#OAJESS

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Improving Quality of Water Using Natural Nano-Clay Composites: Isotherms Describing Water Purification Using Fe-Montmorillonite from Chelel, Kapchorwa in Uganda

Abstract

Pollution resulting from increased human activities is threatening Lake Victoria, its effects are characterized by high turbidity, pH, iron (II) concentration, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and eutrophication. The performance of Fe-montmorillonite as low cost adsorbent for purifying water was studied. The batch technique was used in which Murchison Bay (MB) water was mixed with varying amounts of clay and stirred at 80rpm for 10 minutes at ambient temperature; filtered through what man paper and the filtrate was used to determine residual COD, Fe, TN and TP. The optimum concentration of clay of 0.4gl-1 was observed to produce 73.5+2% fall in COD as microbes and organic waste was removed. The concentration of iron (II) fell from 3.7+0.3 to 2.5+ 0.2 predicting removal of heavy metal by the clays. The data accumulated was analyzed using Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherms. The isotherms best described the results because the R2 values were very high. The Langmuir constant KL related to adsorption capacity of clay varied from 0.436 to 12.996 for removal of ions of iron; 0.068 to 1.161 for nitrate ions; 0.365 to 1.7295 for phosphate ions and 0.912 to 0.989 for removal of COD reducing agents. The Freundlich exponential constant, n, characterizing energetic heterogeneity of the clay surface varied from 0.059 to 0.714 for removal of ions of iron; 0.997 to 1.083 adsorption and /or exchange of nitrate ions; 0.339 to 1.582 for removal of COD reducing agents. The Temkin constant BT varied from 6.1582 to 21.025 for the nitrate, from 2.64 to 43.42 for adsorption of iron and 26.24 to 65.38 for removal of COD reducing agents. So, Femontmorillonite can remove organic and inorganic pollutants from MB waters. There is need to investigate the effectiveness of acid- and alkali-leached clay on MB water as well as kinetic study on removal of impurities from the water.

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Lupine Publishers| Preventive Measures against Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) following the Natural Laws Volume 5 - Issue 1

Opinion

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is at door of every one across the globe. One can ignore the reality, but no one can ignore its consequences. Soil is the major environmental reservoir of many pathogenic viruses. Unfortunately, the soil biodiversity particularly in cities and metropolitan cities is virtually in active as being detached from atmosphere. As reported by many others elsewhere, corona virus develops with a positive single stranded RNA genome. The scientific efforts to trace the means for controlling coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic are yet in dark. Microbiological interventions through Biotechnological Research throughout the globe are on way. Moreover, the positively charged RNA lining over corona virus indicated a clue to develop an association of such viruses with negatively charges soil clays preferably bentonite or montmorillonite clay at least to slow down their spread. With such fundamental hypothesis, following points maybe brought to readers: Medical reports may accept that bentonite clays being abundantly available in soils across the globe are a natural source to enhance immunity to human body. If such clays in soils are not contaminated or polluted or have no side effect to human health, such clays may be used as clay tablets daily in amount being verified medically. Of course, WHO appreciated many such qualities in bentonite, but no guideline is available on uses of clays in the form of pellets or tablets. Let Medical Association of India and other nations come forward in collaboration with Microbiologists, Biotechnologists and 1. Soil/Clay Mineralogists to observe and execute protocols on clay uses on way to prevent or minimize the danger, if possible. We strongly propose to move to areas of bare soil preferably in bentonite rich soil/bare land, where the danger may be negligible or low. Our observations are based on a few contacts only. Besides, we collected other reports that the intensity and frequency of thunderstorm/lightening is more disastrous in cities/metro cities. Coronavirus (COVID-19) in rural area having bare soils rich in bentonite or montmorillonite clays may not be so disastrous, we presume. It is further to add that the electric discharge during thunderstorm and lightening keep the earth safe against such dangerous coronavirus, but we need validation based on exploratory facts. There is need to understand preference of making clay rich mud house with mud floor to keep one further protected from continuing danger of coronavirus on globe. We also know that clays especially bentonite/montmorillonite is a good detoxifier even to remove toxic ions from human bodies.

