#Cholangiocarcinoma Epidemiological Trends

[researchmarketgroup]

According to report by IMARC Group provides the key factors driving the epidemiological trend of Cholangiocarcinoma.

[deepadelve]

Cervical Cancer Market

Cervical Cancer occurs in the cells of the cervix and usually originates in the transformation zone of the cervix, and spreads to regional lymph nodes with parametrial invasion also common.

Most cases of cervical cancer are caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Apart from HPV, other factors that can also increase the risk include: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), chlamydia, smoking, obesity, family history of cervical cancer, diet low in fruits and vegetables, taking birth control pills, and having three full-term pregnancies.

DelveInsight's "Cervical Cancer Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast-2030" report delivers an in-depth understanding of the Cervical Cancer, historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the Cervical Cancer market trends in the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and United Kingdom) and Japan.

Some facts of the Cervical Cancer Market Report:

The incidence of cervical cancer in 7MM (US, UK, Germany, Italy, Spain, France & Japan) in 2020 is expected to be 43,712.

In the 7MM, the USA is the major contributor to the cervical cancer market revenue in 2020, and the region is expected to hold its position in the upcoming years.

Key companies propelling the market size include Regeneron, AstraZeneca, Lovance, Zeria Pharmaceutical, Seattle Genetics/Genmab, Agenus Bio, Roche, Akeso Biopharma and Vaccibody/Roche, among others.

Launch of cervical cancer pipeline therapies, including Cemiplimab (Regeneron), Durvalumab (AstraZeneca), LN-145 (Iovance), Z-100 (Zeria Pharmaceutical), Tisotumab vedotin (Seattle Genetics/Genmab) in the next decade is expected to propel the market growth.

Request for Free Sample Report: https://www.delveinsight.com/sample-request/cervical-cancer-market

“As per WHO estimates, Cervical Cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women.”

Clinical presentation depends mainly on the location and extent of disease. Precancerous changes or very early stage disease are usually asymptomatic and are detected on a cervical smear. Symptoms usually appear when the tumour causes spontaneous or contact bleeding, or pain if lymph nodes are involved.

Typical cervical cancer symptoms are: unusual bleeding, such as in between periods, after sex, or after menopause, vaginal discharge that looks or smells different than usual, pain in the pelvis, needing to urinate more often, pain during urination etc.

All women are at risk for cervical cancer. It occurs most often in women over age 30. There’s more than one kind of cervical cancer.

Squamous cell carcinoma-This forms in the lining of cervix. It’s found in up to 90% of cases.

Adenocarcinoma-This forms in the cells that produce mucus.

Mixed carcinoma-This has features of the two other types.

DelveInsight estimated that cervical cancer is most often diagnosed in women between the ages of 35 and 44, with the average age at diagnosis being 50. The late diagnosis in women is a consequence of a lack of vaccination and screening in women in the early stages of their lives.

Request for Free Sample Report: https://www.delveinsight.com/sample-request/cervical-cancer-market

Some of the Cervical Cancer Companies are:

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals

Zeria Pharmaceutical

Advaxis

AstraZeneca

Immunitor

And Many Others

Cervical cancer Drug Covered:

Libtayo

Z-100

ADXS11–001

IMFINZ

V3-Cervix

And Many Others

Table of Contents:

1. Key Insights

2. Executive Summary of Cervical Cancer

3. Competitive Intelligence Analysis for Cervical Cancer

4. Cervical Cancer: Market Overview at a Glance

5. Cervical Cancer: Disease Background and Overview

6. Patient Journey

7. Cervical Cancer Epidemiology and Patient Population

8. Treatment Algorithm, Current Treatment, and Medical Practices

9. Unmet Needs

10. Key Endpoints of Cervical Cancer Treatment

11. Marketed Products

12. Emerging Therapies

13. Cervical Cancer: Seven Major Market Analysis

14. Attribute analysis

15. 7MM: Market Outlook

16. Access and Reimbursement Overview of Cervical Cancer

17. KOL Views

18. Market Drivers

19. Market Barriers

20. Appendix

21. DelveInsight Capabilities

22. Disclaimer

Request for Detailed TOC: https://www.delveinsight.com/sample-request/cervical-cancer-market

