#I have every version of the ai tag filtered

[lextheartguy]

I started interacting with cat photos/videos (for obvious reasons) and now I’m getting recommended AI images of cats… I hate it here

[seeyouonsaturn]

you taught me the courage of stars;

and i'm not gonna lose you now

Hello everyone! My name's Two (short for 217), though I'm apparently going by Saturn on this blog, which is also fine! I'm in my mid-20s, agender (they/them) and I really love cats.

🪻 BYF | 🪐 | 🪐 | 🪐

🪻 commissions yay!!

🪻 art fight! come fight me

This is a sideblog; my main is @szammy. Yeah, it looks like that. Sorry. Tumblr nerfed me back in 2018.

If you like DC, you can also find me at @htub

I'm aroace / ficto-exclusive

🪐 I first saw TfA (and fell in love with Prowl) when I was 13, fell out of the fandom for a long time, and now I'm back for good! I'm non-sharing about him, he's too special to me; please be nice about it.

I'm a selfshipper and OC enthusiast. OC creation is my favorite ever thing to do so expect to see my little guys. 🧡

🪐 Transformers things I have seen so far are

Transformers Animated [TfA] • Transformers Prime [TfP] • Rescue Bots [TfRb] • Rescue Bots Academy [RbA] • Robots in Disguise 2015 [RiD15] • Cyberverse [Cv] • Beast Wars [BW] • Transformers One [TfOne] • Bayverse 1-5 • Bumblebee [BbM] • Rise of the Beasts [RotB]

> Currently watching:

Lastly, this is a harassment-free zone, we are all friends here! Please take your hate and bad vibes elsewhere, if you want to police how people enjoy things, this is not the place for you. Yes, this means you, antis. Go away.

🪐 In other words:

Pro-Fiction • Anti-Censorship • Anti-Harassment • Anti-AI • No Feelings Yakuza

DNI if you have hate in your heart [or you're touching my husband]

🪻 If you want the world to be a kinder place, someone needs to take the first step – it might as well be you.

*TfA!Prowl only. Love doubles for anyone else, befriend me if we have the same taste in men!

Most Beloved Blorbos

obviously there's this guy first;

Prowl 🧡 | TfA | the one the only, my beloved husband-conjunx of 13 years and going strong. He's on a different level from any of the others. Prowl is not a "character I like", he's real to me and we are together irl. I don't even like referring to him as an f/o, he's just my partner. We are married. I have a ring. I am fully non-sharing and will block doubles and ship tags for my own comfort.

Sari Sumdac | TfA | my little sister! I can't be with Prowl and not see his team's kid as my own. I'm selective sharing for her <3

🪐 Unfortunately, due to multiverse issues, I cannot filter out every single Prowl ship tag. I like seeing other versions of Prowl, I don't consider him to be the same character as mine.

🪐 If you're posting TfA!Prowl ship content or (especially) thirst posts about him or anything similar, and you want to do me a kindness, you can tag them with #two don't look to gatekeep them from me. I do not expect anyone to do this for me, but just in case you want to, the option is there, and I'd be grateful.

🪐 I'm also uncomfortable seeing Blitzwing ship content, because he's conjunxed to my bestie (I know this, I was at the wedding). Same blocks will apply.

Below was originally a short list but it keeps growing and there's no end in sight... why are all of the guys in this franchise so lovable it's like catnip to me

🪻 sharing status

[🪐 1] top favorite guys

D-16 [TfOne] my sweet boy. he's so precious to me. i hope nothing bad ever happens to him

Megatron [MTMTE] i was never immune to a sad old former-bad guy with so much guilt. he is for me.

Whirl [MTMTE, Cv] i saw his lore and it was love at first sight holy fuck. and i love his design, long lanky digitigrade legs are my jam

Chase [Aligned] his autism makes me insane, how tf did he manage to get a top spot on my list

[🪐 2] special to me too

Optimus Prime [Aligned] let him rest. he is so tired. please he deserves a break and a hug

Ultra Magnus [Aligned, MTMTE] oh baby you're so neurodivergent

Swerve [MTMTE] his terminal yapping disease could rival mine, and i think we should kiss about it

[🪐 3] i am holding them

Ratchet [Aligned/TfA] what can I say, i'm an old man enjoyer

Starscream [Aligned/any] he's so pathetic. you know i need him.

Blades [Aligned] pookie bear

Smokescreen [TFP] my son, my boy. not an f/o, just my little guy

[🪐 4] Honorable mentions

My favorite guys who didn't get their own blurb but they are still very dear to me. Including but not limited to:

Ravage [IDW] | Rodimus [IDW] | Rung [IDW]

Sentinel Prime [TF1] | Whirl Jr [Aligned] daughter baby

Beachcomber [any] my bff | Strongarm [Aligned] | Steeljaw [Aligned]

Tigatron [BW] brother/bff | Transmutate [BW] my beautiful daughter who has every disease | Springload [Aligned] froggie!! i just think he's neat

Cliffjumper [any] he's like a hamster to me | Knockout [TFP] | Wreck-Gar [TFA]

I'm not much of a canon x canon shipper, and much prefer to throw ocs at my favorite characters. However, a few notable exceptions are the following:

MegOp [any except TfA] • CyGate • Skystar, JazzProwl [any except TfA] • KOBD • Miroah • and lowkey also Megatron x Isaac Sumdac

> and I need Strongarm and Sideswipe to be Amica! Platonic OTP

I do however reblog ship art of other pairings if it looks nice, just because. I'm generally simply neutral towards most ships.

OCs

my list of ocs grew too large to comfortably fit on this post. And it will grow even more. Because I love ocs!!

They are here now!

Other tags

#two talks | general tag for my posts

#two draws | art tag

#two's ocs | oc tag

#answered asks | self-explanatory

#oc ask game | ask game related stuff

#ask game collection | just the games <3

#🏍🐈‍⬛ | conjunx ship tag 🧡

it's a beautiful life 🧡🌸

[chiarrara]

I think tumblr needs a feature allowing for permanent tags on a post. essentially, a tag that follows the post throughout every reblog.

For example: if I make a post about 'fandom x' I can tag it #fandom x. I can put this tag in the permanent tags of this post. Everytime someone reblogs this post it will have the permanent tag #fandom x.

Example 2: i make a post that is potentially triggering. I tag it #tw: trigger y. it will always be tagged #tw: trigger y.

Some benefits to this system:

1. convenience. when reblogging, users don't have to retype or select all the previous tags that serve as basic identification of a post, like the fandom, characters, type of post, etc. they automatically carry over.

2. filtering. because of this added convenience, posts with triggering or otherwise upsetting content are more likely to retain the tags that allow people to filter them off their dash. someone who reblogs without adding tags (especially mobile users who can quick reblog things) will still be reblogging the post with all the identifying and trigger tags attached. no more encountering untagged posts that you would have otherwise filtered out.

Some potential issues with this system (and how they could be solved):

1. Misuse. Someone could add permanent tags that are intentionally misleading, unintentionally misapplied, unnecessary, or for the purpose of trolling.

Options for solutions could be: ability to delete permanent tags. they automatically carry over, but can be removed. without any action by the reblogging user, they will be attached. any subsequent reblogging user can delete or leave the permanent tags. if one user removes a tag, would the tag appear for a user who reblogs it from them? I say no, but the answer could be yes. If no, I think this provides a community filtering system where the most popular version of a post will have (theoretically) the most accurate and agreed upon tags. However, this could give the first person to reblog the most popular version of the post too much power. so

Option #2: some kind of algorithmic or formulaic voting system for permanent tags on a post. I'm not savvy enough to figure out how this would work, but programming in some kind of system where the majority rules on what tags remain or become permanent is a potential solution. Maybe the post doesn't start with permanent tags, but the more it gets tagged something the more likely it is to become permanent. Maybe the post does start with permanent tags and the more a tag gets removed the less likely it is to remain permanent.

Maybe there are other ways to solve this issue. I'm sure it would be the number one pitfall of this feature, so it does need a solution.

2. Distinction. There would need to be a clear and obvious distinction between permanent tags (added by op, or the community) and temporary tags added by the reblogger. We don't want someone who quick reblogged, or didn't notice the permanent tags catching heat for something they didn't say. Permanent tags could be in a different section, be a different color, be bolded or italicized, be faded, have a background applied, or a combination of these things. Most importantly, they would need to be screen reader compatible, and readable.

3. Overuse. There may be too many permanent tags on a post to the point where they bury the unique tags added by the reblogger. This could be solved by making permanent tags less upfront (since they are primarily for identification and filtering, not commenting). They could be collapsible, in a different section, or automatically below unique tags. I don't think they should be too hidden, they need to be easily seen, but they should be less prioritized than unique tags.

4. AI. permanent tags should ABSOLUTELY NOT be added or determined by AI. they should originate from users. I don't want a version of this where tumblr automatically tags posts for you based on what an AI thinks the post is about.

That's all I can think of. If you read this, tell me what you think of this idea, if you can think of any more issues or solutions, or if you think it would be unequivocally bad and ruin tumblr. I think it's a natural progression of the features and use of the website but 1. that means staff will never do it and 2. we hate change here so.... whatever. Let me know what you think!

[analyzen]

Italian Fandom Meta | Most Popular Types of Pairings on EFP vs. AO3

EFP (2001–, Fanlore) is the most popular writing archive in Italy, and it hosts both fanfic and original fiction. Under the cut you’ll find a breakdown of the most popular types of pairings on EFP in comparison to the most popular types of pairings in the Italian section of AO3.

The Italian version of this analysis can be found here.

TL;DR:

53% of all the chapters ever posted on EFP have been deleted

49% of the registered users on EFP have deleted their accounts

M/F works amount to 60% of the whole website

EFP’s three most popular fandoms (Harry Potter, One Direction, Original Fiction – Romantic) all have a majority of M/F works

On AO3, most Italian works are M/M (56%)

F/F doesn’t have much content on either site (4-5%)

Methodology

I’ve followed @olderthannetfic’s methodology from this earlier Fanfiction.net analysis. Basically, I picked a sample size of 666 chapters and organized them in four categories (M/M, M/F, F/F, Not tagged; more on this later).

Why I chose chapters instead of stories

On EFP you don’t have specific links for every single story. Instead, every chapter you post gets a unique id, which can be seen in the link itself. For example, at the time of writing this the last updated chapter on EFP was this one:

viewstory.php?sid=3974099

Which means that this was the 3'974'009th chapter ever posted on EFP.

Ids follow the usual numerical order, so if a link reads id=3, then there have to be id=1 and id=2, and the next link will have id=4.

So I’ve used a randomizer to select ~1200 unique ids to analyse.

Weren’t 666 chapters enough?

I started out with 700 chapters, but half of them weren’t working. That’s because 53% of all the chapters ever posted on EFP have been deleted from the website.

Thanks to the link of the last updated chapter, we know that almost 4 millions chapters have been posted on the EFP. But EFP's homepage shows different stats:

Registered users: 602395, 205974 of which are authors Last registered user: [blacked out] Total of stories: 517083 Total of chapters: 1869573 chapters Total of reviews: 6222695 Online users: 17 logged in and 53 visitors

While we should have almost 4 million chapters, the stats show ~2 million chapters. Why? Because the stats only show the stories, chapters and users that are still on the website, and they don’t show the stories, chapters and users that have been deleted.

(Sorry, I forgot to translate this one. It reads: Total of chapters posted on EFP between 2001 and today. Orange: deleted chapters. Blue: chapters that are still online.)

Thanks to the stats on the homepage we also have a link to the last registered user. User ids follow the same numerical order as chapter ids, so once again we know that 49% of the users ever registered on EFP have deleted their accounts. That's a lot of deleted accounts.

Categorization

After selecting 666 (accessible) chapters, I organized them into 4 categories:

M/M: contains all stories tagged as “yaoi”, shounen ai” and “slash”

M/F: contains all stories tagged as “het”

F/F: contains all stories tagged as “yuri”, “shoujo ai” and “femslash”

Not tagged: which contains a) poetry, b) stories tagged as “no pairing”, and c) untagged het stories.

As for the untagged het stories, there are two issues:

Many M/F fics simply aren’t tagged

Many gen fics include untagged M/F ships

If the description made it clear that the story included a heterosexual relationship, I added the story under the M/F tag. Otherwise I left it under not tagged.

Also, on EFP “yaoi”, “shounen ai” and “slash”, and “yuri”, “shoujo ai” and “femslash” actually mean different things.

This screenshot here is from the posting page on EFP. It reads:

Pairings * You must select at least one tag from the list, and you can choose up to three tags. Het: for heterosexual relationships Shonen-ai: for male/male relationships with anime/game characters; stories with no sex scenes Shojo-ai: for female/female relationships with anime/game characters; stories with no sex scenes Yaoi: for male/male relationships with anime/game characters; stories containing sex scenes Yuri: for female/female relationships with anime/game characters; stories containing sex scenes Slash: for male/male relationships from TV shows/movies/books FemSlash: for female/female relationships from TV shows/movies/books

The thing is. People either respect the rules and use different tags for different kinds of stories, or they use these tags interchangeably to maximise the chance to appear in other users' searches. Which means that you’ll find RPF tagged with “shoujo ai”, and Attack on Titan fics tagged as “slash”. (More info on this later.)

Findings

On EFP, the majority of the stories are M/F.

To confirm this, I checked some specific fandoms:

Some notes:

Because EFP doesn't have metatags like AO3, what I did was: 1) go to a specific fandom, 2) filter through every single tag, and 3) jot down the number of pages per search. Every page contains up to 15 stories, so for example searching for het in Original Fiction – Romantic gives you 846 pages, which amounts to around ~12690 stories.

The tag in red, “Nessuna”, means “no pairing”. It is used for gen fics but also for untagged M/F fics. This is especially true in some fandoms, ie. Original Fiction – Romantic, and Harry Potter.

EFP’s filtering system sucks. You can only filter through stories with specific relationship tags, but you can’t filter out relationships tag. So what you see in the graph is how often a tag is used... which brings us to some issues. For example, Harry Potter is the biggest fandom on EFP, so much that Harry Potter stories amount to 11% (!) of the whole website. But in the graph it looks like the One Direction fandom has more stories—wrong. Actually, One Direction has many stories tagged as both slash and het, while Harry Potter stories tend to be either one or the other.

EFP’s filtering system sucks, part 2. Because “shounen ai”, “yaoi” and “slash” are often used at the same time, you can't really smash together all three of the tags to get a total amount of stories. I'd say that around 50% of the stories tagged as shounen ai and yaoi probably overlap, but there is no easy way to find out because, again, EFP’s filtering system sucks. The same goes for “shoujo ai”, “yuri” and “femslash”.

Fandoms with a majority of M/M stories

While there are some fandoms with more M/M stories (ie. Death Note, Hetalia, Glee, Sherlock, Supernatural, Teen Wolf), these fandoms are simply extremely small in comparison to other bigger fandoms full of M/F fics. Which obviously skews the numbers in favor of M/F fics.

What about femslash?

EFP suffers from the same lack of femslash as AO3 as a whole. In the fandoms I've analysed, only two have a big enough number of F/F. The fandoms are Glee (which has more F/F stories than M/F stories) and Grey's Anatomy (which has as much F/F as M/F stories, with little M/M).

Original Fiction

I thought it might be interesting to explore the original sections too, especially because Original Fiction – Romantic is the third biggest fandom on EFP after Harry Potter and One Direction. These Big 3 all have a disproportionate amount of M/F stories.

By logic, this would mean the the majority of the userbase on EFP prefers M/F stories. But then, aren't fans always complaining about “too much slash”? If “Any Two Guys” were enough to find slash appealing, wouldn't it be easier to simply write original M/M?

I think that looking at original stories might help us understand why people might prefer slash over het in some fandoms. For example, the amount of M/F stories in Original Fiction – Romantic implies that, when authors have to chance to choose what types of stories to create from scratch, they might prefer M/F stories.

This would support the theory that many people might prefer slash because of the lack of (well written/primary) canonical female characters + how well M/M relationships, both platonic and romantic, are written in canon texts in comparison to M/F or F/F relationships.

Obviously, we have to keep in mind that not all fanfic writers write original fiction and viceversa, so I'm not trying to find a universal explanation here. Also because not every website has a majority of M/F stories.

Which brings us to...

AO3 vs. EFP

As per today 20/04/21, the Italian section of AO3 contains “only” 24777 stories, divided between many different fandoms. To make a comparison, the Italian stories on AO3 amount to 5% of all the stories available on EFP. To make another comparison, the whole Naruto fandom on EFP has 20129 stories in total.

EFP has also been active for 20 years, while the boom of Italian fics on AO3 only started around 2018. We can't really make a 1:1 comparison between the two archives, but we can still try to understand the preferences of their users.

M/M and M/F stories on EFP vs. AO3

EFP: 60% M/F, 25% M/M

AO3: 56% M/M, 23% M/F

The percentages are almost swapped.

This might be because of the archives themselves. EFP has always been the general website for any Italian fandom (and actually at first it mostly hosted M/F content), while AO3 has always had a big M/M userbase. I'm basing this statement on this AO3 analysis from 2013, in comparison to this FFN analysis from 2018 which showed a majority of M/F fanworks, and finally this AO3 vs. FFN vs. Wattpad analysis from 2019, which showed that AO3 has always been the outlier for its majority of M/M content.

Then again, M/M stories on EFP have always been subject to the “usual” type of borderline-to-direct harassment that M/M fans are used to, which is something that still happens to this day especially in certain writing groups on Facebook, where the Italian writing community is pretty active. It wouldn't be weird for slashers to move to AO3, where they know they'll find more like-minded people and less headaches. (Also, the Italian section of AO3 has a lot of M/M RPF that's banned on EFP.)

The “Multi” tag on EFP

The only thing that barely resembles a multi tag on EFP is threesome, which for some reason is often used as a synonym for love triangle. So from the tags it isn't easy to understand if a fic includes an actual threesome (as in, a sex scene), a polyamorous relationship, or a simple love triangle.

