#Winter temperature in India

[umangharyana]

Weather News : दिसंबर की ठंड पर ग्रहण, मौसम विभाग ने बताया कब से बढ़ेगी सर्दी

Weather updates December 2024: दिसंबर शुरू हो चुका है, लेकिन ठंड का नामोनिशान नहीं है। देश के अधिकांश हिस्सों में न्यूनतम तापमान सामान्य से तीन से पांच डिग्री सेल्सियस अधिक बना हुआ है। मौसम विभाग के अनुसार, दिसंबर का यह पहल�� हफ्ता रिकॉर्ड गर्मी वाला हो सकता है। आइए जानते हैं, इस बार ठंड आने में देरी क्यों हो रही है और मौसम वैज्ञान��क क्या कह रहे हैं। दिसंबर के पहले हफ्ते में रिकॉर्ड गर्मी 2011 से…

[itspheenixbaby]

MUSUTAFU in my mha dr

now playing...black list - hime

AKA; the devils resort

GEOGRAPHY

"when i hear that song, i wanna be with you"

musutafu (MST) prefecture is an island off the southern coast of japan located in the phillipine sea. its about 500-800km away from honshu, has 25,000 mi of land and is home to 35.3 million people. MST houses the most biodiverse tropical rainforest in japan (and one of the three most biodiverse in asia) which covers the entire island. MST has mild winters and minimal snow. it rarely reaches under 60/50 degrees F (10/15C?). both summer and spring are extremely humid.

HISTORY

"buffalo soldier, dreadlock rasta"

i never script colonialism clean out, i just make it different. because im always like wait if we dont have colonialism why tf are so many people speaking european languages? makes no sense right? anyways heres how it worked (in all of my DR's btw); europeans had very little power & money compared to locals who integrated with the culture (including locals of european descent) and it was more of a "leader in name" thing. in actuality, colonialism was more similar to a trade partner agreement with colonies, and colonies themselves were very hard to keep--and usually made more money and had more clout than their european counterparts. MST had this situation with spain, england and portugal. as it was an island (and a rather big one) it was already very cut of from japan culturally, economically & socially. so when the mainland went in seclusion for the meiji restoration, the europeans had already gotten full access to MST.

CULTURE

"90 degress inna the shade, temperature tun up"

linguistics the standard language is a portuguese-spanish-tagalog-japanese fusion? and more japanese dominant. no fucking clue how thatll sound.

diversity MST is very racially & ethnically diverse, with a steady flow of immigrants from all over the world. a few prominent origin points include ; south east asia, central america, the carribbean, usa, western europe, south america, taiwan and india. but of course there are many more. the natives are pretty racially diverse as well, about half of the japanese population is "afro-japanese" which is genetically similar to aetas or melanesians.

motorsports drag racing is fully decriminalized and extremely normal. so much so that entire tournaments and elaborate race tracks are built to encourage it. (partially because of the tourism it brings) but before you can do any drag racing you need a permit or license. its very normal for celebrities and heroes to drag race, theres even a yearly competition for celebrities.

lifestyle lazy, indulgent and leisurely. days are spent relaxing at a beach, vibing at a local cookout or shopping. were very friendly, open and relaxed. its a city with very big & bold personalities. most people are ambiverts and its cartoonishly easy to make friends. unfortunately the culture can be a little shallow at times.

beauty standard few are fussy on beauty standards but a visible sun tan is universally preferred. however theres two big rules: no fake tanning under any circumstance & never tan more than two shades darker. in terms of body types, both men & women with toned bodies and "nice" asses are attractive--but for women the addition of being curvy is preferred.

religion among the japanese population the most practiced religion is catholism. this branch of catholism is very heavily mixed with shintoism & buddhism though.

mardi gras/carnaval the prefectures biggest holiday. its both the best and the worst. the sense of community is a focal point, millions of people celebrating and having fun (including the sizable portion of non-christians). everywhere is packed, music is blasting and half the city is drunk and/or high. by night everyone forgets how to act. surely the busiest day for MST based heroes.

MUSUTAFU CITY DISTRICTS (16 total but im only writing for 4)

"on an island in the sun, we'll be playing and having fun"

the beach durrr the city has a ton of beaches, but this one is the most iconic, large and populated. its right in front of the cities biggest shopping center (what is basically our equivalent of times square...but not as dirty or ghetto). theres always people at this beach, hanging out, on a work break or at a cookout.

the ghetto about 2-3 districts are classified as ghettos. they have an extremely high crime rate, but low quality of life, income & rent. expect seas of street vendors, houses stacked on eachother, music playing all through the night and walls panted with street art. (urarakas district 😍)

the islands a fifteen island archipelago off of the cities coast. considered middle class or lower middle class. life in the islands is slow and easy going. many people work in agriculture or fishing so its known for food & open air markets. the islands have a fun nightlife scene but its generally more laid back. (my district)

rural district the largest district in the city. known for its rich traditional japanese culture, the abundance of natural marijuana and nature. the district is very sparsely industrialized, especially compared to the rest of the city, so its mostly jungle/rainforest. theres also so much wildlife there! and disturbingly large roaches. something cool about it is this biiig ass gate surrounding the whole district! (todoroki family's district)

all districts have a fair share of mongrels / stray dogs. many people take them in to "guard" the house, or just to care for them

people from the islands like to have cute lil sea animal mailboxes!

KNOWN FOR

"as i recall i know you love to show off"

love for sports. soccer, basketball, volleyball, baseball & surfing are extremely popular (among both genders)

lots of the population has a shopping addiction

elaborate heists.

trashy reality tv.

big film / tv industry.

high crime rate.

musutafuans want to go to the beach like every fucking day.

really good music.

clubs, casinos, nightlife in general.

beautiful beaches. white sand & clear blue water.

POP CULTURE

"aserejé, ja, dejé"

GTA game based on MST

love & hip hop: MST

brazilian funk, rnb, afro beats, amapiano, dancehall, reggae, dembow, reggaeton and rap are really popular. way more than non japanese/latin pop music

real housewives of MST

we have golden crust, jollibee, mama empanada, and kfc but no mcdonalds 😬

havianas are really trendy.

im actually considering scripting my version of MST in some of my other DR's (idol dr especially) but im on the fence.

if any of this inspired you your free to include some for you dr <3

[literaryvein-reblogs]

Writing Reference: Weather

Bombogenesis and bomb cyclone - A bombogenesis is “the process that occurs during a 24-hour period when the atmospheric pressure of an extratropical cyclone drops with enough intensity to produce explosive cyclogenesis.” The central barometric pressure drops quickly, producing hurricane-force winds and heavy snow or rainfall—like 77 inches worth of snow in one day. Nor’easters often undergo bombogenesis as cold winds from the north mix with warmer ocean water from the south, creating a big temperature range. These “weather bombs” or bomb cyclones can become blizzards when the conditions are just right. These bombs happen mostly in the fall and winter, but they aren’t unheard of during other times of the year.

Crepuscular ray - A twilight ray of sunlight shining through breaks in high clouds and illuminating dust particles in the air.

Derecho - A widespread and severe windstorm that moves rapidly along a fairly straight path, and it is associated with bands of rapidly moving thunderstorms. In some instances, the media will refer to derechos as "inland hurricanes".

Frazil - “Ice crystals formed in turbulent water, as in swift streams or rough seas.” However, frazil can also form in lakes and oceans; it is the start of sea ice. Frazil usually forms on very clear nights with very low temperatures.