Other Reports:

Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Market

Barett Esophagus Market

Aortic Stenosis Market

Chemotherapy Induced Diarrhea Market

Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome Market

Binge Eating Disorder Market

[lupine-publishers-ctgh]

Lupine Publishers | The Current Approach to the Hepatocellular Carcinoma; A Mini Review of Etiology, Prognosis and Treatment

Lupine Publishers |Current Trends in Gastroenterology and Hepatology 

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy worldwide and is one of the major causes of cancerrelated deaths. HCC is reported to be the second most fatal malignancy. The major risk factors for HCC are well known; the known risk factors include hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Major advances have been reported in the treatment of HCC. Success of early diagnosis increases when these risk factors are identified, and the cases are followed up. It is reported that in the treatment of early-diagnosed HCC cases, ethanol injection or radiofrequency ablation methods as well as surgical resection should be preferred, particularly in cases without liver cirrhosis and in cases where the tumor is restricted. Similarly, liver transplantation may be an option for patients that meet specific criteria.

Keywords: Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Liver Carcinoma; Liver; Cirrhosis

Introduction

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. HCC is reported to be the second most fatal malignancy after pancreatic carcinoma [1-3]. In the United States of America, 5-year survival of patients with HCC is reported to be approximately 9% [4]. In contrast to several other malignancies, the major risk factors for HCC are well known. These risk factors include hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Major advances have been reported in the treatment of HCC. Success of early diagnosis increases when these risk factors are identified, and the cases are followed up [1]. A glance at the epidemiology of HCC reveals that it is more common in developing regions [5,6]. A 2008 study reported extremely high mortality rates for HCC [7]. Owing to the high mortality rate, HCC is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths. There are several predisposing factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of HCC. Following are the few examples of these factors: Hepatotropic viruses, HBV and HCV, are the most common cause [8]. Cirrhosis: Considering its annual incidence, approximately 3% of the patients with cirrhosis are expected to develop HCC [9]. Liver cell dysplasia (Large cell dysplasia and small cell dysplasia): Although both large and small cell dysplasia’s are risk factors for HCC, some authors argue that the presence of small cell dysplasia is a more important risk factor for HCC [10,11]. Thorotrast: It has been reported to play a role in HCC development [12]. Alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency: It is reported that individuals born with this metabolic disorder have a predisposition for HCC [13]. Tyrosinemia: There is a high risk of HCC in individuals born with this metabolic problem [14]. Aflatoxin: Aflatoxin, derived from the metabolic wastes of the fungus Aspergillus flavus, is associated with HCC [15].

HCC can be radiographically diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Moreover, dynamic imaging maintains contrast in the early arterial phase, which is then washed or released in the next portal phase. This imaging approach is 90% sensitive and 95% specific for HCC [16]. Ultrasound (US) findings are similar to those of CT and MRI. However, in recent years, contrast-enhanced US is no longer accepted as a diagnostic tool owing to the fact that cholangiocarcinoma cases cannot be distinguished from HCC and further investigation methods are recommended. In terms of laboratory findings, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) elevation in patients with HCC has been known for more than 40 years. AFP elevation can also be detected in pregnancy, normal fetal yolk sac, and fetal liver tissues. Other than HCC, it is also detected in the malignancies of the biliary tract, pancreas, and gastrointestinal system, as well as in nonseminamatous tumors. AFP level is expected to decrease in infants at 300 days after birth, and any AFP elevation detected after this period is a cause to suspect malignancy [17]. However, it has been reported that approximately one-third of the diagnosed cases may have normal AFP levels at the time of diagnosis [18]. Despite the advances in imaging systems and the support provided by laboratory findings, final diagnosis of HCC is still made on the basis of histopathological examination. US or CT-guided cytological fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) or histological tru-cut biopsy might be preferred in cases suspected with HCC. It has been reported that the diagnostic accuracy of concurrent FNAB and tru-cut biopsy is higher than that of either procedure on its own, with a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 95% [19]. In microscopic examination of HCC, neoplastic hepatocytes mimic normal liver tissue depending on the degree of differentiation. Well-differentiated tumors that are almost similar to normal tissue are generally difficult to histopathologically distinguish from differentiated liver adenoma tissues. Less differentiated anaplastic tumors can be identified using certain additional immunohistochemical or histochemical analyses because their similarity with normal tissue is reduced.

