#and its the same stuff yk

[s-t-a-r-c-o]

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[evienyx]

Calculating Sentry's Power Level (with science!!!)

In Thunderbolts*, we are told rather explicitly that Sentry has "the power of a thousand exploding suns." I have seen this used a lot when discussing how he might measure up against other beings within the MCU.

Now, I have no real way of calculating or quantifying the power of someone like Wanda or Loki or anyone like that. For Bob, though, we might actually be able to find a number. What would this number mean? Unimportant, this is just for fun, so don't take anything as gospel either because I'm barely checking my math here and am just stream-of-consciousness-ing this thing.

Okay, so, let's figure out just how much power Bob has (spoiler: it's so much omg lmao). My man is stressed and doesn't wanna know but that's too damn bad okay here we go.

To start, let's look at how much energy, or power, the Sun outputs.

When it comes to stars, their power output is referred to as their luminosity, and is measured in Watts (also known as Joules/second, or the energy output every second).

The Sun's luminosity is about 3.828 × 10^26 Watts. (source)

For reference, the total U.S. electricity consumption in 2022 was about 4.07 trillion kWh (or about 1.4652 × 10^19 Joules) (source). Dividing our Sun's luminosity of 3.828 × 10^26 Joules/second by this, we can find that the Sun outputs enough energy to power the U.S. for a year 26,126,126 times over, every second.

So, a lot of power.

This alone would pack quite a punch. However, we are not looking at the power of just one Sun, but of 1000. So, we multiply our Luminosity by 1000, and can also multiply our number of United States as well to find that our power output is now

3.828 × 10^29 Watts, or 26,126,126,000 United States (in a year, every second).

Even now, though, we aren't getting the whole picture. After all, Sentry's power isn't "the power of a thousand Suns." It's "the power of a thousand exploding Suns." Therefore, we need to look at the amount of energy that the Sun would output at the end of its life.

In astronomy, stars are categorized based off of their luminosity and their surface temperature, as well as color (source). The majority of stars (as in about 90%) fall into the "main sequence," while the other 10% are made up white dwarfs, giants, and supergiants. They are organized in what is known as the Hertzprung-Russell (HR) diagram, shown below.

Our Sun is what is known as a G-Type (yellow) star. It is a very average star (which is a good thing). For average stars, their life comes to an end when they run out of excess hydrogen to use for nuclear fusion (the process of fusing hydrogen atoms into helium, which releases immense energy and powers the star). Once that hydrogen runs out, the star begins to collapse.

This collapse, however, produces more heat, so that the star can then create essentially a burning shell of its little remaining hydrogen that wraps around the star's core. This shell causes the outer layers of the star to expand rapidly, turning the star into a red giant, which will consume its helium until it is gone, and collapse and expand again.

As material continues to be ejected from the red giant, it also forms a planetary nebula around the dying star. After about a billion years, it will run out of material and the inner core of the star will be exposed. At this point, the star is left as a white dwarf (source).

Now, that was a lot, and a lot of energy was involved, but there are three main parts of the G-Type star's death: the red giant, the planetary nebula ejection, and the white dwarf.

When a star expands into a red giant, it heats up a lot, and its luminosity increases significantly (source). We don't know exactly how much the Sun's luminosity will increase by at this point. Some estimates put it anywhere between 1000 times greater and 3000 times greater, so for the sake of this, let's just say 2000 times greater.

So, the luminosity of our dying red giant star is about

7.656 × 10^29 Watts.

Unfortunately, Watts is measuring our energy output per second, and we want it overall. So, let's keep going.

Though the red giant period lasts for about a billion years, the increased luminosity is really only toward the end of it, as it comes from the burning of helium into carbon, which goes by much quicker than the hydrogen burning that took up most of the star's life.

So, instead of a billion years, we will go with about ten million years worth of our high luminosity.

Energy = luminosity (watts) × time (seconds)

Energy = (7.656 × 10^29 joules/second) × (3.154 × 10^7 seconds/year) × 10^7 years

Energy = 2.415 × 10^44 joules.

I'm not even gonna try to figure out how many United States that is.