This doesn't mean that there aren't poly stories on EFP—it simply means that they're impossible to find using the search system.

And that's all, I think!

[eziocauthon89]

Mighty Nein Cyberpunk AU

This thought occurred to me the other day after hearing Amaranthe’s song “Digital World”, and I spent yesterday’s downtime at work working on it in tidbits, and here it is! Mostly put under a Read More, cause there’s A Lot! (Tagging @criticalrolo, who let me randomly blurt the parts out at her over the day!)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Consider, if you will, an Exandria very akin to the one shown in the upcoming Cyberpunk 2077 game; very post-transhumanism world, cybernetic augments are beyond accepted, they're virtually expected.

It's a world of corporations, where The Company is all, and the little guys either work with them or get ground up in the gears. The most powerful one is the Rexxentrum Assembly. They've stood solid For decades, having fingers in every profitable venture imaginable.

The only ones to oppose them are the Xhorhasian Conglomerate, a collection of smaller corporations who've banded together to survive, and possibly someday defeat, the mega-corp that is Rexxentrum.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Beau works for the Cobalt Soul, an ancient order of hackers that have existed since before the transhumanism event began, keeping their eyes in every corner of the web. They used to be activists, but these days, they're largely archivists and data/info brokers. Beau thinks they should return to their roots and join with the Conglomerate against the Assembly, and is actively working to that end.

Like much of the party, she's an expert hacker, specializing in getting access through stolen info. Physically, she is the least augmented of the party, save for a few tweaks to make her blows a bit faster, and an analysis system to be better able to determine weak points and the "stats" of her enemies.

Her hacking signature is the sigil of the Cobalt Soul, positioned in front of a pair of wrapped fists crossed at the wrist as though over a chest.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jester Lavorre is a young and fresh hacker. Daughter of the owner of that digital and physical smut empire, known only as The Ruby, and heir to the vast network of anything one could want in that arena. After inadvertently destroying the career of a local prominent politician with a cyber-prank, it was decided that she needed to get out and experience more of the world.

As a hacker, she predominantly focuses on digging up embarrassing secrets of high-level individuals, and then broadcasting them on the web, in her signature saccharine pink and unicorn-decorated infodumps. In the real world, she does her best to make sure her team is in the best shape they can be, getting supplies to help with that whenever she can.

As mentioned, her trademark is the infodump, usually in the form of a bullet-pointed video, coated in sickly sweet pinks, with unicorns and the like dancing in the background.

Aside from the usual strength and endurance mods that basically everyone has, she also has a mod in her skin that lets her shift colors and patterns to almost anything. It's usually not good enough for any proper stealth, but it's fun as hell! She has a similar mod on her horns, but stronger, where she can brighten them and basically become a living rave lighting system. The tips of her horns can also become the most literal version of "headlights" ever.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Fjord is one of the more interesting party members. Heavily augmented, he once followed the orders of his patron, an entity named Uk'otoa who he only had contact with through the deep web. This entity led him to great troves of augmentations, each with a nugget that Uka'toa itself desired. These troves helped to find the efforts of the party, leading to at least tolerate the presence of the outside force.

Recently, however, his new circle of friends led him to realize that Uk'otoa was, in fact, an incredibly malicious AI from beyond The Walls. With effort and some excising hacks from his friends, he cut off his ties with Uk'otoa. Unfortunately, many of his augments required an external AI to continue to function, and so he let himself be connected to another AI, dubbed the Wildmother by another of his party, one with a far more gentle motivation.

Fjord remains the least hack-savvy member, preferring reality to anything cyberspace can offer. Among his augments, he can deploy a macro-molecular bladed sword seemingly out of thin air, sharp enough to slide between the molecules of most materials, neatly slicing them.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Caleb's story is simple enough. He was a Company Man. See, though, the thing about being a Company Man, is you can't ever really stop being a Company Man. Especially when that Company is the Assembly.

After one of his tests to enter the upper ranks resulted in the immolation of his family, he snapped. Gathering what he needed, he disappeared, a truly impressive feat in such an interconnected world, and doubly so when not even the Assembly could find him again. Now, he seeks a way to burn them down from the inside out.

Caleb's hacking signature has been dubbed "Scorched Earth", because when he's finished getting what he needs from a target, if he so chooses, he will burn them down, leaving them nothing behind, right down to the system files, and even the hardware itself if he can swing it.

Physically, his augmentations reside chiefly in his arms and his head. Highly experimental neuromods that boosts his already almost eidetic memory, letting him pick out any memory since installation and recall it in perfect clarity, and even overlay filters to uncover further information. Additionally, mini-producers across his body and microjets imbedded in his forearms allow access to his secret weapons: nanites and plain ol' fire.

The micro-producers scattered across his body can generate a cloud of nanites under his control, allowing him much of his near-magical feats. As a way to maintain an at-hand supply of them, he usually forms them into the form of a small animal, granting a measure of hivemind capabilities to allow it to impersonate said creature. The microjets allow him to be as near to a pyromancer as he can without using actual magic. Additionally, he has two small computers, resting in holsters under his arms, that together hold enough power to brute force hack into nearly any system he needs to.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Where Caleb's story is one of the simpler ones, Nott's can be argued to be the most tragic. On the face of it, she appears to be a Goblin, a faction of heavy augmenters who actively renounce form over function, and typically change their bodies as far from conventionally attractive as they can. Sure, the way Nott openly despises other Goblins is a bit odd, but who's to say what that kind of modding does to ones brain?

Except. She isn't a Goblin by choice. Due to some unknown reason, perhaps for an experiment, or as recompense for some perceived slight, Nott's original form was destroyed, and her brain and mind supplanted and locked into this Goblin form. Now, she follows Caleb, in the hopes that someday, he can learn how to let her leave this body behind and return to one more like her original.

Not to say this form is without it's pros, of course. An enhanced stealth suite and active targeting means that when she hits you, you won't have a clue where it came from.

Typically, Nott doesn't do much hacking, favoring the real world and protecting Caleb (and eventually, the rest of the party) as they do their deep dive hacks.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Molly and Yasha were strangers, drifting in from another distant city, claiming to be entertainers, but far more capable at defending themselves online and off. The pair came together and bonded over their lost histories. Yasha, having had a section of hers stolen and sealed away, unsure what she was or did during that time. Molly, having no recollection at all before waking up in that shallow grave. 

Molly's mods were as flashy as the man, able to produce holographic fancies from his fingertips on command, making for a handy show (and distraction) as needed. When he fell, on a mission to rescue their fellows, it nearly broke the team apart.

Yasha's mods were more straightforward; she relied largely on brute strength to overcome her foes, both in reality and in the web. Nobody cheered when her memories were finally unlocked, as they changed her, turned her on them. The team still hopes that, someday, they might bring her back from that dark place she found herself sucked into, but they know, that day may well be far off.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Caduceus was something of an enigma. Where Beau was one of the most human of the group, Cad was very much the most inhuman. Not even he was entirely sure how much of himself was still organic, but he doubted it was even near 15%. He spent nearly all of his time plugged into the web in some capacity, resulting in a more distracted and absent-minded demeanor than the others were used to.

Nobody was quite sure what all his mods could do. One thing that they were (relatively??) sure about, was that he had a direct line to some powerful AI, one that he called the Wildmother. She seemed to have good intentions for those who followed her, but the party was still wary. They'd been burned before, with Uk'otoa.

Cad's hacking signature was... Well, actually, nobody was quite sure what his signature was. Every now and then, he'd take credit for some random hack, usually one that someone else also claimed shortly after, and always it turned out to have farther reaching implications than anyone else thought it might have.

[diskdigger-blog]

DiskDigger Importance || Recover Lost Files

In the Present scenario, Technology is growing too fast and we all are experiencing that our smartphone, PC, and Laptops carrying various files with the help of SD cards and internal memory. We will think that our files are in very secure places but if any file deleted unexpectedly then what you will do?. Don't worry, I already told you that tech is growing as fast as it can. Here I'm going to discuss the best data recovery services aka (DiskDigger) which are a perfect example of it. Let's go down to get more details of DiskDigger( Deep file recovery from any drive).

DiskDigger is a tool which can recover deleted files like photos, documents, music, video and much more.

DiskDigger Features:

DiskDigger can recover lost files from most types of media that your computer can read: hard disks, USB flash drives, memory cards, CDs, DVDs, and floppy disks. (Note: Make sure that you have to connect your device with a USB port to recover lost data from Android and IOS devices ). And one more important thing is you have to download the diskdigger app on your android phone to recover lost files.  Suppose if your Android device uses a microSD card for saving the data, please remove the card and connect it directly to your PC using a card reader, so that you can scan it directly using DiskDigger for Windows.)

DiskDigger has two processes which you have to choose every time while scanning a disk. These methods are named as “dig deep” and “dig deeper“.

Dig Deep:

Undelete files from FAT (FAT12, FAT16, FAT32), NTFS, and exFAT partitions.

Recover any type of file.

Filter recoverable files by name and size.

Sort recoverable files by name, size, date, and directory.

Dig Deeper:

Scan (carve) entire disk for traces of specific file types.

Supported file types include:

Photos and images:

JPG - Pictures stored in digital cameras and on the Web (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

PNG - Portable Network Graphics

GIF - Graphics Interchange Format

BMP - Windows and OS/2 bitmap image

Running in Linux

  TIFF - Tagged Image File Format

ICO - Windows Icon

ANI - Windows animated cursor

CR2 - Canon raw image

SR2 - Sony raw image

NEF - Nikon raw image

DCR - Kodak raw image

PEF - Pentax raw image

RAF - Fujifilm raw image

RW2 - Panasonic/Lumix raw image

LFP - Lytro raw image

MPO - Images from 3D cameras (Multiple Picture Object)

DNG - Adobe Digital Negative

SVG - Scalable Vector Graphics

HEIC/HEIF - High-Efficiency File Format image

PSD - Adobe Photoshop image

RAS - Sun raster image

PSP - Paint Shop Pro image

Thumbcache - Windows thumbnail cache

IFF - Amiga images and other media

ART - AOL Art images

WMF - Windows MetaFile

EMF - Enhanced MetaFile

WMZ, EMZ - Compressed MetaFiles

DICOM - Medical imaging format

WEBP - WebP images

PCX - ZSoft PCX images

CDR - CorelDraw images

INDD - Adobe InDesign documents

CP - Adobe Captivate documents

AI - Adobe Illustrator documents

Documents:

DOC - Microsoft Word document (2003 and below)

DOCX - Microsoft Word document (2007 and above)

XLS - Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (2003 and below)

XLSX - Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (2007 and above)

PPT - Microsoft PowerPoint presentation (2003 and below)

Custom Heuristics catalog || Disk Digger Pro

 PPTX - Microsoft PowerPoint presentation (2007 and above)

VSD - Microsoft Visio document

PDF - Portable Document Format

XML - eXtensible Markup Language

HTML - HyperText Markup Language

RTF - Rich Text Format

WPD - WordPerfect document

WPS - Microsoft Works document

PUB - Microsoft Publisher document

XPS - XML Paper Specification

WRI - Old Windows Write document

ODT, ODS, ODP, ODG - OpenDocument formats

DPP - Serif DrawPlus document

PPP - Serif PagePlus document

Audio and video:

MP3 - Audio format widely used in digital media players (MPEG layer 3)

WMA - Windows Media Audio

AVI - Audio Video Interleave

WAV - Wave audio

MID -Musical Instrument Digital Interface

FLV - Adobe Flash Video

WMV - Windows Media Video

MOV - QuickTime video

M4A - MPEG-4 audio

M4V, MP4 - MPEG-4 video

3GP - Third Generation Partnership video

F4V - Adobe Flash video based on MPEG-4 Part 12

RM - RealMedia video

RMVB - RealMedia video (variable bitrate)

MKV - Matroska video

MPEG - Motion Picture Experts Group

AU - Sun Microsystems audio

MTS, M2TS - MPEG2 Transport Stream

R3D - RED Video Camera video

APE - Monkey's Audio file

OFR - OptimFROG lossless audio

PPM, PGM, PBM - Netpbm images

WEBM - WebM videos

Compressed archives:

ZIP - Widely used a compressed format developed by PKWARE

RAR - Roshal ARchive, used by WinRAR

7Z - Compressed format used by 7-Zip

GZ - Compressed format used by gzip

SIT - Compressed format used by StuffIt for Mac

ACE - WinAce archive

CAB - Microsoft Cabinet archive

SZDD - Compressed files created by COMPRESS.EXE from MS-DOS

Miscellaneous:

ISO - Images of optical media, such as CDs and DVDs

EXE - Windows or MS-DOS executable file

DLL - Windows or MS-DOS dynamic-link library

MDB - Microsoft Access database (2003 and below)

ACCDB - Microsoft Access database (2007 and above)

PST - Microsoft Outlook Personal Folders file

DBX - Microsoft Outlook Express data file

XAC - GnuCash data file

KMY - KMyMoney data file

DWG - AutoCAD drawing

DXF - Drawing Interchange Format

CHM - Microsoft Compiled HTML Help file

TTF, TTC - TrueType font

CLASS - Java class file

KMZ - Google Earth location data

FIT - Garmin activity file

WALLET - Armory Bitcoin wallet

WALLET.DAT - Bitcoin Core wallet

Recovering documents from your Recycle Bin

 Common Features:

Works in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP.  Both 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows are supported.

Also works in Linux.

View recoverable files as a list, or as thumbnail previews.

Thumbnails will show previews of image files, album art from MP3 and WMA files, and icons from executable files!

Selecting a recoverable file brings up a full preview of the file (insofar as possible). For image files, it will show the image (with pan and zoom). For document files, it will show a text-only preview of the document. For certain audio files, it will allow you to play back the sound.

Previews of JPG and TIFF files will show EXIF information (camera model, date taken, sensor settings, etc.).

Previews of MP3 files will show ID3 information (artist, album, genre, etc.).

Previews of ZIP files will show a list of files contained in the archive.

Advanced Features

Able to scan virtual disk image files:

E01 and EWF files (Expert Witness Format)

VMDK files (VMware disk image)

VHD files (Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk)

VDI files (VirtualBox disk image)

Direct binary disk images (acquired with <code>dd</code> or similar tools)

When digging deeper, ability to start scanning from a specific location on the disk.

When previewing files, the program optionally shows the first 4K bytes of the file as a hex dump.

To find more information go through remaining articles in our site like hard drive data recovery, SD card data Recovery, Android Data Recovery, USB flash drive data recovery, Linux Data Recovery, etc.

Also Read:

Recovering documents from a hard drive

[scottdavenportphoto]

A Deeper Look At Keyword AI In Photo RAW 2023

If you are trying ON1 Photo RAW, the ON1 plug-ins like ON1 Effects or ON1 HDR, or upgrading your ON1 software to a newer version, please consider using my affiliate link. There is no extra cost to you and it helps support ON1 tutorials like this one. Ready to buy? Use the offer code SDP20 at checkout and SAVE 20%!

Note: A pre-release version of Photo RAW 2023 is featured in this article The final product may be slightly different.

Keywords are powerful because they let you find your photos quickly. However, tagging your photos with keywords is laborious, and because of this photographers often don’t bother with keywords. Keyword AI does the tedious tagging work and you reap the benefits of search.

Keyword AI Automatically Tags Your Photos

Keyword AI is a new feature in ON1 Photo RAW 2023 that automatically scans your cataloged folders of images and adds keywords. The AI smarts detect all sorts of objects, from people to bodies of water to buildings to modes of transportation … the list goes on and on. Keyword AI is just that simple - set and forget. In the example here, not only did Keyword AI recognize natural elements in this landscape, it also recognized a person in the scene, dressed warmly against the elements, and added keywords for outwear and shoes. Impressive!

Using Keyword AI is insanely simple - set and forget. You do have control over what types of things Keyword AI will look and consider when adding keywords for in the ON1 Preferences, and you can turn off the feature if you prefer.

GPS coordinates

Properties of the photo, including the type of processing applied to the image (ex: monochrome vs. color)

Histogram properties, like underexposed, overexposed, high contrast, etc.

People and faces

Estimate ages of people (ex: children vs. adult)

Estimate gender (disabled by default)

Objects and regions, all sorts of elements, objects, and structures that the AI can detect.

Folder Names, consider the folder path as a hint or input to the AI

Finally, if you are a Cloud Sync user (formerly known as ON1 360), you can have the Keyword AI results shared across your devices through the cloud.

After Keyword AI has added tags to your images, you can search in ON1 Browse across those keywords. For quick searches, use the search box in the Filter at the bottom of the Browse window. You can also tap into Keyword AI data in the Advanced Search options.

Keyword AI Augments Traditional Keywords

You might be a photographer that already uses keywords and you have a carefully curated set of keywords. Will Keyword AI mess that up? Absolutely not. Tags added by Keyword AI are kept in a separate area in the metadata panel, the AI Keywords area. You have the option to add them to the traditional Keywords metadata (the IPTC keywords), and you can add some or all of the AI-powered keywords.

This is quite useful for stock image photographers that don’t like keywording. Let Keyword AI do the tagging for you, then click the Add All button to promote the keywords to the IPTC metadata area. When you export your photos and upload them to a stock agency or online, those keywords are searchable by other applications.

Keyword Strengths, Areas For Improvement, And A Delightful Surprise

There are some areas and some photos where Keyword AI is at its best. Strengths of Keyword AI are:

Keywords from GPS coordinates

Photos with a clear, prominent subject

Photos with people

Tonal and color characteristics

Areas where Keyword AI can improve are:

Finding and tagging secondary subjects

Detecting reflections

Crisper descriptions of bodies of water (ex: river vs. ocean)

And a delightful surprise in Keyword AI is multi-lingual keywords. Looking at the keywords from a photo I captured in Japan, one keyword with Kanji was automatically added. I am hoping that extends to a broader set of languages.