The most common histological patterns in microscopy are trabecular (sinusoidal), solid, and pseudoglandular (acinar) patterns [20]. Most HCC cases are immunohistochemically positive for AFP, epithelial membrane antigen, alpha1 antitrypsin, fibrinogen, IgG, ferritin, Heppar 1, MOC 31, glypican-3, and polyclonal CEA [21]. HCC staging is generally dependent on many criteria such as tumor size, number of tumor nodules, and the presence/absence of vascular invasion [21]. There are various treatment approaches available for HCC cases. Considering the HCC stage, the functional status of liver and the accompanying medical problems, the treatment decision for HCC should be made with a multidisciplinary team comprising a surgeon, oncologist, pathologist, radiologist, and hepatologist [1]. The most effective treatment in HCC cases is surgical resection and liver transplantation (Figures 1 & 2) [22]. Ablative therapies such as radiofrequency ablation (RF), microwave ablation, or percutaneous ethanol injection are among the treatments that should be primarily used for masses smaller than 2 cm. However, ablative therapies are also preferred in patients with advanced age and poor clinical condition, and in whom surgical resection or transplantation cannot be employed [23]. In cases of HCC, many factors such as the number of tumors, tumor size, presence of cirrhosis, and surgical experience should be taken into account before performing resection and transplantation procedures. In case of partial resection of cirrhotic livers, patient’s condition may deteriorate owing to impaired function and low regeneration capacity. For this reason, liver functions should be comprehensively evaluated in patients with cirrhosis, and then decision regarding surgery should be taken [22]. In patients in whom surgery cannot be performed, neoadjuvant therapies such as transarterial embolization (TAE), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), RF ablation, and percutaneous acid injection can be employed. In addition to these techniques, the use of microwave therapy, transarterial radioembolization, and cryotherapy applications has also been reported. Furthermore, sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for molecular therapy, can be preferred in patients with advanced stage HCC [24].

Figure 1: Right Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Figure 2: Liver Hiler dissection.

[kritikarehani]

Bile duct cancer : Market Share, Market size, Epidemiology, Treatment, Key companies and forecast 2017-2028 in 7 MM

Bile duct cancer or Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and heterogeneous malignant neoplasm with epithelial cell origin of the biliary duct and histologic and biochemical features of cholangiocyte differentiation. The cancerous tumour may arise from any portion of the bile duct, i.e., from terminal ductules (canals of Hering) to the ampulla of Vater, as well as at the peribiliary glands (intramural and extramural). 

 Some of the symptoms that people have been like yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes (jaundice), sometimes itchy skin, white-coloured stools, fatigue ness, abdominal pain, and unintended weight loss.

 People suffer from Bile duct cancer; it is caused when the cells in the bile ducts develop mutations in their DNA. DNA mutations cause changes in the instructions. It results in the cells that may start to grow out of control and eventually form a tumour, which is a mass of cancerous cells. It is unclear what causes genetic mutations that lead to cancer.  

 DelveInsight has launched the report on Bile Duct Cancer Market Insights, Epidemiology and Market Forecast 2028. It proffers thorough bile duct cancer market research and in-depth understanding of historical and forecasted Bile Duct Cancer epidemiology.

It includes the existing Bile Duct Cancer treatment patterns, potential upcoming drugs and also recognises the best of the market opportunities by offering the current and forecasted Bile Duct Cancer market revenue, sales trends, and drug uptake during the study period from 2017-2028. 