This is only the red giant phase, of course. We still have a bit more to look at.

Though there is no fusion involved or anything, the planetary nebula ejection still outputs a lot of kinetic energy, which we can thankfully calculate relatively easily. We only need the mass and the velocity.

For mass, we're looking at about 40% of the Sun's original mass being sent out into space (source), so about 7.9536 × 10^29 (source).

For velocity, we're looking at about 20 km/s, or 20,000 m/s (source).

Another note: 1 joule = 1 kg × (m/s)^2

Now, onto kinetic energy:

E = 0.5 × mass × velocity^2

E = 0.5 × (7.9536 × 10^29 kg) × (20,000 m/s)^2

E = 1.591 × 10^38 joules.

That's a lot of energy, but in terms of stellar and astrophysics things, it's not actually that much lol. Still, now we know it.

Lastly, we have the white dwarf phase. Now, once a star is a white dwarf, its death is essentially already done. All that would be left in terms of energy for this white dwarf phase would be the energy that is output as it is cooling. Certainly, this is a lot of energy, but it isn't really enough to make much of a dent in our calculations, especially since it is happening over the course of billions of years.

So, our final number for the amount of energy output by the Sun in its death is about:

2.415 × 10^44 joules.

Our planetary nebula ejection number (1.591 × 10^38 joules) is so insignificant against this number that adding it changes literally nothing.

This is just one Sun, though. We need a thousand.

So, if we want to quantify the amount of power that Sentry has, knowing that it is the power of "a thousand exploding Suns," we can say that it is about:

2.415 × 10^47 joules.

This is more energy than the Sun will output over its entire lifetime, and by quite a lot.

Now, one thing may have caught your attention through all of this.

The idea of "exploding star" evokes a very particular image, and it is certainly not that of a star turning red and expanding and contracting over the course of a billion years. When you hear "exploding star," you don't think red giant; you think supernova.

The thing is, most stars don't go supernova. Our Sun is not nearly massive enough to go supernova. It would need a mass at least eight times that which it has to even have a possibility of going supernova.

However, supernovae have a general amount of energy that they output when they occur, in the ballpark of about 10^44 joules (source). Multiply this by 1000, and you get about the answer we already found (10^47 joules).

The exciting thing about a supernova explosion is not just the amount of energy that it outputs, but the speed at which it does so. The fact that the Sun cannot go supernova, and therefore cannot explode, will not affect our final answer in any way but vibes.

And so, we come to our not-at-all-peer-reviewed, done at midnight, completely without double-checking my work, final answer.

MCU Sentry, with the power of "a thousand exploding Suns," has the power roughly equivalent to 2.415 × 10^47 joules.

Or:

241,500,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 joules.

For reference, in 2019, the world total electricity consumption was about 22,848 TWh (source), or about 8.225 × 10^19 joules. This means that Sentry's power is equivalent to about how much energy the entire world uses in a year, 2.936 octillion times over (or 2.936 × 10^27).

Considering this is (I think) representative of his power level and not something like the total amount of power he can use ever, it's safe to say that, even if it is the power of a thousand exploding Suns rather than a million, MCU Sentry is still pretty strong, all things considered.

Anyway, if you find anything in particular that is grievously wrong with this, feel free to let me know. I did this in like under two hours.

Read next: Sentry Vs. The Avengers (with science!)

POV: They don't know I've got 2.415 × 10^47 joules worth of power inside me (except they kinda do lol)

[synthshenanigans]

I miiiight color this properly but have a funky soul design i did for fun :}

[close up + a small text about the guy below and then some]

While it is mainly just for fun & not my main design for Soul, i think Soul's form would change throughout Cacophony a fair amount. There's still some things it cant change but depending on its view on himself, Heart & Mind, or Whole would alter how his apperance looks. Not necessarily a bad thing either, just a form on how he feels or views himself. Kinda like when you make a persona i guess? He just swaps a lot between them.

Also smaller thing being that it's "tail" can change as well! More obvious being the relation to the instrumental album cover but also it can changed into other things as well. An Umbrella for Spring and a Storm, a gavel for parts of Mucka Blucka, TSE & The Bidding, or it being one of those bid cards youd hold up to bid your amount [also during The Bidding]. Can also change to the trident during TSE & The Bidding too, the red guitar in Two Wuv as well. Just generally whatever he want/feels like!

