation tasks cost-effectively. For this, we have the following libraries:

Ansible

Netmiko

NAPALM(Network Automation and Programmability Abstraction Layer with Multivendor Support)

Pyeapi

Junos PyEZ

PySNM

Paramiko SSH

All these technologies rely on Python today and tomorrow.

Top Organizations Using Python

With its extreme popularity and powerfulness, Python is preferred by unicorns too:

Python Career Opportunities – Top Companies Using Python

a. NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration uses Workflow Automation System (WAS), an application written and developed in Python. It was developed by NASA’s shuttle-support contractor USA (United Space Alliance). NASA also uses Python for APOD(Astronomy Picture Of the Day), API, PyTransit, PyMDP Toolbox, EVEREST.

b. Google

Who, on this Earth, lives and doesn’t know Google? We use it for everything- sometimes, even to find answers to life’s deepest questions. Google uses Python for its internal systems, and its APIs for report-generation, log analysis, A/Q and testing, and writing core search-algorithms.

c. Nokia

This one reminds me of Nokia 3310, that pocket phone that could break a tile. Nokia makes use of PyS60 (Python for S60). It also uses PyMaemo(Python for Maemo) for its S60(Symbian), and Maemo(Linux) software platforms.

d. IBM

An American multinational technology company headquartered in New York, IBM uses Python for its factory tool control applications.

e. Yahoo! Maps

Maps is an online mapping portal by Yahoo! It uses Python in many of its mapping lookup services and addresses.

f. Walt Disney Feature Animation

WDFA uses Python as a scripting language for animation. All the magic that happens in Disneyland has a bit of Python behind it.

Payscale in Python

In section 4, we saw a rough approximate of how much a Python professional makes. In section 3, we saw some job profiles. So, how does each profile fair in this department?

Python Career Opportunities – Python Salary

Software Engineer – $103,035/yr

Sr. Software Engineer – $129,328/yr

DevOps Engineer – $115,666/yr

Data Scientist – $117,345/yr

Sr. Data Scientist – $136,633/yr

These statistics have been sourced from payscale.com and indeed.com.

Why Must You Learn Python

So, after all this Python career opportunities talk, why must you learn Python? What has it to offer to you? What is the cope of Python? Let’s see.

Python Career Opportunities – Why Python

Its simplicity and conciseness make it perfect for beginners.

It has a large community that continuously contributes to its development.

Because of the highly demand-supply ratio, it provides excellent career opportunities, especially in India.

We have a number of frameworks to make web development easy as pie.

Python is the chosen language for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning.

Raspberry Pi, a microcomputer, lets us make our own DIYs with Python, at prices that do not blast holes in your pockets.

Both startups and corporates, make extensive use of Python, thanks to its powerfulness and simplicity.

Python replaced Java as the second-most popular language on GitHub, with 40 percent more pull requests opened this year than last.

Python Career Opportunities

Source: GitHub –The State of the Octoverse 2017

So, this was all about our blog post on Python Career Opportunities

Conclusion: Python Scope

Now that you know what doors Python can open for you and what are the different Python Career opportunities, which one will you take? Let us know in the comments.

Want to crack your upcoming Python Interviews? – Practice Most Asked Python Interview Questions

If you have any question on Python Career Opportunities, please drop a comment.

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The article will help us to understand the need for optimization and the various ways of doing it. Moreover, we will get an understanding of TensorFlow CPU memory usage and also Tensorflow GPU for optimal performance.