Gloriole - “A halo, nimbus, or aureole.” When ice crystals are suspended in the atmosphere, light catches them causing a bright halo or even a rainbow around the sun or moon. The gloriole forms 22 degrees away from the center of the object, but this phenomenon can often be confused with coronas that form due to water droplets.

Graupel - A type of precipitation that is formed when really cold water droplets collect, freeze, and fall on snowflakes. This creates what is known as a ball of rime, which is “an opaque coating of tiny, white, granular ice particles.”

Haboob - “A thick dust storm or sandstorm that blows in the deserts of North Africa and Arabia or on the plains of India.” Haboob’s dust-storm cousin also hits the United States—just ask anyone who lives in Phoenix. These dust storms usually occur during or as a result of a thunderstorm.

Hunch weather - This term dates back to the 1700s; drizzle or winds that are strong enough to make you hunch over when you walk.

Monkey's wedding - Sunshine and rain at the same time; also known to be called sun showers. However, in South Africa, a “sun shower” is also known as a monkey’s wedding.

Moonbroch - A large halo around the moon; it is a sign of an approaching storm. A broch is an old term for a Scottish circular stone tower.

Petrichor - The distinct scent of rain in the air. More precisely, it’s the name of an oil that’s released from the earth into the air before rain begins to fall.

Polar vortex - A massive whirlpool of cold air that hovers above Earth’s North and South poles. During the warm months, the vortex shrinks toward the poles and generally stays out of our hair, which is nice. During the winter though, the vortex’s boundary—a narrow band of fast air called the polar front jet stream—expands, dipping toward the equator and dumping frigid weather onto any unsuspecting towns (or commuters) in its path.

Sastruga - (Sastrugi in the plural form) means “ridges of snow formed on a snowfield by the action of the wind.”

Smuir - “A thick atmosphere, a dense enveloping cloud or swirl of smoke, snow, rain, or mist.” Alternatively, a blind smuir is merely a snowdrift.

Snow - The partially frozen water vapor which falls in flakes.

Snow eater - When there’s snow everywhere. But, all of a sudden, a nice warm breeze blows over the snow and melts it all away. This usually happens in the Rockies.

Snow flurries - Light, intermittent snowfall without significant accumulation; tend to come from stratiform clouds.

Snow showers - A short period of light-to-moderate snowfall, also characterized by a sudden beginning and ending. There is some accumulation with snow showers, and they fall from convective or cumuliform clouds.

Snow squall - A heavy snow shower with strong winds.

Sugar weather - In Canada, when they have nice warm days but chilly nights, that’s known as sugar weather. That type of weather is just right for getting the maple syrup running in the maple trees.

Swullocking - Hot, sticky, humid weather during the summer; humid weather.

Thundersnow - When snow is the primary form of precipitation in a thunderstorm (instead of rain).

Virga - The virga phenomenon is when you can see that it is raining, but it evaporates on the way to the ground and ends up changing back to water vapor before you can feel it. When it rains and the rain actually makes it to the ground, there’s a meteorological word for that, too: praecipitatio.

Williwaw - A violent squall that blows in near-polar latitudes, as in the Strait of Magellan, Alaska, and the Aleutian Islands.

Sources: 1 2 ⚜ More: On Weather ⚜ Calm & Stormy ⚜ Writing Resources PDFs

[riverripley]

Hot & cold

Heyy hello! This is my first time ever doing this kind of post, esp on Tumblr :,D. So forgive me if this will seem pretty messy! Again, this is my first time posting on here and I'm not a native english speaker 💔

Men DNI

Context: reader and Sevika are born in COMPLETELY different regions. Reader - in the cold, blizzaring north; Sevika - in the warm, sweltering South of Asia. And their differences in temperature come clashing against each other, sometimes one of them poking fun at the other (all gits and shiggles ofc).

Warning/content: reader is mainly interpreted as fem, modern!AU (?? idk), soft!Sevika, sfw

A/N: reader is basically just based on my arcane oc lmfaoo (I'm having such bad Sevika x oc brainrot rn)

・✧ You and Sevika have always gotten along, even before you two moved in together into an apartment. Of course, you two had your differences, but they never really clashed against each other. Except for one thing - the climate you two grew up in.

・✧ Of course, all humans are warm-blooded. That's just basic biology. But the climate you grew up with, especially if it's harsh like the cold weather in Iceland, or the heat of India, you'd start craving the opposite temperature. That's basically how you two grew up separately, until moving to a different region, one that sits practically in the middle of both opposite climates, and meeting each other.

・✧ The first instance of this was you two walking together, late night in the city. A cold breeze flew across you two and both had very different reactions to it. You shivered from it, while Sevika was pleased with it. "My God, that was cold." you blurred out, wrapping yourself up with both of your hands. "A good kind, at that." Sevi grinned. You side-eyed her slightly, your hands still around your shoulders, "No, seriously, I'm quite literally freezing right now.". She looked back at you, slightly confused at how you felt differently from that small gust of wind. But then she covered you with her jacket, not wanting you to somehow catch a cold from that.

・✧ Whenever you two go to bed, you practically cling onto Sevi because of how warm she is, while you also have the blanket covering you up to the tip of your ears, especially during the colder seasons (you may even have two blankets covering you atp). All while Sevika's barely covered by it, which she doesn't mind at all. She'd just nuzzle herself into the crook of your neck, if needed a little warmth. One would sometimes ask if the warmth/cold isn't bothering the other, and the answer would always be no. Maybe even a little teasing included.

・✧ Whenever colder seasons arrive, you'd have like two shirts layered underneath a sweater and tights and socks underneath your pants. While Sevika doesn't double up the clothing like you. Even when going out, you'd have like a warm winter coat and two scarves layered on you and Sevi wears just a coat. You'd always warn her that she'd be freezing without at least a scarf, but she'd just shrug it off and tell you "Don't worry, I wont." (she does end up freezing a couple times).

・✧ Pretty similar scenario goes for warmer seasons. If the temperature's 15 degrees Celsius or higher, you'd immediately be wearing a tank top or something similar and would want to go outside. "Weather's great today, we should go out.", you say as you turn around and see your girlfriend practically melting on the couch. "How the hell can you handle this heat..?" Sevika groans while holding something cold on her forehead. You give her a cold drink after poking fun at her a bit.

Sorry if this may have been a little non-logical 🥲 this little idea popped up out of nowhere and wanted to share it. Will probably add more later, if this'll do any numbers lol

[twoderanged]

Kikufuku & kaju katli 𖤐⭒๋࣭⭑(2)

Indian Female reader!

Gojo satoru x special grade! Reader

i wont be writing as much cus yk exam season

Hope you enjoy!

Warning: swear words in hindi and English, reader getting hurt, crack,

Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | next

"Ugh.. why is it so cold?" You mumbled, shivering next to gojo

"aww sweetheart, it isn't even fully winter and you're shivering, whatever will you do?" Gojo smirked, pulling you closer to him to keep you warm.

Even if it wasn't cold for him, you came from South India, where the lowest temperature you ever experienced was 12.2°C and even then you were practically frozen in place, and the highest was 39.2°C . You were very particular about the temperature of the places you were living in.

"shut it gojo, not my fault you grew up in a damn freezer!"

"sweets, it's not even that cold, but I mean if you insist" gojo smirked, pulling off his jacket and putting it over your shoulders.

"ha?! I don't need your help gojo!" You said, thoroughly annoyed.

"your not doing anything to take it off though?" You could practically hear the smug grin on his face as he said that.

"shut up!" You tried shoving him with your elbow, tried. "Ugh! Don't you have first years to teach?!"