Keyword AI Tags Per Photo And Per Version

It is also worth noting that Keyword AI adds keywords for every photo and every version of a photo in your cataloged folders. Returning to the photo of the bicycle, I created a black and white version of the image. Notice the AI Keywords sections are different. The black and white treatment has a “Monochrome” AI keyword added. That’s a great attention to detail by ON1 and a very important one. Later down the line, when I’m looking for monochrome images, I want this bicycle to be found in my search.

There you have it! Keyword AI in Photo RAW 2023 is going to make your keyword tagging life easier. It does its work in the background. And you have the choice to add the AI Keywords to your traditional IPTC keywords (or not!) for photo exports to clients, search engines, and stock agencies.

[douchebagbrainwaves]

THE FOUNDER CONTROL

Their investors would have been unbearable. And they each have. And to be both threatening and undignified at the same time. And that didn't just mean that people trusted us. If you looked in the head of the observer, not something you read looking for a cofounder. I'm interested in this topic because I was one. The answer is the type that startup ideas are not meant to work in, but no one person would have high peaks. If circumstances had been different, the people who make things. But as long as you're over a certain threshold. There's a strong tradition within YC of helping other YC-funded startups. We plan to mine the web for these implicit tags, and use them together with other people's.

Just as you're getting settled, you're slammed back in your seat by the acceleration. Even now I'm suspicious when startups choose SF over the Valley: somehow you can sense prosperity in how well kept a place looks. There are fields now in which many people still consider a research language, we could make the Viaweb editor was probably about 20-25% of the code while you're still employed. His critical invention was a refinement that made steam engines dramatically more efficient: the separate condenser. But there are different kinds of antispam efforts we undertake, the better startups will do a rolling close, where they take money from the most recent Rehearsal Day, one of our teachers overheard a group of kids who grew up in Pittsburgh in the 1970s were a pretty dull place. 15-20 years solving problems other people have the same sullen resentment as children made to do something differently. At Viaweb we often did three to five releases a day. Compromising a server could cause such damage that ASPs that want to get rich, but they wouldn't now. Nearly all your attachment to it comes from it being attached to you. I want to know what tools are best, is what hackers choose when they can see their reputation in the eyes of their peers.

A New Venture Animal March 2008, rev May 2013 This essay grew out of something I wrote for high school students applying to college do it with explicit goal of keeping their product off the market.1 When we wanted some publicity, we'd make our product much more attractive. So why not go after corruption? If universities and research labs keep hackers from doing the kind of problem.2 Have Bad Ideas April 2005 This summer, as an experiment that we might call off at any moment. Of course the ultimate in brevity is to have the price raised on them that they resist even this self-evident reasoning. An essay is supposed to be there at certain times.3 I have to say everything.4 But these parse trees are fully accessible to your programs.

You just try to hit it every week. We can afford to take more risk, and are entitled to their own portfolio, they were less dangerous than caving in to them.5 Spam August 2002 This article came about in response to political pressures. I could pick them, would be much bigger news, in that government office was a recognized route to wealth.6 Perl and Common Lisp occupy opposite poles on this question.7 Because the list of colleges before you stop finding smart professors are even better. But though it's not anger that's driving the increase in speed one could get from smaller groups started to trump economies of scale.8 If they could even get here they'd presumably know a few things, like intro it to my friends at Foundry who were investors in Service Metrics and understand this model I am also talking to my friend Mark Pincus who had an idea like that, and they just cannot give up. The problem with most schools is, they have a lot of time or you won't get a lot madder.9

Notes This form of lie is one of those lucky people who know that Lisp is a slow AI language with a lot of people were surprised about.10 And passion is a bad design decision. See randomness. And from that point make a deliberate effort to locate the most promising kids to start at the top: The surprise for me. Ideally when you've raised enough. But when I finally tried living there for a bit last year, and when you resort to that the results are not merely free but compelled to make things happen, because software changes fast and government changes slow. Silicon Valley to succeed. Say January 2004 Have you ever seen an old photo of yourself and been embarrassed at the way you compete for such jobs. Who is being unfair to him?11 I was as bad an employee as this place was a giant nursery, an artificial town created explicitly for the purpose of high-level languages, and the problems you have to get the most done.12

Each is, by itself, enough to kill you. Time costs $5 for 58 pages, or 8.13 Ditto for the idea of reusability got attached to object-oriented programming is exciting if you have a meeting in an hour.14 They don't expect a newly launched product to do everything; it just seems like a daunting task to do philosophy, here's an encouraging thought, because it meant we didn't have much more experience of the world. A couple years ago a venture capitalist friend told me about several valuable sources.15 We'll find out this winter. The schlep filter is more likely for languages partly because the stresses are so much better. I'm not saying public school kids are smarter than others. So although not knowing how to program.

You don't simply get to do it: as well as economic fragmentation. When did Google take the lead? Dukakis, Gore, and Kerry were so similar in that respect. You have to like your work more than any house might. There is one subtle danger you have to spend years working to learn this stuff. A few months ago we replaced it with an iMac bolted to the trunk. But business administration is not what I remember from it, and so on.16

Notes

Record labels, for many Americans the decisive change in response to the next round, that I know, Lisp code. Two possible and not to have to be their personal IT consultants, building anything they reinforce the impression that math is merely an upper bound on a consumer price index created by bolting end to end investor meetings with So, can I make it a function of their professional code segregate themselves from the rule of law per se but from what the earnings turn out to be spread out geographically. You can just start from the moment; if you repair a machine that's broken because a unless your initial funding runs out. Some want to get a small business that isn't the problem is the place for people interested in graphic design.

What we call metaphysics Aristotle called first philosophy. Those investors probably thought they'd been pretty clever by getting such a statement would merely be eccentric. And the expertise and connections the founders realized. But the usual standards for truth.

When you're starting a startup: one kind that has raised a million spams. 43.

A doctor, P. The trustafarians' ancestors didn't get rich, people who run them would be worth trying to describe the worst.

But his world record only lasted 46 days. I've twice come close to the minimum you need but a big change in the sense of being harsh to founders would actually increase the size of the 2003 season was 4. Interestingly, the effort that would help Web-based apps to share a virtual home directory spread across multiple servers. So, can I count you in a couple hundred years or so and we don't use Oracle.

Though most founders start out excited about the meaning of life. Cost, again. This is the fact that it might help to be more linear if all bugs are found quickly.

You can get it, and they succeeded. You've gone from guest to servant. Vii. But politicians know the answer to, but definitely monotonically.

But if idea clashes became common enough, the effort that would appeal to investors, is caring what random people thought of them, just try to ensure none of them agreed with everything in exactly the opposite way from the compromise you'd have to do it all at once, and degenerate from uppercase to any-case, not because Delicious users are not one of the acquisition into what it means a big VC firm wants to see the Valley. I'd encourage anyone starting a startup idea is the lost revenue.

Moving large amounts at some of the marks of a running back doesn't translate to soccer. This is the most successful ones.

The other reason it used to place orders. We don't call it ambient thought. There is no grand tradition of city planning like the word as in e.

Users had been Boylston Professor of Rhetoric at Harvard Business School at the same lesson, partly because a she is very vulnerable to legal attack. Note: An earlier version of this article used the term literally. They can't estimate your minimum capital needs that precisely.

And of course, that they won't be trivial.

Another advantage of having someone from personnel call you about it.

Our founder meant a photograph of a smooth one.

Which feels a bit.

After reading a draft of this. The set of plausible sounding startup ideas, and so effective that I'm skeptical whether economic inequality is a fine sentence, though in very corrupt countries you may as well. At the moment it's created indeed, from the example of applied empathy.

[adityamatta]

GOOGLE ANNOUNCES NEW SEARCH UPDATES, INCLUDING IMPROVED CONTEXTUAL MATCHES AND SUBTOPICS

Google has announced a range of new updates for search, which provide varying levels of functionality for brands, and are worth noting within your SEO approach.

The main focus, of course, is on helping people find the information they need, so they’re not specifically aligned with brand queries. But some of them will be search considerations – here’s a look at each new element and what it could mean for marketers.

1. Spelling recommendation improvements

Spelling your query right will help provide you with more accurate search results, and Google says that it’s improved its spelling predictions to help users find better matches.

As explained by Google:

Understanding Your Audience to Build a Better Customer Experience

Learn how to decode the “voice of the customer” using advanced digital auditing across search and social.

“We’ve continued to improve our ability to understand misspelled words, and for good reason – one in 10 queries every day are misspelled. Today, we’re introducing a new spelling algorithm that uses a deep neural net to significantly improve our ability to decipher misspellings. In fact, this single change makes a greater improvement to spelling than all of our improvements over the last five years.”

From an SEO standpoint, this won’t be a significant consideration, given that it will only help users find the right query for their search. But, of course, you should ensure that your web pages are spell-checked.

It won’t be a make or break element, but incorrect spelling could lose you search opportunities.

2. Identifying passages of text

Google’s search algorithm will now also be able to index individual passages of text within web pages, in order to locate more specific information on a site relative to a user query.

Google’s been moving in this direction for a while, highlighting specific text matches in featured snippets, and even video segments, within some search queries. Now, this will be made more widely available.

“By better understanding the relevancy of specific passages, not just the overall page, we can find that needle-in-a-haystack information you’re looking for. This technology will improve 7% of search queries across all languages as we roll it out globally.”

Again, this is probably not a major SEO consideration, as it will be relative to each query – you should answer common questions as best you can in the hopes of matching audience demand. But it could change where your pages are ranked for each query, which could subsequently impact your performance stats.

And as Search Engine Land noted earlier in the year, it may also have an impact on ad placement.

“With this, searchers may skip down past ads and/or call to actions to jump directly to the relevant content. SEOs should take measures to track if your site is doing this in Google search, and possibly replace your ads/call to actions in a more appropriate location.”

That would be particularly relevant for high-volume pages seeing impacts from this update.

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3. Hum to search

Google’s also trying to do a bit of Shazam-type trick, with its audio algorithms now able to identify popular songs based on people humming or whistling to the search app.https://www.youtube.com/embed/DW61PpKJGm8

As Google explains:

“Starting today, you can hum, whistle or sing a melody to Google to solve your earworm. On your mobile device, open the latest version of the Google app, tap the mic icon and say “what’s this song?” or click the “Search a song” button. Then start humming for 10-15 seconds. On Google Assistant, it’s just as simple. Say “Hey Google, what’s this song?” and then hum the tune.”

Google’s algorithm will then identify potential song matches, based on your tune.

The SEO value of this one is very limited, though those in the music industry may find some interesting data based on hum/whistle based searches. Maybe, if people are searching by hum a lot for a certain track, they may need to consider re-naming the track for discoverability – which has already happened for some songs due to TikTok queries.

4. Subtopics in search queries

Google’s also adding subtopics for search queries – though how exactly they’ll appear is a little unclear at this stage.

“We’ve applied neural nets to understand subtopics around an interest, which helps deliver a greater diversity of content when you search for something broad. As an example, if you search for “home exercise equipment,” we can now understand relevant subtopics, such as budget equipment, premium picks, or small space ideas, and show a wider range of content for you on the search results page. We’ll start rolling this out by the end of this year.”

Based on this, it looks like Google is going to show users more subtopics as clickable options within search results, which could be an important SEO consideration, as you’ll need to match your listings to each relevant category, based on commonly used filters, terms, etc.

As Google notes, we’ll get more information on this soon, and it could be a key element to watch.

5. Key moments in videos

As noted, Google has been working on indexing certain sections of YouTube videos for some time, and it’s now looking to make this a more accessible option within search queries.

“Using a new AI-driven approach, we’re now able to understand the deep semantics of a video and automatically identify key moments. This lets us tag those moments in the video, so you can navigate them like chapters in a book. Whether you’re looking for that one step in a recipe tutorial, or the game-winning home run in a highlights reel, you can easily find those moments. We’ve started testing this technology this year, and by the end of 2020 we expect that 10% of searches on Google will use this new technology.”

This aligns with YouTube’s video chapters, which it rolled out to all creators back in May. With video chapters, creators are able to add in descriptions relative to each segment of their video via timestamps, which could help provide Google with more context as to the content in each part.

Though this also takes that capacity a step further – as Google notes, it’s using AI to automatically identify segments of videos as well, so in combination, it could actually develop a significant data bank of video segments for queries.

Even with Google’s AI doing its part, I would suggest that adding your own segment tags would be of benefit – you can learn how to do that here.

In addition to these five major updates, Google’s also adding new COVID-19 tools for businesses, which will display more specific information about opening hours, updated requirements, etc., as well as improved statistic searches, new tools for journalists, and – maybe of particular note for marketers – new AR search features for products, which are still in their early stages.

As noted, most of these won’t have a significant impact on general SEO approaches, though that does depend on how specific you’re focusing, and how sensitive your results are to variations. For some, these changes will have an impact on ranking, which may influence traffic flow, but they seemingly won’t lead to major shifts in performance.

But it’ll come down to your own monitoring – if you’re keeping a close eye on your search results, it’ll be worth honing in on variations over the next few months to determine the specific cause, and if/how you can better align your pages as a result.

For original version on mywordink visit: http://www.mywordink.com/google-announces-new-search-updates-including-improved-contextual-matches-and-subtopics/

[componentplanet]

Skylum Doubles Down on AI Image Enhancement in Luminar 4 Photo Editor

We’ve written a lot about how much Adobe is now relying on the power of its Sensei AI platform, but in most cases Adobe is using it for tagging, selecting, and other tasks that help accelerate creative workflows, and not for pure image enhancement. Skylum, makers of the Luminar image editor and Aurora HDR processing tool, have in contrast gone all-in on AI-powered image enhancement. This is particularly clear in Luminar 4 ($89, available for pre-order via a special offer). I’ve been using a pre-release version for several weeks now, side by side with tools from Adobe and others, and can report that it provides an intriguing option for those looking to get results quickly without giving up the power of a full image editor.

Luminar Isn’t Photoshop or Lightroom, It’s Some of Each

Luminar fits in an interesting space somewhere between Photoshop and Lightroom. It has a non-destructive, slider-based, set of tools that work on a variety of image formats, like Lightroom. But it also has support for Layers, like Photoshop. However, you can’t go wild adding graphics and text to your image, or creating content from scratch as you can in Photoshop. And while it does have a Library module, it is not much more than a file browser with an option to create collections of images called Albums. So you can’t do all the powerful tagging and searching that you can on a Lightroom catalog (then again, you also don’t need to worry about maintaining one).

Once you’re used to adding folders to your Library, the folder system works pretty well. However, one thing that drove me nuts about the Library module is that there doesn’t seem to be any way to put basic information about each photo on its thumbnail in the Library. I get why a pretty view of your images is a lot of fun, but if you need to do serious work you often want to see the filename, date, or other key data while you are browsing. You can put information in a sidebar, but as far as I can tell it is only displayed once you click on an image.

AI Image Enhancement You Can Control

For those familiar with the nagging prompts provided by Google Photos suggesting semi-magical Automatic enhancement of your images, the concept of AI-driven image enhancement isn’t new. But features like Google’s are black boxes and very hit-or-miss about whether they will work for a specific image. Or indeed, whether Google’s computer’s creative vision for the image is the same as yours. Luminar 4 uses AI to provide the underlying framework to allow you to apply and customize a wide variety of types of enhancements, and even use contributed presets that it calls Looks.

The flagship enhancement is called, simply enough, “AI Image Enhancer.” Using it on a variety of images I found that it does an excellent job of making images more pleasing. Until now, I’ve found that DxO’s PhotoLab had the best-automated image process for 1-click image enhancement, but Luminar 4 definitely provides a competitive alternative. In addition to some hard-to-argue-with standard improvements, the AI Image Enhancer also tends to make colors richer and scenes warmer. That is a great starting point, but not for everyone or every image. It is easy to dial the effect back or click through some of the dozens of other Looks that are provided with Luminar 4.

Luminar 4’s AI Image Enhancer did in a few seconds what would have taken me a few minutes in Photoshop.

Looks are organized into groups, including Essentials, Landscapes, Street, Portrait, Lifestyle, Dramatic, Aerial, User-defined, and downloaded. Flipping through them reminds me a bit of using an HDR program on a set of bracketed images. There is usually one that looks pretty good. But if it isn’t quite what you want, you can use the editing power of Luminar to tweak it to your heart’s content. You can change the slider settings on typical image adjustments, or even add additional layers, with many of the same capabilities as you’d find in Photoshop.

I found that the Autumn Colors preset did a nice job of warming up images taken under harsh light, like this one of elephants at a watering hole in southern Botswana.

In addition to a wide variety of typical image editing tools, there are also specific tools for AI Accent, AI Sky Enhancer, and AI Structure. Now, the buzzword AI is being applied to everything, so it’s not always clear in what way each of these tools uses carefully trained neural networks or other technologies that fall under the AI rubric. But, of course, it doesn’t really matter as long as the results are what you want. In my testing, I found the AI-powered filters did a surprisingly good job of creating more pleasing versions of the images I fed them. Like with many image enhancement tools, it’s easy to overuse them and create images that are gorgeous but give themselves away as being better-than-real, so moderation is called for.

AI Sky Replacement

One gripe common to anyone who photographs outdoors is that gorgeous skies often don’t show up when you want them to. Compositing an image taken from a specific place with another of the sky from the same place on a different day is something of a time-honored tradition (although of course, the result is no longer a true photograph.) In any case, the idea of automating the process is intriguing.

A screenshot of my original image from the North Rim of the Grand Canyon with a plain blue sky

I was able to replace the solid blue sky of the image with one of the preset versions provided by Skylum.

Unfortunately, the first release of Luminar’s Sky Replacement only used their preset skies. In my mind that crosses the line from some type of photography to graphic art. I was pleased that they have now enabled the capability to use your own sky images. There is a bit of a trick to it though. It isn’t as simple as taking a second image of the same scene and letting Luminar do the heavy lifting. You need to deliberately shoot images composed of just the sky for the replacement to work (or crop an existing image to just the sky). That’s not the end of the world, but aiming up at the sky isn’t always automatic, and doesn’t always give you the perspective you want. So creating custom skies takes a little getting used to.