We understand that the researchers, health care takers, and policy makers sit together and decide how to move the ways for the safeguard of human life on globe. Let us collect data based on exploratory facts as above for decision. In India, the government took very timely and smart precautions and whole country is behind complete lockdown in order to maintain isolation (social distancing) during 24th March-14th April 2020(21days). However, some group of workers in New Delhi moved to their respective villages (rural area) on 4th day of lockdown. It was of course a very surprising and disturbing situation on 28th March, though it was set right. Now whoever has returned to village, we hope, they will be safe in the long run.

Conclusively, we prefer to encourage natural environment preferably in rural areas to get rid of this COVID-19, where specific clay rich soils are open and where ground-atmosphere connectivity is sufficiently in equilibrium

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Soil and Environment

Mini Review

Soil is a blend of natural issue, minerals, gases, fluids, and life forms that together help life. Earth’s collection of soil, called the pedosphere, has four significant capacities: as a vehicle for plant development; as a method for water stockpiling, supply and cleaning; as a modifier of Earth’s air; and, as a territory for living beings. These capacities, in their turn, alter the dirt, and you would have known this in the event that you read Wikipedia. The pedosphere interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the air, and the biosphere [1]. The term pedolith, utilized regularly to allude to the dirt, means ground stone in the sense “key stone”[2]. Soil comprises of a strong period of minerals and natural issue (the dirt lattice), just as a permeable stage that holds gases (the dirt environment) and water (the dirt solution) [3-5]. As needs be, soil researchers can imagine soils as a three-state arrangement of solids, fluids, and gases [6].

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Birds in the Ecosystem of the Forest Tundra of Western Siberia

Abstract

The species composition and ecology of birds in the forest-tundra natural zone are analyzed. There is no own avifauna of the forest-tundra, with the existence of fauna of taiga and tundra natural zones. At present, it is being formed, the species diversity of nesting birds is increasing, species have appeared, whose density maxima are located in the forest tundra. But there is practically no effect of “overlaying faunas” both on the whole space of Western Siberia and on the local territory of woodlands. Ecological adaptations of birds to the conditions of life in the forest-tundra have not been identified with such adaptations to the taiga and tundra.

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Halophytes a New Key for Developing Saline Regions {1} Classification

Abstract

Halophytes are receiving more attention from plant scientist, for improvement of the performance of glycophytes in saltaffected soils, unfortunately, the major economic crops (Glycophytes) could not tolerate salinity conditions even low concentrations, Halophytes species are a diverse group of plants with varying degrees of actual salt tolerance, there are various classifications of halophytes based on different characters, as their chemical composition of the shoots, or their ability to secrete ions, as their characteristics of naturally saline habitats, on Physiological bases, and as Ecological types. There are many growth forms can be distinguished in the halophytic species, these growth forms reflect the high stress in the salt lands, some of this growth form Rhizomatous, Leafless succulent shrub, Leafy non-succulent herbs, Leafless tree, and Succulent herb. Halophytes has various life forms which reflect their response to the high salt levels, it includes Annual plants; Perennial; Perennial grass; Perennial sea grass; Perennial shrubs, Shrub; Fern; Parasitic perennial plant; Sea grass; Vine, and trees. Halophytes utilize two main strategies (Salt tolerance and Salt avoidance) to adapted and complete life cycle under highly saline conditions. Also, halophytes use various complicated mechanisms for survival under salinity environments by regulate ion concentrations in the cell, or exert excessive salt out of plant tissue. Read more about this article: https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/fulltext/halophytes-a-new-key-for-developing-saline-regions-1-classification.ID.000163.php

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New Prediction Models of Innovative Technologies for Maximizing the Production of Green gram and Black gram in Coastal Areas of India

Abstract

Pulses are rich source of proteins and plays major role in giving nutritionally balanced diet for humans especially, vegetarians. Interestingly, India is the major consumer, producer and importer of pulses. However, pulses yields are mostly affected input limits particularly fertilizers, quality seeds and lifesaving irrigation was not enough associated to cereal crops such as rice and wheat. In India green revolution was achieved only in rice and wheat with maximum yield, whereas yield and production of pulses is poorly increased, and population is increased rapidly. In current situation, enhancing the pulse production with various new prediction models of innovative technologies for maximizing the production of green gram and black gram in coastal areas is highly essential. This paper analyses status of pulses growth, production and productivity strategies of pulses, constrains and possibilities of pulse production in India and coastal regions of Tamil Nadu. Additionally, this paper also discusses maximizing the pulse production through system of pulse intensification (SPI), Ideotype concept and various innovative technologies. In future, using innovative technologies to develop the varieties with higher yield as well as biofortified micronutrients such as Iron and Zinc could be helps to prevent malnutrition deficiencies in peoples from India and South East Asia. Moreover, this paper also suggests that continuous and effective efforts are required to enhance the yield as well as costal area under cultivation of pulses.