"it's Sunday y/n, Sunday..."

"UGGGHHHHHH FUCK OFF!!!" You groan, speed walking into your office, and shutting the door behind you, well trying to shut it.

As the door closed, an unusually large foot came inside, then the white haired tall idiot

"uggghhh, what is wrong with you gojo, leave me alone!"

"nuh uh sweetheart, no can do"

"your gonna stay here the whole time?"

"huh? The whole time? What are you doing here anyway?"

"i-- the mission reports for this week, we have to give it by the end of the day remember??? Yaga is gonna have your head by the end of this If you forgot" you mumbled, sitting down on the couch near your desk.

"nuhhh uhhhhh" he whistled, sitting and twirling around in your office chair, "i asked Ijichi to do ittt"

"uhhh huhhhhhhhh.... Sure you asked him and definitely didn't threaten him"

"is that an attitude I hear?"

You scoffed "ever heard of sarcasm gojo?"

"hey! Why don't you call me by my name, you used to back then!"

"gojo is your name" you said, not looking up from the laptop screen as your fingers typed away.

"You used to call me satoruuuu and 'toru back then... Ahhh such simpler times where your crush used to call you by your first name.." gojo took off his blindfold and looked at you with sincere look, which made your eyes soften as you looked up, but just for a moment.

"ahhh yea, I used to, but now I don't"

"comeee onnnnnnn, i call you by your first name" gojo said with a frown, as he got up from the chair and popped down beside you on the couch, slinging an arm over your shoulders.

"omggg, will you shut up if I call you Satoru?"

"no, I want 'toru"

"ugggghhhhhh... Theek hai, Toru" you mumbled, a bit of Hindi slipping through.

"ha??? What does theek hai mean???"

"shit--- it's okay in Hindi"

"tell meeee, it's not okay!" He whined, not getting it still.

"Satoru, are you stupid? it literally means okay in Hindi"

"oh...."

"yeah! You feel reaaaalllllllll stupid don't ya?" You smirked, but unfortunately that didn't last long

"remember the time you and utahime----" before he could finish his sentence, you flung the closest thing towards his head, which happened to be a book, but unfortunately (again) he had his infinity on, the book bouncing back and hitting your head instead.

"Ow!! Behenchod wtf! I forgot about your infinity" you practically squealed, rubbing your forehead with a pout.

"what did, whatever that was, mean...?" Gojo asked, innocently

"oh.... Um... Uhhhhhhh Nothing you need to know" you smiled at him awkwardly, then before he could get another word out you cut him off "shut up before i use that on you again, remember what happened last time? "

"i--....yes ma'am" gojo mumbled, the previous smile on his face vanishing as a look of terror took upon his features, shivering at the throught.

"ya that's what I though, now sush"

"but your innate technique is still weaker than mine sweets"

"oh shut up, I can beat you in a battle of domains quite easily, remember, you alone aren't the strongest, my powers are still on par with yours" you winked, going back to your forgotten work, quickly typing away.

"oh how could I forget, hmm? Not when your reminding me every 5 minutes!" He spoke, waving his unusually large hands in the air.

"well, someone's gotta keep your ego in check"

"oh shut up" he laughed, ruffling your hair

"oye cut it out!" You laughed, your work now forgotten as you and gojo goofed around.

The next day, 7:30 am

The mission had been going too well, too well for a special grade curse.

Now, you're bleeding from the abdomen, blood pouring out from the wound as you let out a strained cough.

You almost forgot about the three students who were fighting off lower grade curses, cursing to yourself about forgetting the three, your not even sure you'll make it out without passing out

It was cold, freezing even, you pushed yourself up from where you were seated, hands soaked in blood,clumsily walking through the building, you were in excruciating pain. The cursed spirit had caught you off guard, making you hallucinate, you thought you heard yuji, but as soon as you turned around, an onslaught of attacks with fire came towards you.

You thought you would actually lose, but at the last moment, you unleashed your domain expansion, killing the curse instantly

"ugh... Maine kyu domain expansion pehle use nhi Kiya..." You mumbled to yourself, stumbling. (Why didn't I use domain expansion earlier?)

The thought haunts your mind for a bit, as you clench at your abdomen, trying to apply pressure. You didn't have time to use RCT, your energy was already low before you came here, you didn't have time to exhaust your remaining cursed energy and leave it to the students to take you back.

But then, you felt a towering presence behind you. You didn't have to turn around to know who it was, the sheer smell of his overly expensive perfume and the cursed energy was enough

Then he spoke, voice low and teasing

"Had a hard time sweetheart?"

You don't even bother turning around, simply giving him a middle finger as a response.

"aw you wounded me sweets" he chuckled, picking you up, bridal style.

You yelped in surprise, "oye asshole! Let go, I can walk on my own!", you squealed, wiggling in his tight grasp.

He smirked, you could already feel the arrogance in his voice. "Nuh uhhh, gotta get you back to shoko in one piece, if something happens to you, whatever will i do? Without my sweetheart?"

"ugh your so annoying"

...

Gojo walks back outside, with you in his arms, to where Ijichi, and the three first years were waiting. Imagine the look of horror on their face as they see their teacher bleeding out in their other annoying teachers arms.

Megumi orders Ijichi to start the car, as he sits in the front, yuji opening the door for you two, and nobara sitting at the other end.

The atmosphere was tense, well only for the first years, you and gojo were bickering like you didn't have huge burns near your abdomen, which was bleeding out all over the pristine white leather of the car. Yuji and nobara almost had a heart attack, thinking their only normal teacher was gonna die (they felt gojo and geto were a bit weird)

Ijichi stopped the car in front of the school, yuji got out first, holding the door open for you two again, being the absolute sweetheart he is.

"ugh, why are you so slow man? Be a bit fast, I'm starting to think they're calling you the strongest for nothing" you groaned, as gojo slowed his pace even more.

"shhhhhh, we're getting there sweetheart"

"yea, 'getting there', by the time we do I'd already have bled out and died" you scowled

"ugh so demanding?" gojo smirked, teleporting both of you to shoko, and carefully laying you on the white bed, which slowly started turning red from all the blood that was pouring out of you.

Meanwhile, the three first years were freaking out, even megumi, concerned for their favourite teacher possibly dying. yuji andd nobara were making theories on why you were so injured in the first place while megumi just sat there.

back with you, gojo slowly stepped away from the bed as shoko left the conversation she was having with geto, and rushed to your side, scolding you for being so careless.

Shoko took out her medical supplies and got to work, putting on gloves and a mask.

"ow wtf?? that hurtss" you mumbled, wincing in pain as shoko cleaned the corners of the wound with anticeptic. shoko gave you a deadpan expression, rubbing the cotton more agressively than before earning a groan from you.

Gojo went and sat at the corner of the room, next to geto, with his hands drenched in your blood. Geto gave him a disgusted expression, not wanting to see so much blood first thing in the morning.

"what?" gojo smiled not inocently, holding up his hands and waving it in front of geto's face just to spite him. Geto made a gagging sound and turned away, flipping him off.

"get tf away from me, that's disgusting" he scowled, instigating gojo to come closer and annoy him further.

"UGH GET AWAY YOU FREAK"

[ltwilliammowett]

Lieutenant! Can you tell us about Cape Horn and why it was so dangerous?