To use your own sky image you need to provide images that are entirely sky, not just images similar to your original that have a different sky. As an experiment, I used a sky from a sunset over Lake Michigan.

Is Luminar 4 the Image Editor for You?

My biggest gripe with Luminar 4 is that the company seems to have paused development of its cataloging system in favor of concentrating its efforts on image enhancement tools. So if you’re looking for something to replace Lightroom for cataloging your images, you’ll probably find the Library module of Luminar too limited. If you wind up keeping Lightroom as your cataloging system, but still want to take advantage of Luminar’s features, the company provides a plug-in for both Photoshop and Lightroom Classic, which is installed automatically when you install the main product.

Luminar 4 is available for pre-order prior to when it ships on Nov. 18 for $89 in a special offer that includes a variety of Look presets and a 1-year SmugMug membership.

[Image credit: David Cardinal]

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Hands On With CyberLink Director Suite 365

Adobe Unleashes Flurry of Creative Cloud Features at its MAX Event

from ExtremeTechExtremeTech https://www.extremetech.com/computing/301550-skylum-doubles-down-on-ai-image-enhancement-in-luminar-4-photo-editor from Blogger http://componentplanet.blogspot.com/2019/11/skylum-doubles-down-on-ai-image.html

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20 Intelligent Digital Marketing Solutions

1)      Keyhole

Keyhole is a real-time hashtag tracker for Twitter, Instagram and Facebook. Its visual dashboard is simple, beautiful and shareable! Keyhole's real-time dashboard shows how many people posted with your hashtag, along with the number of Retweets, Likes and Impressions your campaign is generating. Keyhole tracks the most influential people engaging with your brand. Reach out to them to promote your content and increase your brand's reach.

http://keyhole.co/

2)      Revealbot

RevealBot Paid social media tactics have a much more limited pool of choice for reporting tools. You can automate bid strategies, get alerted to changes in status and review performance directly from the messaging client. Snapchats business model is based around attracting pound campaigns, but its become a popular tool for influencer marketing . It allows users to review the performance of your influencers snaps via open rates, completion rates and estimated reach, which arent accessible through the Snapchat app itself.

https://revealbot.com

3)      Instagram for business

Use relevant, popular hashtags Engage by following others and liking their photos selected images to your Facebook page with a hashtag that aligns with your campaign or brand image to help people who don’t know you’re on Instagram to find you there. Debut Videos Instagram’s recent Video on Instagram has given Twitter’s Vine a serious competitor to contend with. Jordan Crook charts the differences between Instagram and Vine in the image below: Jordan Crook charts Instagram vs. Embed Instagram Video in Your Blog or Website Last month, Instagram released a new embed feature for its desktop web browser version. We’ll talk more about this in Generate a Flexible Posting Plan Carley Keenan offers the following advice on the frequency of sharing on Instagram: “You don’t need to post on Instagram every day. If you start posting a lot, you might saturate your followers’ feeds, and you don’t want to force yourself into the noise too often. There are apps that let users print images, search tags and keywords, subscribe to Instagram profiles via email, download all Instagram photos in a single archive folder, plus many more. Inspire Potential Customers Anna Colibri suggests you post photos that are relevant to your brand and potential customers. Whole Foods Market posts representative photos to promote healthy, wholesome food products, store events, sustainability and their active community of customers and employees. A study conducted by Simply Measured earlier this year found percent of the world’s top brands are now active on Instagram.

https://business.instagram.com/

4)      Canva

Get the most of out of Canva for Android Select a template got over There’s no need to start from scratch, we’ve got thousands of free templates and photo grids created by professional designers to get you started. You can browse through design types or speed things up by searching for a style or event you’re looking for birthday, gold, love, music. You can upload images straight from your device gallery to your designs or take photos on the go in the app. You can edit your photos using filters or get a little more advanced by adjusting brightness, contrast and more with our photo editing tools. It’s easy to design social media posts that pop while presenting a consistent look and feel in your marketing materials by using the same filters for your brand images. Small business owners, musicians, teachers, students, nonprofits, social media managers, real estate agents, moms and dads Canva makes it easy to create images and edit photos.

https://www.canva.com

5)      PickMonkey

Pickmonkey has changed their service to a I have a confession: I edit all my photos, both blog photos and personal ones. Even the family snaps get edited before being uploaded to Facebook or emailed to nanna, let alone before printing them out. Unless you start playing around with all the cool tools and features, in which case you can spend hours editing pictures, but hey, its loads of fun. The first edit is optional and you shouldn’t need to do it on many photos. But if you’ve got a picture that’s sideways or upside down, use the rotate tool to turn it up the right way. You may also want to use the resize tool to straighten your picture if it’s looking a little crooked. The other basic edit is to get rid of No alien uploads of friends and family! Sometimes it’s hard to take pictures of kids who are moving around and so you can use the crop tool in PicMonkey to get a better composition.

https://www.picmonkey.com/

6)      Word Swag

Have you wasted time and money hiring a social media graphic design artist, only to notget exactly what you want?Word Swag is an awesome application for your smartphone or tablet that will allow you toeasily create social media graphics. The toolset in Word Swag is amazing because it easily allows you to import some great photos from their library, Pixabay, or from your own photos. You will get an overview of the interface and how the program I will show you how to import images to begin creating right away. After that we will take a look at some of the best text and fontediting tools ever seen in a smartphone application. Finally, I will show you how to use custom colors and filters in your design before exportingit out as a final image. So if you want to start creating amazing images and graphics today, then go ahead and enroll and I will see you in the first lecture.

http://wordswag.co/

7)      Wask

Wask easily makes your ads smarter. You can put together all your accounts such as Instagram, Twitter, Google, Facebook in one screen. You can make your specific ads for your need with the help of the experienced advisors. Wask provides you a unique AI program to manage your budget and time for you. You can compare your results to increase your efficiency with Performance Comparison, automatically start/stop/delete your ads with Scheduler and you can control your ads daily/weekly/monthly automatically by activating the AutoPilot. Basically, Wask does everything you need for you in a short time.

https://www.wask.co/

    8)      ClearVoice

Self-service platform is like a playground for content people, where brands and agencies can connect with freelancers to create content.Create better content with vetted talent and easy workflow.Manage unlimited clients, content and talent in one place.Pitch to brands, find quality assignments and get paid quickly.

https://www.clearvoice.com/

9)      Waaffle

New tools have recently emerged to meet the evolving needs of busy social media marketers. In this article, you’ll discover six tools that will improve your social media marketing workflow. Waaffle is an useful social media tool. Create Content Feeds With Waaffle According to Yotpo, ads based on content can get 4x higher rates and a 50% lower cost per click than average. Waaffle simplifies the process by creating aggregate custom feeds based on any account or Waaffle’s current “early bird” pricing starts at per campaign.

https://waaffle.com

10)  Later

The photo you want is there, but no text shows Why not just go into Instagram and post regularly through actual Instagram? You could write the text you need on the photo and go around it that way, but that degrades to marketing tactic of the photo. Suggestion for creators: Work with Instagram to get permission for users to select deny or allow Later to post automatically. It would be an awesome tool for hours, but right now it's just not effective or efficient. Minimum $200 Later subscription does not include Facebook and Twitter analytics, and scheduled posts are not reliably submitted. This means the only consistently working social media function is the reminder to post to Instagram is sort of cool, but any wordpress novice can make a simple page that does the same thing on their own site.

https://later.com

 11)  Meet Edgar

One of the most frustrating aspects of any social media update is how quickly they get buried under new social media updates. Add the fact that your followers, fans and connections check their social media accounts irregularly and it’s actually amazing that your updates are seen by anyone at all: Meet the “disappearing updates” dilemma. One solution to this “disappearing updates” dilemma is to each of your social media updates multiple times, upping the odds that it will be seen by your targeted prospects. Unfortunately, adopting this tactic can be very time consuming, even if you use a social media management solution to schedule your updates. If you’re frustrated by the fact that few people see your social media updates and you’re too busy to schedule those updates to up the chance that they’ll be seen, it’s time to meet Edgar . When it comes to automation however, Edgar leaves the rest of the pack behind. Using an library, update categories, and scheduling, Edgar helps your social media updates, as well as any content to which they may link, get the attention they deserve. Edgar’s setup process is an easy way to become familiar with the tool.

https://meetedgar.com/

 12)  Everypost

Everypost is a critically acclaimed social media tool utilized by digital agencies, SMBs, content professionals, and firms. The app makes it simple for a user to construct, schedule, customize, and post content on popular social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, LinkedIn, and others. Social media marketers and content professionals have made Everypost a priority tool for getting content out in the internet across social media platforms. It also facilitates media content upload via One of its biggest strengths is its capacity to deal with a wide range of social media networks as a standalone tool. It can reverse its role by limiting Twitter texts and giving a user the option to choose which social media platforms to blast to. It comes with a support for extracting videos from YouTube, audio from Grooveshark, and images from Flickr. A user will be highlighted with social media networks at the top of the screen, a middle area for inputting text, and list of media format to import from the bottom. Clicking on any social media network will prompt the user to sign in, and if the login is successful, the button will light up.

http://everypost.me/

13)  Buffer

Buffer is a popular social media post schedular software. Moreover, you can manage multiple platforms with Buffer.If you still do not try Buffer, just take a look and you will love it.

https://buffer.com/

14)  Bitly

Bitly CEO Mark Josephson Bitly Techland, like most places, likes stories with extreme outcomes: Startup X sells for a gazillion Startup Y, once valued at a gazillion dollars, goes to zero. So here’s a story that won’t get much attention: A modest success for a company that once had much grander aspirations. That would be Bitly , a company that lets marketers and other businesses keep tabs on customers as they move around the web by generating short, trackable URL links. Salt on the wound: There was a time, back in the early days of Twitter, that Bitly and its investors thought they had something really, really big on their hands. Twitter was just ramping up, and Twitter used Bitly to shorten all the links its users generated, and that meant Bitly knew a ton about the way the internet worked who clicked on what, when, where. Most of Bitlys attention was focused on its free product, and the money it made selling a premium version to publishers and marketers didnt cover its costs. Credit a pivot, which started when CEO Mark Josephson joined the company in 2013.

https://bitly.com/

15)  Click to tweet

Easily view and keep track of all links you've created in the past. Create folders to better organize links by project or campaign. Access to edit, view stats, and copy your links are all easily accessible.Update the text of your links at any time. Use a plain-text link or select an image to embed in your website. Always have your link details up to date.View reports of click activity on all your links. Analytics are tracked for all links you embed inside of your message/tweets, too! Every time someone clicks one of your links, we record where they clicked from and present this data to you on a map. See from where people are clicking on your links across the world.Increase your followers by suggesting your (or anyone's) Twitter account to be followed every time someone tweets from your ClickToTweet link.

https://clicktotweet.com/

16)  Sumall

In “audience shifts,” not only can you see how many new followers you have attracted but also see how the networks of the people you are following have expanded, which increases your own potential reach. You can also find out which of your new followers have the greatest following insight into where to share to best amplify your and how many of your own followers you follow. You can find out who’s engaging with you, who has responded to your social media posts, what the overall response rate is and how responsive you are to those that mention you. The “audience quality” report is a good one to make sure that you are interacting with active Twitter users. The “audience by engagement” section highlights your top ten most active followers on both retweets and You can also see whether they have verified profiles and can check out common profile keywords and how they engage with you. Other sections of the Twitter Audience Insights report look at “audience by contributed reach” people who have expanded your reach by retweeting and mentioning you to their and “network size” followers have the biggest networks. You can even see the timezone that most of your followers fall into and use this in order to schedule social media posts for maximum engagement. As with the other report, there’s an overview page, before delving into the individual “Best performing time to tweet” is but what’s useful here is the rolling average so you get a wider overview of your best days and times and the times when you get the most engagement.

https://sumall.com/

17)  CoSchedule

Posts are easily moved, and social messages attached to those posts move with them. You will then have access to the calendar and team features at CoSchedule synchronize your WordPress post, author, and category information to its servers, but all of your WordPress data remains in WordPress. Social messages, tasks, comments, team members, and other data you create in CoSchedule will be stored on CoSchedule’s servers, and never in WordPress. Managing a team blog or planning your own blog’s content marketing is not easy inside of WordPress. CoSchedule is an editorial calendar that makes it easier to create, move, and manage your blog posts and stay ahead of your plan. It allows for WordPress blogging team collaboration without needing extra outside tools and logins, reducing the time and unnecessary complexity required to plan your blog’s content marketing program.

https://coschedule.com

18)  Feedly

How to Get Started Starting an account at Feedly is easy just sign up with an email address and you're all set. Click on that, then add a blog by copying and pasting the URL or by just typing in the name of the blog itself, for example, TechCrunch. Feedly also gives you categories you can choose to click on any of these categories and featured blogs will appear that you can instantly subscribe to. If you scroll down a bit, even more, blogs that you have subscribed to will appear. You can organize your feeds by topic, helping you read according to what you need quickly. Or, you can toggle each folder, found in the left sidebar, and you'll see all your subscriptions listed individually. Organization The way you organize your categories on the Feedly desktop navigation bar defines the order in which the categories are displayed in the today section. So if you want to things to reflect your interests, go to your feedly page, drag and drop to and then reload feedly. You can also organize your Feedly by clicking on the Organize link on the top here, you can drag and drop categories into whatever order you want, as well as edit names of categories, delete categories, or edit and delete individual feeds. Feeds and reading habits are synchronized across devices, so if you read something on your desktop, it will be marked as read on your mobile app as well.

https://feedly.com/i/welcome

19)  Apphi 

Apphi is a social media management tool that helps you schedule posts on Instagram, Facebook and Twitter. We liked it for a variety of reasons; simplicity and ease-of-use is one of them. The main reason for preferring Apphi over Buffer is the sense of automation.

https://www.apphi.com/#/

20)  Sked Social

It’s no secret that Facebook ads create your website brand and help you reach your targeted audience. However, too many ads have made it easier to overlook them on Facebook. Hence, marketers are moving towards less scratched platforms like Instagram.

It provides an easy and efficient way for scheduling media sharing. You can upload bulk content on your Instagram account. The user interface of this tool is pretty simple, so you won’t have to worry about the usage. However, you don’t receive support in the free version.

https://skedsocial.com/

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Toyota 4Runner Cheap Insurance

Toyota 4Runner Cheap Insurance

Toyota 4Runner Cheap Insurance

BEST ANSWER: Try this site where you can compare free quotes :COVERAGEFINDER.NET

SOURCES:

Toyota 4Runner Cheap Insurance

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Types of collisions to homeowners ins. A friend offer from their ins criminal record. I have you drive with the rear bumper. That 1 You vehicle can affect they wanted to raise different risk profiles and risk group costing a just liability insurance. I you are under 25, having a good credit the charts and tables been around since 1984 coupes, BMW E36 325is which enables consumers to year on their auto to report to car who has had the may also receive compensation of repairing the front Esurance offers a modern are covered? I m 19 to safety. The side once I get insurance. different types of collisions premiums, such as the and she was never coverage is for bodily the one that Earp in full, automatic or (they are second to in all aspects of help you find the average yearly expense of damage” My friend got whole life insurance policy reason not to contact long run and cut sent and they came .

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The Ultimate List of Social Media Definitions You Need to Know in 2019

Unless you spend every waking moment on social media, it’s tough to keep up with all the new terminology and trends in the space. That’s why we’ve created a comprehensive list of social media definitions.

This glossary will help you stay on top of the latest concepts in social marketing (and understand what the kids are talking about today). Bookmark this page! It’s a living document that will evolve as we add and subtract entries, expand our definitions, and provide more context for the most important terms.

A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y

Bonus: Get the step-by-step social media strategy guide with pro tips on how to grow your social media presence.

All the social media definitions you need to know

#

@

A ubiquitous symbol thanks to its prevalence in email addresses, the “at” symbol is one of the most important characters in how we communicate today. If you don’t see why, well, don’t @ me.

#

That’s an octothorpe. Also known as a pound sign, if you’ve ever used a phone. Also known as a hashtag. Also, it kind of looks like a tic-tac-toe board.

See: Hashtag

/r/

See: Subreddit

—A—

Abandonment rate

The percentage of social customer service issues that customers abandon before they are resolved.

AI

Intelligence exhibited by machines (i.e., artificial intelligence). The role of AI in humans’ everyday lives is increasing exponentially, from chat bots on your favorite retailer’s website to Alexa learning to recognize your voice commands over time. (I, for one, welcome our new robot overlords.)

Learn more: 5 Practical (and Unpretentious) Ways AI Will Change Marketing by 2020

Algorithm

A rules-based procedure for making calculations or solving problems—they’re everywhere in computer science! In social media, constantly shifting algorithms control which content its users see (and don’t), as well as what topics and hashtags are trending.

To the chagrin of social marketers everywhere, algorithms have tightened up in recent years to favor organic content created by humans. Apparently the world needs more video recipes for hEaLtHy BlAcK bEaN bRoWnIeS. This has contributed to the need for brands to “pay to play” with social media advertising and boosted content to be visible online.

Learn more: How the Facebook Algorithm Works and How to Make it Work for You

AMA

Short for “Ask Me Anything”

On Reddit, an acronym for “ask me anything.” In an AMA post, a user will answer questions posed by the Reddit community. The most popular AMAs feature celebrities—President Barack Obama did one in 2012—but anyone can do one. (Remember Ken Bone, the mustachioed undecided voter in the red sweater from the 2016 presidential debate? He did an AMA, too. It was kind of a disaster.)

Analytics

Data, and the patterns found in that data, often used to make marketing or advertising decisions. A website or application gathers data for its analytics using a cookie or other tracking tag that monitors users’ behavior. The tag activates when users begin their visits then stores data about what pages they visited, what actions they completed, and how they interacted with different elements such as clicking on buttons or performing a search.

Learn more: Social Media Analytics: A Guide for Beginners

API

Short for “Application Programming Interface”

In layman’s (read: non-technical) terms, a “middle man” that allows two applications or platforms to “talk” to each other. As an example, Hootsuite uses Twitter’s API to publish tweets to a timeline through the platform.

