#What Is HMRC Form 17?

[georgeshutcheson]

What Is HMRC Form 17?

New Post has been published on https://www.fastaccountant.co.uk/what-is-hmrc-form-17/

What Is HMRC Form 17?

Have you ever wondered what HMRC Form 17 is and how it can benefit you? Look no further! This article is here to shed some light on this important document. It is a form that allows married couples or civil partners in the UK to declare how they want to share their income from jointly owned property for tax purposes. By filling out this form, you can potentially optimize your tax arrangements and save money. Let’s explore the ins and outs of HMRC Form 17 and discover its advantages in more detail.

Overview of HMRC Form 17

Definition of HMRC Form 17

It is a tax form used in the United Kingdom by individuals who jointly own rental properties or other assets. It allows for the allocation of income and expenses between the co-owners, ensuring that each owner’s tax liability is calculated accurately.

Purpose of HMRC Form 17

The main purpose of HMRC Form 17 is to enable co-owners to share the income and expenses from jointly owned properties or assets in a way that reflects their legal ownership rights. By completing this form, family members can benefit from income tax planning, minimize their tax liability, and even transfer ownership of assets in accordance with their financial and estate planning goals.

Who is required to complete this Form

HMRC Form 17 must be completed by individuals who jointly own rental properties and wish to specify sharing agreement of income from the property for income tax purposes. It is particularly relevant for spouses or civil partners who own joint properties, as they often have joint obligations and entitlements for tax purposes. However, it is important to note that each individual must meet the eligibility criteria set by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to use this form. One of which is to present proof that your beneficial interest in the property are not equal, such as through a declaration or deed.

Understanding HMRC Form 17

What information is required on HMRC Form 17

When completing HMRC Form 17, there are several key pieces of information that need to be provided. This includes details about the co-owners, such as their names, addresses, and unique taxpayer reference numbers. Additionally, the form requires information about the jointly owned property or asset, such as its address, the date it was acquired, and the nature of the ownership arrangement.

How to fill out HMRC Form 17

Filling out HMRC Form 17 may seem daunting at first, but it is designed to be user-friendly. The form provides clear instructions for each section, guiding you through the process step by step. It is important to ensure that all information is accurate and complete to avoid any potential issues or penalties. If you are uncertain about any aspect of the form, it is advisable to seek professional assistance or refer to the guidance provided by HMRC.

Where to submit HMRC Form 17

Once completed, HMRC Form 17 should be submitted to HMRC along with any supporting documentation that may be required. The form can be submitted either online through the HMRC website or by mail. It is crucial to keep copies of the completed form and all supporting documents for your records.

Benefits of Using HMRC Form 17

Income tax planning

HMRC Form 17 provides individuals with a valuable tool for income tax planning. By allocating income and expenses between co-owners, it allows for a more strategic distribution of tax liabilities. This can be particularly beneficial for couples or partners who may have different income levels and tax brackets, allowing them to maximize their tax efficiency.

Minimizing tax liability

One of the major benefits of HMRC Form 17 is its ability to help minimize tax liability. By distributing income and expenses in a way that reflects the co-owners’ legal entitlements, individuals can potentially reduce their overall tax burden. This can be especially advantageous when there is a significant disparity in income between the co-owners.

Common FAQs

Can I use HMRC Form 17 for multiple properties?

Yes, HMRC Form 17 can be used for multiple properties as long as they are jointly owned. The form allows for the allocation of income and expenses for each property and co-owner separately. It is important to provide accurate information for each property and review the form before submission to ensure all details are correctly included.

What if I have joint ownership with someone else?

If you have joint ownership with someone else, such as a spouse or civil partner, HMRC Form 17 is the appropriate form to use. It enables you to allocate the income and expenses between co-owners based on their wishes. This can help ensure that the tax liability is accurately calculated for each individual.

Do I need to complete HMRC Form 17 every year?

You generally need to complete HMRC Form 17 each year if you have a joint ownership arrangement and there have been changes in the income or expenses associated with the jointly owned property or asset. It is important to review your circumstances annually to determine whether the form needs to be completed. Keeping proper records and seeking professional advice can help ensure compliance with HMRC requirements.

[ukimmigrationmatters]

21 SMART Money And Energy Saving Tips

With energy bills, fuel and interest rates soaring, there’s never been a more critical time to make savings and learn how to manage our money to the best of our ability. I cover many more tips and money-making ideas in my programme, Master Your Money the S.M.A.R.T Way training. Check it out for free - https://bit.ly/3isugCr.

Please LIKE and SHARE – WATCH YOUTUBE VIDEO - https://youtu.be/taJgXOqp9O0

Here are some tips to help you save and accumulate more money.

1 Pay yourself and save first, spend what’s left

2 Avoid credit card debt interest

3 Track your income and expenditure

‘T’ for ‘track’ is included in my programme, Master Your Money the S.M.A.R.T Way training. Check it out for free - https://bit.ly/3isugCr.

4 Start saving and investing

Check out www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts for more information. Check for the best cash ISA rates at Moneyfacts. Shop around and be prepared to move your money to obtain the best rates.

5 Emergency or contingency funds

6 Loyalty doesn’t always pay - switch suppliers

Check your latest utility statements and check out comparison sites, such as uswitch or moneysupermarket.

7 Reduce your car insurance

8 Review your mortgage

‘R’ for ‘review’ is part of my programme, Master Your Money the S.M.A.R.T Way training. Check it out - https://bit.ly/3isugCr.

9 Check your tax code to pay less to HMRC

10 Look for old bank accounts and pension policies

11 Check for any entitlements to benefits.

12 Reduce your grocery bill

13 Avoid wasting food

14 Explore local charities for help – there is an abundance of food given away by supermarkets

15 Check your workplace or private pension

16 Check your state pension and NI contributions level

17 Use loyalty cards, price match and vouchers and deal finders

Try hacks like VoucherCodes ‘DealFinder’ as a plug-in on Chrome to be alerted to the best deals while buying online.

There are hundreds of money saving apps and discount offers, such as Sweatcoin and BetterPoints, where you can get paid to walk and exchange your steps for store discounts and freebies.

18 Cut energy bills

Check out the Energy Saving Trust for some great energy and money saving hacks.

19 Sell unwanted stuff on resale platforms

You can turn unwanted clothes into cash using resale platforms such as Depop, Vinted and eBay.

20 Mindset – avoid emotional spending and blowing your salary on payday

In my programmes and YouTube Money Tips Podcast videos I talk about money mindset. A recent survey by Nationwide’s Payday Saveday revealed that 1 in 5 people blow over half their spare monthly wages within 48 hours of payday!

21 Plan, organise and forecast

The key is in planning and organising your expenditure, work, goals, relationships and life! As in the first tip, prioritise essential expenditure and your savings pot, before spending.

Finally, searching for the best deals, tracking and reviewing your finances and being mindful of spending money on things to don’t really need will not only help you get through the current crises but help you form lifelong habits that will enable to build wealth.

For more ideas and tips, see out my new training to help you get control of your finances in 28 days!

Click to join: https://bit.ly/3isugCr

#freetraining #savemoney #moneysavingtips #mortgage #creditcarddebt #energybill #costofliving #goals #foodbank #getcontroloffinances #money

[bunnywand]

want to change my name on my provisional driving licence. i need:

the application form

which i have to send off with:

my old licence

documents to confirm my new name and gender

and

a passport-style photo, signed and verified by someone i know

a cheque for £17

the documents you can use recommends i use:

a passport

which i do not have, so instead, you can send a number of things, the only one of which i have is:

a birth certificate

but if you use a birth certificate, you also need other documents which can include:

letters from the DWP or HMRC, or a P45/P60 etc

which need to be signed and verified by someone as well.

if you’ve changed your name you also need to send:

your deed poll

and if you’ve changed your gender it says you can send either

your deed poll

a statutory declaration

or your gender recognition certifcate.

but i don’t have a statutory declaration or a gender recognition certificate, and they both have even More convoluted application processes on top of all this.. and i’m not rly sure how the deed poll confirms my gender change?? 😵‍💫

so u can see why i feel like my brain is being fried trying to figure this out.. 🙁

i think first and foremost, i need to actually Get the application form and get a photo sorted out.. then i guess the best i can do is get everything that needs to be signed and verified, signed and verified, and then send them off w/ the money, my birth certificate and a deed poll, and see what happens?? 😣 but Man they do not make this an easy or kind process at all.... 😖

[pighelium92]

Understanding The Distinctions In Between A Will And A Trust Fund

Living Wills And Also Development Directives For Medical Choices

Content

If You Don'T Intend To Utilize A Lawyer

Sign Your Will In Front Of Witnesses.

To Determine That Will Take Care Of Your Minor Kid

Trick Documents To Have Alongside Your Last Will And Also Testament.

When Should You Obtain Lawful Advice To Compose Your Will?

Full An Estate Tax Form.

Making Use Of A Lawyer To Write Your Will

What Is Probate?

What To Anticipate From Your Lawyer

If You Don'T Intend To Use A Solicitor

The listed here shows the ordinary amount of rest children as well as kids need during a 24-hour period, consisting of daytime snoozes. If you feed your child to sleep, feeding and also going to sleep will become linked in your baby's mind.

Indicator Your Will In Front Of Witnesses.

This might differ if you were returning from statutory parental leave or are a returning armed forces reservist. Learn if you're qualified, as well as how much your company can assert if they place you on short-lived leave (' furlough') due to coronavirus (COVID-19). To aid us improve GOV.UK, we wish to understand even more regarding your browse through today. Do not fret we will not send you spam or share your e-mail address with anybody.

To Identify Who Will Care For Your Minor Children

Remedied incongruities within the guidance around the dates of qualification for the plan. 17 July 2020 Web page upgraded to make clear that notice durations being offered by furloughed workers include contractual notice periods.

How much do solicitors charge to execute a will UK?

Some probate specialists and solicitors charge an hourly rate while others charge a fee that is a percentage of the value of the estate. This fee is usually calculated as between 1% to 5% of the value of the estate, plus VAT.

If you have been flexibly furloughed, your company will need to work out your usual hrs and videotape the actual hours you function to compute your furloughed hours for the claim period. If your pay varies and also you've been used for much less than a year, companies will assert for an average of your normal monthly wages considering that you started work. You might be qualified to be furloughed, and also get a grant of 80% of your routine incomes up to a regular monthly cap of ₤ 2,500, if you are paid using PAYE as well as are in among the adhering to classifications. You must be paid at least the Instruction Minimum Wage/National Living Wage/National Base pay as appropriate for all of the time you invest training, also if this is greater than 80% of your typical salaries. If your revenues have actually lowered since you were off ill before your maternity leave began, this might influence your Statutory Maternity Pay.

Do dogs have agency?

Agency has become a key concept within history, especially since the rise of the “new” social history. But many historians treat agency as a uniquely human attribute, arguing that animals lack the cognitive abilities, self‐awareness, and intentionality to be agents.

If you're not happy with the method the council handles your grievance, take it to the local government and also social care ombudsman. An ombudsman is an independent person that's been appointed to explore issues regarding organisations. If you need to live in a treatment house, you have the right to pick where you live. If the council is arranging your care, you still have the right to make a decision just how your individual spending plan is spent.

Trick Papers To Have Along With Your Last Will And Testimony.

How many people believe free will?

Site Survey Shows 60 Percent Think Free Will Exists. Read Why. We are responsible for our own actions.

When Should https://oxfordshire.directwillstrusts.co.uk/explanation-of-terms/ Obtain Lawful Advice To Prepare Your Will?

Ask the Appraisal Workplace Firm if you need to know if adjustments to your residential or commercial property will impact your Council Tax band. Some RRSP's allow you to call a trustee on the policy if the recipient is a small. If you created your Will with a lawyer, then you must go back to that attorney and request them to prepare an update.

13 May 2020 Details added for workers that are furloughed and wish to volunteer. 21 May 2020 Information added to clarify that worker authorised income reductions can be subtracted from give payments. A web link has been included guiding consumers to inspect the influence on their tax credit reports.

Does God have a wife in the Bible?

God had a wife, Asherah, whom the Book of Kings suggests was worshipped alongside Yahweh in his temple in Israel, according to an Oxford scholar. In 1967, Raphael Patai was the first historian to mention that the ancient Israelites worshipped both Yahweh and Asherah.

When they wake in the evening, they might desire a feed to aid them return to sleep. You may really feel all set to introduce a bedtime regimen when your baby is around 3 months old. Getting them right into a basic, relaxing going to bed routine can be helpful for everyone and also aid protect against resting problems later.