Of course I would,

So let's get to the location:

Cape Horn is located at 55° 59′ south latitude and 67° 17′ west longitude. The headland is located on the rocky island of Isla Hornos (Horn Island, not to be confused with the Horn Islands in Micronesia, also discovered by Schoutens), which belongs to Chile, and is the southernmost point in the Tierra del Fuego archipelago. Like the southernmost 2,000 kilometres of South America, it lies in the cold Antarctic circumpolar current. Unlike South Africa, which is twenty degrees further north with the warm Agulhas Current, Tierra del Fuego is never reached by a warm Atlantic current (Brazil Current). Instead, the cold polar current (Falkland Current) reaches as far as the Río de la Plata in the southern summer and as far as southern Brazil in the winter, meaning that Cape Horn is under the influence of a large-scale subpolar current all year round.

The air temperature at Cape Horn is almost identical to the water temperature all year round - day and night - which is 8 °C in January and 5 °C in July. During the day, it rarely gets warmer than 12-13 °C. There are only occasional frosts in winter and it almost never snows, although it rains over 280 days a year.

With few exceptions, the wind blows from the western half of the compass rose all year round; easterly winds are very rare. However, the wind force in the sea area around the Cape tends to be lower than in the neighbouring south-east Pacific and off the Chilean coast near the Strait of Magellan, for example, where there is always one wind force more and twice as much chance of storms. Nevertheless, the wind blows almost constantly in summer (January) with at least five Beaufort, but only once a month with more than seven Beaufort, and once a week to the west. In July, at least seven Beaufort and one storm per week are recorded every third day, while two storms per week can be expected to the west.

The Cape was rounded for the first time by an expedition of Dutch sailors Willem Cornelisz Schouten and Jakob Le Maire on 29 January 1616, sailing on behalf of the Australian Company, which was founded by Jakob Le Maire's father Isaac Le Maire together with other Hoorn businessmen after an internal dispute with the Dutch East India Company (VOC). As Dutch ships at the time were only allowed to use the Strait of Magellan if they belonged to the VOC, Isaac Le Maire was looking for a passage to the Pacific untouched by the rights of the VOC to trade with the East Indies Spice Islands.

The expedition's mission was to explore a new route to the ‘East Indies’.It was considered fulfilled when a passage opened up between Tierra del Fuego (in the language of the Spanish owner) and the hypothetical huge southern continent of Terra Australis.It was named Fretum le Maire (literally Le Maire Strait) in Latin in honour of the initiator and most important financier Isaac Le Maire, and the ‘peninsula’ to the east belonging to Terra Australis was given the name Staatenlandt in honour of the newly constituted Dutch parliament.The rededication in favour of the son Jakob Le Maire took place after his tragic death at the instigation of his father.The island character of Staatenlandt, which is only sixty kilometres long, could not be recognised, as even at sea you can rarely see further than about forty kilometres. Not being able to see the connection of the state island to the huge Terra Australis only proved that one could not see further than twenty nautical miles - and this was already known.

According to the published records of the ‘shipwrecked passenger’ Jacob le Maires (his expedition ship, the Hoorn, burnt up during cleaning work in Patagonia), he and Captain Schouten were of the opinion that Tierra del Fuego was a rugged, rocky but contiguous island, the supposed southern tip of which was named Capo Hoorn in Latin by Schouten, who was responsible for it, in honour of the second great financier, the council of the city of Hoorn.The Le Maire Strait, the short and easy passage between America and Terra Australis at Staateninsel or Staatenlandt, was the important discovery; Cape Horn was already a clear 180 kilometres into the Pacific. Isaac le Maire had the discovery of this passage, supported by a ‘silent’ Schouten, attributed to his son by court order, with the father as heir.However, the associated and desired exploitation rights of the strait were immediately expropriated and granted to the monopoly of the East India Company.The last lawsuits over this were lost in 1648.

With the realisation that even Staatenlandt was not connected to Terra Australis and that Cape Horn was the decisive landmark, neither the Strait of Magellan nor the Le Maire Strait could be permanently managed with customs duties. Due to the factually and historically incorrect, commercially motivated court judgement that Jacob le Maire found his way into the Pacific via the Le Maire Strait, the discovery of Cape Horn is attributed to him just as incorrectly and abbreviated. Usually, however, all discoveries made on such a voyage are attributed to the captain, as he decides which unknown waters his ship sails into, is responsible for them and also has to assess and interpret what he sees. However, Schouten did not insist on a public acknowledgement of his exploratory achievement, presumably due to an ‘agreement’ between him and Isaac le Maire. In addition, the published documentation of the voyage was undoubtedly written by the representative of the shipping company Jacob le Maire, so that the impression of a discovery by the travelling merchant was already being conveyed to contemporaries

But according to the German author Wolf-Ulrich Cropp, the Englishman Francis Drake was the first European to sail around the Cape 40 years earlier, in 1578, on his circumnavigation of the globe, after he had reached the Pacific through the Strait of Magellan and then travelled south-east for a few days in search of the missing escort ships. However, this discovery was declared a state secret by Queen Elizabeth I.

At the time, it was believed that the Pacific could only be reached from the Atlantic via the Spanish-controlled Strait of Magellan further north, and the British did not want other nations to know about the second route.Drake's first discovery was only claimed after 1618 for political and economic reasons and was quickly disproved by examining the records and voyage reports and by interviewing the surviving travellers.The English naming of the sea area Drake Passage was only given in 1769 by James Cook when he surveyed the coast and is presumably only an expression of general reverence for the greatest English naval hero to date.

In fact, Drake no longer had any escort ships in the Pacific that he could miss; he had already lost them in the Atlantic or in the Strait of Magellan.In the event of a separation, a rendezvous point 2500 kilometres to the north had been agreed with the remaining Elisabeth; a search for missing persons in the south was therefore not very promising. Instead, Drake sought shelter between the islands west of the Strait of Magellan in a supposed ‘50-day storm’ and had no interest in drifting further and further south-east, where he would inevitably be wrecked on the expected Terra Australis in the storm.In any case, he took his time to ‘conquer’ the inhospitable islands of the archipelago one by one.Furthermore, the navigational documents show that he never travelled further south than 55° south, which, in view of his otherwise perfect latitude measurements throughout the voyage, rules out the possibility that he came closer than about 300 km to Cape Horn.Under no circumstances was he south of the Cape, travelling through the Drake Strait and the Le Maire Strait or Falkland Strait to the Atlantic entrance of the Strait of Magellan, in order to make a statement about its passability.The ambitious Drake would have seized even the slightest opportunity to make and verify such a glorious discovery, as he was well aware of the economic, personal, political and military benefits.Similar legends were subsequently spread about the Spanish captains Francisco de Hoces (1526) and Gabriel de Castilla (1603). However, the sources and evidence for both are so sparse and uncertain that the best that can be surmised is that they both sailed past the entrances to the Strait of Magellan for different reasons and then wandered south of it for a short time. In the case of de Hoces, the legend led to the same conclusion as with Drake: the sea area south of Tierra del Fuego, the Drake Strait, is called Mar de Hoces in Spanish.

The rounding of the Cape was one of the most feared passages for ships, as evidenced by the founding of the Cape Horn Community. Commanding captains who conquered Cape Horn on a cargo ship without an auxiliary engine became honorary members of this international community.

Until the completion of the Panama Canal in 1914, sailing around the Cape was the slightly more favourable way to reach the west coast of South America from the Atlantic. The Strait of Magellan and the Beagle Channel, which had already been sailed through centuries earlier by ships of the Dutch East India Company and British exploration ships, also offered difficult weather and current conditions for sailing ships.