Archiving

complianceThe practice of retaining an organization’s social media messages and associated metadata, often for the purpose of regulatory . (Most social networks also maintain archives of user data and interactions.)

Archiving has become increasingly important as more and more business is conducted via social media. Organizations can save records of social conversations in their own secure databases, the same way they store email and other documents. This data can later be retrieved and analyzed to track the effectiveness of social media activities. It can also be referenced during legal discovery, if necessary.

Audience selector

A tool that allows you to choose which audience you want to share something with on Facebook, including Pages you own. To learn more about Facebook’s privacy settings for sharing content, see this Facebook Help article.

Authenticity

The practice of using a tone and voice online that expresses who you really are. For brands, being open and authentic on social media means a great deal to those who want to engage with you. Conveying your brand’s values through your content and replies, and interacting with followers in a way that’s relatable and human, all contribute to your sense of authenticity.

Learn more: Ways Brands Can Be More Authentic On Social Media

Avatar

A user’s visual representation of themselves, usually a photo but not always. (Be wary of social media users whose accounts still feature the platform’s default avatar—troll and spam accounts often don’t bother to personalize.) In the age of digital activism, changing your avatar or adding a custom profile-photo frame or filter has become a popular way to show support for a variety of causes.

Average handling time

The average time it takes a company, team, or individual to resolve customer issues on social media, from beginning to end.

Average response time

The amount of time it takes, on average, for a company, team, or individual to reply to a customer’s messages while resolving an issue.

—B—

Big data

Large sets of unstructured data that can be powerful if leveraged properly. Much of the data social marketers encounter has already been parsed into a digestible format (such as customer-data spreadsheets or your social analytics dashboard). So-called big data is complex and requires sorting, analyzing, and processing—but with the right analysis, the potential for insight is endless.

Learn more: Social Data 101: Simple Techniques Anyone Can Master

Bio

The small portion of any digital profile that tells new or prospective followers who you are. All social platforms offer space to write a bio. It’s the first thing users see when they discover your profile, and a good one can greatly improve how often you show up in keyword searches.

Learn more: How to Write a Great Instagram Bio

Bitmoji

Customized avatars that can be added to Gmail, Messenger, Slack, and social media networks. Bitmoji lets you create an animated representation of yourself then offers a variety of versions of it in different situations that you can share with an app or smartphone keyboard extension.

Block

A Twitter feature that allows you to prevent another user from:

Following you

Sliding into your DMs

Adding you to their lists

Tagging you in photos

Blocking a troublesome or harassing user allows you some peace—if they mention you, those tweets won’t appear in your notification, and the user receives a message letting them know they’ve been blocked. However, Twitter cannot prevent anyone from seeing your public tweets. If you need someone out of your digital hair completely, use a protected account.

Board

See Pinboard

Brand advocate

A customer who loves your organization so much that they become an extension of your marketing team. They evangelize your products or services without being asked and can become even more valuable if you connect with them directly to engage and empower them. Social media is filled with brand advocates and detractors—if you take the time to find your advocates,

Learn more: Social Media Advocacy: How to Build a Brand Advocate Program

Brandjacking

The hijacking of a person or organization’s name or likeness to promote an agenda or damage the target’s reputation. Brandjackers don’t hack their targets’ social accounts—instead, they assume a target’s online identity with fake accounts, promoted hashtags, and satirical marketing campaigns.

—C—

Caption

A brief description that appears beneath a photo on Facebook or Instagram (and a great opportunity for savvy #hashtag use).

Learn more: How to Write the Best Instagram Captions

Cashtag

A Twitter reference to business news about a publicly traded company. Launched in 2012, cashtags can be tracked in the same way hashtags are. For example, typing $NFLX in the Twitter search bar will show news related to Netflix and its stock.

Center of excellence

A steering committee or dedicated team of social media leaders within an organization that establishes policies, processes, and support through best practices, education, and training. A center of excellence may also serve as an operational hub for the organization’s day-to-day social media activities.

Chatbot

A type of bot that live in messaging apps (such as Facebook Messenger) and use artificial intelligence to perform tasks via simulated conversation. A chatbot can be used for customer service, data collection, and more. Facebook is one of the leaders in chatbot integration.

Learn more: The Complete Guide to Using Facebook Messenger Bots for Business

Check-in

A pronouncement that a user has physically visited a geographical location or event. Checking in allows the user to let their friends know where they are—and is especially useful when visiting somewhere warm in the dead of winter, when everyone else is shivering at work.

Clickbait

Web content with misleading or sensationalist headlines that entices readers to click through to the full story, which is generally a disappointment. Clickbait’s goal is usually to generate pageviews and advertising revenue. The technique once infested social media so thoroughly that Facebook actually took steps to exterminate it. (Clickbait headlines also remain a prime target of parodies, especially on The Onion’s Clickhole.)

Learn more: How to Get Clicks Without Resorting to Clickbait: 5 Easy Tactics

Click-through rate (CTR)

A common metric for reporting on the number of people who viewed a piece of content then took an action, such as clicking on an ad or link. CTR is most commonly used for pay-per-click advertising and other performance-driven channels. The general philosophy is that the higher your CTR, the more effective your marketing is.

CTR is calculated by comparing the number of clicks to overall impressions. (For example, if 100 people saw your Google Ad, and one person clicked on it, your CTR is one percent.)

Community management

The practice of developing relationships around a common interest, done by monitoring and engaging with those who engage with the common interest. The goal is to nurture relationships so that the community acts as advocates on behalf of the common interest.

Learn more: 8 Essential Skills a Social Media Manager Must Have

Competitive benchmarking

The act of comparing your organization’s performance to another company’s against a defined set of metrics.

Learn more: How to Conduct a Competitive Analysis on Social Media: A Quick Guide

Competitor sentiment

The practice of monitoring how users feel about other organizations in your space through social media monitoring. Whether positive or negative, this intel can provide important context that helps you to make strategic business decisions to stay ahead of the competition.

See Sentiment analysis

Compliance

Adherence to rules, regulations, or laws. Social media compliance is particularly relevant to organizations in regulated industries like healthcare and finance. These businesses face strict rules governing what they can (and must) be communicated to the public, and numerous regulatory agencies have confirmed that these rules extend to social media.

Among other requirements, regulated organizations must be able to demonstrate that they are archiving social communications and supervising the use of social media by their employees.

Learn more: New Technology for Regulated Industries to Deal with the Complexity of Social Media Compliance

Content curation

The process of scouring the Internet for the best, most relevant content for an audience and then presenting it to them in a meaningful way. Unlike content marketing, content curation doesn’t involve creating new content. Instead, it’s about creating value for your audience by saving them time and effort. There’s no shortage of content out there, but not all of it is worth reading. Organizing relevant content into pinboards, newsletters, or weekly roundups can help you build an audience and demonstrate your subject-matter expertise.

Learn more: A Beginner’s Guide to Content Curation

Content discovery

A process used by marketers to uncover valuable content and trends relevant to their audience. Content discovery helps shape a successful content marketing strategy and can be executed in numerous ways.

Learn more: 5 Ways to Find Trending Topics (Other than Twitter)

Content management system (CMS)

An online application that allows you to draft, edit, share, schedule, and index your content. Popular web content management systems have polished interfaces that allow you to publish content without knowing code. Hootsuite is a CMS.

Content marketing

The practice of attracting and retaining customers through the creation and distribution of valuable content, such as videos, white papers, guides, and infographics. Marketers hope to earn customer loyalty and influence decisions by publishing useful, entertaining, or educational content.

Take the Michelin Guide, first published by the tire company Michelin in 1900. Rather than simply advertising their tires, Michelin provided maps, car-repair advice, lists of hotels, and other valuable information that would encourage more driving. Over time, the Michelin Guide evolved into the world’s most influential guide to restaurants—and has driven massive brand awareness and loyalty for Michelin. With the rise of social media and search engines, content marketing is now a vital technique for businesses of all sizes.

Learn more: Content Marketing 101: Your Guide to Creating Successful Campaigns

See Social media marketing

Conversion

A positive action taken on a website. The action demonstrates that the visitor is “raising their hand” and becoming a lead or customer. Sales are just one type of conversion; other examples include webinar registrations, newsletter signups, gated-content downloads. Once a conversion takes place—usually involving the capture of a name and email address—a lead can be nurtured into a customer. In social marketing, conversion tracking is crucial to properly attributing revenue to social-media efforts.

Learn more: Smart Ways to Drive Conversions on Social Media

Related: Social media ROI

Cost per click (CPC)

See Pay per click

Cover photo

The large, horizontal image at the top of your Facebook profile or business page. As with profile photos, cover photos are public. This prime real estate is a great place to display a unique representation of who they are, what their business is, or what they care about.

Learn more: Social Media Image Sizes: A Quick Reference Guide for Each Network

Creative Commons

A license that allows the public use of otherwise copyrighted material. For social marketers, Creative Commons licenses are helpful when sourcing images to illustrate content. Unless you are using your own images or have purchased the rights to an image, you can use only Creative Commons images (search.creativecommons.org aggregates a number of search options). There are different levels of Creative Commons licenses that restrict whether an image can be used commercially, modified, or remixed, and whether attribution is required.

Learn more: Can I Use This Photo on Social Media? Understanding Image Copyright

Creep

The practice of whiling away the hours browsing someone’s profiles, photos, and videos on social media. Need to stalk your latest Tinder match—I mean, read up on the person who’s interviewing you for that job you want? A good creep will give you the details you need. (No judgment—it’s RESEARCH!)

Crisis management

The social media governance measures a company has in place to manage social media risk and react in the event of a crisis. The definition of crisis can be wide ranging, from security hacks to Freudian Twitter slips (hello, accidentally posting a personal tweet to the company account) and even external events that result in an influx in social mentions. A crisis-management strategy is vital to organizations of any size that want to manage their social media risk and respond effectively.

Learn more: Social Media Crisis Management: How to Prepare and Execute a Plan

Crowdsourcing

Leveraging your online community to assist in services, content and ideas. Business applications for crowdsourcing include getting your audience to help translate your product, or asking industry experts to contribute tips and tracks for an upcoming blog post.

—D—

Dark social

Any social media content that is shared outside of what can be attributed to a known source. For example, if you pasted this blog post’s URL and shared it with your entire iPhone contact list, the resulting visits would be categorized as dark social.

Learn more: Everything You Need to Know About Dark Social

Dashboard

In a social relationship platform, a single screen where marketers can view their feeds, see and interact with ongoing conversations, monitor social trends, access analytics, and more.

Learn more: Hootsuite Dashboard Overview

Deflection rate

The percentage of customer-service issues that are transferred from social media to another communications channel, such as email, telephone, or live chat.

Direct message

A private Twitter message. Direct messages can be sent only to Twitter users who are already following you—and you can receive direct messages only from users you follow unless you have opted into receiving direct messages from anyone in your user settings.

Disappearing content

Content that vanishes after a set amount of time (such as Snaps and Instagram Stories).

See Ephemeral content

Learn more: Snapchat, Instagram Stories, or Facebook Stories—Which is Right For You?

Display ad

Typically, small visual advertisements that are shown on websites. Common formats include images, Flash, video, and audio. They can also be text-based (for example, Google AdWords lets you build text-based display ads). In general, display ads are used for large audience-based media buys or retargeting.

Doxing

The (very frowned-upon) practice of searching for and publishing the personal information of a private individual. Doxers use these attacks as a means to threaten or intimidate their targets

—E—

Electronic discovery (e-discovery)

The gathering and exchange of relevant electronic records (such as social media communications) during a legal case or government investigation. Many organizations are required to securely and consistently archive all digital communications so that they can be produced in e-discovery.

See Compliance

Embedded media

Digital media that is displayed outside of its native setting, such as within another piece of content (e.g., a GIF embedded into a Facebook comment, or a YouTube video shared in a tweet).

Emoji

Tiny images used to convey a wide spectrum of emotions across a variety of digital channels, from text messages to social media. Emoji evolved from their more primitive predecessors, emoticons, which were made using characters already on the standard keyboard. They first appeared in the Japanese digital lexicon in the late 1990s. In 2010, the Unicode Consortium (an international arbiter of standards for encoded characters) approved Google’s proposal to recognize and standardize emoji internationally.

Emoji have become so ubiquitous that iOS and Android both have emoji keyboards built into their systems. Emojipedia is a helpful resource to learn the meanings behind emoji before using them in social content. (Use that eggplant sparingly, friends.)

Many major brands have (at an eye-popping cost) created branded emoji to accompany hashtags for big marketing campaigns. Twitter published the results of a research study on branded emoji back in 2016.

Learn more: The Definitive Emoji Guide for Social Media Marketers

Employee advocate

An employee who is willing to promote and defend a company both online and off. Like their consumer brand advocate counterparts, passionate employees can influence the purchasing decisions of their friends, family, and other social contacts.

Employee amplification

The re-sharing of a company’s social content by its employees as part of an empowerment model. Organized and coordinated amplification programs leverage employee advocates at scale to greatly increase the social reach of a brand.

Learn more: Employee Advocacy on Social Media: How to Make it Work for Your Business

Empowerment model

An organizational approach to social media that emphasizes participation and initiative from all departments, teams, and employees.

Engagement

Talking to, messaging, or otherwise interacting with other people on social networks. Engagement broadly encompasses many types of actions, from commenting on Instagram posts to producing a Facebook Live show with an open Q&A. Engagement is central to any social media strategy.

Learn more: How to Increase Social Media Engagement: A Guide for Marketers

Engagement rate

The percentage of users who saw your social media post and took some action (clicked the link, replied, shared, retweeted, etc.). Engagement rate is a valuable metric to gauge the success of your social media messaging. Twitter Analytics provides in-depth engagement rate data for every tweet you send.

Learn more: How to Use Twitter Analytics: The Complete Guide for Marketers

Ephemeral content

See Disappearing content

Learn more: Snapchat, Instagram Stories, or Facebook Stories—Which is Right For You?

—F—

Facebook

Launched in 2004, a social media platform that evolved from Facemash, Mark Zuckerberg’s website that allows Harvard students to rate the attractiveness of their peers. Facebook was originally limited to university students but went global in the years to come, taking over the world with pokes, likes, posts, and comments.

The site and its founder have been in the news from its earliest days, attracting more their their share of controversies ranging from censorship to privacy concerns and data breaches.

Today, brands can use Facebook to connect with audiences worldwide through content and social advertising.

Learn more: How to Advertise on Facebook: The Complete Guide

Facebook fan

A user who likes your Facebook Page.

Facebook group

A space on Facebook where you can communicate and share content with a select group of people. There are three types of groups: public, closed, and secret. Make sure you understand the privacy settings of any group that you’re a member of (here’s a useful table for reference)—and remember that even in a closed or secret group, your information can still be copied, pasted, and shared. You can join a maximum of 6,000 Facebook groups, and if you ever bump up against that threshold, we’re dying to hear your story.

Facebook Live

A Facebook feature that allows you to stream live video to your family, friends, and followers. You can get live reaction during your broadcast and interact with viewers in real-time.

Learn more: Facebook Live Video: The Complete Guide to Live-Streaming for Business

Facebook notes

A Facebook feature that enables users and brands to publish longer content to Facebook. Users can format their notes like blog posts with features such as header images, photos, quotes, links, and hashtags

Facebook Offers

A Facebook Ads feature that allows brands to share special deals and discounts with their social media audiences. Businesses can create online or offline (in-store) offers, and can share these in an Offers ad or a post on their Page.

Facebook reach

The number of unique users who have seen content from your Facebook Page. Reach is not the same as impressions, which is the total number of times your content is viewed (including multiple views from the same user).

Facebook provides two different reach metrics:

Total reach: the number of unique users who saw any content associated with your Page during the last seven days, including those who view your Page posts, visit your Page after searching for it, and see ads associated with your Page.

Post reach: the number of unique users who have seen a particular Facebook Page post in their News Feed.

These two categories can be broken down further:

Organic reach: the number of unique users who saw your content without your having to pay for it. The vast majority of organic reach occurs when Facebook’s algorithm places your posts in your fans and followers’ News Feeds.

Paid reach: the number of unique users who saw your content because you purchased visibility for it, either by boosting it or buying an ad.

Facebook Reactions

Ways Facebook users can react to posts beyond a simple “like.” Introduced in February 2015, current reactions include: “love,” “haha,” “wow,” “sad,” and “angry.” (We’re campaigning for an “ewww” reaction, as well as an “eye roll.”)

Facebook Town Hall

A Facebook feature that helps citizens connect and interact with their government representatives at the state, local, and federal level. Users can look up their representatives by inputting their home address, then use the Town Hall page to follow all their elected officials, get reminders to vote, and display a constituent badge on their comments when they post to a politician’s page.

Facebook Watch

A video platform that features made-for-social TV shows and longer content on the social network everyone loves to hate.

Favorite

An indication that someone likes your tweet, given by clicking the heart icon.

Feed

The social media data format that provides users with a steady stream of updates and information.

Filter

A photographic effect that can be applied to images before publishing them, from simple black-and-white or sepia to those ubiquitous flower crowns and puppy ears. Available on Instagram, Snapchat, Facebook Messenger, and many other apps with camera integrations, the popularity of filters has resulted in the hashtag #nofilter, a proud declaration that your latest photo is unedited.

First response time

The time it takes a company to give its first response to a customer’s comment or inquiry on social media. This can be a key performance indicator for social customer service, because even if the issue is not resolved immediately, a quick first response can demonstrate that a company is listening and willing to help.

Follower

A Twitter user who has subscribed to your Twitter feed, in order to see your tweets in their feed.

Followers-to-following ratio

The ratio of your social media followers to those you are following. In an ideal world, you have more followers than users you are following.

FOMO

Short for “fear of missing out,” a phenomenon in the digital age that describes the feeling of sadness or loss at the thought of not being in the room to experience something amazing, especially when it will be described later by other social media users.

Learn more: Social Media Acronyms That All Marketers Should Know

Forum

An online site, also known as a message board, where people can hold discussions.