[brodyfoxxsmassivetits]

I feel like one of Matt's best friends that are outside of his main best friend group is definitely a fashionista

Like they definitely give each other fashion ideas off the bat because they just like that do it out of pocket so easily

I forget the possibility that they can infact have friends outside of the main ones...BESTIE DESIGNINED!! Billie!!! Hi Billie hi! Matt's gal pal..gal pal??? Thing pal... creature.

I sorta lost the fashionista plot and tunnel visioned in on giving Matt a pal but yk good enough...they match each other's freak

idk what they have going on their both strange freaks with stuff going on...do we fw billie...

[spoopup]

thinking about them with pokemon

[sneeb-canons]

Headcanon #700: Despite common knowledge, Heart actually has amazing precise aim with things. Even without trying he seems to always have a general sense at what he's aiming for. Guns however are specifically his weakness. Its the one thing he cannot aim well with. Slingshot? A Bow? Darts? Throwing knifes? Even a frisbee? He can use mostly anything & hit the mark shockingly well. As long as it isnt any type of gun [including dart guns], hes got great accuracy.

[lemongogo]

[canneddolts]

i have a billion ideas on the barney clones that i could never write down So. Images

[xxplastic-cubexx]

bugs when you lift up a rock

[faunandfloraas]

Seungmin saying they changed song by so it would be easier for people to watch and listen and then me seeing people going "Yes! It's good it's on tiktok and shorts now" and I'm like. Oh. You're all so fucking stupid <3

[aroace-polyshow]

sometimes i see a genderbend for a male char and its like “she would not look like that as a girl”

[gothicrepetitions]

This is the most boring episode of the season so far (14x09)

[dutchs-paisley-vest]

computer, get this guy some chapstick

[sneeb-canons]

anyone got any ideas/headcanons for the THDPH guy? number 666 is coming up so i figured itd fit the best :}

[gomzdrawfr]

Seeing a lot of people using AI-knockoffs slops to haress artists on twt and its so upsetting, EVEN with glazed artwork + stinger

[dreamsy990]

ur into epic the musical right . should i like. listen to/watch(???) that..........

i know like one singular song bc someone used it for a corrupt purevani animatic and im lowkey insane abt it so like....... Are There More Banger Songs

YES YES OH MY GOD YES I AM SO SERIOUS YES. BECOME BRAINROTTED WITH ME. THERE IS NOT A SINGLE SONG IN EPIC I WOULD EVEN CONSIDER BELOW AVERAGE IT ALL GOES INSANELY HARD YOULL LOVE IT HERE

giving you a ✨beginners guide to epic✨ for your initiation! assuming you know absolutely nothing for this bgfrbgf

so epic is a concept album for a musical adaptation of the odyssey. the only "official" material is the music itself, some stage directions from the livestreams, and official animatics (which i dont reccomend for your first experience with epic). its also fully sung through (think hamilton), so theres no dialogue between scenes. so dont worry about missing anything! the whole thing is broken into 9 albums called sagas. in order, these are called troy, cyclops, ocean, circe, underworld, thunder, wisdom, vengeance, and ithaca. dont worry about them really, since theyre all released at this point its only relevant for discussion, and youll pick it up pretty quickly if you go insane about them <3

as for a first experience of epic, id suggest watching animatics, because sometimes it can be very hard to follow the story without visuals. i have a personal playlist i reccomend to people of my favorite animatics, which you can find here. its like 2 hours long, but if you want to break it up, act 1 ends at the song monster and has a nebulous time skip afterwards, so thats a pretty nice point to take a break. or you can listen to one saga at a time if youre a freak like that, theyre all about 15 minutes long id say

after you do that, if youre a fan and wanna get involved, id personally reccomend skimming through some of jorge's tiktoks/shorts going over details about epic first. theres a lot of fun trivia there and a lot of the popular jokes in the fandom come straight from him.

if you need any elaboration on anything lmk! i will explain basically anything :>