At Cape Horn, the passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific against the westerly wind drift was particularly dangerous and difficult. It required ships sailing in this direction to constantly cross in high seas, rain, cold, poor visibility and icebergs. The False Cape Horn caused additional navigational difficulties due to the risk of confusion. However, to this day there are still ships that round the cape, albeit with the help of engines and modern navigation. But that does not mean that it is any less dangerous.

[whatevergreen]

In the week that Trump pulls the US out of the Paris climate agreement again:

The worst ever wild fires continue to rage in California, with at least 24 dead, 10,000s of homes and businesses destroyed and many more damaged.

Louisiana and Florida were hit by recording breaking snowfall, with blizzard warnings - and New Orleans receiving more snow than Anchorage, Alaska has so far this winter.

Ireland, Scotland, Wales and Northwest England are battered by storm Eowyn, with winds up to 114mph, leaving nearly a million homes without power. And so far this winter Scotland has had mild temperatures with very little snow anywhere.

There's been unseasonally high temperatures in such as Madhya Pradesh state, and other areas of India.

In Japan, the price of cabbage has recently risen up to ten times it's normal price because of shortages due to crop failures caused by extreme heat.

The hoax isn't climate change - it's the criminality of climate change denial.

[chaos-utopia]

Warm??? Ari that's freezing

QOTD: What is the perfect outside temperature and weather conditions?

20-25 degrees, but the sky shouldn't be all grey clouds, I want a blue sky with fluffy clouds and the sun shining not too bright and not too warm with soft winds to make it cool but not cold

[beardedmrbean]

Dozens of construction workers have been pulled out alive from metal containers after they were buried by an avalanche in the Himalayas in India's Uttarakhand state.

They survived - some as long as nearly two days - as the containers in which they were living had enough oxygen to sustain them until rescuers could dig them out, Indian media reported quoting officials.

On Friday, 54 workers were buried when the avalanche hit a construction camp near Mana village. Eight were killed, while the other 46 were rescued.

The operation lasted almost 60 hours in sub-zero temperatures and concluded on Sunday.

Most of the labourers, who were working on a highway expansion project, were able to "withstand the wrecking avalanche" because of the containers, rescuers told The Indian Express newspaper.

"These metal shelters saved most of them. They had just enough oxygen to hold on until we got them out," a senior rescue official told The Times of India.

The newspaper reported that the force of the avalanche had hurled eight metal containers and a shed down the mountain.

Uttarakhand state Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami has thanked rescue teams for their efforts in challenging conditions.

Members of the Indian army, national and state disaster response forces and local administration had worked to free the workers, using helicopters and drones for the operation.

Many of the rescued workers are receiving treatment at hospitals in the state's Joshimath town and Rishikesh city.

Satyaprakash Yadav, a migrant worker from Uttar Pradesh who was among those rescued, said the "avalanche hit our container like a landslide", according to a video released by the army.

He added that the container he was in broke apart when the snow hit and it ended up near a river.

"We managed to get out on our own and reached a nearby army guest house, where we stayed overnight," he added.

Rajnish Kumar, a worker from Uttarkhand's Pithoragarh town, said most of them were sleeping when the avalanche struck.

"When the snow hit the container, it sank about 50 to 60 metres down [the mountain]. The Army arrived quickly and rescued us," he said, according to the army video.

Gaurav Kunwar, a former village council member of Mana, told the BBC on Friday the area where the avalanche hit was a "migratory area" and that it had no permanent residents.

"Only labourers working on border roads stay there in the winter," he said, adding that it had rained for two days prior to the avalanche.

The India Meteorological Department has warned of rainfall and snow in the northern states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, as well as Jammu and Kashmir until Tuesday.

Avalanches and landslides are common in the higher regions of the Himalayas, especially during winter.

Experts say that climate change has made extreme weather more severe and less predictable. There has also been a rapid rise in deforestation and construction in Uttarakhand's hilly areas in recent years.

In 2021, nearly 100 people died in Uttarakhand after a piece of a Himalayan glacier fell into the river, triggering flash floods.

[brahmandtour91]

What Makes Rajasthan So Special in Winter for Motorcycle Tour?

Have you ever imagined riding a motorcycle through vast golden deserts passing windmill farms, towering forts, and colourful towns painted in different hues that they feel unreal? For an adventure lover who love to explore road trips and villages enroute to meet local people, hospitality, warm sunshine, and the excitement of discovering new places, Winter Motorcycle Tour in India is like a bucket list thing.

Winter season is best to ride in Rajasthan because:

• Comfortable Temperatures: Days hover around 65–75°F (18–24°C), never too hot or too chilly.

• Clear, Sunny Skies: Virtually every day is sunny and ideal for photography.

• Fairs and Festivals: Winter hosts innumerable festivities, with streets buzzing with music and dancing and marketplaces.

The weather alone makes it easier and much more pleasant for a Rajasthan motorbike tour. The roads are yours to enjoy along with tales that you’ll be recounting months later. Kick-start your adventure with the perfect route, the right bike, and a thrill of the bike road trip.

[umangharyana]

Aaj ka Mausam: देशभर में सर्दी का कहर जारी, कोहरे, बर्फबारी और बारिश से जनजीवन प्रभावित

Aaj ka Mausam 17 Jan 2025 : देश के कई हिस्सों में सर्दी अपने चरम पर है। कोहरा, बर्फबारी और बारिश ने आम जनजीवन को प्रभावित कर दिया है। भारतीय मौसम विभाग (IMD) ने कई राज्यों में अलर्ट जारी किया है। आइए जानते हैं प्रमुख राज्यों का मौसम हाल। दिल्ली: राष्ट्रीय राजधानी दिल्ली में कोहरे का असर गहराया। 117 फ्लाइट्स लेट हुईं और 10 रद्द करनी पड़ीं। इसके अलावा, 27 ट्रेनें भी देरी से पहुंचीं। आज दिल्ली का…

[digitalbuzz1998]

Daily Comfort in the Cold: Why the Right Jacket Matters

In the winter months, dressing comfortably while staying warm becomes a daily challenge. For many people in Indian cities, winters aren’t extreme, but they’re cold enough to demand something warm yet wearable. A comfortable puffer jacket hits the right balance between warmth, comfort, and wearability.

Unlike thick woollen coats or multiple layers, this type of jacket offers insulation without heaviness, and style without stiffness. Let’s break down why a comfortable puffer jacket is quickly becoming a winter staple for everyday use.

Staying Warm Without Feeling Weighed Down

The biggest draw of a comfortable puffer jacket is its warmth-to-weight ratio. Thanks to modern insulation materials, you get excellent heat retention without carrying the weight of a thick coat. This makes it ideal for daily wear—whether you’re running errands, traveling to work, or heading out on a weekend morning.

Insulated with synthetic fill, these jackets trap body heat effectively. They’re also designed to prevent cold air from seeping in, offering a cocoon of warmth with minimal bulk.

Practicality for Urban Winters

India’s urban winters are unique. You may step out in the morning when it’s chilly, only to find yourself in milder weather by the afternoon. A comfortable puffer jacket offers this kind of flexibility. It's easy to remove and carry if the weather warms up, and just as easy to throw back on when it cools down again.

These jackets are especially useful for commuters. Whether you're waiting for public transport or riding a two-wheeler in the morning cold, a puffer jacket can help you manage temperature swings without feeling over-layered.

Design That Supports Everyday Movement

One of the key reasons people reach for a comfortable puffer jacket is the freedom it allows. You can move, lift, bend, and stretch without restriction. This is possible because the jacket is stitched in a way that allows full movement while keeping the insulation evenly distributed.