You can be on any type of sort of agreement, consisting of a zero-hour contract or a short-lived agreement. You can be furloughed under the scheme if you are an international nationwide.

Calling HMRC needlessly places our vital public services in danger during these challenging times. Where Arm or leg Employees are paid through PAYE, they can be furloughed as well as get assistance through this scheme. Participants of LLPs that are designated as staff members for tax obligation purposes (' salaried participants') under the Revenue Tax Act are qualified to be furloughed as well as get support with this plan. A company can make their claim in expectancy of a brewing pay-roll run, at the point they run their payroll or after they have run their payroll. Those paid every year are qualified to claim, as long as they satisfy the appropriate problems.

Total An Inheritance Tax Form.

Where firm employees are paid with PAYE, they are qualified to be furloughed as well as receive support via this plan, consisting of where they are employed by umbrella business. If your employer asks you to take place furlough and you decline you may be at danger of redundancy or termination of employment, depending upon the situations of your employer. Nonetheless, this should remain in line with regular redundancy regulations and defenses. From 1 July, you as well as your employer can concur that you will be flexibly furloughed.

They have an identified and also durable method to policing the roadways and will take every possibility to make them safer for everyone. The police are not asking you to head out and detect offences for us, but we will handle any kind of you find. The kinds of offense which the police take care of normally have a six-month time frame for prosecutions.

Using A Lawyer To Create Your Will

Where a business thinks about that it remains in compliance with the legal obligations of several of its individual employed directors, the board can decide that such supervisors ought to be furloughed. Where a firm materials clients with workers who are employed by an umbrella business that runs the PAYE, it will be for the umbrella firm and also the worker to concur whether to furlough the worker or not. Furlough needs to be agreed between the company, as the considered employer, as well as the worker.

What Is Probate?

If you're nursing, ask your partner to take over the morning transforming and also clothing so you can go back to sleep. Most children aged 3 or 4 will need around 12 hrs rest, yet this can range from 8 hours approximately 14. Just as with adults, children' and also kids's rest patterns vary.

Your witness declaration need to plainly state what time/date the event happened. We are unable to manage cases of poor auto parking or various other car park infringements. Recycling and composting brows through to schools can include a workshop where the kids can make models from recyclable materials. If you're formula feeding, urge your companion to share the feeds.

Throughout March and October annually, if you're aged 55 or over you can get in touch with the lawyers participating and also demand a visit.

Free Wills Month is moneyed by charities that take part in the system.

If you decline your inheritance, known as disclaiming it, there are unique policies regarding who can acquire.

We can not respond, so if you need help with a problem learn just how you can get recommendations from us.

We want to assist even more individuals write their Will online so we've partnered with Bequeathed to offer you cost-free online Will writing.

With this in mind, a whole lot requires to be done to raise understanding about Will contacting stop the type of problems that can occur when someone doesn't have a Will in position.

The Crown can make gives from the estate but does not have to consent to them.

If there are no surviving family members that can acquire under the rules of intestacy, the estate passes to the Crown.

It's likewise a wonderful opportunity to have one-to-one time with your child. If you're not sleeping at the exact same time as your infant, don't bother with keeping your home quiet while they sleep. It's good to obtain your child used to resting with a specific quantity of noise. Some quickly rest with the evening, while some do not for a long time.

keep documents of the amount of hours you work as well as the number of hrs you are furloughed (i.e. not functioning). still have the ability to claim the furlough grant for the hrs their flexibly furloughed workers do not work, contrasted to normal hours they would have worked in that duration.

Whilst on furlough, you might still carry out union or non-union reps tasks and also tasks for the objective of an individual or cumulative representation of employees or other employees. Nonetheless in doing this, you need to not offer services to or produce earnings for, or on behalf of your organisation or a connected or linked organisation. Your civil liberties as a worker are not influenced by being on furlough, including redundancy rights. For the hours you are furloughed your company can not ask you to do help one more linked or connected firm.

The video footage is used to support your written witness statement. You should make up any type of inconsistencies in date/time within your witness proof offered to us.

Learn about wills Eton ">

Is libertarian free will?

Metaphysical libertarianism is one philosophical view point under that of incompatibilism. Libertarianism holds onto a concept of free will that requires the agent to be able to take more than one possible course of action under a given set of circumstances.

This consists of being alerted to HMRC on an RTI submission on or prior to 19 March 2020, which associates with a payment of profits in the tax year 2019 to 2020. The demand for there to be repayment of profits in the tax year 2019 to 2020 looks for any kind of staff member being asserted for under the system, irrespective of how frequently they are paid (e.g. weekly, fortnightly or monthly). This will be relevant for those on a yearly pay duration if the last settlement notified to RTI was before 5 April 2019 and also no more payments were notified till after 19 March 2020. As workplace holders, salaried firm directors are eligible to be furloughed and also get assistance via this plan. Company directors owe duties to their business which are set out in the Companies Act 2006.

We likewise have an obligation to notify the upseting driver of the claimed offence which they have actually committed normally within 14 days of the incident. Please make your entries as soon as possible and in any case within 7 days. This will enable us to adhere to the demands of the Roadway Website Traffic Act. We need your statement; we require to totally understand the circumstance and also individuals have a right to have actually matters heard in a court of law.

From 1 August 2020, your employer will be asked to contribute towards the price of your earnings to guarantee you remain to receive at least 80% of your incomes whilst on furlough. Figure out even more details on how the quantity of give readily available with Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme is altering.

Your company must discuss with you and also make any adjustments to the employment agreement by contract. When your employer is choosing in connection with the procedure, consisting of deciding who to supply furlough to, equal rights and discrimination regulations will apply in the common way. Your employer is accountable for asserting with the Job Retention Plan in your place and also for paying you what you're entitled to.

[financiallymint]

18 Easy Ways to Save Money in Uni

Yes, it is possible to save money even on a student budget.

In fact, it can even be fun too! I personally am going through these ‘easy ways to save money’ and still having a blast. Read on to find out what those are…

1. Attend university for free

Yes, it’s possible. In fact I wrote an entire post about it: Yes, you can go to university for free.

Your options include: grants, bursaries and scholarships, the NHS, Armed Forces, sponsorships, apprenticeships, crowdfunding and traveling abroad.

Not paying for university surprisingly does save a lot of money.

Check out the post fam.

2. House hack

Rent is takes a big chunk of your income every month. Many students just accept their fate and believe it’s part of the deal – gotta pay for rent. But what if you got to keep that £400 that disappears every month?

House hacking is possible: live with your parents, live with a roommate, get a flat and Airbnb the hell out of it, do some property investing or just go live in a tent like this guy.

It requires hustle and research, but it’s doable.

3. Become a minimalist

As the word itself says, learn to live with less. The less money you spend on stuff, the more money you get to save. It’s a simple idea really, and practicing it is strangely refreshing. To quote The Minimalists:Imagine living with less so you could have more time, more passion, more experiences, more growth.

Not only will you save a ton of money, but you won’t be falling trap of the consumer society; always buying and buying and consuming more to fill the empty void inside you. Ask yourself: does buying x really add value to my life? If it doesn’t, why are you buying it, really? And if that answer scares you, it’s time for a change.

4. Cook your own food

You would think this is obvious but many people including students simply don’t cook their own food! Eating out several times a week is EXPENSIVE. Takeaway is EXPENSIVE. There’s no point. Plus cooking your own food makes you better at cooking and even makes the food more delicious (yes hello this is my ratatouille and it is delicious).

Keep the restaurants and takeaways for special occasions. The more you eat out the less you appreciate it that event of having someone else prepare and lay it out in front of you. Going to a restaurant is a huge event for me nowadays – and now I enjoy it ten times more.

5. Do a ton of discounting

There are a lot of discounts out there for students. A LOT. You just gotta find them. Here is a list of cool stuff you can get student discount on. Get all the railcards and student cards, you never know when they can come in handy.

Look around when you’re on the streets or out shopping. There might be a student sale or some sweet discount out there. And don’t be ashamed to ask the barman whether they do student discounts – we’re all trying to survive here.

6. Hack your loan: start investing

Maybe a little more advanced but a great way to save and hack your money. Following the 15% rule, use the loan money to invest. The minute you receive your loan money, send off a percentage to get invested. Not only will you be saving money, but the interest means you’ll be earning more money on the side! I’m telling you – this is loan hacking. Here’s a guide to getting started with investing.

7. Set a budget every time you go out

Yes, your friends might make fun of you and call you a loser but no worries – you’ll be the one graduating with money in your pockets.

But seriously, set a budget. Take only cash, if that works for you. Use an app, do your thing. Learn to control yo’self. Here’s a snazzy guide to budgeting.

8. Compare all your bills: gym, phone, software etc

Take all your ‘mandatory expenses’ and try to decrease them. Your phone bill, the gym, that software, maybe even gas and electricity. Try and find someone else who does it for cheaper. Spend an afternoon on it and then forget about it – you could save hundreds in the long run.

9. Work towards achieving that 15% rule

The golden 15% rule: actively saving 15% of your income (from loan, parents, etc) every month. Here’s an entire article on how to get started.

This 15% rule is what will get you ‘out the rat race’ and will literally change your life.

Check out the post fam.

10. Do some savings challenges: no spend day, cash challenge, etc

There are tons of random savings challenges out there: no spend day, cash challenge, 33 items challenge. Try some and see how it goes. Here are 6 Different Money Saving Challenges you can try out.

Once you try a few of them, you can pick one and keep going. Make up your own challenge: how much money I can save doing saving challenges. Maybe a little nerdy, but useful in the long run.

challenge: how tall can the coin tower get?

11. Use savings apps

Just like the savings challenges, these apps will encourage you to save ‘by accident’. They use tactics such as rounding up a purchase: you spend £2.50 on a coffee and the app rounds it up to £3.00 and saves you £0.50. Or it just randomly takes out some money at odd times of the day/week.

The best savings apps are: Chip (read a review here), Monzo and Folio. You can also try out some investing with MoneyBox.

12. Do NOT buy the next cool gadget

Still not a minimalist? That’s fine, but there’s still no point in consuming for the sake of consuming. If your phone is working perfectly fine and the next version comes out – how about not buying it? Remember, will it really add value to your life? Probably not, and if you think about it will probably remove value since your pockets will be a little lighter.

13. Buy stuff second hand

The UK is one of the few places which is really good at this: second hand stuff. There are charities littered all over the streets and you can find a few gems here and there. You find stuff online too with our good friends Gumtree and Craigslist. Think about it, do I really need this thing to be brand new? If not, go do some second-hand shopping. You’d be surprised with what you can find…

14. Make sure your employer doesn’t make you pay tax

If you earn under £11,500 a year, you don’t need to pay tax. If you do, you pay 20%. When working at a part time job, it’s unlikely you’ll be earning more than your allowance, however your employer is still likely to put you under the PAYE scheme. Normally, the HMRC will send you a tax refund called P800. But if you want to claim it now, you can do so using a P50 form. Some nice quick and easy money.

15. Flat parties instead of going out

Going out in the UK is expensive, especially if you live in the area of London (I don’t know how you people survive). How about doing a flat party/drinks instead? With my group of friends we regularly do poker nights, board game drinking nights and even some home-cooking and chilling.

There are tons of ways to have fun without going out. Yes, I sound like a boring old trout, but it’s totally true. And if you’re friends are only interested in having fun when their ££ is flying away, look for some different friends who’ll chill at home with you. Trust me, they’re the cool ones.

16. No book buying

Google Scholar and Google Books can be your saviour for both research and text books. All the stuff the uni makes you pay for – how about getting it for free? And if Google Scholar and Books don’t have what you’re looking for, ask someone else at uni if you can buy their book second hand. Or… jump onto Gumtree or Craigslist. Doing a bit of hustling and finding cheaper textbooks can go a long way.

17. Find free stuff and use it

Students are known to be good at getting free stuff. Save the Student has an awesome list of free stuffyou can take advantage of as a student.

Other places to get free stuff are: Fresher’s and societies fairs, student gigs, only using free trial (Spotify here I come), using the Gumtree ‘for free’ section, attending launch days (a supermarket, cinema, shop opening up), and cashback apps.

18. Learn to travel hack

Travel hacking is the ultimate key to traveling for cheap and making it enjoyable at the same time. It doesn’t mean trying to cut every single penny and starving yourself all day, it’s simply being clever with your money: cooking at the hostel instead of eating out, not buying useless souvenirs, doing your research before taking public transport, etc.

After 2 years of traveling on a tight budget, I believe I mastered it using apps such as Couchsurfing, Ryanair and GoEuro. For more info on how to travel hack, I wrote a snazzy guide on mastering the art of budget travel.