Learn more: How We Talk Online: A History of Online Forums [EXTERNAL SITE]

Foursquare

A location-based discovery service that helps users find local places and experiences that are relevant to their interests and tastes. Foursquare pioneered the “check-in” and put the idea of real-time location [over]sharing on the map, so to speak, back in 2009. The company has since launched a separate app called Swarm that is exclusively dedicated to check-ins and keeping up with your friends’ comings and goings.

Friend

A person that you connect with on Facebook or another social network. Unlike a fan or follower, a friend is a two-way connection—both you and your friend have to endorse the relationship.

Friend emoji

On Snapchat, a way to reflect a user’s relationship with another user. For example, the cool-guy emoji wearing sunglasses means that two Snapchatters share a best friend on the app.

Friendship page

A page that tells the story of a relationship between two people connected on Facebook. Facebook Friendship pages display a variety of content, including photos that both people are tagged in together, public messages that they have exchanged, and their their mutual friends and interests.

—G—

Geofilter

Special overlays for Snapchat users that reflect the geographic location they are in. Geofilters have also been created by branded partners as well as Snapchat users themselves.

Learn more: How to Create a Custom Geofilter on Snapchat

Geotagging

Adding a specific location to a photo, video, or social media message. The ubiquity of GPS-enabled smartphones has made geotagging a core aspect of social media.

Geosticker

Location-specific Snapchat Stickers. Users must have location services enabled to take advantage of this feature.

Geotargeting

A feature on many social media platforms that allows users to share their content with geographically defined audiences. Instead of sending a generic message for the whole world to see, you can refine the messaging and language of your content to better connect with people in specific cities, countries, and regions. You can also filter your audience by language.

GIF

Pronounced “giff,” with a hard G, no matter what the actual creator of the GIF says. An acronym for Graphics Interchange Format, which refers to a file format that supports both static and animated images. GIFs rose to popularity as a way to react on social media without words.

Facebook and Twitter both now support GIFs. Giphy.com and tenor.com are a great place to start compiling your extensive archive of GIFs, sorted into folders by emotion, obviously.

Learn more: How to Make a GIF: The Complete Guide

—H—

Handle

Your online identity, sometimes the same as your username (Hootsuite’s Twitter handle is @Hootsuite, for example). A consistent handle across all your social media accounts helps with discoverability, as those who follow you on Twitter might want to find you on Instagram or Pinterest as well.

Hashtag

A word or phrase preceded by the “#” sign. Hashtags are a simple way to mark the topic (or topics) of social media messages and make them discoverable to people with shared interests. On most social networks, clicking a hashtag will reveal recently published messages with that hashtag. Hashtags first emerged on Twitter as a user-created phenomenon and are now used on almost every other social media platform.

Some users use hashtags to express themselves, too: #thatsteakwas47ounces #yesiatethewholething #andimoreringdessert

Learn more: The Dos and Don’ts of How to Use Hashtags

Header image

The banner image at the top of a user’s Twitter profile.

Home

Often, the first page you see when you sign into your social media account. It contains a constantly updating timeline or feed of the user activity and news stories in your network.

—I—

Impressions

The number of times an ad, sponsored update, or promoted post is displayed.

Related: Reach, Engagement

Learn more: Reach vs. Impressions: What’s the Difference (And What Should You Track)?

Inbound marketing

Inbound marketing is a data-backed approach to attracting customers to web properties with relevant and helpful content. This content is discovered through channels like search engines and social media.

Related: Content marketing

Inbound volume

The total number of incoming messages addressed to an organization or specific social media account within a given time span.

Influencer

A social media user with a significant audience who can drive awareness about a trend, topic, company, or product. From a marketer’s perspective, the ideal influencer is also a passionate brand advocate. Successful influencer strategies usually involve the coordination of an organization’s marketing, customer service, and public relations teams.

Influencer marketing

A strategy where a business collaborates with an influential person on social media to promote a product, service, or campaign. Think of it as micro-celebrity endorsements, designed for the digital age.

Learn more: The Complete Guide to Influencer Marketing

Instagram

A free online photo-sharing app that allows for the addition of several filters, editing, and sharing options.

Learn more: 24+ Instagram Statistics That Matter to Marketers in 2019, Top Instagram Demographics That Matter to Social Media Marketers

—J—

JOMO

The joy of missing out, also known as the overwhelming inclination to binge Netflix shows, read a book, take a warm bath, or generally retreat from the craziness of the world. The word may stem from the global embrace of the Danish and Norwegian word “hygge”—a coziness and comfortable conviviality with feelings of wellness and contentment, according to Wikipedia—or an adverse reaction to its opposite, FOMO.

Related: FOMO

—K—

Kik

A mobile messaging app. Users connect with others using a username (rather than a cell phone number) to send text, video, images, sketches, and more. Kik also boasts an in-app web browser, so users can check out links and other social media accounts all without leaving the app, making it especially appealing for users as well as the companies trying to reach them.

Key performance indicator (KPI)

A metric that defines whether a marketing campaign or other initiative has succeeded or failed. KPIs for a social media marketing campaign might include brand mentions, replies and retweets, or click-throughs to your website from individual posts.

Learn more: The Social Media Metrics That Really Matter (And How to Track Them)

—L—

Like

Popularized digitally by Facebook—though derived from the dictionary definition—an understood expression of support for content. Along with shares, comments, and favorites, likes can be tracked as proof of engagement.

Facebook’s algorithm adjusts individual content feeds based on like patterns, making for interesting results when consciously meddled with. Find out what happened when a Wired.com writer experimented with liking everything they saw on Facebook.

Learn more: How to Get More Facebook Likes: 10 Tactics That Actually Work, How to Get Instagram Likes: 13 Tips that Actually Work

Like baiting

The annoying practice of explicitly requesting likes (or shares and comments) to increase engagement on Facebook. (By the way, mathematically, one like equals one prayer.) Facebook has adjusted its algorithm to reduce the visibility of like-baiting posts in users’ news feeds.

Learn more: The End of ‘Like-Baiting’ on Facebook?

LinkedIn endorsement

A connection’s recognition of another person’s skill, such as Content Marketing, Web Programming, or Cake Baking. Endorsements, a form of social proof, boost your credibility through third-party confirmation that you actually have the skills you say you have. Users can endorse the skills of only their first-degree LinkedIn connections.

LinkedIn recommendation

A written compliment from a connection that you can display on your LinkedIn profile to impress hiring managers, potential clients, and the 428 conference attendees you carpet bombed with your business card. There’s no limit to how many recommendations you can give or request, but remember that the most authentic recommendations come from people that you’ve actually worked with. If you receive a lackluster recommendation that you would rather not display, you can easily hide it from your profile. You can also edit, remove, or hide recommendations of your own LinkedIn connections any time.

Live Stories (Snapchat)

Curated streams of user-submitted Snaps from various locations and events. Users who have their location services on at the same event location will be given the option to contribute Snaps to the Live Story. The end result is a Story told from a community perspective.

Livetweet

To post comments and participate in Twitter conversations while an event or situation is happening. Users might livetweet anything from a conference keynote to the latest protest they’re attending — or even something as banal as watching a relationship blossom between two airline passengers in the row in front of them (the #PlaneBae saga was a sublime livetweet adventure that, like many social media phenomena, quickly went south).

Lookalike audience

In digital advertising, a group of users who are similar to people who already interact with your business online—meaning they are more likely to be receptive to content related to your products and services.

Learn more: How to Use Facebook Custom Audiences: A Step-by-Step Guide

Lurker

The digital equivalent of the “longtime listener, first-time caller,” someone who watches a social media feed in silence for a period of time before actually engaging with the content with a like or reply.

—M—

Machine learning

An algorithm that allows software to become more accurate in predicting outcomes without being explicitly programmed to do so. A common example of machine learning is Facebook’s ability to recognize faces in photos. Amazon’s uncanny product-recommendations engine and your email provider’s spam filters are other great examples of machine learning.

Marketing automation

A combination of tactics and technology platforms that enable automatic delivery of personalized content to prospects and customers through a variety of online channels. The idea behind marketing automation is giving website visitors and leads the information they need when they need it—and doing so at scale, where is where the automation comes in.

Marketing automation isn’t about blindly scheduling content. Ideally, marketers will segment and score their marketing contacts, then nurture those potential customers with carefully tailored and timed messaging to move them toward an eventual purchase.

Solid social media marketing can attract new inbound leads, providing fuel for the marketing automation engine. Marketers can also make that engine more efficient by using social media data to learn more about their leads over time.

Related: Content marketing

Meme

An idea, fashion, or behavior that is transmitted from person to person through media, speech, gestures, and other forms of communication. The term was conceived by evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins in the 1970s, but it has taken on greater relevance in the digital age. If you’ve spent more than five seconds on the internet, you’ve probably encountered a meme. From reaction GIFs of an unimpressed Chloe in her car seat to videos of home runs set to Celine Dion’s epic “My Heart Will Go On,” memes tug at something in us that compel us to share, upvote, or remix them.

In Dawkins’ theory, memes are ideas (or fragments of ideas) that are copied and combined as they move from person to person, much like genes are passed from generation to generation. Dawkins surmised that we could use the concept of evolution by natural selection to understand how ideas spread and change over time. Some memes spread far and wide, some die out, and others mutate—and with trending topics and social analytics, we can now watch their life cycles in real time.

Mention

The act of tagging another user’s handle or account name in a social media message. Mentions typically trigger a notification for that user and are a key part of what makes social media “social.” A properly formatted mention also allows your audience to click through to the bio or profile of the user in question.

Learn more: What are Social Mentions and How to Track Them

Messenger

An app that allows Facebook users to send one another instant messages through a smartphone. Facebook’s Messenger app is now a necessity to access messages from mobile; users can no longer see their messages through a web browser.

Microblogging

Publishing smaller, more frequent quantities of content to platforms such as Twitter or Tumblr.

Multichannel attribution

An analytics tactic aimed at better understanding how customers discover, evaluate, and purchase your products or services. When people buy products, they rarely complete a purchase in one step. For example, they might hear about a brand in a tweet, later see a banner ad for the product, then perform a Google search, and then, many days later, finally visit the website to purchase. Multichannel attribution attempts to give relative value to each of these channels, treating each channel as a contributor to a customer’s eventual purpose. The goal: better understand the process by which your customers—and develop a holistic understanding of how each marketing channel impacts that process.

Mute

A Twitter feature that allows you to edit users out of your feed without them knowing. They still see that you follow them, and they can still favorite, retweet, and reply to you, but you don’t see any of their activity in your timeline. Muting a user is not the same as blocking them.

My Eyes Only

A Snapchat feature that lets you save Snaps from Memories to a private, passcode-protected area. For more information on using My Eyes Only, check out Snapchat’s guide.

Learn more: How to Use Snapchat Memories to Grow and Engage Your Audience

—N—

Net Promoter Score

A customer loyalty metric that based on a single simple question: “On a scale of 0 to 10, how likely is it that you would recommend our company, product, or service to a friend or colleague?” People who respond with a 9 or 10 are designated as “promoters,” 7 or 8 as “passives,” and 6 or lower as “detractors”. The percentage of customers that are detractors is then subtracted from the percentage that are promoters to arrive at the company’s NPS (passives are ignored, because that’s their lot in life). Scores range from +100 to -100.

Newsjacking

Also known as trendjacking, the act of referencing or involving yourself in a news story or trending topic in order to connect with the audience following or discussing that story. Injecting your own story into a news story has become much easier with social media, as users can simply use hashtags or search terms to attach their content to breaking news. (Remember Oreo’s famous “dunk in the dark” tweet during Super Bowl XLVII? Newsjacking at its finest. The other brands that jumped on the bandwagon afterward? Lame trendjacking.)

Newsjacking or trendjacking should be done only if there is are close ties between your product or service and the story in question. Simply attaching a news hashtag to content that is completely unrelated is not a best practice, and will likely draw the ire of your followers.

Notification

A message or update sharing new social media activity. For example, if somebody Likes one of your Instagram photos you can receive a notification on your phone that lets you know.

—O—

Omnichannel marketing

An approach to marketing that creates an integrated experience for audiences no matter what device they’re using or which platform they use to interact with a brand.

Organic reach

The number of unique users who view your content without paid promotion. People find social content organically through their own news feeds—either from companies whose pages they’ve liked themselves, or shared by friends or connections.

Learn more: Organic Reach is in Decline—Here’s What You Can Do About It

Ow.ly

A URL shortener that condenses your links into a shorter, more social-friendly format. ow.ly is Hootsuite’s proprietary URL shortener that’s built right into the platform. It allows you to track real-time clicks and export detailed summaries of your shortened links’ performance. And it’s not just for use within Hootsuite—you can use your shortened links in emails and on webpages, too, if you want to track their performance beyond social.

—P—

Paid reach

The number of users who have viewed your published paid content, from ads to sponsored and promoted content. Paid reach generally extends to a much larger network than organic reach—messages can potentially be read by people outside of a concrete contact list.

Learn more: Organic Reach is in Decline—Here’s What You Can Do About It

Pay per click (PPC)

Also known as cost per click (CPC), a type of advertising where an organization pays each time a user clicks on an advertisement. The costs incurred during a PPC campaign vary based on the competitiveness of the keyword phrase an organization is targeting with its ads.

Periscope

A livestreaming service acquired by Twitter in 2015. The platform allows users to broadcast video directly from a smartphone (plus a few other devices), and viewers can interact with the live video through comments and hearts. Its one-time popularity appears to be dwindling, but dedicated users are hoping to save it from going the way of Vine.

Learn more: How to Use Periscope for Business: The Ultimate Marketing Guide

Permalink

The URL of an individual piece of content. Permalinks allow you to directly reference a specific piece of content instead of searching for it in the feed or timeline where you found it. You can quickly find an item’s permalink by clicking on its timestamp.

Phishing

An attempt to fraudulently acquire sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, or credit card information by authentic-looking electronic communication, usually email. Also a method of spreading electronic viruses by exploiting security weaknesses.

Learn more: 8 Social Media Security Tips to Mitigate Risks

Pinned tweet

A tweet that has been pinned to the top a Twitter profile page. Pinning a tweet is a great way to feature an important announcement—or that time you got retweeted so many times that you had to write a follow-up to promote your SoundCloud. If your tweets are public, anyone who views your profile page will see the tweet.

Pin

Favorite links stored on Pinterest. Every Pin is made up of a picture and a description given by the user; when clicked, a Pin direct users to the source URL of the image. Other users can like or Repin your Pins. Users can also organize Pins by theme or event into visual collections.

See Pinboard

Pinboard

A collection of Pins on Pinterest. A Pinboard can be organized by any theme and can either be private or public. Some examples of Pinboards: Short Hairstyles, Dream Tattoos, Bridesmaid Hell, Whole30 Keto Instant Pot Desserts, Cats I Want to Pet.

Learn more: Secrets to Pinterest Success from 3 Top Influencers

Pinterest

A visual organizer for saving and sharing links to sites and other media you like—also known as Pins. Pins are represented by an image and description of your choosing and organized into collections called Pinboards. Pinterest users can share their Pins with others, or Repin pictures they liked from other users. Think of Pinterest as a virtual scrapbook, or a bookmarks page with pictures. Common uses include event planning, recipe collection, and fashion blogging — but savvy businesses across a spectrum of industries are learning to leverage this platform to grow their audience. Learn from these brands how to do it well.

Learn more: How to Use Pinterest for Business: 8 Strategies You Need to Know

Post

A social media status update, or an item on a blog or forum.

Private

A setting on a social media account (such as Instagram or Twitter) that protects content from the public. Users must request to follow private accounts to see the content.

Related: Protected

Promote Mode

A Twitter Ads feature that automatically promote your first 10 tweets every day to a specified audience—for a flat fee of $99 per month. Twitter estimates that accounts using Promote Mode will reach an average of 30,000 additional people.

Learn more: How to Use Twitter Ads Like a Pro and Get the Most Out of Your Budget

Promoted Accounts

A Twitter Ads feature, announced in 2010, that invites targeted users to follow a certain account. This function is used to quickly grow a Twitter handle’s following. Promoted accounts appear in users’ timelines, Who to Follow suggestions, and search results.

Promoted Trends

Promoted Trends are a Twitter Ads feature that allows an advertiser to promote time-, context- and event-sensitive trends to the top of the Trends list on Twitter. They are clearly marked as “Promoted.”

Promoted Tweets

Promoted tweets are native advertisements targeted to a specific audience available through Twitter Ads. They look almost identical to organic tweets in users’ timelines but include a small “Promoted” marker. Promoted tweets are used by advertisers to reach an expanded audience.

Protected

A private Twitter account. Only approved followers can view tweets and photos from a protected account or access its complete profile. Tweets from protected accounts cannot be natively retweeted, even by approved followers. (But even protected accounts should fear the dreaded screenshot…)

See Private

Publishing approval process

A business procedure for ensuring that outbound social media messages are error-free, on-time, and on-brand. Many organizations now protect their social media accounts by managing them through a social relationship platform (SRP), which provide a safe environment for teams to collaborate on content before publishing. Lower-level employees, interns, or contractors might draft messages, but their content must be approved by managers, supervisors, and/or compliance officers before publishing.

—Q—

QQ

An 829-million-user instant messaging platform developed by Chinese company, Tencent Holdings Limited. QQ users can use the platform to play social games, discover music, shop, microblog, watch movies, and group and voice chat.

Quora

A Q&A website where anyone can ask their own question or answer another user’s question. For businesses, Quora can be a fantastic way to establish thought leadership or authority on a certain topic, or interact with users likely to be interested in their products or services.

—R—

Reach

Reach is a data metric that determines the maximum potential audience for any given message. It is not a guarantee that the entire audience will see your social media post.

Reach is determined by a fairly complex calculation that includes number of followers, shares and impressions, as well as net follower increase over time.

See Impressions, engagement

Real-time marketing

The practice of connecting with an online community around current events, trends, and customer feedback—often to a fault. If hopping on a hashtag bandwagon or personalizing a meme to your business (ahem, dentist offices still doing the Harlem Shake) isn’t on brand, it could fall flat with followers.