Elasticated cuffs and waistbands ensure that warmth stays inside without needing constant adjustment. Zippered pockets, adjustable hoods, and soft linings all add to the practical comfort you get with each wear.

Simple Style for Everyday Wear

When winter wear is too flashy or bulky, it can feel difficult to pair with daily clothes. A comfortable puffer jacket solves that. The clean, minimal design makes it suitable for a range of outfits. You can wear it over office wear, with jeans and a T-shirt, or even with casual loungewear on a quick walk outside.

The jackets by Himmaleh, for example, come in neutral colors that fit easily into everyday wardrobes. Whether you prefer black, navy, or earth tones, there’s something that fits without standing out too much.

Built for Indian Winters

Indian winters differ from those in colder countries. You need a jacket that provides warmth, but also handles humidity and dust. A comfortable puffer jacket made for Indian cities will often include water-resistant outer layers and inner linings that don't trap sweat.

Brands like Himmaleh have tailored their designs for Indian users—keeping climate, activity level, and local fashion in mind. Whether you’re in a northern hill town or a coastal city with light winter chills, you’ll find a jacket that works for your local temperature.

Durability That Lasts Beyond a Season

When buying winter wear, it’s good to think long-term. A well-made comfortable puffer jacket should last you several seasons. Quality stitching, strong zippers, and reliable insulation mean you don’t need to worry about fluff coming out or material losing its shape after washes.

Most jackets in this category are also easy to care for—just toss them in a washing machine, and they’re ready for the next use. The outer shell resists dirt and moisture, which adds to their practicality for daily wear.

Why More People Are Choosing Puffer Jackets Today

Comfort in winter is more than just about staying warm. It’s about being able to go about your day without constantly adjusting your clothes. A comfortable puffer jacket allows you to focus on work, errands, or leisure without thinking twice about your outfit.

In addition, its portability means you can fold or roll it into a bag without damaging the material. This comes in handy during trips or during days with changing weather conditions.

[bloomsindia]

Why Clay Roofs Are the Perfect Choice for Homes in Delhi

In the ever-evolving world of architecture and construction, homeowners in Delhi are seeking roofing solutions that not only enhance the visual appeal of their properties but also provide long-lasting durability and sustainability. One such timeless and eco-friendly solution gaining popularity across residential and commercial projects is the clay roof.

What is a Clay Roof?

Clay roofs are crafted using natural terracotta clay, molded and fired to produce durable roofing tiles. These tiles come in a variety of textures, shapes, and earthy tones, offering a rustic charm and traditional aesthetic that seamlessly complements both heritage and modern architecture.

Benefits of Installing a Clay Roof in Delhi

Weather Resistance: Delhi experiences extreme weather conditions—scorching summers, monsoon rains, and cold winters. Clay tiles are naturally resistant to high temperatures and UV radiation, and their dense structure makes them highly water-resistant, protecting the structure beneath.

Energy Efficiency: Clay roofs provide excellent insulation, keeping homes cooler in summer and warmer in winter. This helps reduce energy bills by minimizing the need for artificial cooling or heating systems.

Eco-Friendly & Sustainable: Made from natural materials, clay roofing tiles are recyclable, non-toxic, and have a low environmental impact during production and disposal.

Longevity: Clay roofing can last for more than 50 years with minimal maintenance. Their strength and ability to resist mold, rot, and insects make them a cost-effective, long-term investment.

Aesthetic Appeal: With their rich, earthy tones and classic appeal, clay tiles can elevate the overall appearance of any structure. They pair beautifully with both traditional Indian homes and contemporary designs.

Ideal Applications

Clay roofs are widely used in villas, heritage buildings, bungalows, resorts, and even commercial properties seeking a classic aesthetic. In Delhi, areas with colonial architecture or modern eco-conscious designs are increasingly turning to clay tile solutions.

Why Choose Blooms India for Clay Roofing?

At Blooms India, we offer a curated range of premium clay roofing tiles that combine traditional craftsmanship with modern technology. Our clay roof solutions are known for their durability, beauty, and performance in extreme weather.

Our team ensures expert installation, high-quality materials, and customer satisfaction at every step of the process.

For more information, please visit: 👉 https://www.bloomsindia.net/cladding.html

[fun-adventures-travels]

Nag Tibba Trek: A Popular Weekend Adventure!

Looking for a short, thrilling escape into the mountains? The Nag Tibba Trek is the perfect weekend adventure for nature lovers, trekkers, and photographers alike. Located in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, this trek offers a mix of serene beauty, snow-capped peaks, and dense forests, making it one of the most popular and accessible treks near Delhi and Dehradun.

Discover the Beauty of Nag Tibba Peak

The Nag Tibba Trek leads you to the majestic Nag Tibba Peak, which stands tall at an altitude of 9,910 feet above sea level. Also known as the “Serpent’s Peak,” it is the highest peak in the Nag Tibba range of the lower Himalayas. The trail to this peak is suitable for beginners and experienced trekkers alike, making it a great choice for a weekend getaway.

The trek offers panoramic views of the Bandarpoonch, Swargarohini, Kedarnath, and Gangotri ranges. On reaching the summit, you are rewarded with a 360-degree view of the snow-covered Himalayas and lush valleys below. The summit point is not just about the views; the serenity and calm you feel at the top is unmatched.

Nag Tibba Trek Package Options

Several trekking companies offer a variety of Nag Tibba Trek package options, catering to different preferences. Whether you’re looking for a guided group trek or a private experience, there’s something for everyone. A typical Nag Tibba Trek package includes transportation from Dehradun, camping gear, meals, guides, and permits. Some packages even include local sightseeing in Mussoorie or Pantwari village, the base point for the trek.

For those who enjoy camping under the stars, most packages include overnight stays in cozy tents surrounded by pine forests or open meadows with stunning night skies.

Weather and Temperature in Nag Tibba

The temperature in Nag Tibba remains pleasant throughout the year, making it a year-round destination. However, the weather varies depending on the season, and it’s important to plan accordingly:

In September and December, the temperature in Nag Tibba ranges between 14 to 22 degrees Celsius during the day, and 6 to 14 degrees at night. These months offer clear skies and breathtaking views, making them ideal for trekking.

During other months, the temperature in Nag Tibba typically ranges from 16 to 25 degrees Celsius in the day and 8 to 16 degrees Celsius at night. The weather is perfect for those who want to avoid extreme cold but still enjoy the mountain breeze and scenic beauty.

Whether you love the snow-covered trails of winter or the lush green meadows of spring, the Nag Tibba Trek never disappoints.

Trek Difficulty and Route

The Nag Tibba Trek is considered an easy-to-moderate trek, perfect for beginners or weekend travelers. The total trekking distance is around 15-16 kilometers and can be completed over two days. The route passes through dense deodar forests, open meadows, and small Himalayan villages, offering a beautiful mix of landscapes and cultural exposure.

You’ll start from Pantwari village, pass through the Nag Mandir (a small temple dedicated to the serpent god), and finally reach the Nag Tibba Peak. The trail is well-marked and often used by local shepherds.

Experience the Magic at Nag Tibba Trek Height in the Himalayas

If you’re short on time but craving a true Himalayan experience, the Nag Tibba Trek is your best bet. With its stunning landscapes, comfortable weather, manageable terrain, and well-organized Nag Tibba Trek packages, it stands out as one of the top weekend treks in North India. From scenic campsites to the thrill of conquering the Nag Tibba Trek height of 9,910 feet, this adventure promises unforgettable memories.

So pack your bags, lace up your boots, and head off to explore the enchanting trails of Nag Tibba Trek — a weekend escape you’ll cherish forever.