 Cholangiocarcinoma can be classified anatomically based on tumor location:

· Intrahepatic (iCCA)

· Perihilar (pCCA)

· Distal (dCCA)

 Bile duct cancer Epidemiology

 Many people are affected by the disease. DelveInsight’s analysts found that the total diagnosed Bile duct cancer incident population in the 7MM was 18,470 in 2017. Among all the countries, the higher incidence of Bile duct cancer was in the United States with 6,768 cases in 2017. If EU5 countries are taken into account, then Germany had the highest Bile duct cancer incident population with 4,471 cases, followed by Italy and the United Kingdom. Japan had 4,287 incident cases of Bile duct cancer in 2017. 

 “It has been observed that males are more prone to Bile duct cancer than females among all countries.” 

 Bile duct cancer Market

 Bile duct cancer market size in the 7MM was observed to USD 379.57 million in 2017 during the study period of 2017-2028. Among 7Major Markets, the United States accounts for the highest Bile duct cancer market size in comparison with EU5 and Japan. In EU5, the market size of Bile duct cancer in Germany was observed to be highest with USD 82.46 million in 2017. Spain has the lowest share with USD 3.69 million in 2017. However, the Bile duct cancer market size in Japan was found to be USD 96.73 million in 2017.  

 Bile duct cancer treatment 

 The surgical treatments are the only promising curative therapeutic options for all the subtypes of Cholangiocarcinoma. However, the majority of bile duct cancer patients are diagnosed at late-stage disease, and nearly more than one- fourth of patients considered resectable are found to be unresectable during explorative laparotomy. A few more aggressive surgical approaches and improved radiologic techniques have resulted in improved R0 (tumour-free margins) resection rates, but recurrence rates remain high. Currently, bile duct cancer market size for early-stage majorly comprises of surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiation therapy.  

 Also, some of the patients with CCA have the unresectable disease and are candidates for palliative care. Endoscopic biliary drainage is the standard gold treatment in advanced or inoperable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. The main goal is to provide biliary drainage with long-term relief from pruritus, cholangitis, pain and jaundice. Radiation therapy utilises the high-energy rays or particles to ruin cancer cells. The main types of radiation therapy are external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy. EBRT is the most common form of radiation for bile duct cancer treatment. 

 Key players And their drugs playing a role in Bile Duct Cancer market 

 Many companies are developing drugs for bile duct cancer market like Ivosidenib (Agios Pharmaceuticals), Pemigatinib (Incyte Corporation), Infigratinib (QED Therapeutics), Melphalan Hydrochloride (Delcath Systems), Regorafenib (Bayer), Larotrectinib (Loxo Oncology), Entrectinib (Hoffmann- La Roche), Derazantinib (Basilea Pharmaceutica), Erdafitinib (Janssen Research & Development) are expected to enter the market by 2028. Along with these, other potential players such as Dasatinib (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Ramucirumab (Eli Lilly), Niraparib (Tesaro), Yeliva (Redhill biopharma), Sulfatinib (Hutchison MediPharma) and other are also planning to enter the bile duct cancer emerging market with their portfolio of the drugs.

 Lastly, in the coming years, the improvements in the molecular understanding of cholangiocarcinoma through whole-genome analysis have identified multiple actionable mutations, leading to the development of targeted agents with promising results in early clinical trials. Overall, the increasing research of the disease along with upcoming novel therapies, will fuel bile duct cancer market during the forecast period, 2019-2028.

[cancersfakianakis1]

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a population level analysis of incidence and mortality trends

Abstract

Background

The purpose of this study was to explore trends in incidence, incidence-based (IB) mortality, and survival for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) utilizing a population-based database to attract people’s attention to this disease.

Methods

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was utilized to investigate the incidence and IB mortality for cHCC-CC from 2000 to 2014. Trends in age-adjusted incidence and IB mortality were characterized by the Joinpoint Regression program. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were utilized to implement survival analyses. Cox regression was utilized to estimate independent predictors of mortality.