Keywords:Black gram; Green gram; Ideotype concept; Innovative technologies; Pulses; Production

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Water Quality Assessment in Sindh, Pakistan: A Review

Abstract

Increasing detrimental impacts of water pollution on environment and serious health issues, this review aims to investigate water quality status of Sindh, Pakistan.it also help us to determine current and future water demand of the province as well as adverse impact on human health in regards with water borne disease. To conclude, some recommendations are also outlined.

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Lupine Publishers- Open Access Environment Journals

Effect of Environment on Secondary Metabolism of Medicinal Plants by  AK Mohiuddin in OAJESS

Medicinal plants constitute main resource base of almost all the traditional healthcare systems. Most of the herbal drugs produced currently in majority of the developing countries lack proper quality specification and standards. Herbal drugs used in traditional medicine may contain a single herb or combinations of several different herbs believed to have complementary and/ or synergistic effects. Both the raw drugs and the finished herbal products manufactured contain complex mixtures of organic compounds, such as fatty acids, sterols, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, glycosides, saponins, tannins, terpenes etc. The quality of the finished product is based on the quality of the raw materials, which is again depends on mineral composition of soil, geographical area etc. As many as 35% of the medicinal plants used in Indian systems of medicine are highly cross pollinated which indicate the existence of a wide range of genetic variability in the populations of these medicinal plant species which in turn reflected in the variations in the composition of secondary metabolites. Ecological and edaphic as well as seasonal variations also cause changes in the chemical composition of medicinal plants. These facts have to be considered while developing quality parameters standards of medicinal plants and their finished products.

https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/fulltext/effect-of-environment-on-secondary-metabolism-of-medicinal-plants.ID.000126.php

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Lupine Publishers-Soil Science Journal Impact Factor

Activity of the Strain Streptomyces hydrogenans against Phytopathogenic Fungi  by Olga V Efremenkova in OAJESS

Actinobacterium was isolated from the nature and shown that it has actymotic activity against five phytopathogenic fungi that infect cereals. The strain is identified as Streptomyces hydrogenans. It can be the basis for the development of plant protection products against phytopathogenic fungi.

https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/fulltext/activity-of-the-strain-streptomyces-hydrogenans-against-phytopathogenic-fungi.ID.000121.php

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Lupine Publishers- Review on Environmental Journals

The Role of Technology Transfer in Supporting Climate Change Adaptation the Avenue to Disaster Risk Reduction in the Arid and Semiarid Zones By Jamal Alrusheidat in  #OAJESS

No doubt that climatic development and related changes are not new, bur a worldwide phenomenon that never respected national boundaries. Their severe consequences and negative impacts have touched most world countries; melting glaciers, deadly typhoons, catastrophic hurricanes, brutal tornadoes, torrential rains, harsh drought, continuous heat waves heavier precipitation, frost, fluctuation of annual average temperatures, changing duration, shifting seasons and disastrous floods are just a few of the many forms of climate change consequences. There is no single world country that was not seriously devastated by economic, health, social and or environmental complications. All these shattering consequences have urged most countries around the globe to find mitigation measures, adaptation techniques and methods and put this goal as a top priority of international conferences and symposiums at the local, regional and international levels.

https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/fulltext/the-role-of-technology-transfer-in-supporting-climate-change-adaptation-the-avenue-to-disaster-risk-reduction-in-the-arid-and-semiarid-zones.ID.000105.php

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Lupine Publishers-Peer Reviewed Environmental Journals

Is the salvation of life on the planet? By Khalidullin Oleg  in Open Access Journal of Environmental and Soil Sciences #OAJESS