So – 18 ways to save money as a college student. Some are easier than others, but they’re all doable. And the result could be hundreds or even thousands of pounds saved up! What could you do with an extra £1,000 a year? You could invest it, build an emergency fund, save up for a nice trip, or even get started on your path to Financial Independence. The possibilities are infinite, and you get to choose what happens with them.

Read more over at Financially Mint

[gaiatheorist]

Improvising, and unpaid labour.

Half past four in the morning, I’m working around how to make a pie and a curry at the same time, with my ‘limited capacity’. I’m also factoring in energy costs, the impact of processes on end-products, and how to maximise my use of the ‘dead’ time between stages. My disabilities have an impact on my available functional hours, the hyper-vigilance that comes with my PTSD perversely helps me to portion-out my productivity. (Thanks, Mother, you didn’t teach me how to cook, or clean, or budget, but some other things you didn’t do mean that I can.)

Oliver Burkeman in this morning’s Guardian, is using the term ‘shadow work’. Most of us have always acknowledged that we have to do our own cooking, household chores and such. The category on my PIP award that scored the highest number of ‘points’ was ‘preparing and cooking food’. In reality, I actually find some of the other descriptor-categories more difficult, dangerous, and draining, but I was able to list more adaptations to my food-processing practices. If you don’t eat, you die. (Yes, that’s dramatic, it would take weeks to starve to death. If I miss too many meals, the blood sugar dip impacts on my background fatigue. I forget to turn the heating on, or take painkillers on schedule, and there’s that foggy-fugue state, where I’ll just stare at the phone until it stops ringing. I also sleep too much, not to escape the hunger-pangs, I don’t feel those, but because my body realises I have no energy, and effectively CTRL/ALT/DEL shuts me down.) 

‘Shadow work’ takes on a different meaning when there’s a disability to factor in. It’s not just the “I’ve put it in the bag, you beepy bastard!” annoyance at the self-scan checkout, or remembering dozens of passwords for online utility billing and such, it’s varying degrees of everything. 

Necessity is the mother of invention. I had a short discussion with an acquaintance earlier this week, he’s damaged his ankle, and has a cast and crutches for a minimum of nine weeks. This is the first week, and he’s finding a huge number of basic tasks difficult. I’ve actually offered to go to his house and help out during this initial adjustment phase. By week four, he’ll be managing everything much more easily, and by week six, he’ll quite possibly be finding uses for the crutches that the NHS wouldn’t like endorsing. It’s what people do, we improvise and adapt. That particular chap ‘only’ has nine weeks of this, but it’s still a useful analogy. Cast-and-crutches, or one arm in a sling, or your car off the road, after the initial “Well, this is an absolute disaster.”, you start to work around things. 

I’m looking at the idea of ‘shadow work’ from multiple angles. Head-on, the increase in automation of some previously-human employment will flood the labour market with the people who used to do a job that a machine does now, that’s increased competition for jobs, which will be a concern for me when I’m fit-for-work. Historically, I objected to part of my previous job becoming automated, which was at odds with my principles, and odd in that I’d streamlined another part of my job, to need as little human-input as possible. The future is computers, though, and it’s none of my business how that all-singing-all-dancing software actually works in practice. 

Recently, I’ve been entangled in doing shadow work for DWP, ‘Sleeping with the enemy’ to provide information that they already have, for their fancy new system. (Pride goes before a fall, but I’m probably using it more effectively than the staff paid to use it, they could have cut a significant number of person-hours if they’d followed my initial straightforward suggestion, instead of their convoluted one. They’re making part of my payment manually while I chase the ex to change the tenancy agreement, instead of a 30-second check with HMRC. They’re also making me ill, boo-hoo, poor me.) I saw a quote, I can’t remember the source, someone within DWP stating that claimants weren’t allocated any payments during the first week of a claim, because “The claim process won’t give people time to write a CV.” Furious, me? (I’m always furious, frontal lobe brain injury.) 

Despite peripheral issues in an imminent brain-scan, and providing evidence to student finance, I managed to fill in the forms, and find the additional evidence that was behind the ‘beware of the tiger’ tab. (Wasted trip to the cash-point, thanks to Kenneth on the help-line, who’d told me to take an advice-slip issued on the day, when what the system actually asked for was two months of bank statements.) Luckily for all concerned, the new work coach barely glanced at the bank statements, I was fully expecting the Spanish Inquisition on the plethora of Amazon purchases after the PIP money went into my account. Mostly disability-aids for ‘normal’ household tasks, and repairing/replacing things I hadn’t been able to do while I was living on fresh air and food bank parcels as it goes, but I’d overheard enough “You don’t NEED Sky Sports, cancel it.” interviews to know there was the potential for them to pick through the statement. 

I’d filled in the forms, secured the requested evidence, and moved onto the next task on the ‘to-do’ menu, because it was there. “Oh, you already have a CV uploaded, that’s great!” and “Did you write these? They’re excellent.” I’d done my work coach’s job for her, and I’d done it very, very well. (Arya Stark “You want to watch that one.” and such. That’s not a threat, it’s a reference to the conversation my previous work coach probably thought I couldn’t hear, “She will already have done it.”) *Liam Neeson voice over* “I am a nightmare.” It’s the paranoia that keeps me three steps ahead, I know I’ll have days when I’m less functional, so I ‘bank’ tasks before they’re due, to avoid missing deadlines, I did that before the disability, to mitigate against working hours lost to migraines, and ensure I never left colleagues in the s*it if I was absent. Now, with ‘please log in today’ emails pinging to my phone all over the place, that anxiety is compounded, my work coach has confirmed that my claim won’t be ‘stopped’ if I don’t respond same-day, and noted a mitigation/reasonable adjustment that I’m less functional later in the day, but there’s still that anxiety about missing a computer-generated ‘task.’ and incurring a sanction. My phone battery is wearing down faster because I’m repeatedly logging into my email, in case one has come through while I’ve been in a signal dead-spot. Shadow-work, the coach probably ‘should’ have made me an appointment in a month to review my Claimant Commitment, and another a month after that to write a CV. It’s done, she doesn’t ‘need’ to see me again until January, except she will, because I’ll have to produce a copy of the tenancy agreement once the ex sorts it out. 

That’s not the only shadow-work I’ve done for DWP. There was the pointless ‘Work Capability Assessment’, and the horrendous PIP process as well. Almost half of women taken through the WCA process have attempted suicide. I know I contemplated it once or twice, and that’s a major admission coming from me. (I don’t know why that statistic only focused on women, unless it’s because men are more likely to complete suicide, due to choosing different methods, that’s a different scenario, ending-all as opposed to reaching that point, and still having to live through it.) 70% of PIP applications that are initially declined are accepted at Tribunal. It took me 17 months, from applying for PIP this time, to having my ‘award’ granted at Tribunal, and it wasn’t 17 months of sitting on my behind just waiting for it to happen. There are agencies and individuals who can assist with WCA and PIP processes, but they’re stretched too thin to cover everyone who needs help, and I’m a bugger for prioritising the needs of others over my own. (I’m also something of a control freak, I’m very difficult to work with when I perceive others working inefficiently, my “Oh, you’re making a right mess of that, give it here!” streak is strong.) During the UC/WCA/PIP process, I was over-stretching myself, and I became very frayed as a result. I was over-stretched in part because I should have asked for help sooner, and in part because when I did ask for help, it was too stretched and fragmented to be of any use. A social prescribing case-worker, a social worker, a welfare rights advocate, and two ladies from Citizens Advice. Little old brain damaged me, sitting in the middle of this fragile web of support, asking one party not to duplicate work being done by another, to save them work-load, and trying not to bang my head on the desk and say “It would be easier if you did it *this* way.”   

Shadow-work. Providing the same medical evidence to two different parts of DWP. “Rolling six benefits into one”, my arse, the ‘disability’ part is still separate from the ‘unemployment’ part, I have an award of PIP for three years, which is completely distinct from the one year notice of ‘limited capacity for work’. Both departments have exactly the same evidence on me, I know, because I photocopied the files myself. (At 10p a page, I’ll have you know.) 

The PIP process, and the WCA strand not only involved a hell of a load of shadow-work in terms of admin and coordination from me, they also cast light, and, paradoxically, shadow on my improvisations. Back to the crutches/cast analogy, you look at where you are, and where you need to be, and you figure out whether you can get there. You fall over a bit, and adjust your methods to avoid falling over again. Unless you can’t get up, and the police end up breaking in when the neighbours report the flies, and the smell. There are hundreds, or thousands of things I can’t do ‘normally’ any more, so I’ve had to make my own ‘reasonable adjustments’. (Some of them are bizarre, some are profoundly maladaptive, but they get me through most days without major incident.) Those improvisations, the additional shadow-load that’s on me every single day of my life, for functions that used to be so simple they required no conscious processing are a Very Bad Thing when it comes to PIP and WCA ‘assessors.’ “You said you had difficulties with x, I have decided that you can x.” over and over again. I didn’t say I “couldn’t”, I said I have difficulties, but some bloke in an office somewhere can ‘decide that I can.’, and that’s supposed to be case-closed. At that point, I was supposed to ‘just get on with it’, to limp around my various disabilities as best I could, because a decision had been made that I wasn’t disabled enough. Physically, I can’t do that, but, more importantly in my twisted little head, emotionally, intellectually, and socially I can’t do it, without my deficits placing myself or others at risk of significant harm. If I have a bad fall, or a cognitive lapse, not only is my life at risk, but I could place others at risk when they have to fish me out of whatever mess I’ve landed myself in. I won’t do that.   

Another layer of shadow-work for DWP, painfully describing my improvisations in more detail. That part alone is enough to deter some people, it’s demeaning to have to explain, yet again, how you get on and off the toilet without assistance from another person. (Also the PIP system keeps the descriptor activities the same, but alters the qualifying thresholds without telling anyone. “Can you walk 200m?” has somehow morphed into some ambivalence about being able to move that distance, regardless of how long it takes, how difficult or painful it is, or what aids or adaptations are needed. They haven’t so much ‘shifted the goalposts’ as changed the game altogether.) I knew from the outset that the ‘computer says no’ would be the outcome, that the ‘assessors’ wouldn’t see the additional adjustments I have to make every day, they’d just bounce back that I ‘can’ complete all of the descriptors. Not repeatedly, reliably, or within a reasonable time-frame, though, and only with a massive degree of improvisation, which is physically and mentally draining, compounding the fatigue-element of my condition. (Shuddering at the thought of ‘home help’ assisting me with washing, dressing, or toileting, but that’s the PTSD, and PIP claims only deal with your most-recent condition, not anything underlying that compounds it, bizarre system.) 

You’re damned if you do improvise, because DWP/PIP will tick the ‘can’ box, the ‘fit for work’ box. You’re damned if you don’t, because some faceless decision-maker will decide you’re just not trying hard enough. What about the people that can’t improvise? The ones who are already stretched to the limits of their functional capacity? Have they tried just not being disabled/depressed/dependent? 

“Making work pay.” is a cute tag-line, but underneath it is the reality that vulnerable and disabled people are being churned through a workhouse that doesn’t work. We’re inputting our own admin. I have some cognitive issues, but nowhere near as high a level as some people. I have some visual issues, and my left hand doesn’t work properly, reading and typing are time-intensive, and painful, but I ‘can’ do it for a narrow window, given plenty of screen-breaks, some people can’t. It’s not hyperbole at all to say that this government has blood on its hands, it does, and it will have more to come while these systems are in place. People will fall through the gaps in the system, which will suit statistics, because ‘unemployment figures are falling.’ People. People are falling, into a shadow-realm of not being counted as ‘anything’. Some people’s improvisations to deal with that will be brutal. Domestic violence will increase when the ‘dole money’ suddenly stops going into bank accounts. Street robberies and burglaries will increase when people run out of their own things to sell. Referrals to social care and food banks will continue to increase. Evictions will increase, placing additional strain on local authorities to provide emergency accommodation, and I seriously doubt that people in emergency accommodation will be able to satisfy the conditionality of checking their online account for ‘to-do’ actions. Two-for-one sanctions there, I wonder if there are bonuses for that? 

This isn’t working, I genuinely don’t believe it was ever meant to, I think that the intent all along was for it to be so complex and intensive that people would just opt-out. All well and good if that opt-out is into gainful employment, some of the opt-outs will be of a more permanent nature, and the government will still have to allocate resources to deal with the very long shadows this shadow-work will create.