Results

The incidence of cHCC-CC was 0.26 per 1,000,000 individuals in 2000 and 0.59 per 1,000,000 individuals in 2014, with an annual percent change (APC) (i.e., the extent of increase in incidence) of 3.84% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7–6.1; P < 0.05). The IB mortality also displayed a sustained increase (APC was 4.59%, 95% CI 1.9–7.4; P < 0.05). Compared to patients not undergoing surgery, patients undergoing surgical treatment experienced a significant increase in median survival (3 vs. 28 months; P < 0.001). However, the median survival decreased in patients with tumor size > 5 cm (20 vs. 9 months; P < 0.001). Based on univariate Cox regression analysis, African-American race, distant stage, regionalized stage, tumor size ≥ 5 cm, and no surgery were risk factors for death.

Conclusions

We identified an overall steady increase in the incidence of cHCC-CC, which indicates that primary prevention strategies for cHCC-CC have not improved much in recent years and that cHCC-CC needs to be taken seriously.

https://ift.tt/2Uc4ioT

[markengine-blog]

Global Market Study on Bile Duct Cancer Treatment,Industry Analysis , Trends & Forcaste 2017- 2027

The report ‘Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma) Treatment Market: Global Industry Analysis (2012-2016) and Forecast (2017-2025)’ is a comprehensive compilation on the bile duct cancer treatment market and contains exclusive information regarding the market analysis, growth and forecasts for the period 2017 to 2025. Bile ducts are a series of thin tubes that reach from the liver to the small intestine. The major function of bile ducts is to move a fluid called bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine, where it helps digest the fats in food. Bile duct cancer starts when the healthy cells in the bile duct begin to grow out of control to form tumors. Cancer can develop in any part of the bile duct system and can be classified into three types based on the location -Intrahepatic bile duct cancers: These cancers develop in the smaller bile duct branches inside the liver from the left and right hepatic branches. About 5% to 10% of bile duct cancers are intrahepatic.

Request For Sample Report : http://www.mrrse.com/sample/3262

Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: These cancers develop in the part of the bile duct that is outside the liver. These are of two types:

Perihilar (also called hilar) bile duct cancers: These cancers develop at the hilum, where the left and right hepatic ducts have joined and are just leaving the liver. These are also called Klatskin tumors.

Distal bile duct cancers: These cancers are found further down the bile duct, closer to the small intestine.

Bile duct cancer is a type of biliary tract cancer, which also includes gall bladder cancer; however gall bladder cancer is not included in the scope of this report, which largely focuses on intrahepatic bile duct tumors, perihilar bile duct tumors, and distal bile duct tumors.

Report Inclusions

This report is divided into four distinct parts. The first section consists of the introduction to the bile duct cancer treatment market. The second section of the report consists of the regional bile duct cancer treatment market analysis and forecast. The third section contains the competitive landscape of the global bile duct cancer treatment market and gives a list of the important players operating in this niche market. The last section of the report consists of the global bile duct cancer treatment market analysis 2012-2016 and forecast 2017-2025 by region, by treatment type, by disease indication and by distribution channel.

In the introduction, the pertinent market numbers of the global bile duct cancer treatment market are given along with the CAGR for the forecast period 2017-2025. The introduction also contains an executive summary of this detailed report through which the report audiences can have a cursory glance at this vast market. The report also contains detailed definitions of bile duct cancer and its different types along with the definitions of the various kinds of treatments administered in cases of bile duct cancer. In addition, the introduction also lists the macroeconomic factors influencing the global bile duct cancer treatment market. An opportunity analysis of the global bile duct cancer treatment market is also presented in the introduction. Along with this, the regulatory scenarios of various regions in the global bile duct cancer treatment market are also listed. Also, a list of products that are in the pipeline for the treatment of bile duct cancer is also given in the introduction.