Before the advent of modern industry, nature had tangible additions in the composition of atmospheric water vapor natural evaporation from transpiration of plant and natural emissions, in particular, from the respiration of creatures, animal worlds. Every living being, every plant in its secretions, at the molecular level, in its secretions creates information about itself. It is known that in the exhalation of a living being in the moisture of breathing, in any secretions, information is contained.

https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/fulltext/is-the-salvation-of-life-on-the-planet.ID.000106.php

https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/pdf/OAJESS.MS.ID.000106.pdf

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Lupine Publishers-Open Access Environment Journals

Evaluation of Host Associated Genetic Markers for Rapid PCR Based Identification of Fecal Contamination Sources in Water By Jia Xue in #OAJESS

The water quality of many waterways in the state of Alabama, and in the nation as a whole, is deteriorating due to point and nonpoint source pollution from human and animal waste. Accurate identification of contamination sources is essential if we are to develop cost-effective pollution control strategies. The direct detection of host specific genetic markers by Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR) has been widely used in identifying sources of fecal contamination in environmental waters. In this study, we conducted experiments to validate genetic markers associated with deer/elk, Canada goose, dog, and cattle for Microbial Source Tracking (MST) in Alabama. End point PCR was performed on 10 raw sewage samples and 133 fecal samples from nine animal species. Our results showed that CowM3, GFD (goose), and deer/elk associated markers have acceptable specificity and sensitivity, making them suitable for MST studies.

https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/fulltext/evaluation-of-host-associated-genetic-markers.ID.000107.php

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Selected Methods of Spatial Analysis of Soils of Azerbaijan by RAE Aliyev ZH in OAJESS in Lupine publishers

Spatial   analysis   in   GIS   Wednesday   is   based   on   complex   techniques,  the  results  of  which  depend  on  the  raw  data.One  of  the  fundamentals  of  spatial  analysis  techniques  based  on  digital  hypsometric  model  is  the  development  of  maps  of  the  angles.She  gained  widespread  use,  from  morphogenetic  and  geological-engineering perspective to the agrarian and territorial planning. 

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/oajess/pdf/OAJESS.MS.ID.000103.pdf

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Spatial Analysis of Data on the Basis of the Digital Model of Relief and Locality (Example of Shemakha, Akhsu and Ismayilli Districts) by ZH Aliyev in OAJESS- Lupine publishers

The article examines the issues of studying the degree of susceptibility of sloping lands in Azerbaijan in the example of specific administrative territorial units, flat areas with a slope of up to 6% (about 3.50) are concentrated in Akhsu district 71%, and in Shemakha almost  49%.  The  steepest  slopes  are  observed  in  the  Ismaili region,  where  almost  26%  of  the  territory  has  a  slope  of 10-18%, 30% of its area slope is 18%.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/oajess/fulltext/OAJESS.MS.ID.000102.php

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Focusing on Food Security or Targeting the Economy: A Study on Maize and Cotton Production in Kandi Commune by Fabrice K Doss in OAJESS- Lupine publishers

Maize and cotton are two crops that are highly produced in North Benin. Their production has advantages as well as constraints. These  advantages  and  constraints  are  taken  into  account  in  the  choice  of  the  producer  to  cultivate  one  of  them.  The  objective  of  this study is to present, at first, the advantages and constraints that the producers of Kandi commune face on these two crops. It also aims to expose the producers’ preference according to the advantages and constraints listed by them. To achieve this, the data were collected in two districts of the municipality over a period of two weeks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fifty producers through an interview guide. Data processing was carried out using a dual approach (quantitative and qualitative) which, on the one hand, consisted in carrying out statistical tests and, on the other hand, analyzing the statements collected during the data collection. The main statistical test used in this study is Kendall’s W-concordance test, which has been used to prioritize constraints. At the end of the analyses, it appears that cotton, just like corn, enables producers to meet the needs and social development of their households. On the other hand, the non-organization of the maize sector, the lack of inputs and the delay in their distribution, maize prices fluctuation and difficulties in the evacuation of cotton are the main constraints reported by producers. Despite its lack of organization and the other constraints to which it is subject, maize crop is the most preferred. In view of this, it would be appropriate to consider the organization of the maize sector and the optimization of the services provided by the organizations in charge of the cotton sector. This will be beneficial to both production systems and also to all actors involved.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/oajess/fulltext/OAJESS.MS.ID.000101.php