#mfsk

[n2qfd]

@swradiogram

Got about 1/3 of it before signals dropped for the borealis.

[prokopetz]

It's worth noting that we have an actual, historical example of audible tones being used to communicate binary data: modems which communicate via telephone landlines. Such modems did, in fact, use more than two audible tones in order to pack more data into a given signal duration, according to a fairly simple formula.

If you have two tones, A and B, each tone carries one bit of data. For example:

A = 0 B = 1

Conversely, if you have four tones, A, B, C and D, that's sufficient to represent every possible combination of two bits, and your encoding might look something like this:

A = 00 B = 01 C = 10 D = 11

Eight tones is sufficient to encode every possible combinations three bits; sixteen tones, four bits; and so forth, doubling the number of required tones for each added bit. This approach is typically known as multiple frequency-shift keying, or MFSK.

(Some MFSK schemas use up to 64 distinct frequencies, allowing for the encoding of six bits per pulse; however, for MFSK schemas which specifically operate in the audible spectrum, such as those intended for dial-up modems, 16 tones is more common. This has the convenient feature that each pulse encodes four bits and corresponds to exactly one hexadecimal digit. It's also handy for use in media because sixteen tones gives you a tidy two-octave range to play with.)

I’m curious how binary cant work for admech since day 1. At first, I thought it’s just high speed alternation in frequencies of sounds to denote 0 and 1, just like how computer cable does with voltage. So I wrote a python script to convert natural language to binary code then to sound based on the idea (so that I can curse in binary in ttrpg). However, since the human auditory cortex can only distinguish sound about 20ms apart, the current commonly used binary coding method (Unicode) that requires 8 bits to encode for one letter (16 bits for one character in Mandarin) would make binary cant less efficient than natural language through the bare ear. As a result, binary cant users not only need vocal implants but also auditory implants to receive info (or perhaps cortex implants to decode). Based on these assumptions, binary cant would be able to happen in sound frequencies not perceivable by the original human cochlea so techpriests conversation can be extremely quiet. And more efficiently, just through data cables.

Or it could be the other way around, scientists might develop more efficient binary language without basing it on the symbol system of natural languages (I’m not that familiar with linguistics so I don’t know if this is possible or not).

However, the sound techpriests made in the game mechanicus doesn’t sound like my assumption. There are definitely more than 2 pitches used in the conversations (which makes it less binary...) and they seem to be faster than natural language. I still couldn’t figure out what’s happening here. Do the twisting pitches actually encode more than one bit? Is binary cant actually an analog signal encoding a digital signal? Or is the sound effect just mean to sound better for the game?

The binary curse program (turn the sound on!):

[airjump]

#THW Bericht in MFSK-128 inkl. Bild

#THW Bericht in MFSK-128 inkl. Bild

[milanoapplestyle]

Cloud atlas #Blackandwhite #streetphotography #iphone13pro #chiaroscuro #anewhope (presso Buenos Aires, Argentina) https://www.instagram.com/p/CqOsx2-MFSk/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[yuktaharsulkar]

ASK, PSK, FSK technique

ASK:

ASK is a type of Amplitude Modulation which represents the

binary data in the form of variations in the of a signal. Any

modulated signal has a high frequency carrier. The binary signal

when ASK modulated, gives a zero value for low input while it

gives the carrier output for HIGH input.

The Carrier generator sends a continuous high-frequency carrier. The

binary sequence from the message signal makes the unipolar input to be

either high or low. The High signal closes the switch, allowing a carrier

wave. Hence, the output will be the carrier signal at high input. When

there is low input, the switch opens, allowing no voltage to appear.

Hence , the output will be low.

PSK:

Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a digital modulation process which

conveys data by changing (modulating) the phase of a

constant frequency reference signal (the carrier wave). The

modulation is accomplished by varying the sine and cosine inputs

at a precise time. It is widely used for wireless

LANs, RFID and Bluetooth communication.

Any digital modulation scheme uses a finite number of distinct

signals to represent digital data. PSK uses a finite number of

phases, each assigned a unique pattern of binary digits. Usually,

each phase encodes an equal number of bits. Each pattern of bits

forms the symbol that is represented by the particular phase.

The demodulator, which is designed specifically for the symbol-set

used by the modulator, determines the phase of the received signal

and maps it back to the symbol it represents, thus recovering the

original data. This requires the receiver to be able to compare the

phase of the received signal to a reference signal – such a system is

termed coherent (and referred to as CPSK).