[alastred]

the slow dying embers of a campfire, the beating of wings so loud and so large that it flattens all nearby vegetation, feeling more at home outside than indoors, the softness of a sweater, magic so strong you can taste it on the tip of your tongue, running barefoot in the tall grass, a bleeding heart wide open to the world, the crackling of a radio in the still night, hope as the thing with feathers that never stops singing

extended dossier. pinterest. playlist (under co.)

full name — emmeline jaya venkatesan nickname(s) — emme, emmy name meaning — emmeline: industrious; work; hard-working; peaceful home; unceasing; vigorous; brave. jaya: victory; victorious; the goddess durga. venkatesan: lord of venkata; lord vishnu; lord krishna. age — twenty eight date of birth — october 5 place of birth — merionethshire, wales star sign — libra sun, cancer moon, gemini ascendant current location — maentwrog, merionethshire gender — cis woman pronouns — she/her sexual orientation — questioning ( more than likely queer ) religion — raised hindu occupation — magizoologist education level — hogwarts; scamander apprenticeship family — sarala venkatesan ( mother; alive ), murali jayakumar ( father; unknown ) finances — [shrugs] woman of mystery (grew up poor to middling class) spoken languages — welsh, english, some tamil boggart — voldemort surviving dragonfire patronus — dragonfly. the dragonfly is steeped in illusionary magic. the abilities to create a strong, almost "hypnotic" outer shell for the world, see beneath your own illusion and those of others, and gain strong mental clarity are common traits of the dragonfly. It is also a messenger, carrying with it messages from the past, far distances, and the spiritual realm. dragonflies are representative of what it means to be light, reflective, and full of joy - in all senses of the words. dragonfly medicine tends to be very emotional and passionate, often accompanying a great revelation or discovery of self.wand — a thin branch of alder, fragile to the eye despite possessing a phoenix tail feather for a core, swishy in the air and 10 & 3/4 inches in length. alder, an unusually unyielding wood, sought owners not similar in temper but those who were helpful, considerate and most likeable, and is best suited to non-verbal spellwork as a loyal helpmate that is exceptional at protection against outside forces. phoenix feathers often show their own initiative, and are the hardest of the cores to tame and personalise. this is emmeline's second wand; she tried this wand at age 16 and it wasn't quite the right fit — yet. combined, alder and phoenix feather were suitable for a witch or wizard who would make their mark on this world.

1950 is a year of too many surprises for sarala venkatesan, but emmeline is by far the most welcome of them. the cold, the near winter temperatures and bone chilling wind, is a novelty at first, and then seems something cruel to a woman who has only known sweltering heat and little subsidation. october brings with it many things that sarala is entirely unaccustomed to, the swell of her belly foreign to her eyes even after months and months of growing it on her own, but even with her regrets piling up after leaving home so unceremoniously, she cannot regret it when she gives birth in the local hospital to a dark haired baby girl who cries and cries and cries.

wales is where they've settled - though not exactly by choice. america was too far, the money that sarala had made by selling her own belongings, the gold and silver jewellery which she had been given flogged for what wound up being much less than it was worth, and settling in london meant being entirely too close to cousins who would know her by description, and staying in india was entirely untenable.

emmeline knew little of her mother's struggle. all she knew was that it was often too cold and all she had was her mother: they shared the same bed, the too small rickety frame and slim mattress that was no good for a young mother, let alone her baby. it was a blessing - or perhaps the magic in emmeline responding to the situation already and preventing her from being so - that she was not a sickly baby.

regardless, emmeline was a happy baby, and sarala brought her everywhere. it was odd, at first, to be stared at in the village when she wore her out and about, but soon the stares were accompanied by smiles, helping hands in the grocery store and finally, finally, a job offer suited to her strengths. sarala was not accustomed to having almost no money, or to having to work - she was the only daughter of a man who had spared no expense in sending her to private school and then arranging her unwanted marriage when she fell pregnant.

but she made it work, because she knew she had to. the local stables needed someone with experience with horses - and despite her lack of paperwork (or maybe simply out of pity), the owner decided to give her a chance. afterwards, she never looked back. a love of animals, of all things that grow, had been fostered in sarala from a young age - and she wanted to pass that onto her daughter.

emmeline grew up surrounded by nature. to say that their home was rural was an understatement - but she knew nothing different, and wanted for nothing as she grew and her mother gained confidence. the horses her mother tended to each day were some of her first friends, even if she couldn't speak the same language as them. the fields behind her and her mother's rented house were her first playground, the birds that flew overhead the first beings she fed from the palm of her hands, the flowers along the roadside the ones she tended to when people were less than careful.

she was seven before she realized how very strange it was that she didn't have a father. or that, well, if she did, he did a very good job of remaining invisible to her eyes. everybody else had a father - everybody else had two parents to go home to, whether they were happy about it or not. when she finally questioned sarala about it, safe under the duvet of her bed, sarala knew it was time to tell her the truth.

it was no secret that they were different; they didn't look anything like any of the other residents, and sarala's accent wasn't anything like emmeline's but for the warmth of it. but emmeline had never questioned that this is where they were from, that this rural town in wales was where her mother had grown up. finding out that she was actually from a place called madurai, had brothers and parents and yes, emmeline's father lived there, too.

emmeline wasn't blind to how merely stating the facts hurt her mother. there was a wound that had never healed at their treatment of her, the rejection of emmeline's father solidified when her parents immediate response was to lambast her and then arrange a swift marriage to a much older man who would not protest the existence of her child. she made the decision then, that she didn't need to know anymore. knowing that she did have a father was comfort enough - she didn't need anything more than that.

sarala was dumbfounded by emmeline's easy acceptance and her lack of pushing in the aftermath, but soon she was entirely distracted. emmeline hadn't exactly hid her burgeoning magical abilities, not from the world of nature which she often found solace in, but they were entirely dumbfounding on first sight to her mother. the discovery that she could make objects float, and even ensure that they did things she was meant to be doing - like brushing her hair or packing her few toys away, rattled sarala - who had no explanation for any of it.

it was a long wait, one that was nearly untenable to weather without any actual answers, before she got any sort of satisfaction on that front. even as baffled as she was, there was very little fear associated with it. she trusted her daughter, who cried when she discovered that bees died when they stung and often had sugar water waiting for any bee in need, and knew that she wouldn't hurt anyone - not even a fly.

by the time her hogwarts letter saw fit to arrive, sarala treated her daughter's magic as little more than a quirk - just another thing to love, even if it did occasionally drive her around the bend when she did the dishes with a wave of her hand rather than by hand. mcgonagall's arrival, however, was one that really set the cat among the pigeons.

the thing is: emmeline had had plans. she was going to study for her a-levels, and then apply to veterinary school, and open up her own practice - work with the farms in the area, save the local wildlife where she could, rehabilitate those that needed it. those dreams all got shelved the minute mcgonagall turned up on their doorstep, a parchment clutched in her hand and glasses perched on her nose. that's not to say there isn't joy in her discovery that there are more like her, but there's a mourning, too.

the magical world is fantastical. there is so much wonder, so many things that emmeline had thought were myths live, still, hidden away by magic. merlin - myrddin - was real. the second she steps foot there, she feels the belonging she only felt out in the fields, in the forests, in the clearings and on top of the cliffs: like she was home. sarala knows she can't deny her daughter this, even if part of her wishes she could be that selfish.

the train to hogwarts is only the second time she'd been on one: the first had been the train to london, from which the neighbors had turned out in droves, waving from the platform and yelling well wishes for her journey to her new private school. it's nerve-wracking, and terrifying, and she cries in the bathroom when she's supposed to be getting changed until someone knocks and she knows they're there.

