#and I’ve been talking a lot w a classmate who’s doing hers on Chinese syntax
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音系学,音位学 - Phonology
音位学分析 yīnwèixué fēnxī - phonological analysis
音系表征 yīnxì biǎozhēng - phonological representation
心里表征 xīnlǐ biǎozhēng - mental representation
抽象表征 chōuxiàng biǎozhēng - abstract representation
单位 dānwèi - units
音段 yīnduàn - segment
音节 yīnjié - syllable
音节首 yīnjiéshǒu - onset
音节核 yīnjiéhé - nucleus
音节尾 yīnjiéwěi - coda
音拍 yīnpāi, 莫拉 mòlā - mora
音步 yīnbù - foot
莫拉理论 mòlā lǐlùn - moraic theory
音节长度 - syllable length
音位 yīnwèi - phoneme
最小对立体 zuìxiǎo duìlì tǐ - minimal pair
区别意义 qūbié yìyì - distinguish meaning
对立的 duìlì de - contrastive
边缘对立 biānyuán duìlì - marginal contrast
音位中和 yīnwèi zhōnghé - phonemic neutralization
音位变体 yīnwèi biàntǐ - allophone
环境 huánjìng - environment
条件变体 tiáojiàn biàntǐ - conditioned variant
自由变体 zìyóu biàntǐ - free variation (无条件变体)
预测 yùcè - predict
互补分布 hùbǔ fēnbù - complementary distribution
自然类 zìrán lèi - natural class
在一定条件下产生 "produced under certain conditions" (产生 chǎnshēng "give rise to, produce")
在其他实词中都呈现互补分布。"They all present complementary distributions in other content words."
如果有一群语音共享一个或多个发音或听觉特征,而且同一个语言的其他音没有,这群语音就组成一个自然类。"If a group of sounds shares one or more articulatory or auditory features, which are not shared by the other sounds of that language, then that group of sounds is a natural class."
音位配列 yīnwèi pèiliè, 语音组合法 yǔyīn zǔhé fǎ - phonotactics
规则 guīzé - rule
替换 tìhuàn - substitute, replace
语音同化 yǔyīn tónghuà - assimilation
语音异化 yŭyīn yìhuà - dissimilation
语音省略 yǔyīn shěnglüè - deletion, elision
插音 chāyīn - epenthesis, insertion
语音变换 yǔyīn biànhuàn - metathesis
补偿延长 bǔcháng yáncháng - compensatory lengthening
连音 liányīn- sandhi, liaison
变调 biàndiào - tone sandhi
底层表达 dǐcéng biǎodá - underlying representation (底层形式 dǐcéng xíngshì, 底层表现 dǐcéng biǎoxiàn)
表层表现 biǎocéng biǎoxiàn - surface form
自主音段音系学 zìzhǔ yīnduàn yīnxìxué - autosegmental phonology
特征 tèzhēng - feature
音层 yīncéng - tier, level (as used in phonological context)
自主音段音系学理论把不同的区别性特征放在不同的音层上。
超音段 chāoyīnduàn - suprasegmentals
韵律 yùnlǜ - prosody
语调 yǔdiào - intonation
音高 yīngāo - pitch
响度 xiǎngdù - loudness
重音 zhòngyīn - stress, accent
节奏 jiézòu - rhythm, timing
重音节奏 zhòngyīn jiézòu - stress-timed
音节节奏 yīnjié jiézòu - syllable-timed
音拍节奏 yīnpāi jiézòu - mora-timed
表征的模型 biǎozhēng de móxíng - representation models
样本理论 yàngběn lǐlùn - exemplar theory
自下而上的过程 zìxià'érshàng de guòchéng - bottom-up process
自上而下的过程 zìshàngérxià de guòchéng - top-down process
优选论 yōuxuǎn lùn - Optimality Theory
制约排列 zhìyuē páiliè - constraint ranking
忠实性制约 zhōngshí xìng zhìyuē - faithfulness constraint
标志性制约 biāozhì xìng zhìyuē - markedness constraint
候选项目 hòuxuǎn xiàngmù - candidate
其他啊啊啊 (other)
范畴性的 fànchóu xìng de - categorical
阶层性的 jiēcéng xìng de - gradient
感知 gǎnzhī - perceive
发音 fāyīn - produce (sound), pronounce, enunciate
#中文#汉语#mandarin#mandarin studyblr#langblr#chinese langblr#词汇#chinese vocab#mandarin vocab#vocab#I’ve been sitting on this post for like a year now cuz I couldn’t find translations of a few more terms I wanted#alas#idk I just wanted to post it finally and probably make another one for vocab abt syntax lol#since apparently that’s what my thesis is#and I’ve been talking a lot w a classmate who’s doing hers on Chinese syntax#fun stuff#linguistics#语言学
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