CPSK requires a complicated demodulator, because it must extract

the reference wave from the received signal and keep track of it, to

compare each sample to. Alternatively, the phase shift of each

symbol sent can be measured with respect to the phase of the

previous symbol sent. Because the symbols are encoded in the

difference in phase between successive samples, this is

called differential phase-shift keying (DPSK). DPSK can be

significantly simpler to implement than ordinary PSK, as it is a 'non-

coherent' scheme, i.e. there is no need for the demodulator to keep track of a reference wave. A trade-off is that it has more

demodulation errors.

FSK:

Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a method of transmitting digital signals using

discrete signals. The two binary states -- logic 0 (low) and 1 (high) in a binary

frequency-shift key mechanism -- are each represented by an analog waveform.

Logic 0 is represented by a wave at a specific frequency, and logic 1 is

represented by a wave at a different frequency. The distance between logic 0

and logic 1 is known as the deviation or shift point. A modem converts the

binary data from a computer to FSK for transmission over telephone lines,

cables, optical fiber or wireless media. The modem also converts incoming FSK

signals to digital low and high states, which the computer can understand from

a binary standpoint.

When transmitting data between nodes, the distance between the digital states

dictates how much data can be transmitted within a specific length of time.

Placing the logic 0 and logic 1 states too far apart will create slow throughput

rates. However, if the frequency changes are too close together, it can create

what is known as intersymbol interference (ISI) -- a condition which can cause

errors on the receiving end of the connection. Thus, for maximum throughput

and to prevent ISI, signals should be as close together as possible.

FSK can also operate using more than two binary discrete frequencies. These

are known as multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK). MFSK uses the M-

ary orthogonal modulation technique that can transmit two or more bits

simultaneously.

[manishashahane]

ASK, PSK, FSK technique

ASK:

Amplitude Shift Keying ASK is a type of Amplitude Modulation which represents the binary data in the form of variations in the of a signal. Any modulated signal has a high frequency carrier. The binary signal when ASK modulated, gives a zero value for low input while it gives the carrier output for HIGH input. The Following Picture represents ASK modulated waveform along with its input.The Carrier generator sends a continuous high-frequency carrier. The binary sequence from the message signal makes the unipolar input to be either high or low. The High signal closes the switch, allowing a carrier wave. Hence, the output will be the carrier signal at high input. When there is low input, the switch opens, allowing no voltage to appear. Hence , the output will be low.

PSK:

Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a digital modulation process which conveys data by changing (modulating) the phase of a constant frequency reference signal (the carrier wave). The modulation is accomplished by varying the sine and cosine inputs at a precise time. It is widely used for wireless LANs, RFID and Bluetooth communication. Any digital modulation scheme uses a finite number of distinct signals to represent digital data. PSK uses a finite number of phases, each assigned a unique pattern of binary digits. Usually, each phase encodes an equal number of bits. Each pattern of bits forms the symbol that is represented by the particular phase. The demodulator, which is designed specifically for the symbol-set used by the modulator, determines the phase of the received signal and maps it back to the symbol it represents, thus recovering the original data. This requires the receiver to be able to compare the phase of the received signal to a reference signal – such a system is termed coherent (and referred to as CPSK). CPSK requires a complicated demodulator, because it must extract the reference wave from the received signal and keep track of it, to compare each sample to. Alternatively, the phase shift of each symbol sent can be measured with respect to the phase of the previous symbol sent. Because the symbols are encoded in the difference in phase between successive samples, this is called differential phase-shift keying (DPSK). DPSK can be significantly simpler to implement than ordinary PSK, as it is a 'non- coherent' scheme, i.e. there is no need for the demodulator to keep track of a reference wave. A trade-off is that it has more demodulation errors.

FSK:

Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a method of transmitting digital signals using discrete signals. The two binary states -- logic 0 (low) and 1 (high) in a binary frequency-shift key mechanism -- are each represented by an analog waveform. Logic 0 is represented by a wave at a specific frequency, and logic 1 is represented by a wave at a different frequency. The distance between logic 0 and logic 1 is known as the deviation or shift point. A modem converts the binary data from a computer to FSK for transmission over telephone lines, cables, optical fiber or wireless media. The modem also converts incoming FSK signals to digital low and high states, which the computer can understand from a binary standpoint. When transmitting data between nodes, the distance between the digital states dictates how much data can be transmitted within a specific length of time. Placing the logic 0 and logic 1 states too far apart will create slow throughput rates. However, if the frequency changes are too close together, it can create what is known as intersymbol interference (ISI) -- a condition which can cause errors on the receiving end of the connection. Thus, for maximum throughput and to prevent ISI, signals should be as close together as possible. FSK can also operate using more than two binary discrete frequencies. These are known as multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK). MFSK uses the M- ary orthogonal modulation technique that can transmit two or more bits simultaneously.