[georgewagner]

Winter Economy Plan: The latest coronavirus government support for tradespeople

In the latest Winter Economy Plan, the government has included measures to support UK businesses that are facing decreased demand or are legally required to close their premises, due to the coronavirus (or COVID-19) pandemic. We’ve summarised the initiatives available for small and medium-sized (SME) trades businesses below.

Self-Employment Income Support Scheme (SEISS) extension

What is it?

The government has extended the SEISS, which was due to end in November 2020. The SEISS now includes two more direct cash grants.

The first grant will cover 40% of your average monthly trading profits, capped at £3,750 in total. It’ll be paid as a single instalment, covering the three-month period from November 2020 to the end of January 2021. The second grant will also cover a three-month period, from the start of February to the end of April 2021. The government is set to release more information soon about how much the second grant will be.

Both grants are taxable income and are subject to National Insurance contributions.

Who’s eligible?

Anyone who’s self-employed, or a member of a partnership, that:

Was previously eligible for the SEISS. However, you don’t need to have actually claimed it. The SEISS eligibility criteria is:

A trading profit of less than £50,000 in 2018-19 or an average trading profit of less than £50,000 from 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19.

You must have traded in the 2018-19 tax year and submitted your Self-Assessment tax return for that year, on or before 23rd April 2020.

You must have traded in the 2019-20 tax year.

You must intend to continue trading in the 2020-12 tax year.

More than half of your income during 2018-19, 2019-20 and 2020-21 tax years must have come from self-employment.

Declares that they intend to continue to trade moving forward, and:

Is actively trading but is impacted by reduced demand due to coronavirus, or

Was previously trading but is temporarily unable to do so due to coronavirus.

If you trade through a limited company or trust, then you won’t be eligible for the SEISS extension.

How can I access it?

Applications aren’t open yet. HMRC will provide more guidance soon – we’ll keep this article up to date.

Bounce Back Loan Scheme extension

What is it?

The government has introduced a new Pay As You Grow option, to allow all businesses that used the scheme to repay their loan over a period of up to 10 years, instead of the 6 years initially offered. This will cut average monthly repayments by almost half.

The extension also allows businesses to temporarily move to interest-only payments for periods of up to six months, up to three times. Repayments can also be paused entirely for up to six months, but only once and only after you’ve made six payments. 

If you haven’t applied for a Bounce Back Loan yet, then the application deadline has been extended until Monday 30th November 2020. The Bounce Back Loan offers SMEs that are negatively affected by coronavirus a loan of £2,000 to £50,000, capped at 25% of their total turnover. This will be based on the calendar year 2019, or new businesses can estimate.

No repayments need to be made for the first 12 months of the loan, and the government will cover the first 12 months’ interest payments. After 12 months, you’ll be charged a fixed 2.5% annual interest. You can read more details about the scheme on our Trade Advice Centre.

Who’s eligible?

UK businesses established before 1st March 2020, that are currently trading and have been negatively affected by coronavirus. Banks, insurers, reinsurers, public-sector bodies, further education establishments that are grant-funded and state-funded primary and secondary schools are excluded.

Your business must not have been ‘undertaking in difficulty’ on 31st December 2019. Also, if you’ve already secured a loan under the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme, then you won’t be eligible. However, you can speak to your lender if you’d like to transfer a Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan of up to £50,000 into the Bounce Back Loan Scheme. This option is available until the end of November 2020.

How can I access it?

Applications are currently open until 30th November 2020. Fill in the online form on the British Business Bank website to apply.

Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme deadline extension

What is it?

A loan of up to £5 million. The government has extended the repayment term to 10 years as part of the Winter Economy Plan, to help businesses that may be otherwise unable to repay their loan. The first 12 months of interest payments and fees are also covered by the government.

A successor loan guarantees programme is also being set up to start in January 2021.

Who’s eligible?

UK-based businesses with an annual turnover of less than £45 million. You must also:

Have a borrowing proposal that the lender would consider practical, if not for the coronavirus pandemic.

Self-certify that you’ve been adversely affected by COVID-19.

Not be classed as a ‘business in difficulty’, if you’re applying to borrow £30,000 or more.

How can I access it?

Applications have been extended to 30th November 2020. To apply, visit the British Business Bank website.

New Payment Scheme for VAT deferrals

What is it?

Businesses which deferred their VAT due between March and June 2020 now have the option to spread their payments into 11 equal instalments over the 2021-22 financial year. This replaces the original deadline of the end of March 2021.

Who’s eligible?

All businesses that used the VAT deferral option.

How can I access it?

You’ll need to opt-in to the New Payment Scheme once it’s put in place in early 2021. We’ll share more information on how to do this once HMRC releases more details.

Enhanced Time to Pay service for Self-Assessment taxpayers

What is it?

A further deferral for Self-Assessment tax bills that were due on 31st July 2020, and those due in January 2021. This means that these Self-Assessment tax bills won’t need to be paid until 31st January 2022. There’s no penalty for using this service.

Who’s eligible?

Anyone that’s self-employed.

How can I access it?

Use HMRC’s Time to Pay service to secure a payment plan.

Job Support Scheme

What is it?

Replacing the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (also known as furlough) which is running from June to December 2020, the Job Support Scheme will be a government grant to help employers pay the full wages of employees that are working shorter hours. The scheme will begin in December 2020.

For each hour that an employee isn’t able to work, the employer and the government will each pay one third of the employee’s usual pay. The government contribution is capped at £697.92. So, the employee will get at least 77% of their pay, if the government cap isn’t reached.

You can claim both the Job Support Scheme and the Jobs Retention Bonus, which you can read more about in our Coronavirus: government support for construction businesses blog post.

Who’s eligible?

All SMEs are eligible for the Job Support Scheme.

To be eligible, employees must:

Be working at least 33% of their usual hours.

Not be on a redundancy notice.

As an employer, you must:

Have a UK bank account.

Have a UK PAYE scheme.

How can I access it?

The employer will be reimbursed in arrears for the government’s contribution. Further information on how to claim hasn’t been released yet. Keep an eye on this article for updates.

The team at Rated People are working hard to keep new job leads coming in. We’ve even seen a rise in demand for gardeners, painters, carpenters and more! Check out the latest job leads. 

For more information on the government support available for construction businesses during the coronavirus pandemic, head to our Trade Advice Centre.

Note: If there’s a lockdown announced in the regional area(s) that you work or live in, in addition to the national lockdown, the government says that you must follow all instructions from the relevant local authority.

Note: The government has confirmed that there is no limit to the group size when you are meeting or gathering for work. But, workplaces should be set up to meet the COVID-secure guidelines – follow the government’s guidance on how to return to work safely.

Further coronavirus support from Rated People:

For more information on staying safe whilst working, check out our Coronavirus: How to keep safe whilst working article. 

For FAQs about using our service, head to our Coronavirus: FAQs for tradespeople.

The pros and cons of walk-in showers

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    Coronavirus: FAQs for homeowners

    The best times of the year to post your home maintenance job

The post Winter Economy Plan: The latest coronavirus government support for tradespeople appeared first on Rated People Blog.

Winter Economy Plan: The latest coronavirus government support for tradespeople published first on https://fanseeaus.tumblr.com/

[t-baba]

Node 15, React 17, and a cool JavaScript demo

#511 — October 23, 2020

Unsubscribe  |  Read on the Web

JavaScript Weekly

React 17.0 Released — The focus in React 17 is peace, harmony, and gentle progression, with subtle changes, making apps easier to upgrade gradually in future, and also to make it easier to embed React apps into apps built with other technologies.

Dan Abramov and Rachel Nabors

Node 15 Released — The new ‘release’ line (the one that gets all the new features first) of Node is here. Two key features:

An upgrade to the V8 8.6 engine (from 8.4) adding various JS features like Promise.any(), logical assignment operators, and String.prototype.replaceAll()

Unhandled rejections are now raised as exceptions by default. If there's any one change that'll cause you some head scratching, it's this.

For more, check this week's Node Weekly ;-)

New Course: Introduction to Next.js, The Full-Stack React Framework — Next.js is a complete framework built on top of React.js. You'll learn server-side rendering, static site generation, data fetching, code API endpoints, creating pages with the file system, add CSS modules, and more.

Frontend Masters sponsor

What Vue.js Does Better Than React — “I love and use React daily but was curious if there’s anything from Vue that React could learn from. Turns out there is! This post collects my findings.”

Harry Wolff

Skypack Discover: A Way to Discover and Test Recommended JS Packages — From the same folks as the Snowpack build tool, Skypack is basically a search engine for npm packages, but it’s added a ‘Discover’ feature which helps you pick the best options for you. You can then import them ES module style.

Fred K. Schott

⚡️ Quick bytes:

Want to see something cool? MONOSPACE is a demo (in the 'demoscene' sense) written in 1021 bytes of JavaScript and it won the 1024 byte demo competition at Assembly 2020.

Rich Harris (of Svelte fame) has shared a video exploring his thoughts on the future of Web development and where the Sapper Svelte-based framework slots in (or doesn't!) — Cool ideas here.

Vue 3.0.2 is out – almost entirely bug fixes. Or how about Ember 3.22 or the first RC of Angular 11?

Someone has noted that using const instead of var or let can cause big slowdowns in the JavaScriptCore engine Webkit (and Safari) uses. They're now on the case to resolve it.

We announced webpack 5 last week, but we're already getting webpack 5.2.0 this week.

💻 Jobs

React JS Developer (Remote) — Millions get inspired and plan adventures with our apps. To help us make komoot.com the place to go to plan outdoor adventures, we’re looking for an ambitious ReactJS developer to join our team.

Komoot

JavaScript/TypeScript Architect + Developer Advocate, London UK — It’s time to build your masterpiece – can you design a platform and a framework used by the NHS, HMRC, Valve, and Microsoft?

CareersJS

Find a Job Through Vettery — Create a profile on Vettery to connect with hiring managers at startups and Fortune 500 companies. It's free for job-seekers.

Vettery

📚 Tutorials, Opinions and Stories

Dissecting A Dweet: City Sunset — A fascinating exploration of how a mere 140 characters of JavaScript can produce beautiful procedurally generated cityscapes. You can play with/tweak the code here. Fun!

Killed By A Pixel

'Basic Authentication' with Lambda@Edge — An interesting way to use Lambda@Edge (lets you run code in front of a Cloudfront distribution) to add a rather old-school way of securing access to a static site. But does it work? Yes.

Sebastian Petterson

All the Canaries Lived: It’s Time to Adopt Progressive Delivery

LaunchDarkly sponsor

Getting Started with Next.js — Next.js is a React-based framework focused on providing a good developer experience for building complete, production-bound apps covering both backend and frontend.

Adebiyi Adedotun

Introducing the Async Cookie Store API (in Chrome 87) — A look at a new API that exposes cookies to service workers and provides an async alternative to document.cookie that also lets you react to cookie changes in real time.

Matan Borenkraout

Getting Started with OpenTelemetry in JavaScript and Node.js

OpenTelemetry sponsor

Managing Side Effects with Monads

Why `flatMap` Is So Great

🛠 Code & Tools

supported by

JSDB 1.0: An In-Memory, Streaming Write-on-Update Node.js Database — An easy-to-use, in-memory database that persists to a JavaScript transaction log and aimed at small scale (though Small Web is more nuanced than that as a concept) cases.

Aral Balkan

Pikaday: A Mature Date Picker with No Dependencies — This is an old project that has recently sprung back into life and gotten a release. I just love the name of it and its simple old-school nature. Demo here.

Bushell, Rikkert et al.

NSFW JS: TensorFlow-Powered Client Side Indecent Content Checking — Would it be helpful for you to detect.. ‘unseemly’ images on the client side? Enter NSFW JS. We first featured this over a year ago but it’s just had a significant performance-oriented update.

Infinite Red, Inc.

Stream Chat API & JavaScript SDK for Custom Chat Apps — Build real-time chat in less time. Rapidly ship in-app messaging with our highly reliable chat infrastructure.

Stream sponsor

JZZ: A MIDI Library for Node and the Browser — Brings the Web MIDI API to Node so you can send, receive and play MIDI messages from both Node and the browser on Linux, macOS and Windows. (Click on the logo on the official home page for a bit of fun.)

Jazz Soft

Fingerprint JS 3.0: Modern and Flexible Browser Fingerprinting Library — With v3 it’s become completely modular and has been rewritten in TypeScript. Definitely one of those ‘please use this for good, not evil’ type projects though.

FingerprintJS

73 Awesome NPM Packages for Productivity — This is one of those ‘grab bag’ list style posts we used to include a lot more several years ago, but it’s a reasonably good one if you fancy a quick browse.

Madza

🔗 From the queue..