ravenclaw is the hat's only choice. she would have suited hufflepuff, he muses in her ear, but that was not what she needed. the house of the lions would be too much - too caustic, too loud, much too chaotic for a soul like hers, no matter how brave she is - and slytherin was a non-starter. she would find safety, solitude and the knowledge she sorely desires in that ivory tower.

of all of the classes, care of magical creatures is the one she thrives in. (herbology is another, but anybody who spent as much as five minutes with her, would know the reason why.) friends and foes alike share exasperation over her single-minded obsession, her refusal to damn magical animals as evil or undeserving of care. even her head of house knows what her career choice will be before he asks, a wry smile lingering: a magizoologist, sir. just like newt scamander.

her years at hogwarts mostly pass unscathed, though she sees others who do not, and offers them what little help she can. a shoulder to cry on here, a handkerchief there, a stroll in the morning sun or a whispered word in the ear of someone better equipped to help. when graduation comes, emmeline slips between the worlds, refusing to leave her mother behind - until she hears back from the apprenticeship posting she'd replied to months earlier.

the scamander family have a long and storied legacy. or, well, they have two legacies, depending on which family line is followed. emmeline, ever the magical creature enthusiast, follows newt's - and is rewarded with the apprenticeship of her dreams. she spends the next two years hopping from country to country, sending postcards and owls - exotic and otherwise - home, to anyone who she thinks will read her ramblings.

and when she comes home, newly minted with a mastery, the world has changed. it's like her old neighbour used to say - a watched pot never boils, until it's boiling over. the energy is different. there's a wariness to people, a slowly creeping foreboding. everybody's getting tetchier, rumors adding fuel to the fire to the point that even emmeline cannot ignore it.

for now, she sits and she watches. two years have past, and the rumors have slowly begun to crystalize into truths that are hard to ignore, and even harder to swallow. the wizarding world keeps getting drawn back to darkness, as if circling a drain, and emmeline knows instinctively that it's only a matter of time before she's dragged into it. if not for her noted inability to hold a grudge, then for her blood status - both a secret and entirely otherwise.

(but watching can only last so long. inaction can only be accepted for so long, by herself and by the masses, and the order needs people like her. people who don't strike suspicion when they're at one end of the country one day and at the other the next. and emmeline knows herself: she has a bleeding heart, and the order is the only organisation with which she can attempt to preserve it instead of breaking it.)

[imperialchem]

How pour point depressants improve oil flow in cold conditions

The global oil and gas industry faces numerous challenges when operating in extreme weather conditions.  One such issue is the formation of wax crystals in crude oil and petroleum products at low temperatures, which hinders flow and transportation.  This is where pour point depressants (PPDs) play a crucial role.  Designed to enhance oil flow by lowering its pour point, PPDs are an indispensable solution for cold environments.

As a leading pour point depressant manufacturer in India, Imperial Oilfield Chemicals Private Limited specializes in providing high-performance solutions that ensure smooth oil transport even in freezing conditions.  This blog explores the importance of pour point depressants, how they work, and why choosing the right supplier is essential for oilfield operations.

Understanding the Role of Pour Point Depressants

Crude oil contains wax molecules that tend to crystallize when exposed to low temperatures.  These wax crystals form a network, increasing oil viscosity and obstructing its flow.  The pour point is the lowest temperature at which oil remains fluid before becoming solidified.

A pour point depressant modifies the crystallization behavior of wax molecules, preventing them from aggregating into larger clusters.  This ensures the oil remains pumpable even in cold conditions, thereby reducing operational downtime and maintenance costs.

How Do Pour Point Depressants Work?

Pour point depressants act as flow improvers by modifying the size and shape of wax crystals in crude oil.  Their mechanism involves:

Wax Crystal Modification – PPDs interact with paraffin molecules, disrupting their regular structure and preventing the formation of large, interlocking networks.

Dispersion Effect – They disperse wax molecules evenly throughout the oil, reducing their ability to form solid masses.

Lowering Pour Point – By inhibiting the solidification process, PPDs help lower the temperature at which oil remains fluid, improving flowability.

These mechanisms make PPDs indispensable for regions where temperatures plummet, ensuring a seamless oil supply chain.

Benefits of Using Pour Point Depressants

Companies in the oil and gas sector benefit significantly from using pour point depressants, particularly in extreme weather conditions.  Some of the major advantages include:

1.  Improved Oil Flowability

PPDs enhance the flow properties of crude oil and refined products, preventing blockages in pipelines and storage tanks.

2.  Reduced Operational Costs

By preventing wax deposition, PPDs minimize the need for frequent maintenance, reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs.

3.  Enhanced Pipeline Efficiency

Ensuring smooth oil transportation reduces pumping pressure and extends the lifespan of pipelines.

4.  Prevention of Equipment Damage

Cold conditions can lead to the accumulation of wax deposits in pumps, valves, and storage tanks, causing mechanical failures.  PPDs mitigate this risk, ensuring equipment longevity.

5.  Eco-Friendly Solution

Using PPDs reduces the need for thermal heating in pipelines, decreasing energy consumption and carbon emissions.

Industries That Benefit from Pour Point Depressants

Several industries rely on pour point depressants to maintain efficiency in cold environments:

Oil & Gas Exploration – Ensuring crude oil remains pumpable during extraction and transportation.

Petroleum Refining – Enhancing the flow of refined products such as diesel and lubricants.

Pipeline Transportation – Reducing blockages and enhancing efficiency in long-distance oil transport.

Fuel Storage & Distribution – Preventing fuel solidification in storage tanks during winter.

Choosing the Right Pour Point Depressant Supplier in India

Selecting a reliable pour point depressant supplier in India is crucial to ensuring the efficiency and performance of your oilfield operations.  Here is why Imperial Oilfield Chemicals Private Limited stands out:

High-Quality Products – As a trusted oilfield chemicals manufacturer and exporter in India, we provide advanced chemical formulations that deliver optimal performance in extreme conditions.

Global Reach – Recognized as a pour point depressant exporter in India, we serve clients worldwide, ensuring smooth and uninterrupted oil flow in different climates.

Customized Solutions – Our team of experts develops tailored solutions to meet the specific requirements of different crude oil compositions.

Commitment to Excellence – As the best oilfield chemicals company in Gujarat, we prioritize quality, innovation, and customer satisfaction.

Why Choose Imperial Oilfield Chemicals Private Limited?

Being the best oilfield chemical products provider in the world, Imperial Oilfield Chemicals Private Limited is dedicated to delivering superior solutions for the oil and gas industry.  Here is why clients trust us:

State-of-the-Art Manufacturing – Our advanced production facilities ensure high-purity and effective chemical solutions.

Stringent Quality Control – We adhere to international quality standards, ensuring consistency and reliability.

Strong Customer Support – Our dedicated team offers expert guidance to help clients optimize their oilfield operations.

Conclusion

Pour point depressants are a game-changer in ensuring smooth oil flow in cold conditions.  By preventing wax crystallization, they enhance pipeline efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, and improve overall operational efficiency.

As a leading oilfield chemicals exporter Gujarat, Imperial Oilfield Chemicals Private Limited takes pride in offering high-quality pour point depressants that meet global industry standards.  Whether you need a reliable pour point depressant manufacturer in India or a pour point depressant supplier in India, we have the expertise and technology to deliver the best solutions for your oilfield needs.

For more information on our products and services, contact us today!