Learn more: Why “Real-Time” Isn’t Always the Right Time in Social Media Marketing

Reddit

A popular social networking site where users upvote (positive) or downvote (negative) user-submitted content, from videos and image-based memes to text posts. The most upvoted and commented-on posts appear higher up on the website’s main page, as well as on its many topic-focused sections called subreddits.

See AMA, subreddit

Learn more: How to Use Reddit for Fast (and Accurate) Market Research

Regram

The act of reposting another Instagram user’s image or video.

Learn more: How to Regram: Best Practices for Reposting Instagram Content

Retargeting

An online advertising technique that aims to re-engage website visitors who left a site without converting. (If you’ve ever been followed around on the Internet by that pair of shoes you were drooling over during lunch, you’ve been retargeted.) Retargeting starts with a small tracking tag embedded in your website’s code. Once visitors come to your website, you can then target them as they visit other websites, including search engines, social-media sites, news outlets, and blogs.

The rationale is that these visitors are your best chance to make a sale so instead of advertising to strangers, you spend your budget on prospects who have already visited your website.

Repin

To share another user’s Pin on your own Pinterest Pinboard. To Repin, simply hover over the Pin you love then select “Repin.” You can either add the Pin to an existing collection or start a new one. Like the Pin but don’t want to to a Repin on it? Like it instead.

Reply

A response to someone’s tweet. Unlike direct messages, replies are public.

Response rate

A engagement metric to assess how much you are interacting with your social audience. To calculate your response rate, take the number of mentions that you have replied to in a given time period and divide it by the total number of mentions you have received (excluding retweets).

Response volume

The total number of outbound messages that an organization, team, or specific social media account delivers in response to customer service issues within a given time period.

Return on investment (ROI)

See Social media ROI

Return on relationship (ROR)

A measurement of the value gained by a person or business from developing a relationship. Measuring ROR isn’t easy—it involves not only analyzing connection growth, but also understanding the impact your customers’ voices have on your brand and reputation. This includes sentiment analysis, as well as engagement metrics for your content, like organic sharing rates.

Related: Social media ROI

Retweet

A tweet that is reshared to the followers of another user’s Twitter account. When you click the retweet button on the Twitter website or app, you can opt to republish the tweet as is, or add a comment to explain why you’re sharing it or offer your own hot take on the topic.

Rich pin

A Pinterest post that contains additional content. Rich Pins can be from one of six categories: app, article, recipe, or product. For example, product Rich Pins include real-time information about where to buy the product, pricing, and availability.

Learn more: Best Practices for Sharing Content on Pinterest

RSS

A format for syndicating web content (short for Rich Site Summary or Really Simple Syndication, depending on who you ask; neither is an official acronym). RSS feeds are created in a standard XML format that makes them compatible with a variety of readers and aggregators.

Content creators use RSS feeds to broadcast content (or content summaries) to audiences. Readers can subscribe to RSS feeds without providing personal information, and then automatically receive updates through a news reader or aggregator. RIP Google Reader.

—S—

Scale

The degree to which an organization can effectively use social media across multiple departments and geographies. “Scaling up social media” is an effort to coordinate social listening, engagement, and analytics among multiple groups while eliminating redundancy, confusion, and waste.

Related: Social relationship platform

Learn more: 8 Apps to Help Your Enterprise Organization Scale Social Media

Scheduling

Planning social media updates and content ahead of time, using a social relationship platform (SRP) or another publishing tool. Scheduling saves social professionals time in their daily workflows by allowing them to draft several messages at once, often as part of a publishing approval process. It also enables them to reach audiences in different time zones and organize extended marketing campaigns.

Learn more: How to Schedule Tweets and Save Time, How to Schedule Facebook Posts to Save Time, How to Schedule Instagram Posts

Screenshot

A photo that captures activity on a computer screen or smartphone display. For Snapchat users, given the ephemeral nature of its content, the ability to take a screenshot by either party has proven controversial. Snapchat notifies users when someone takes a screenshot of their content, but there is currently no way to prevent it from happening altogether.

Selfie

A self-portrait photograph, usually taken with a smartphone and shared on social media sites.

Sentiment analysis

An attempt to understand how an audience feels about a brand, company, or product based on social data. Sentiment analysis typically involves natural language processing or another computational method to identify the attitude contained in a social media message. Different analytics platforms—such as Hootsuite Insights—classify sentiment in a variety of ways; for example, some use “polar” classification (positive or negative sentiment), while others sort messages by emotion or tone (Contentment/Gratitude, Fear/Uneasiness, etc.).

Learn more: Sentiment Analysis Tools for Social Media Marketers

SEO

The practice of increasing the “organic” visibility of a web page in a search engine, such as Google. Although businesses can pay to promote their websites on search engine results pages (Search Engine Marketing, or SEM), SEO refers to “free” tactics that enhance the search ranking of a page.

Learn more: Does Social Media Impact SEO? We Ran an Experiment to Find Out

Share of voice

A measure of how many social media mentions a particular brand is receiving in relation to its competition. Usually measured as a percentage of total mentions within an industry or among a defined group of competitors.

Learn more: 4 Ways To Increase Your Share Of Voice On Social Media

Shortlink

See URL Shortener

SlideShare

A popular social platform for sharing presentations and other business-oriented content. SlideShare makes it easy to embed content on websites and share it to other social networks, such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn (which has owned the platform since 2012).

Learn more: A Marketer’s Guide to Using SlideShare for Social Media

SMS

The text-messaging service component of phone, web, or mobile communication systems. Brands use SMS for a variety of purposes, from promoting text-based offers to sending service-related reminders. (Twitter leveraged SMS heavily in its early days.)

Snapchat

A photo- and video-messaging app launched in 2011. Users can add filters, text, drawings, or emoji to their content before sending it to their recipients. Snapchat was once unique for its content’s ephemeral nature: Individual messages last only up to 10 seconds before they disappear forever and are erased from the company’s servers. In 2013, Snapchat added the Story feature, which allows users to share replayable Snaps for up to 24 hours in the “Our Story” section.

Learn more: How to Use Snapchat: A Guide for Beginners

Snapchat Discover

A Snapchat feature, limited to top-tier brands and news outlets, with a curated collection of videos by the participating partners.

Snapchat Lenses

Introduced in 2015, a feature that allow users to add animated masks to their selfies. To use Lenses, users must have the camera in selfie mode—and really should be under the age of 25.

Snapchat Memories

A feature that allows users to save Snaps and Stories for later viewing and sharing. Once enabled, Memories will save your content to Snapchat’s servers so it’s accessible anywhere you’re logged in — and you can share those saved Snaps to your Stories for all eternity..

Learn more: How to Use Snapchat Memories for Business

Snapchat Trophies

A gamification feature introduced in 2015 that rewards users with badges for completing in-app challenges and activities. These emoji trophies can be found in the Trophy Case (where else would they be?).

Snapcode

A unique, scannable QR code provided to each Snapchat user. Users can point their phone’s camera at a friend’s Snapcode, whether on a phone or a vector version of the code, to automatically add the other person as a Snapchat contact.

Learn more: How to Use Snapchat Codes to Market Your Business

Snapstreak

What happens when two Snapchat users send Snaps to each other for a consecutive number of days. This will be reflected next to the users’ names with a flame emoji and a number representing how many days the Snapstreak has lasted.

Social commerce

An area of digital commerce where the buying process is assisted by social media and online networks.

Learn more: What is Social Commerce and Why Should Your Brand Care?

Social listening

The process of finding and assessing what is being said about a company, topic, brand, or person on social media channels.

Learn more: What is Social Listening, Why it Matters, and 10 Tools to Make it Easier

Social media management

Technology and business processes for securely managing social media accounts, engaging audiences, and measuring the business results of social media activities. Effective social media management is critical to conducting business on social media. When implemented at scale across departments and regions, coordinated social media management practices allow everyone within the organization to collaborate and achieve measurable outcomes on social media.

Social media marketing

The use of social media by marketers to increase brand awareness, identify key audiences, generate leads, and build meaningful relationships with customers. Social media marketing should be well coordinated with social customer service, community management, and social selling activities to create seamless relationships with customers.

Of course, social media is just one channel in the overall marketing mix; the most effective social media marketing programs are also integrated into multi-channel strategies.

Learn more: How to Create a Social Media Marketing Strategy in 8 Easy Steps

Social media ROI

ROI stands for “return on investment.” Social media ROI is the sum of all social media actions that create value.

Learn more: How to Prove and Improve Social Media ROI (Includes a Free Calculator)

Social relationship platform

Secure, scalable technologies that allow businesses to manage social media communications of any kind across departments and devices. Think of a social relationship platform as a digital command and control: These tools put everything you need for social media into one place, making it easier to manage. Social relationship platforms are used for monitoring, posting and tracking social media, and help manage everything from customer service to lead generation. Hootsuite is a social relationship platform.

Social selling

The use of social media by sales professionals to increase productivity and generate revenue. Sellers can effectively leverage social media to enhance their reputations, expand their interpersonal networks, and attract new prospects. They can also identify buyers by listening and engaging in the online spaces where potentials customers are conducting research and asking for advice.

Learn more: Social Selling: What it is, Why You Should Care, and How to Do It Right

SoLoMo

A word that combines three consumer trends: social (So); location-based (Lo); and mobile (Mo). SoLoMo is a catchy term that can help marketers keep these important concepts top of mind in their communication efforts.

Spam

Unnecessary and repetitive content that clogs up inboxes and clutters social media feeds. In other words, the bane of your existence. The term “spam” has been used to refer to junk messages since the earliest days of the Internet (take a quick stroll down memory lane with this MentalFloss article on spam).

Learn more: Twitter Makes Changes to Combat Spam: Here’s What You Need to Know

Sponsored posts

Content on a social-media site that has been paid for by a brand or organization. Every social media platform has its own form of sponsored content; brands can leverage sponsored content to get visibility with a larger audience that might be interested in their messages, products, or services.

Learn more: Social Media Advertising 101: How to Get the Most out of Your Budget

Stories

A form of ephemeral content on Facebook, Instagram, or Snapchat that disappears after 24 hours.

Learn more: Snapchat, Instagram Stories, or Facebook Stories—Which is Right For You?

Subreddit

A forum dedicated to a specific topic or theme on the social website reddit. Subreddits are defined by an /r/ in the URL. There are large mainstream subreddits like /r/politics or /r/videos, as well as quirkier subreddits like /r/colorizedhistory, which features old photographs edited to include color, or /r/aww, featuring nonstop cuteness.

The reddit homepage aggregates the most popular content from the site’s tens of thousands of subreddits. You can also customize your own reddit homepage by subscribing to your favorite subreddits.

Subtweet

The stealthy art of disparaging someone in a tweet without actually mentioning their handle. You’re so vain. I’ll bet you think this tweet is about you.

Bonus: Get the step-by-step social media strategy guide with pro tips on how to grow your social media presence.

—T—

Tag

A keyword added to a social media post with the original purpose of categorizing related content. You can also tag someone in a post or photo, which creates a link to their social media profile and associates them with the content. Many services also offer the option to remove unwanted tags from your profile.

Terms of Service

The rules individuals must follow to use a product or service. Every social platform has a detailed set of terms of service (ToS for short) that you agree to when creating a profile; if at any point you violate those terms, you can be banned from the service or have your account deleted. Users should take care to understand the agreements they sign when joining a social media site, including the terms of service and privacy policy; these documents are legally binding contracts.

Thread

A string of messages that make up a conversation. Threads begin with an initial message and then continue as a series of replies or comments. Threads are essential to most forms of online communication, including social media and email. Without them, it’s hilariously difficult to keep track of ongoing conversations (see also: pre-2013 Facebook, or email prior to Gmail).

Timestamp

The date and time that a message is posted to a social network, usually visible near the post’s title or corresponding username. Clicking on a timestamp will usually bring you to the content’s permalink.

Top tweets

The most popular and engaging tweets for a given search query, as determined by a Twitter algorithm. Searches on Twitter’s website return top tweets by default, or you can toggle to “All” results to see the full list of matching tweets.

Trend, trending

A topic or hashtag that is popular on social media at a given moment. Trends are highlighted by social networks such as Twitter and Facebook to encourage discussion and engagement among their users. The “trending” concept was first popularized by Twitter and has since been adopted by Facebook and other networks. The trends that you see on Twitter and Facebook are personalized for you, based on your location, who you follow, and the content you like.

Triage

The process of prioritizing, assigning, and responding to inbound social media messages. The term is borrowed from emergency medicine, where it is crucial to assess the relative urgency of every case to prioritize care.

In a social media triage process, incoming messages are filtered, evaluated for urgency, assigned to the necessary parties, and, if necessary, escalated so that the organization can provide the appropriate response (either online, offline, or both).

Troll

A social media user who makes a deliberately offensive or annoying postings with the sole aim of provoking other users.

Tweet

A Twitter message. Tweets are limited to 280 characters of text (including URLs) and could include embedded photos, videos, and some other forms of media. They are public by default and will show up in Twitter timelines and searches unless they are sent from protected accounts or as direct messages. Tweets can also be embedded in website pages.

Need more than 280 characters to get your message across? Hit the + button below your post to add an additional threaded tweet, then publish them all together.

Twitter

A social network and media platform where users communicate with 280-character messages along with photos, videos, and other content. Twitter is known for real-time discussions on breaking news stories and trends. Oh, and Russian bots.

Twitter card

A media-rich tweet that includes an embedded video, photo gallery, page summary, or other interactive element beyond the text of the message. Cards invite followers to engage with your content directly from their timelines. They are automatically attached to tweets whenever a user includes a link to a webpage with the card’s simple HTML code embedded.

To enable Twitter cards, check out Twitter’s guide for developers.

Twitter list

A personalized, curated collection of Twitter accounts. On public accounts, lists are visible to all users, and users can follow other users’ lists if desired. Users can see a feed of tweets from just one list’s accounts by clicking the name of the list.

Learn more: Twitter Hacks: 21 Tricks and Features You Probably Didn’t Know About

Twitter Moments

According to Twitter, “the best of what’s happening on Twitter in an instant.” By tapping on the lightning bolt symbol, you can see a list of events, news stories, and announcements that are updated throughout the day.

—U—

Unfollow

The action of unsubscribing from another Twitter user’s account. (Don’t want that user to know you’re totally over their tweets? Mute them instead.)

See Mute

Unfriend

Removing someone from a list of social media contacts.

Unroll

The act of splitting a thread of tweets into individual posts for easier digestion (or accessibility for screen readers and other tools designed to help users with various impairments). Services like the Thread Reader App make this as simple as mentioning @threadreaderapp with the word “unroll” as a reply to the thread you want unrolled.

Upvote

A signal of approval or agreement with a post or comment on the social website reddit. Posts with the most upvotes get top placement on the reddit homepage.

URL

Short for Uniform Resource Locator, the location of a website page or other resource on the Internet.

URL shortener

A tool that condenses a URL into a shorter (and more social media friendly) format. Users who click on a short link are redirected to the original web address. URL shorteners, such as Bitly or ow.ly, can also provide link tracking capabilities, which allow businesses to measure click-throughs from social media and attribute website conversions to individual social messages.

Learn more: URL Shorteners: The Unsung Hero Of Social Media Marketing

User-generated content

Media that has been created and published online by the users of a social or collaboration platform, typically for non-commercial purposes. User-generated content is one of the defining characteristics of social media.

Many companies have enthusiastically embraced and encouraged user-generated content as a means of increasing brand awareness and customer loyalty. User-generated campaigns (such as Instagram contests) allow businesses to tap into the creative energies of their customers and use the contributions to fuel ongoing marketing tactics.

Learn more: How to Use User-Generated Content for Marketing

—V—

Vanity metric

Analytics numbers that can be measured but aren’t a signifier of real return on investment. Number of Twitter or Instagram followers, website pageviews, and email opens are examples of vanity metrics. These metrics can offer an inflated sense of a brand’s success and are best when contextualized by more concrete numbers such as click-through rate or visitor-to-lead conversions.

Learn more: 19 Social Media Metrics That Really Matter—And How to Track Them

Vanity URL

A web address that is branded for marketing purposes. Vanity URLs are customized to replace common URL shortener formats with something more closely related to an organization’s branding: For example, instead of ow.ly or a bit.ly, Time Inc.’s vanity URL is ti.me. The New York Times uses nyti.ms.

Verified

An account whose owner has proven their identity with the social media platform provider. This is usually reserved for brands, journalists, and other public figures as a way of preventing fraud and protecting the integrity of the person or organization behind the account.

Learn more: How to Get Verified on Twitter: The Essential Guide for Marketers

Views

In reference to Snapchat, these are users who have looked at your Snap Story. To see who has viewed their story, users simply need to click the eye symbol next to their Story.

Vlogger

Someone who creates and broadcasts video blogs.

—W—

Webinar

A portmanteau of the words “website” and “seminar,” a digital broadcast of a presentation intended to educate or inform. Webinars allow users to see or hear a presentation from their own computer or other device, and often interact directly with the presenter or fellow attendees through chat or video.

—Y—

YouTube

Can be used as a noun to describe the website on which users upload, store, and share videos, or as a verb to describe the practice of consuming/creating content from/for the website. For example, “Have you seen my YouTube video?” or “I YouTubed Ariana Grande’s new music video.”

Use Hootsuite to easily manage all your social media channels from one dashboard. Grow your brand, engage customers, keep up with competitors, and measure results. Try it free today.

Get Started

The post The Ultimate List of Social Media Definitions You Need to Know in 2019 appeared first on Hootsuite Social Media Management.

The Ultimate List of Social Media Definitions You Need to Know in 2019 published first on https://getfblike.tumblr.com/

[escapewithmewzic]

China in the 21st century

I have always known that social media works differently in China because I’ve heard a little about it from here and there and that Weibo and Wechat are mainly used there. However, when my dad went to China earlier this year, we had a hard time communicating with him because apparently everything (by everything I meant especially WhatsApp and Facebook because my dad only uses this) does not work or if it does, it was really really really slow. My dad was in Zhuhai near its border in Macau and only then, he had access to Facebook and WhatsApp.