We don't ever get to use all of the great links we have because we don't want to overwhelm you each week, but we thought it'd be neat to quickly feature some of them in case the titles jump out at you – so we'll be including this special section from time to time for you to skim through:

Enjoy!

The Flavors of Object-Oriented Programming (in JavaScript) Zell Liew

An Introduction To Running Lighthouse Programmatically Katy Bowman

Understanding Reduce in JavaScript Monica Powell

Working with JavaScript Media Queries Marko Ilic

Supercharge Testing React Applications With Wallaby.js Kelvin Omereshone

Three Approaches for Implementing Nested Forms in Angular Latish Sehgal

by via JavaScript Weekly https://ift.tt/37xfPc1

[opticien2-0]

Coronavirus round-up: latest from DFS and AO, plus how shoppers are buying, footfall figures, job retention scheme and more

We’re reporting on the effect of the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic on the way UK shoppers buy – and on how retailers are responding to that changing behaviour. As of April 19 at 3.13pm, the UK had 120,067 confirmed cases of Covid-19, and 16,060 deaths in hospital. That includes 5,850 new cases and 596 deaths over the previous 24 hours.

    DFS sees online sales rise

  DFS says its online sales have grown by a fifth as its shops have closed during the coronavirus lockdown – and that it is planning to restart sofa deliveries once it has a “safe and workable approach” for two-person installation into customers’ homes.

  Shoppers have not been able to buy in store from DFS group since March 25. Between March 25 and April 17, gross online sales at dfs.co.uk grew by 20.2%, with ongoing orders now worth £192m from £185m previously. The retailer says its DFS and Sofology brands are receiving inbound deliveries of customer orders from manufacturers in the Far East while Dwell is sending parcels from its accessories warehouse. Those sofas will be delivered to customers once that’s possible.

  The retailer says it is in the ‘advanced stages’ of securing extra debt of between £60m and £70m with its existing lenders, adding to its existing £250m facility. The cash will enable it to keep working until sofa deliveries can resume. It is also preparing to raise further equity by issuing shares equivalent to up to 19.9% of its existing share capital.

  DFS says it has worked with landlords and suppliers to reduce its costs to less than £14m a month until its showrooms, manufacturing and distribution operations can reopen.

    Store visits plummet as lockdown bites

  Store closures as a result of the Covid-19 coronavirus lockdown have seen the number of visits to UK stores fall by a record 44.7% in March, new figures suggest.

  Non-essential retail shops were ordered to close in the week of March 23. In the preceding three weeks UK footfall was down by an average of 17.7%, according to the latest BRC/Shoppertrak figures, which cover the five weeks to April 4. But in the final two weeks of the month, store visits were down by an average of 83.2%. Read the full story here.

    Government job retention scheme goes live

  The government’s Job Retention Scheme went live online today. The JRS enables employees to stay on the payroll while being ‘furloughed’ and the government will pay 80% of their salaries while on furlough. The online application service is said to be able to support up to 450,000 applications an hour from employers – who should then receive the cash within six days to pay their April payroll.

  Two million employers have already been emailed a five-step guide to claiming the allowance – along with warnings that scams are circulating. HMRC says there is no need to call unless there is a problem in order to keep lines free for those who most need help.

    AO launches free timed deliveries for NHS workers

  Electricals retailers AO.com is giving NHS workers both free delivery and the choice of what time their delivery will arrive as it looks to make it as easy as possible for frontline staff to get their appliances delivered at a time that suits them. NHS staff can also get a 10% discount

  Those ordering from an NHS.uk or NHS.net email address, from doctors and nurses through to porters and care home workers, will be able to take up the offers.

  David Lawson, managing director of AO.com, said: “We’re all hugely grateful to the NHS front line workers and this new service is just one of the ways that everyone in AO.com can show their appreciation. We know that shifts mean timing is everything with a delivery so this is designed to make it safe, hassle-free and easier for these frontline NHS workers to get their electricals at home at a time to suit their working pattern, and ultimately help them do what they do best.

  “Now more than ever, AO’s products such as fridges, freezers, washing machines, cookers and TVs are essential for those who need to store food safely, provide clean clothes, hot nutritious meals and family entertainment.”

  The Central England Co-op rewards staff with an extra week’s pay

  The Central England Co-op has rewarded staff with an extra week of pay for going above and beyond during the coronavirus outbreak.

  The retailer, which covers the West and East Midlands as well as Yorkshire and the East of England, is to pay the extra cash to its frontline staff in stores, funeral homes and distribution hubs via their June pay packet.

  Shoppers prepared to pay more during pandemic: study

  Most (69%) shoppers are still buying their groceries in-store, despite the Covid-19 health crisis. And most (95%) put shortages down to other shoppers’ behaviour, with only 5% putting the blame on grocery stores, according to the Toluna Covid-19 Barometer.

  The barometer, which questioned 1,068 people between April 9 and April 14, found that 41% thought retailers were helpful. Asked how they had changed their behaviour in the light of the coronavirus lockdown, 65% had gone without something they would usually buy. Others said they had tried a new product (26%) or a new brand (28%) when they could not buy their usual item, while 47% had paid more than usual for something they would have bought before the pandemic. Some 54% said a specific brand was important to them, and 46% said it was not. When forced to choose between brand and product, 47% said they would try a different brand of deodorant, toothpaste or shampoo but not a different product, while 39% would buy a different brand of alcohol but not a different type.

  Lucia Juliano, head of CPG and retail research at Harris Interactive and Toluna, said: “The COVID-19 pandemic is revealing interesting sentiments among consumers about retailers and brand loyalty too."

  She added: "Brand loyalty is still important for people but when forced to choose between brand and product when their preferred brand isn’t available, they will turn to an alternative product.”

  Call to free up global trade after coronavirus

EuroCommerce director-general Christian Verschueren has called on political leaders to free up global trade after the Covid-19 pandemic.

  He said: “Before the virus became a global crisis, we saw a worrying spread of an equally pernicious development – the mistaken belief that economic growth can come from imposing tariffs and blocking imports. If we are to see the world economy start growing again after a downturn maybe as bad as in the 1930s, world leaders should get together now to agree on how to do so. Above all, they need to avoid the same mistakes made then of closing down international trade. Supply chains are complex and global, and these need to stay open if all of our economies are to recover quickly.”

  Verschueren says that retailers and wholesalers depend on cross-border and global trade to get consumers the products they expect to see in the shops, or the components manufacturers need to stay in business. He says that all economists are predicting the impact of the virus will depress all countries’ GDP significantly and, with uncertainty about the future of people’s jobs, consumer confidence is as low as it was after the financial crisis of 2009.

  He points to WTO warnings that world trade may drop by 30% by the end of the year unless governments act to avoid this happening. While there may be sound reasons to look to onshore some activities to create additional resilience and achieve certain sustainability goals, the worst thing governments can do to their own and the world’s economy is to depress it further with protectionist policies, whether by imposing tariffs or by protecting uneconomic state-owned enterprises.

  He added: “Global trade has been the reason for the unprecedented rise in prosperity, lifting millions out of poverty since 1948 when the GATT was formed. The EU has led the world in resisting the mistaken policies of some major trading partners who believe that trade is a zero-sum game. It should continue to do so, and other trading partners should do the same.”

    Image courtesy of DFS

from InternetRetailing https://ift.tt/2RSaZ0e via IFTTT

[oneminutemoneymagazine]

HMRC’s PAYE Coding Notices (Form P2)

These are appearing on our doormats around now telling us what our tax code(s) will be for the year beginning 6th April 2017.  Eagle eyed readers will already have spotted that “PAYE Coding Notice” is the old heading, which has been replaced by “This is to tell you your tax code(s) for the year 6 April 2017 to 5 April 2018″.

Whether we like it or not, it is a legal responsibility to check these coding notices for mistakes and omissions and to advise HMRC if we find any.  If in any doubt, tell them anyway.  They do appear to be including more information now and, whereas most of it will be right, my family’s experience is that there are mistakes and some of the figures bear no resemblence to reality.  HMRC are not malevolent and they will get our tax right only if we help them.  The same is true for the Annual Tax Summaries for 2016/17, which will arrive later this calendar year.

My preferred way to notify HMRC of mistakes and omissions is to write a letter, even though they are trying to persuade us to move online.  Letters to them nearly always produce good results in reasonable time and automatically document what has been said (which is not true of telephone conversations).  Today’s coding notices omit HMRC’s postal address, which may be by accident or design, but just look back a couple of years in your tax file and you’ll find it.

All of this seems to be part of a transition towards a system known as “pre population”.  The idea is that, instead of us filling in an annual tax return, HMRC will advise us online what they think our figures are we have to check it.  “Pre population” means that the data boxes will already be filled in.  HMRC hope to start to roll out this system from 2018 or 2019, but time will tell.

(26/02/2017)

[nathanielburgos]

Employing an Apprentice (How-to Guide)

If your organisation is looking to employ an apprentice, there will be a lot to consider in relation to the type of individual you can recruit, the role they can take on, the rules on pay and other benefits, as well as making the most of the financial incentives available to employers.

The Government most recently introduced an incentive payment to employers for apprentices hired between 1 August 2020 and 31 January 2021.

However, employers have to remember that apprentices are employees. Therefore, they have the same rights as other employees and you have the same obligations towards them. They are entitled to the apprentice’s hourly rate or the National Minimum Wage, depending on their age, along with paid holiday, rest breaks and in some cases, pension contributions. You have to reconcile this with the fact that all apprentices will spend part of the working week attending college or an external training provider.

In order to hire an apprentice and access government funding, you will need to identify the framework or standard to which your apprentice will work and the training provider with whom you will partner.

  Who qualifies as an apprentice?

An apprentice is someone who learns the necessary skills for a job through carrying out a genuine role in the workplace, guided by experienced staff. The apprentice combines their work with some study time.

At the end of the apprenticeship, they will have achieved a framework or standard that equates to recognised levels of educational achievement (GCSEs, A-levels, undergraduate degree etc.) as well as the ability to carry out that particular role in their business sector. Anyone of any age can start an apprenticeship, the only age requirement is that they must be 16 or over.

  Who can hire an apprentice?

Employers choose to hire apprentices because they can train these individuals in the specific skills needed by their organisation, resulting in a better qualified and motivated workforce.

A limited company or a sole trader can hire an apprentice. However, if the employer (sole trader or limited company) has not employed anyone before then they will need to register with HMRC. They will have to pay income tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) for the apprentice through the PAYE system to HMRC (although see below for exemptions from paying NICs in certain circumstances).

If the prospect of taking on the administrative burden of employing an apprentice is too daunting, it is also possible to enter into a partnership with an Apprenticeship Training Agency (ATA). The ATA employs the apprentice for ‘the employer’ and is paid a fee by the employer’ for doing so. There is a list of authorised ATAs on the gov.uk website.

You can choose to advertise for an apprentice externally, or approach a training provider for a suitable candidate, or hire the apprentice from within your existing workforce.

  How much does it cost to employ an apprentice?

You agree the total cost of training and assessment with the training provider. This can be around £9000-£13,000, depending on the type of job for which you will train your apprentice. Because of the considerable government funding available, you could potentially only have to pay 5% of that (see below).

In addition, the support and expertise offered by the training provider can mean that the cost of hiring the apprentice would be lower than normal. Finally, depending on the age of the apprentice, you are only obliged to pay them the minimum wage for apprentices.

However, there are other costs to weigh up. There is a cost to you of allowing your apprentice off the job training time, as during this time they will not be gainfully employed for you. Depending on the role, another drawback of taking on a novice apprentice is that they could take more time to become as useful to your organisation as an employee with more experience hired in the normal way.

  What are apprentices’ pay & entitlements?

Pay

Apprentices are entitled to be paid the National Minimum Wage.

If the apprentice is under 19 then they are entitled to the national minimum wage for apprentices which is currently £4.15 per hour, although many employers pay more than that.

If the apprentice is aged 19 or over, but in the first year of their apprenticeship, then they are also entitled to the national minimum wage for apprentices of £4.15. However, in the second and successive years of their apprenticeship, they must be paid the National Minimum Wage.

The National Minimum Wage is set by age:

Ÿfor apprentices aged 19 or 20 and in their second or subsequent years of their apprenticeship, the hourly rate is £6.45:

Ÿfor apprentices aged 21 to 24 and in their second or subsequent years of their apprenticeship, the hourly rate is £8.20; and

Ÿfor apprentices aged 25 and over and in their second or subsequent years of their apprenticeship, the hourly rate is £8.72 (which is the National Living Wage).