Browse Full Report With TOC : http://www.mrrse.com/bile-duct-cancer-treatment-market

The second section of the report contains the regional bile duct cancer treatment market analysis and forecast. In this section, the regional drivers, restraints and trends are given so that the report audience knows what factors are aiding the growth of this market and what factors are hampering the growth of this market across the various assessed regions. Besides the drivers and restraints, the trends that are applicable in the global bile duct cancer treatment market are also discussed region-wise in this section of the report.

An important section of the report focuses on the competitive landscape of the global bile duct cancer treatment market. This part constitutes information on the key market players. This competition landscape gives a dashboard view of the key companies operating in the global bile duct cancer treatment market along with their important information and broad strategy adopted to stay as leaders in the global bile duct cancer treatment market. Each of the leading companies is also profiled individually and important information about the company such as company details, company description, product portfolio along with key developments concerning the company and strategic analysis is presented.

The last section of the report contains the global bile duct cancer treatment market analysis and forecast as well as important market metrics such as the BPS analysis, year-on-year growth rates, absolute dollar opportunity and market attractiveness analysis of the bile duct cancer treatment market.

Why should you invest in this report?

If you are ready to enter the global bile duct cancer treatment market, then this report is a comprehensive guide and will give you crystal clear insights into this vast and lucrative market. All the aspects of bile duct cancer treatment are covered in this report and information is also given on the important regions of the world where this market is likely to boom in the near future and during the forecast period of 2017-2025 so that you can plan your strategies accordingly. Besides, through this report, you can gain a complete grasp of the level of competition you will be facing in this hugely competitive market and if you are an established player in this market already, then this report will help you gauge the strategies that your competitors have adopted to stay as leaders in this market. For new entrants to this market, the voluminous data provided in this report is invaluable.

A tested and proven research methodology for accurate estimation of market performance

Our research methodology leverages both primary and secondary research to collect the relevant market data. We have analyzed the global bile duct cancer treatment market by considering the revenue through extensive primary research to understand the usage patterns, historic trends, problems faced by oncologists, the required treatment developments, and most preferred drugs. Key opinion leaders have been considered for primary research including experienced healthcare professionals in various healthcare facilities at a country level. These estimates have further been validated with drug manufacturers, distributors, and suppliers.

Extensive secondary research has been carried out to understand the epidemiology of bile duct cancer, treatment rate, adoption rate, regulatory scenarios, average selling price, reimbursement scenario, etc., by referring to published scientific literature from various databases such as the WHO, PubMed, Springer, and Wiley among many others. We have also analyzed various companies’ annual reports, investor presentations, SEC filings, 10k reports, and press releases to fetch substantial information about the market size, trends, opportunities, drivers, and restraints.

Market Segmentation

Treatment Type

By Treatment Type

By Services Spending

Gemcitabine Combination Therapy

5-fluorouracil Combination Therapy

Capecitabine Combination Therapy

Gemcitabine Single Agent

Radiation Therapy

Surgery

Brachytherapy Services

External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

Disease Indication

Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer

Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer

Perihilar Bile Duct Cancer

Distal Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer

Distribution Channel

Hospital Pharmacies

Retail Pharmacies

Online Pharmacies

Region

North America

Latin America

Europe

Asia Pacific (APAC)

Middle East Africa (MEA)

Enquiry About This Report : http://www.mrrse.com/enquiry/3262

About Us

Market Research Reports Search Engine (MRRSE) is an industry-leading database of market intelligence reports. MRRSE is driven by a stellar team of research experts and advisors trained to offer objective advice. Our sophisticated search algorithm returns results based on the report title, geographical region, publisher, or other keywords.

MRRSE partners exclusively with leading global publishers to provide clients single-point access to top-of-the-line market research. MRRSE’s repository is updated every day to keep its clients ahead of the next new trend in market research, be it competitive intelligence, product or service trends or strategic consulting.

Contact

State Tower 90, State Street Suite 700 Albany, NY - 12207 United States

Telephone: +1-518-730-0559 Email: sales@mrrse.com

Google+: https://plus.google.com/u/0/109558601025749677847/posts

Linked in: https://www.linkedin.com/company/mrrse

Twitter: https://twitter.com/MRRSEmrrse