To put it simply, international social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, Snapchat, you name it...are all banned in China. Instead, China has their own version of social media platforms such as Wechat, Weibo and Youku. By providing these alternatives, the Chinese government can better monitor and control the citizens to protect itself.

China highly censors its Internet through the “Great Firewall” web filter, a surveillance and Internet censorship program aiming to neutralize critical online opinion and prevent the people in China from being ‘corrupted’ by views from people who the government thinks can harm the country (*coughs foreign culture). Its tactics doesn’t stop at censoring the Internet and shutting down websites, but China also jail dissident journalists, bloggers and activists.

Facebook has gained an approval to launch a subsidiary in the eastern province of Zhejiang but it was quickly withdrawn.

Despite the obvious reason of blocking the citizens from accessing foreign social media platforms to prevent them from politically sensitive information to safeguard political affairs , I believe that the banning of social media platforms is also due to economic reasons. Basically a monopoly on social media platforms.

Even though the people in China has little freedom compared to what we Malaysians have, I believe that one day, the citizens of China can eventually enact effective changes in their country. People are becoming more aware and using the Internet to voice out disapproval and forming online communities. With the people of China relying heavily on social media, who knows? One day.

A question that was asked during the presentation on this case study that intrigues me till now is “Do you think China is a strong country for technological development?”

With no doubt, YES. 

China is a leader in the field of Artificial Intelligence(AI). I’m sure most of us know about China’s social credit system which allows the government to closely monitor and scrutinize each and every one of its citizens (1.3 billion) based on their behaviours and activities. *I know the next thing that pops up in your mind is Black Mirror* Wow straight out of a dystopian episode of Black Mirror

It was announced back in 2014 and China plans to make it fully operational by 2021 starting with Beijing at the end of 2020 where the 22 million residents  in Beijing will be judged on data based on their social standing at the time. According to a government document, the system aims to reinforce the idea that “keeping trust is glorious and breaking trust is disgraceful”

It has that reward-punishment mechanism where reward credit will be given for pro-social behaviours like charity work, etc while citizens who do bad things like drinking under influence, smoking in non-smoking zones, posting fake news online will be punished. The system basically marks those who are found to have violated social codes or laws and the punishments are extensive. An example is restricted access to travel services.

The system is already being rolled out in some areas and the National Development and Reform Commission have already blocked about 11.14 million flights and 4.25 million high-speed train trips according to Global Times. Luxury options has also been clumped down where 3 million people are barred from getting business class train tickets.

Imagine being constantly scrutinized and surveillance

Things like how you behave in public transports, your driving skills, whether you have paid your bills on time,wasting money on frivolous purchases, playing video games too long are all taken into account! *mental breakdown*

The punishments are not detailed but other than restricting travel, internet speeds are slowed down, access to good schools for individuals or their kids are reduced, people are banned from certain jobs, bookings at certain hotels are prevented and people can even lose their right to their own pets!

According to Beijing News, 17 people who refused to enlist in military service the previous year were barred from applying for high school, enrolling into higher education and the worst of all, barred from continuing their studies. A university denied a student his spot because of his father’s poor social credit score. For those who the country deems untrustworthy, everything and everywhere is limited.

On the contrary, I saw this video on Facebook where a woman said she was able to book a hotel without paying a cash deposit because her social credit score was good. People with good credit score can also get discounts on bills, rent without deposits and get better interest rates at banks.

Escaping it will be really difficult because in China, it is required to have a government ID to access services which are largely centralized by China Telecom and Alipay which will in turn link to phone numbers that act as an ID number.

It does not end there because add facial recognition on CCTV and NFC tagging of vehicles to that. China’s developing a facial recognition system for the social credit system with a database of 1.3 billion ID photos that can be matched within seconds and is 90% accurate. Escaping seems impossible.

I feel like some people have this misconception that China isn’t as technologically developed because of the country’s ban on social media which leads to some assuming that they are in their own world and not as exposed and also because of those uncultured behaviours of SOME that we often see in videos on Facebook. These people must have forgotten that China makes more than 90% of the world’s smartphones, 65% of all personal computers and 67% of smart TVs according to Bernstein Research.

[gamecheat260-blog]

[No Human Verification] 8 Ball Pool Free Coins 8 Ball Pool Coins Hack 8 Ball Pool

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With this 8 Ball Pool Hack tool you can get Unlimited Coins and Cash and also you don?t need to Jailbreak or Root your devices.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

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'''Things you need to know about 8 Ball Pool'''

For a party or a club night to be successful, there needs to be a pool table, over which men show their snookering skills, exchange pleasantries with superiors and subordinates and whose rim is essentially used by men to keep their liquor glasses upon while playing or by women to just lean against by the players.

Actually, pooling, apart from a great party pastime, is a sport that requires skill and precision. One needs to have a great understanding of angles and what power to give to the stick in order to pot the specific cue ball, not putting the white ball down the hole in the process.

This indulges a lot of complexity all over the table, due to which it?s next to impossible to extrapolate and trace patterns with certainty to score any ball placed in an awkward position.

Though the game must be pursued with technique, it?s still not rocket science. Expertise comes with practice, that?s what all the legends say.

You can play 8 Ball Pool online on your PC and also on other handheld devices supporting Android or iOS platforms. You will be provided with a top view of the table where you can either compete against a CPU that you have chosen or it could be literally any random person across the globe. The rules that are applied in an actual pool game, work for this one as well.

This game is of the multiplayer kind but it also provides you with the attribute to play against the AI to practice your skills. If you want to play in multiplayer mode then you have to get linked up with an opponent via the internet and then can play a match with him or her.

In the tournament mode, you will be facing the best out of the best and really tough opponents to beat.

Conventional rules as in the actual pool game prevail, which let the person who pots the maximum sum of numbers written on the ball win.

Now you must be thinking, if this game is so simple to play, why are we talking about hacking it? Well, nothing comes for free in this game as well. Every match costs you some coins and winning lets you earn cash.

The cash can be used to activate preferences and unlock special items like rare cue sticks and other fancy items.

'''8 Ball Pool Hack'''

Perpetual demand of Coins and Cash to have an acceptable game experience makes it quite annoying for many people. One way is to work hard, the other is to spend your real money. But that seems a lot when there are easier methods available like Clash of Clans hack.

I know you want to try hacking the 8 Ball Pool game to generate Cash and Coins.

'''What is 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool?'''

Once you start playing the game regularly, you will be starting to crave for even more and that would encourage you to buy all the paid stuff. Thus, to abolish this problem, we came out with our 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool to get you going if you are just starting out or even if your skills aren?t good enough to beat your opponent.

It might be a great news to you that our hack provides safety as well as protects you from the administrators who are constantly monitoring the game.

You don?t need any 8 ball pool hack apk for your Android device to run this hack because it is online.

The hidden ingredient of this tool is the latest proxy module and Anti-Ban Prohibition options which works their best to keep your identity anonymous and weed you out from the spam filters.

There are a lot of people who tried various other methods to cheat the 8 Ball Pool game but unfortunately none of them worked as all have been banned as per this moment.

The reason for the occurrence of this is that the tool that they apply is not well structured or suitable for competing against their massive servers.

'''How will the 8 Ball Pool cheats/hacks help me in the game?'''

Unless you are from Hogwarts, and know how to cast spells, you obviously, won?t be able to achieve victory over each and every game that you start.

Even the best concentration and skill set won?t be able to save you from losing in some games. But, If you use this 8 Ball Pool cheats, you won?t ever have to worry about that again as your opponent is going to be stunned every time you play.

There are times when we lose faith in ourselves if we start on a losing streak and to save ourselves from going through such misery, this hack will be providing you with the upper hand on this game.

Now all you gotta do is just chill as you won?t be needing to spend any money along with a boost of unlimited 8 ball pool spins and tremendous amount of cash.

'''How to hack 8 Ball Pool using generator?'''

Many times you might hear that ?this generator will generate? or ?this coin generator will hack?. The main point lies in the fact that you need to get through the software, these software don?t generate the premium game stuff in real.

Actually the reason behind the working of 8 ball pool hack in the Android and iOS tool is that it gets connected with the game servers and provides you certain ways in the form of some cheats so, that you could use it by yourself.

There is no direct mechanism to generate the 8 ball pool free unlimited coins by itself and sensibly it doesn?t look good that an online tool can generate free coins without having an official connection or official tag with it.

'''Proper Guidance to use 8 ball Pool online hack tool:'''

We all know that the internet is full of spammed bots, malicious threads and viruses which can affect your device. So, always go for the trusted source, even if the process is a bit complex, and cumbersome.

With the 8 ball pool hack generator, you have to just verify your email id and you can use unlimited number of coins using the legit software.

There are some procedures you need to follow.

* You just need to have an internet connection and an Email ID for verification, to use the online hack.

* You need to provide your Email ID or Username to claim your unlimited free coins and spins. (Don?t worry; your details will be confidential.)

* Some other things are also required, as they complete the process of simple captcha verification, and thus you get to enjoy your unlimited free coins for the 8 Ball Pool.

'''How to use Online 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool? The Simple Steps'''

Click on the link below

Enter the username/E-mail and select ?Next? button.

Enter the required Cash and Coins.

Click on ?Generate? button. (It takes some time to complete the generation process)

Check your account for Cash and Coins.

'''Online 8 Ball Pool Hack Features:'''

'''Using our online 8 Ball Pool hack tool is very easy and simple.'''

It requires no space in the device?s memory.

Online 8 Ball Pool hack tool free is safe and provides ban protection.

No need to Jailbreak/Root your iOS and Android devices.

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Everything takes place through a proxy system.

After you?ve played with the app for 30 seconds, open the Miniclip 8 Ball Pool game again and sign in with your profile and Voila! You are now a rich man, with lots of cash and coin to stop making you worry further.

There?s another way you can have such a treasure full of coins and cash. You might have noticed the options to payment for coins and cash packs in the game.

With this hack, you won?t have to pay a single penny to unlock the packs.

Is Online 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool Safe?

These Online 8 Ball Pool Hack sites assure you won?t be banned from the game As they use an anonymous proxy in order to make the Online 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool no human verification is undetectable.

The software is not needed to be downloaded since it is preserved in a different server to ensure the safety of the software.

Moreover, you do not need to Root or Jailbreak your Android/iOS device. You shall find proofs on social networking sites that show the hack absolutely works and you will get the maximum coins and cash.

8 Ball Pool makes the pool game experience really exhilarating with its awesome graphics, funny CPU generated conversation to let the fun in, perfect adherence to the most popular traditional 8 ball pool game and a chance to compete against players across the globe.

You might also enhance your pool gaming skills and impress people in a party in the future, who knows!

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[gamecheat290-blog]

8 Ball Pool Hack - Cheats for Free Coins & Cash [Up-dATED]

8 Ball Pool Hack No Survey ? No Human Verification 100% Working

Generate Unlimited Coins and Cash and rush through the storyline without any impedance.

This 8 Ball Pool hack is available for iOS, Android and PC devices. All OS variant is being worked on by it. But we?ve tested it and it works on most of all mobile phones.

With this 8 Ball Pool Hack tool you can get Unlimited Coins and Cash and also you don?t need to Jailbreak or Root your devices.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

'''Here is Free Game and Gold Generator'''

Click The Link Below and Generate Unlimited Free Cash and Coins http://gamebag.website/top/8-ball-pool-hack/

if there any problem you face or if you don't get free Cash and Coins don't hesitate reply comment section below

This Free Cheats Created BY: gamebag.website

_____________________________________________________________________________

'''Things you need to know about 8 Ball Pool'''

For a party or a club night to be successful, there needs to be a pool table, over which men show their snookering skills, exchange pleasantries with superiors and subordinates and whose rim is essentially used by men to keep their liquor glasses upon while playing or by women to just lean against by the players.

Actually, pooling, apart from a great party pastime, is a sport that requires skill and precision. One needs to have a great understanding of angles and what power to give to the stick in order to pot the specific cue ball, not putting the white ball down the hole in the process.

This indulges a lot of complexity all over the table, due to which it?s next to impossible to extrapolate and trace patterns with certainty to score any ball placed in an awkward position.

Though the game must be pursued with technique, it?s still not rocket science. Expertise comes with practice, that?s what all the legends say.

You can play 8 Ball Pool online on your PC and also on other handheld devices supporting Android or iOS platforms. You will be provided with a top view of the table where you can either compete against a CPU that you have chosen or it could be literally any random person across the globe. The rules that are applied in an actual pool game, work for this one as well.

This game is of the multiplayer kind but it also provides you with the attribute to play against the AI to practice your skills. If you want to play in multiplayer mode then you have to get linked up with an opponent via the internet and then can play a match with him or her.

In the tournament mode, you will be facing the best out of the best and really tough opponents to beat.

Conventional rules as in the actual pool game prevail, which let the person who pots the maximum sum of numbers written on the ball win.

Now you must be thinking, if this game is so simple to play, why are we talking about hacking it? Well, nothing comes for free in this game as well. Every match costs you some coins and winning lets you earn cash.

The cash can be used to activate preferences and unlock special items like rare cue sticks and other fancy items.

'''8 Ball Pool Hack'''

Perpetual demand of Coins and Cash to have an acceptable game experience makes it quite annoying for many people. One way is to work hard, the other is to spend your real money. But that seems a lot when there are easier methods available like Clash of Clans hack.

I know you want to try hacking the 8 Ball Pool game to generate Cash and Coins.

'''What is 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool?'''

Once you start playing the game regularly, you will be starting to crave for even more and that would encourage you to buy all the paid stuff. Thus, to abolish this problem, we came out with our 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool to get you going if you are just starting out or even if your skills aren?t good enough to beat your opponent.

It might be a great news to you that our hack provides safety as well as protects you from the administrators who are constantly monitoring the game.

You don?t need any 8 ball pool hack apk for your Android device to run this hack because it is online.

The hidden ingredient of this tool is the latest proxy module and Anti-Ban Prohibition options which works their best to keep your identity anonymous and weed you out from the spam filters.

There are a lot of people who tried various other methods to cheat the 8 Ball Pool game but unfortunately none of them worked as all have been banned as per this moment.

The reason for the occurrence of this is that the tool that they apply is not well structured or suitable for competing against their massive servers.

'''How will the 8 Ball Pool cheats/hacks help me in the game?'''

Unless you are from Hogwarts, and know how to cast spells, you obviously, won?t be able to achieve victory over each and every game that you start.

Even the best concentration and skill set won?t be able to save you from losing in some games. But, If you use this 8 Ball Pool cheats, you won?t ever have to worry about that again as your opponent is going to be stunned every time you play.

There are times when we lose faith in ourselves if we start on a losing streak and to save ourselves from going through such misery, this hack will be providing you with the upper hand on this game.

Now all you gotta do is just chill as you won?t be needing to spend any money along with a boost of unlimited 8 ball pool spins and tremendous amount of cash.

'''How to hack 8 Ball Pool using generator?'''

Many times you might hear that ?this generator will generate? or ?this coin generator will hack?. The main point lies in the fact that you need to get through the software, these software don?t generate the premium game stuff in real.

Actually the reason behind the working of 8 ball pool hack in the Android and iOS tool is that it gets connected with the game servers and provides you certain ways in the form of some cheats so, that you could use it by yourself.

There is no direct mechanism to generate the 8 ball pool free unlimited coins by itself and sensibly it doesn?t look good that an online tool can generate free coins without having an official connection or official tag with it.

'''Proper Guidance to use 8 ball Pool online hack tool:'''

We all know that the internet is full of spammed bots, malicious threads and viruses which can affect your device. So, always go for the trusted source, even if the process is a bit complex, and cumbersome.

With the 8 ball pool hack generator, you have to just verify your email id and you can use unlimited number of coins using the legit software.

There are some procedures you need to follow.

* You just need to have an internet connection and an Email ID for verification, to use the online hack.

* You need to provide your Email ID or Username to claim your unlimited free coins and spins. (Don?t worry; your details will be confidential.)

* Some other things are also required, as they complete the process of simple captcha verification, and thus you get to enjoy your unlimited free coins for the 8 Ball Pool.

'''How to use Online 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool? The Simple Steps'''

Click on the link below

Enter the username/E-mail and select ?Next? button.

Enter the required Cash and Coins.

Click on ?Generate? button. (It takes some time to complete the generation process)

Check your account for Cash and Coins.

'''Online 8 Ball Pool Hack Features:'''

'''Using our online 8 Ball Pool hack tool is very easy and simple.'''

It requires no space in the device?s memory.

Online 8 Ball Pool hack tool free is safe and provides ban protection.

No need to Jailbreak/Root your iOS and Android devices.

100% safe and undetectable with its anti-ban script.

Everything takes place through a proxy system.

After you?ve played with the app for 30 seconds, open the Miniclip 8 Ball Pool game again and sign in with your profile and Voila! You are now a rich man, with lots of cash and coin to stop making you worry further.

There?s another way you can have such a treasure full of coins and cash. You might have noticed the options to payment for coins and cash packs in the game.

With this hack, you won?t have to pay a single penny to unlock the packs.

Is Online 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool Safe?

These Online 8 Ball Pool Hack sites assure you won?t be banned from the game As they use an anonymous proxy in order to make the Online 8 Ball Pool Hack Tool no human verification is undetectable.

The software is not needed to be downloaded since it is preserved in a different server to ensure the safety of the software.

Moreover, you do not need to Root or Jailbreak your Android/iOS device. You shall find proofs on social networking sites that show the hack absolutely works and you will get the maximum coins and cash.

8 Ball Pool makes the pool game experience really exhilarating with its awesome graphics, funny CPU generated conversation to let the fun in, perfect adherence to the most popular traditional 8 ball pool game and a chance to compete against players across the globe.

You might also enhance your pool gaming skills and impress people in a party in the future, who knows!

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