Entitlements

As apprentices are employees, they are entitled to paid holiday and rest breaks, sick pay and any other benefits you offer to your employees, for example, gym membership.

The standard entitlement to rest breaks is twenty minutes break for every six hours worked, a break of 11 hours in every 24 and one day off a week or two days off a fortnight. However, if you take on an apprentice who is 16 or 17 years’ old, you must allow them to take a break of 30 minutes if they work for 4 hours and thirty minutes or more, and they must have twelve hours rest per day and two days of rest per week.

Apprentices are also eligible for auto-enrolment into a pension scheme if they meet the qualifying conditions and are aged 22 or over. However, it is possible for an apprentice as young as 16 to request to join the pension scheme, and, again depending on their earnings, you will have to allow this and pay the employer contributions as normal.

Apprentices are subject to the same employment legislation on dismissal as regular employees. Most apprentices are employed on a fixed-term basis, and, in law,the non-renewal of a fixed-term contract does count as a dismissal. Therefore, if you wish to dismiss an apprentice who was employed by you for more than two years, you will have to provide them with a legally fair reason for their dismissal. There is no extra legal duty for an employer to find work for an apprentice at the end of their apprenticeship.

Although there has historically been doubt on this, the gov.uk website makes clear that you can make an apprentice redundant. You do, of course, have to follow the normal legal procedures for making staff redundant, and pay them a redundancy payment.

  Apprenticeship agreement

The apprenticeship agreement is a document that by law you must enter into with your apprentice. It is in addition to, but will form part of, the employment contract. It must include:

Ÿthe skill, trade, or occupation for which the apprentice is being trained;

the apprenticeship standard / level;

the place of work;

the start and end date of the apprenticeship (a minimum of twelve months up to a maximum of five years);

the start and end date of the practical period. This is the period during which the apprentice is expected to work and receive training;

the amount of off-the job training. This must be a minimum of 20% of the apprentice’s paid hours and take place within the apprentice’s normal working hours. Maths and

English learning up to Level 2 (approximately GCSE grade C and above) are not included in this.

  Apprentices must be employed for a minimum of 30 hours per week.

It is for the employer and the training provider to decide how to deliver off-the-job training. For example, the apprentice might attend college one day a week, or do more intensive blocks of training and be away from the workplace for a longer period of time.

It is also possible for the off the job training to be delivered at the workplace as long as it is not part of the apprentice’s normal working duties.

As far as on-the-job training is concerned, this will depend on the nature of the role, but it is expected that an apprentice be assigned a mentor and work with experienced staff.

Once they have completed their apprenticeship, the apprentice should be able to perform at an industry-recognised level.

  Is funding available if I hire an apprentice?

There is funding for employers available, particularly if you are willing to take on younger apprentices or those who have been in care.

How much support you receive from the government depends on whether your business pays the apprenticeship levy.

The apprenticeship levy is paid by businesses with an annual wage bill of over £3 million each year. It is charged at 0.5% of your total pay bill for the year to date. There are detailed rules on how to calculate the levy depending on which sector you operate in and on your corporate structure, so it is worth checking this carefully. If your organisation does pay this levy, then the funding arrangement depends on whether your business is based in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, as this is a devolved matter. In England, you pay the apprenticeship levy on a monthly basis to HMRC via the PAYE process.

You will then receive a 10% government top-up on this amount and can use this fund (the levy plus 10%) to spend on apprenticeship training using approved providers. If you do not spend the money within 24 months then those funds will expire. However, it is possible to transfer up to 25% of your existing funds to another employer. That employer might be geographically close to you, or within your industry sector.

If your business does not pay the apprenticeship levy, then it will pay 5% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice. This will be paid in agreed instalments directly by you to the training provider.

In addition, if you employ an apprentice under the age of 25 you do not need to pay secondary Class 1 employer National Insurance Contributions on earnings up to the Upper Earnings Limit for those employees. That means that you do not have to pay NICs for apprentices under the age of 25 on earnings below the higher tax rate (£827 per week).

  If you are a small employer

A small employer is classed as one with fewer than 50 people working for them. In that case, you will not have to pay the 5% contribution at all where the apprentice is aged between 16 and 18, or is aged between 19 and 24 years, but has previously been in care or under a local authority EHCP (Education, Health and Care Plan).

  Additional funding

If you train younger apprentices

All employers are entitled to receive £1000 per apprentice, if, at the start of the apprenticeship, the apprentice is aged between 16 and 18 years, or is aged between 19 and 24 years, but has previously been in care or under a local authority EHCP (Education, Health and Care Plan).

The £1000 is paid in two equal instalments through the training provider.

  Incentive payment for hiring new apprentices in 2020

The Education and Skills Funding Agency has published new guidance about incentive payments employers can apply for if they take on a new apprentice between 1 August 2020 and 31 January 2021.

Employers who employ an apprentice aged between 16 and 24 will receive £2,000, while those that employ apprentices aged over 25 will receive £1,500.

This is in addition to the existing £1,000 payment for taking on an apprentice aged between 16 and 18, or one aged over 25 who has an education, health and care plan, or has been in care.

The payment can also be made if recruiting apprentices who had been made redundant, provided they are new to the organisation.

Payments will be made in two instalments, the first half upon the apprentice’s completion of 90 days of work, and the second half after 365 days of work.

  Last updated: 24 August 2020

Employing an Apprentice (How-to Guide) published first on https://ordergcmsnotescanada.tumblr.com/

[asocio-blog2]

How to transfer your tax residence and legally avoid taxes with 183 days?

What if you will not have to pay tax? It will not only allow you to spend some time and money on you, but you can also save your money in your account with less bureaucracy.

Your earned money will not disappear within just a few minutes from your account on the name of income tax.

In this article, we will discuss how to save and transfer your money by choosing the right country to live in as a permanent residence and how to set up your company anywhere in the world.

It is not so easy to escape your taxes directly in a country where you have a burden of the high tax. It might be possible if you know the 183-day rule and by transferring your tax residence abroad. By this way, you can easily able to avoid taxes totally legally and you can also escape the obligations imposed by your State.

By applying the 183-day rule you ca free up yourself from income tax which will give you these benefits:

Money for enjoyment: By saving your money from the tax you can enjoy your life spending money according to the needs.

Invest your money: you have the option of investing your money in a profitable business or company.

Free from the legal responsibilities: you will feel free with all the issues of filling the tax form and wasting your time in the government offices.

What is the 183-day rule?

According to the 183-day rule, If you live in a country for more than a half year than you are liable to pay the taxes of that country. It is a condition you have must have to comply with at the time of paying the taxes and for neglecting your tax you have to follow some more general points.

What is the difference between domicile and residence?

There is a vital connection of taxation with these two terms, it is important to understand that either you are a domicile or resident of a country. Let’s get deeper in these terms understanding more about them.

What is the term domicile?

Domicile is the country in which the person is living permanently and has a deeper contact with it. At the time of your birth, the country in which your parents are living is recognised as your domicile of origin. In case if your parents are not married then your mother’s domicile is considered as your domicile.

Your origin domicile will continue until you will not obtain a new domicile.

Importance of Domicile

Domicile is very important at the time of regulating your tax liabilities, its importance is determined in three main areas: your income tax, capital gains tax and inheritance tax. If you want to be an owner of the property or financial assets in any foreign countries than your domicile is important for proving your assets in another country. The real estate of domicile will declare the value of assets you hold in the foreign country as well in your home country.

Deemed Domicile

The concept of deemed domicile is applicable to the British Expats who live abroad, deemed domicile is important at the time of calculating your inheritance tax on your estate when you die. It generally means that if you are a non-dom of the UK under the law of HMRC than you will be treated as domiciled of UK at the time of transferring your residency in the following conditions:

You are domiciled in the UK within the time period of three years before the transfer.

You are living in the UK from past 17 taxable years ending with the year in which you make a transfer.

Domicile of choice-changing your Domicile

If you had exceeded 16 years of your life span than you are eligible to change your domicile. In order to do this, you have to follow many criteria and prove each of them with evidence.  The criteria for changing your domicile are different and will be monitored on its merit and the evidence with it. The basic criteria for changing your domicile includes the following:

You have to be settled in another country leaving the domiciled country.

Put forward the strong evidence that you intend to live in your new location permanently.

non-UK domiciles (non-doms) living in the UK

According to an estimation around five-million non-doms living in the UK, which gives many tax advantages even if you are a tax- resident there. There are a large group of people who claim themselves non-dom just to take advantage of tax benefits.

Residency

If you are living in a country for more than 183 days than you will be considered as a resident of that country. This rule is applicable to individuals living in the UK or living anywhere in the world. Along with this if you working in abroad for than a year, you will not have to come back in the UK for more than 91 days, on average, in any 365 day period for the duration of your time abroad.

If you come back in the country because of some unwanted reasons than the HMRC will take it as an exception, you just have to prove that you exceeded the limit through no fault of your own.

To determine your tax residence status in a country there is a serious test named as the Statutory Residence Test.

Ordinarily Resident

To become an ordinary resident of a country you have to spend your major time in the same country every year avoiding the abroad trips.

The ordinary resident is those who are travels overseas for a period of time including a full taxation year.

Exit Tax

There is a rule of exit tax in some of the countries at the time of transferring your tax residence and cease to be domiciled.

This tax is levied on the big fortunes who should have to pay tax on their capital gains that would rose at the time living the country after selling all your assets.

The life of an eternal tourist: never pay taxes again

If you want to live a tax-free life then deregister yourself from the country and cut all of your knots in the country.by doing this you will have to make sure that you will breach the 183-day rule and making your past living country the centre of your interests.

To enjoy this eternal or perpetual tourist status you have to comply with a tourist visa in other countries, and by not living more than 6 months in the country.

This perpetual tourist status has some disadvantages which are:

Tourist visa: you have to make your trips quicker because the tourist visa is valid for only 6 months of time.

Bank accounts: it is impossible to open a bank account by moving here and there because you will need some of the documents like the electricity bill of the house which you will not have. So it will become a wise decision to open a bank account before starting your life as a tourist.

Companies: it is quite difficult to register a company in a country without a fix residence. So make sure to set your company before moving anywhere in the world.

Right to vote: you will lose your right to vote because you will not be considered as a citizen of any country.

Official documents: To seek your necessary documents like a passport you have to sign up to the Consular Register.

Insurance: you can opt for international health insurance.

Multiple residencies

You can become a resident in more than one country at a time if you are spending your time according to the rules and regulations of both the countries, the major drawback of this is if you will not manage them both you will have to pay the tax twice.

The difference between domicile and residency

There are two concepts of domicile, the first one is where you live permanently and the second one is your domicile of origin which is your parents’ permanent residence.

The domicile and residents will become together for some tax purposes. Like a mix of residency, ordinary residence, domicile and domicile of origin are a matter of difference to the amount of taxation of your payment

How to solve the conflicts between tax residencies in different states?

What you think, how will you become the tax residents in two different states? Generally, you will answer this saying ‘spending more than the minimum time in the country from which you will become a taxpayer”, or you will say “holding property in more than one county.

For avoiding the double taxation in countries there are treaties which stipulates you to pay the taxes in one place or another.

In general, the following is stipulated in DTTs:

The individual is considered to be a tax resident of the state in which he has a permanent house in case disputes occur between two countries on the matter of tax residence of individuals.

In the condition of owing permanent house in both the country, the strongest personal and economic ties will be taken into account.

The place where you spent most of your time by not exceeding 183 days will be considered as your tax residence.

If you are not able to decide where you have spent most of your time, your nationality is considered in both these countries.

If you do not have the nationality in both the countries than you have to reach an agreement.

Just make clear one thing that, in order for the DTT to apply, you must be a tax resident of the country, it is not enough to have a residence permit.

You are not liable to become a tax resident of a country where you own the residency but do not live there for a single day and the above rules will not apply to you.

For more information contact www.sociodigi.com

[trishgosar]

Personal Tax 

The lease that you get from letting properties is normally treated as unmerited pay by HM Revenue and Customs independent of your work or independent work status. You will be subject to make good on Income Tax, yet just on the benefit created from your property. To compute your benefit you are qualified to guarantee certain admissible costs. Reasonable costs HM Revenue and Customs have rules in regards to what costs are permissible for charge purposes. They likewise anticipate that you should keep records to help the figures entered onto your government form and hold them for a long time. This will help if HMRC somehow happened to open an investigation into your assessment form. Costs have probably been caused exclusively regarding the letting of the property. If a cost just somewhat identifies with this you may have the option to guarantee a piece of it. 

The most well-known permissible costs are: 

• Interest paid on an advance to buy the property (contract intrigue) * 

• Letting the operator's charges 

• Repairs and support (yet not expenses of upgrades) 

• Insurance premiums for structures and substance 

• Utility bills (gas, power and water) - albeit frequently these are paid by the inhabitant 

• Rent, ground lease and administration charges 

• Cleaning and cultivating 

• Accountant's charges for planning letting accounts 

• Other direct costs, for example, stationery, phone calls and promoting 

* New changes will be staged in from sixth April 2017 (charge year 2017/18) with transitional standard until 2020/21. During the transitional year, a specific level of fund cost will be limited from reasoning as rental costs. Citizen will rather get a fundamental rate decrease from person's annual duty risk. 

The regular costs that are not reasonable are: 

• Any expenses related to the purchasing and selling of the property (stamp obligation, legitimate charges and so forth.). 

• Improvements to the property (expansions or expanding the size of the kitchen or restroom). 

• The "esteem" of your own time (for instance completing your very own fixes). 

• The capital component of any home loan or advance reimbursements. An intricate territory inside this is - when is the use improvement and not a fix?

 As a general guideline:

If the user is brought about in making great harm emerging from the letting of the property, regardless of whether by method for fix or substitution to an equal present-day standard, it ought to qualify as a finding against pay. On the off chance that then again, it fundamentally overhauls and improves the property at that point it would, by and large, be considered of a capital sort. Incredible care should be taken here as there have been a few charge cases prosecuted for an administering. You ought to consistently look for proficient counsel on any use of this nature. Furthermore, if the expense of fixes is brought about before the primary letting of the property they are viewed as enhancements as opposed to fixes. 

Outfitted or Unfurnished properties 

On the off chance that you are letting the property as an outfitted to let you may likewise be qualified to guarantee a consolation on supplanting outfitting, apparatuses (counting white merchandise) and kitchenware. This change of Wear and Tear Allowance is in actuality from the assessment year 2016/17. The old arrangement of Mileage Allowance never again being accessible from fifth April 2016. There is no legitimate definition in charge enactment of what establishes an outfitted property, however, HMRC direction says "adequate furniture must be accommodated typical occupation". By and by this implies beds, seats, tables, couches, organizers, cooker, refrigerator and so forth. You can't guarantee the underlying expense of purchasing these things yet a case can be made for substitution when they are harmed or destroyed gave the measure of the conclusion is: 

The expense of the new substitution thing, restricted to the expense of a proportional thing on the off chance that it speaks to an enhancement for the old thing (past the sensible present-day identical) besides The accidental expenses of discarding the old thing or obtaining the substitution less Any sums got on transfer of the old thing.

Misfortunes 

If your costs surpass your pay at whatever year, at that point you have made a misfortune. There are just constrained manners by which you can get charge help for a property misfortune. You can set it against a benefit from another property that you claim. On the off chance that there are no benefits accessible, you can convey it forward to set against the rental benefits (from any property) you make later on. Rental misfortunes can't be balanced against any non-rental pay. 

Non-Resident Landlords 

On the off chance that you have an investment property in the UK however, your typical home is outside the UK, your inhabitants or the giving operators you a chance to utilize should work the Non-occupant Landlord Plan. They have to deduct fundamental rate charge from rental salary before they pass it onto you. You can set this expense off against your very own duty bill toward the year's end. Anyway, you can apply to HM Revenue and Customs for endorsement to get your rental payments with no duty reasoning. This is mentioned by presenting a structure to HM Revenue and Customs expressing your present expense circumstance and commitments. It will be conceded on the off chance that you do not hope to be obligated to UK charge for the year in which you make the application and your UK charge undertakings are exceptional. If you become because of pay personal assessment, you commit to finishing a self-appraisal expense form and pay the assessment due on schedule. 

HM Revenue and Customs may pull back a citizen from the Non-occupant Landlord Plan whenever on the off chance that you neglect to consent to the prerequisite to record and pay the charge on time. 

Letting Part of your Home 

On the off chance that an individual lets a room or rooms in his in particular or fundamental private habitation, it is presently conceivable to guarantee up to £7,500 (from sixth April 2016) of that pay as absolved from charge. To fit the bill for this the property must be truly shared - with full access to the general living territories for the inhabitant. Just a single exclusion can be guaranteed per property thus if the lease is gotten together by additional than one individual, the exception must be shared. If the lease got sums to more than the exception of £7,500, it is conceivable to pick between: 

I. paying the charge on the all-out benefit (salary less passable reasonings) produced using letting the room(s) or 

ii.paying charges on the measure of lease over £7,500 (NB: no costs are deductible if utilizing this choice). 

H. M. Income and Customs must be advised of the choice inside one year of the finish of the charge year, although the choice can be adjusted from year to year

[gaiatheorist]

Flailing.

Internally, I’m flailing, I’m not doing it physically, because it’s half five in the morning, and I’ll probably knock something over.

This is me trying to put things into perspective, and formulate a more sensible plan than ‘Get a job, quickly.’

I sent the ‘Work Capability Assessment’ form back, then acquired a copy of the psychiatrist’s letter, confirming the Complex PTSD, and stating traits-consistent-with-ASD. (Effective use of puppy-dog eyes on my GP.) I sent my monthly reminder to my Work Coach, that the ‘Housing Element’ on my Universal Credit was wrong again. I posted a copy of my Council Tax bill to the job centre, showing the account in my name only, with my ‘single occupant discount’, then the ‘student’ discount for my son being changed to ‘Council Tax Support- Work age scheme’ He’s listed as ‘work age scheme’ because he’s not working, not earning, not contributing, I’m listed as ‘work age scheme’ because of the low income that Universal Credit provides. Every month, UC computers calculate my rent as if my ex is paying half of it, ‘there are two people listed on your tenancy agreement, we have calculated that your share of the rent is...’ I sent a covering letter with the Council Tax bill, giving the ex’s address so they could confirm that he doesn’t live here. I’m ever so helpful, I gave them his National Insurance number as well, on the original benefit claim, it took the woman from the ‘Housing Department’ about 30 seconds to cross-reference his NI number with HMRC. 

I vaguely remember the woman who phoned to verify my details after the PIP tribunal saying my ‘award is no-review’, and then that I should ask for renewal forms no later than  14 weeks before the award expires next March. That would be the start of December, but, Christmas post, and places being closed over the Christmas period... I am meticulous, it’s part of my ASD. I phoned the number for PIP queries, navigated the billions of options on the automated message, and was eventually connected to a man called Dave, at three minutes past ten. ‘Oh, yeah, we usually send the forms about six months before the expiry date.’ ‘I have not received any forms.’ ‘Yeah, I said ‘’usually’’, yours was an appeal, wasn’t it?’ ‘Yes, the award was via tribunal.’ ‘Yeah, that’s not us, that’s HMCTS, I don’t know why we don’t send them,’ Let. That. Sink. In. People who have already suffered the slings and arrows of outrageous assessors aren’t sent renewal forms. If I wasn’t so meticulous, I might have just waited until half-past December, and, when the forms didn’t appear, I would have been timed-out. ‘Phone this number, it’s only about a ten minute call.’ 

The number was ‘for new claims’, so I hung up the first time, and then re-dialled, and explained to the girl who answered that it was a renewal, not a new claim. I remember reading somewhere that the ‘renewal’ form is different to the initial application, it asks whether each descriptor category is better/worse/the same. If she’s sent a new claim form, I’m going to be angry.  

The original award was for three years, the tribunal panel recognised that my brain injuries are permanent, and accepted my reasoning that I needed a period of support to secure medical intervention for mental and physical issues. There was a slight altercation between myself and the doctor on the panel, with him stating that only conditions that had arisen since the date of my application could be considered, I countered that the brain injuries had exacerbated some of the pre-existing mental health issues, and made some of the pre-existing physical issues more difficult to cope with, he repeated the rule to me, and I lost my temper, frontal lobe brain injury, I lose my temper a lot. ‘Fine, fine, you stick to your script’ isn’t a very polite thing to say to a doctor. My ‘date of application’ was March 15th 2017, the ridiculous way the system works meant I did have a lump-sum payment in August 2018, most of which was used to repay arrears on my utilities, some of which was used to replace or repair household goods, you know, to help with my disabilities. (Yes, I know I didn’t ‘need’ tickets to see Tim Minchin, but the system had chewed me up and spat me out, I wanted something for ‘me’.) The ‘backdating’ meant that I had 19 months of a three-year award to access interventions. In the NHS. Much like the students I used to mentor, as soon as you’ve dealt with the initial reason for intervention, it becomes apparent that there’s a deeper, underlying historical or complicating factor that also needs addressing.

I’m not ‘all better now’, I’m still on the first phase of the medication the Neurologist wanted to try, and I need to chase up my review appointment. I’d been confused by various assessors and such asking me ‘What have Neuro said?’ I hadn’t realised that they meant Neurology, not Neuro-surgery or Neuro-psych, so my response was usually ‘They basically said I was lucky to have survived, and that I should just get on with it.’ That won’t have helped my case. Neurology, when I was eventually referred, diagnosed ‘Chronic Migraine’ as well as ‘daily headaches’ and ‘vertigo’, their ‘angle’ on me is the pain, not any of the other issues I’ve had since the brain haemorrhage. I’d already done the ‘initial’ Mental Health intervention, IAPT talking therapy is enough for some people, it wasn’t enough for me, and, during the 17 months between the PIP application and the tribunal decision, I’d been buffeted from pillar to post within the NHS, with Mental Health saying my issues were related to the brain injuries, and Neuro-psych saying my issues were related to the migraine and the pre-existing PTSD and anxiety/depression. (SURPRISE, it was Autism all along, with side-orders of life-stuff, and brain damage.) I completed the next-level Mental Health therapy, because that’s the only way, other than being sectioned, that you can access more intensive/appropriate therapy. Then I completed the next tier, and I’m still not ‘done’ the advice is to complete ‘Emotional Coping Skills’ and ‘Compassion’ courses, I’m waiting for dates. I’m also waiting for a date for the specialised Neurodevelopmental Service, to formally confirm the Autism, and point me in the direction of support/intervention.

I know I’m whining, I know that ‘worse things happen at sea’ and all that jazz. I have a roof over my head, and my Significant Incident Planning means I have a couple of months worth of food stockpiled. I also have candles all around the house, and spare blankets and duvets, in case my gas and electricity are cut off. I’m overwhelmed, between the physical presence of my son meaning I frequently have to take myself to bed to avoid arguments, the Work Capability Assessment, the PIP renewal, the OU course, and generally ‘being me’, I’m incredibly fragile. 

I’m flailing, I’m too stubborn to sink, but, Gods, I’m tired.      

[zeroviraluniverse-blog]

Playing chicken with the Channel Tunnel

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Playing chicken with the Channel Tunnel

Faisal Islam, Political Editor

It takes 24 minutes to turn around a Eurotunnel freight train full of imports from Europe at the terminal near Folkestone, before it leaves full of lorries heading for the Continent – six trains an hour 24 hours a day, 7 days a week – a quarter of all our trade with Europe, or £100bn’s worth.

It is less a train station, and more a rolling motorway, with customs having been cleared on entry on the Calais side, the lorries and their cargo zoom off the freight trains and straight on to a spur road of the M20.

And then within minutes a fresh load of lorries load up with car parts from Oxford, fruit and veg from Gloucestershire, and my personal favourite – fish from Scotland exported to France via the Channel Tunnel.

Image: The Eurotunnel is a ‘rolling motorway’ of goods and people between the UK and Europe

This is the frictionless trade border with Europe in action – 99% of traffic is completely unchecked, as it is tariff free and up until now produced to the same standards within the European Union and its single market and customs union.

But leaving all three will have consequences to this, one of the infrastructural wonders of the world. The Channel Tunnel was born within months of the EU single market, with both projects championed by Margaret Thatcher.

Can things possibly stay the same, even if tariff-free goods trade can continue, if the UK is a “third country” by EU standards?

John Keefe is a director of Get Link, the recently rebranded name for the owners of Eurotunnel.

“Fresh vegetables, fish from Scotland, car parts, processed food, powdered pharmaceuticals – nothing here is checked. It is absolutely frictionless now. It’s like moving something from Manchester to London, there’s no check on the motorway, that’s how it works today,” he explains to me walking down the platform next to one of freight trains.

Depending on the customs trade deal, somewhere and somehow there might have to be checks for plants, tariffs, for rules of origin on manufacturing parts. So what does he understand by the Government’s mantra of “as frictionless as possible”?

“The ‘as possible’ has to go. The only way to run this is frictionlessly”.

It boils down to a rather cosmic game of chicken, Channel Tunnel chicken

Faisal Islam, Political Editor

Sky News has revealed that the Government had obliged key border operators to sign non-disclosure agreements over the shape of the post-Brexit border.

Number 10 and HMRC acknowledged this fact after our story. The Opposition suggested that it was “disturbing evidence” from a “Government obsessed with secrecy” that was “trying to hide the fact that they have no plausible plan for protecting British trade and manufacturing”.

HMRC said such non-disclosure agreements were “standard practice”. The Chair of the Public Accounts Committee Meg Hillier said they were “extremely unusual” because they were being forced on private companies being consulted on policy options, rather than the more usual purpose of use with a commercial contractor.

The agreements concern information shared with the Border Planning Group (BPG), a cross Whitehall Committee of senior officials.

This is public but its proceedings are private. An informed source told Sky News: “Early last year this group sought and received ministerial permission to talk to various businesses on projected Brexit impacts under a variety of scenarios, including WTO [No Deal].

“It was a data-gathering exercise that informed government scenario planning. The businesses signed NDAs and the anonymised results of the exercise were presented to BPG”.

Video: Tusk says the EU does not want to build a wall around Britain

The scenarios described to Sky News have been broadly interpreted by the industry as “hard Brexit”, “soft Brexit” and “no deal”. It is the last scenario that has raised the most eyebrows in industry.

“This is what we call the ‘Throw Open the Borders option,'” said one operator. The scenario involves the UK on day one of Brexit unilaterally deciding not to enforce customs checks, and other border checks, and presuming that a reciprocal approach will be taken by the European Union, and thus at least temporarily maintaining a non-negotiated form of frictionless trade in goods.

Indeed, although a number of involved operators confirmed this approach as a scenario being discussed by the Government, the Treasury appears to have broadly confirmed it to MPs earlier this month.

The Treasury minute in response to the Public Accounts Committee’s excoriating recent report on Brexit border preparations says that “the Border Planning Group has reviewed all border locations (ports, airports and the Channel Tunnel) to understand the implications at these locations of controls and checks; and concluded that there are a number of locations, especially ‘roll on – roll off’ ports (for example, Dover), where significant extra controls and checks would be difficult to accommodate without affecting the flow of traffic and people”.

This is a highly significant admission from the Government of the logistical impossibility of border checks at crossings designed from inception to operate without any. Put simply, there is no space.

The Government’s stated alternative? Pragmatism.

Everybody involved in negotiating Brexit should be made to stand on the platform of the Eurotunnel terminal

Peter MacSwiney, Chairman of ASM UK Ltd

“Therefore, the Government is taking a pragmatic approach to border controls to ensure the flow of traffic at the border, and to implement controls and checks as they can be accommodated,” it wrote earlier this month.

Mrs Hillier is unimpressed: “We were pretty staggered when we were told that behaviours wouldn’t change much the day after Brexit and they might have to reduce checks to keep traffic moving.

“If you have a two-minute delay on every freight vehicle, that could be a 17-mile tailback on both sides of Channel.

“If solving this means throwing open the borders to all players… it is staggering after all the Government’s constant talk of controlling borders – we are faced with a situation which could be fairly open borders and chaos on day one”.

But the really important thing here is the response of the EU, and the presumption that France or Belgium or Ireland would not enforce EU law, tariffs, standards checks and its customs code on a, by then, “third country” United Kingdom on its side of the border.

“Disruption in Europe trying to get to Britain is just as much of a problem as disruption here. If we have massive queues at Calais of the goods we rely on coming in, then that’s going to be disastrous and the EU is going to enforce the rules it has. It has to, that’s the way it works,” says Christopher Snelling of the Freight Transport Association.

Meg Hillier adds: “The idea we are hoping to become a backdoor for illegal products going into Europe, is not going to be reality.

“There’s got to be some wake-up call here – we’ve looked at even the new computer system that’s supposed to be in place a year from now – it’s not even got to the testing point.”

Even if there is a deal, outside customs union and single market regulations, checks will be required, somewhere.

The current customs checking facility that serves both the Channel Tunnel and the Port of Dover is a few miles away up the M20 at Stop 24. It has just 82 lorry parking spaces, to serve checks on lorries with cargo heading beyond European Union destinations to or from Turkey and Morocco.

As time ticks down the private sector has to make its own decisions amid the uncertainty. Mr Snelling said that 12-month contracts are now stretching past Brexit Day.

“What some are starting to find is they’re having to set two different prices: one for now while we are still in the EU and then a higher price once you are out of the EU because of uncertainty.

“Until a transition deal is nailed down and is legal and members can rely on this, then people have to price for the possibility there will be no transition and put procedures in place.

“Without a deal any goods going through will have to have checks, anything that is food or livestock or medicine will have even more checks on standards and health and all of that will be massively disruptive to businesses and consumers in Britain.”

Image: An aerial view of the Eurotunnel in France

And the lack of concrete credible border plans is beginning to change minds, including of Peter MacSwiney, the chair of a key Brexit customs consultative committee, himself no great fan of the EU.

If these options don’t work, he says, “the ports will come to a grinding halt”.

Is this not just more scaremongering? “We’re always warned we shouldn’t use words like ‘disaster’ with politicians,” he says ominously. Mr MacSwiney was asked, subsequent to the Sky News interview, to sign a non-disclosure agreement by Government – he refused citing “too much Brexit secrecy”.

Incidentally, he voted Leave in the referendum. “I did, but I didn’t vote for what it appears we are going to get now, though”.

A Government spokesperson said: “We want to have a customs arrangement that ensures trade with the EU is as frictionless as possible, and we have set out our two preferred models in our Customs Future Partnership paper.

“In relation to Northern Ireland and Ireland, both the UK and the EU have also been clear there will not be any physical border infrastructure.

“It is in everyone’s interests to secure a good deal for both sides and we think that is by far and away the highest probability, but we have a duty to plan for the alternative. That is common sense.”

Everybody involved in negotiating Brexit should be made to stand on the platform of the Eurotunnel terminal.

Here is where the claims of “they need us more than we need them” about imports of car parts and of prosecco can be seen in context.

It boils down to a rather cosmic game of chicken, Channel Tunnel chicken. Essentially “they” need the Channel Tunnel to move as freely for EU exports into the UK as the UK needs it the other way round.

This perhaps underestimates the political impact of the combination of export difficulties and a slowing up of the imports of consumer goods too.

:: Boris Johnson floats idea of Channel ‘bridge’ at UK-France summit

Video: Theresa May delivers her ‘hard facts’ Brexit speech

Is part of the UK Government negotiating position to dare the EU to apply its own trade laws, while the UK unilaterally chooses not to apply its own and waves trade through, essentially unchecked?

Border operators and manufacturers are beginning to take this prospect seriously, even though neither side of the Brexit negotiation wants it.

For what it’s worth, all believe that Europe would not reciprocate, and would apply legally necessary customs checks with the UK immediately.

The crippling effect of this on cross-border trade would surely mean that negotiations would start within months or weeks, I suggest. “Hours,” says one key logistics operator.

It is frankly amazing to hear such things being contemplated, even privately. No wonder the Government is rather liberally handing out non-disclosure agreements.

Put simply though – something is amiss. The money is not being spent, the planning permissions are not being sought, nor the customs officers being trained, let alone shovels in the ground to build the new facilities inescapably required by the Government’s decision to leave the single market and customs union.

Instead, the Government is signing secrecy agreements about unilateral plans widely dismissed by the people who actually operate the frictionless border.

With 12 months to go, and transition not a legal certainty, something has got to give, and soon.

[waywardpersonacollective-blog]

What income is taxable?

verify tax Residency status determines what a person must include as 'income' when determining his or her tax band. Non-UK residents are only taxed on income earned within the UK, including capital gains, rental income and dividends. Individuals who are residents of the UK for tax purposes are taxed on their worldwide income, including foreign investments and savings interest, rental income on overseas properties and income from foreign pensions or a UK pension for those retiring in the UK. Income taxes in the UK In the UK, many of the various taxes for which an individual will be liable – with the very notable exception of VAT – will in some way be keyed to your income taxes. The basic formula for taxes is to sum your personal income and benefits, subtract your personal allowance, and then pay the appropriate rate on the difference. For the 2016/17 tax year, all individuals are allowed a personal allowance of GBP 11,000, making income below this level tax exempt. UK income tax rates are stepped depending on your income. These steps, or 'bands', are also used to determine other tax rates, such as capital gains. UK tax on rental income Net proceeds from renting property in the UK are included as income for both residents and non-residents. Special rules apply for renting out a single room, renting out your property for holiday purposes, and if you are an overseas landlord. Net proceeds are determined as gross rental receipts minus allowable expenses. The UK disallows most capital expenses against rent, including the cost of buying or improving the property, depreciation and mortgage interest on your home(s). Property taxes in the UK According to OECD statistics, the UK has the highest property taxes in the developed world. UK property tax revenue accounts for more than one-tenth of total taxes (around 12 percent) from the use, transfer and ownership of property in the UK. This represents the highest revenue derived from property taxes of all OECD countries, compared to less than 4 percent in countries such as Austria, Finland, Germany and the Netherlands. There are two forms of property tax in the UK. When you buy a property in the UK over a certain threshold you must pay a Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT). SDLT only applies to residential properties valued more than GBP 125,000, or to non-residential land and properties bought for more than GBP 150,000. It is payable in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, while in Scotland a Land and Buildings Transaction Tax applies instead. Like income tax, the SDLT is a stepped-rate tax. Here is a UK tax calculator for the SDLT. You must send your SDLT return to the HMRC and pay the tax within 30 days of completing the sale. There are certain tax exemptions that allow to lower your UK property tax, for example, if you buy multiple properties; see conditions here. The other form of UK property tax is the Council Tax. This is a local municipality tax that is stepped or banded like income tax. Each local municipality assesses the properties in their jurisdiction annually and assign the tax based on the assessed value. A number of conditions affect the rate of applicable council tax, explained here. Capital gains tax in the UK Capital gains tax (CGT) is charged on the difference between the sale price and purchase price on 'chargeable assets'. Capital gains tax (CGT) is payable on the profitable sale of a range of assets, whether you sell a business, shares, an heirloom or a property. Chargeable assets include: • Personal possessions valued at GBP 6,000 or more (excluding vehicles) • Real estate that is not your main home • A main home if you let it out or used it for business or it’s very large • Shares that are not in an ISA or PEP • Business assets. CGT must be paid on all UK assets, whether or not you are a resident. However, if you are a resident, you may owe CGT even on your non UK asset dispositions. CGT is added to your other taxable income. The sum of all your income from various sources determines which tax band you are in for the current tax year: • If you total taxable income is less than GBP 43,000 – that is, you are still in the 'basic band' – your capital gains rate is 10 percent on most chargeable assets and 18 percent on your home. • If your capital gains takes you into the next highest band then, you pay 20 percent on most of your chargeable assets and 28 percent on your home – but only on a portion of your capital gains that pushes your taxable income into the next band. For example, if your taxable income from employment is GBP 35,000 and you sold your UK home for a gain of GBP 10,000, your CGT tax will be 18 percent on GBP 8,000 and 28 percent on the last GBP 2,000 since that is the amount pushed into the next band by your capital gain. See the government's website for a list of capital gains tax rates in the UK. UK inheritance tax Inheritance tax in the UK is a one-off payment paid on the value of a deceased’s estate if above a set threshold, currently GBP 325,000. Any value higher than the threshold is taxed at 40 percent. If you give more than 10 percent of your inheritance to charity, however, the rate is reduced to 36 percent. There are other ways to reduce your UK inheritance tax liability. If you are married or in a civil partnership, your partner can inherit your entire estate without facing an UK inheritance tax bill. Should you wish to pass on your assets before you die, you can gift them to your partner. Find detailed information in our guide to UK inheritance tax, law and wills. Car and road tax in the UK If you drive in the UK you will need to pay car and road tax, including when you register your car with the DVLA(Driver and vehicle licensing agency). The amount varies per vehicle type, with car and road tax in the UK based on factors such as the size of the engine, type of fuel used and CO2 emissions. A table of UK car and road tax rates can be found here, where you’ll see payment rates for alternative fuel cars (TC59) are GBP 10 lower than for petrol (TC48) and diesel cars (TC49). P You can pay your car and road tax on the government website. New tax rules on emissions tax, initiated on 1 April 2017, mean those buying a car in the UK will typically now pay more car and road tax in the UK, ranging from GBP 130 up to GBP 450 per year. Electric cars are exempt from certain UK car taxes based on their low-emission output. The British use the metric system (km/h); read more on UK road rules.