[trustchurch]

Fl message fldigi

#Fl message fldigi portable

#Fl message fldigi free

Measure RF receiver frequency skew to atomic clock: WWV or WWVH.

Measure sound card oscillator's skew to atomic clock: WWV or WWVH.

Sound card oscillator frequency/skew correction.

Inbuilt macro language and processor for programmable automated control.

Automatic switching of mode and frequency by use of Reed Solomon Identifier signal identification.

Dual tone multi-frequency ( DTMF) encoding and decoding.

Ability to be used as a KISS modem via TCP/IP port 7342.

Connection to external programs via TCP/IP port 7322.

Support for transmitting and receiving in all languages by using UTF-8 character encoding (some modes).

NBEMS: The narrowband emergency messaging system.

Multiple sound systems are supported by Fldigi, allowing the program to abstract the sound card hardware across differing hardware and operating systems.

#Fl message fldigi portable

The Fldigi software is written in highly portable C/ C++ and can be used on many CPU architectures, including: Because of this, the software can run on many different operating systems such as:Īdditionally, Fldigi is designed to compile and run on any POSIX compliant operating system that uses an X11 compatible window system / graphical user interface. Portability Operating systems įldigi is based on the lightweight portable graphics library FLTK and the C/ C++ language. Transfer of files, emails, and FEMA ICS forms are possible using inexpensive radio hardware. Using this software, it is possible for amateur radio operators to communicate worldwide while using only a few watts of RF power.įldigi software is also used for amateur radio emergency communications when other communication systems fail due to natural disaster or power outage. Increasingly, the software is also being used for data on VHF and UHF frequencies using faster modes such as 8-PSK. Such communications are normally done on the shortwave amateur radio bands in modes such as PSK31, MFSK, RTTY, Olivia, and CW (Morse code). This interconnection creates a "sound card defined radio" whose available bandwidth is limited by the sound card's sample rate and the external radio's bandwidth. The software is mostly used by amateur radio operators who connect the microphone and headphone connections of an amateur radio SSB or FM transceiver to the computer's headphone and microphone connections, respectively.

#Fl message fldigi free

English, Italian, Spanish, French, German, Polish, Dutchįldigi (short for Fast light digital) is a free and open-source program which allows an ordinary computer's sound card to be used as a simple two-way data modem.

[voaradiogram]

Shortwave Radiogram, 14-19 April 2022: Digital modes that are probably not responsible for the temperature swings on Neptune

The Greek government has decided to delay the decision to eliminate shortwave broadcasting from March 31 or May 31.  To help the Greek government in its decision, last week Shortwave Radiogram transmitted Greek text, as a demonstration of radio as a substitute for an increasingly censored and restricted internet. At the bottom of this email, you can see the Greek text received in Greece by our friend Merkouris. Videos of last weekend's Shortwave Radiogram (program 249)  are provided by Scott in Ontario and Frigid RF in Virginia (both Friday 1300 UTC), Merkouris in Greece (Saturday 0230 UTC Greek excerpt),  and Mike R. somewhere in the USA (Sunday 2330 UTC excerpt).  (And see the April meeting of the Palomar Amateur Radio Club in California with a demonstration of Fldigi, using Shortwave Radiogram audio.)  The audio archive is maintained by Mark in the UK. Analysis is prepared by Roger in Germany. Here is the lineup for Shortwave Radiogram, program 252, 14-19 March 2022, in MFSK modes as noted:   1:34  MFSK32: Program preview   2:41  MFSK32: Surprising temperature swings on Neptune*   7:40  MFSK64: Fiber-optic cables through water pipes 12:07  MFSK64: This week's images* 28.10  MFSK32: Closing announcements * with image(s) Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net And visit http://swradiogram.net We're on Twitter now: @SWRadiogram * with image(s) Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net And visit http://swradiogram.net Twitter: @SWRadiogram or https://twitter.com/swradiogram (visit during the weekend to see listeners' results) Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/567099476753304 Shortwave Radiogram Gateway Wiki https://wiki.radioreference.com/index.php/Shortwave_Radiogram_Gateway

Shortwave Radiogram Transmission Schedule

| UTC Day  | UTC Time      | Frequency        | Transmitter       | |----------|---------------|------------------|-------------------| | Thursday | 2330-2400 UTC | 9265 kHz         | WINB Pennsylvania | | Friday   | 1300-1330 UTC | 15770 kHz        | WRMI Florida      | | Friday   | 1500-1530 UTC | 15750 kHz DRM    | WINB Pennsylvania | | Saturday | 0230-0300 UTC | 9265 kHz         | WINB Pennsylvania | | Sunday   | 2330-2400 UTC | 7730 kHz         | WRMI Florida      | | Monday   | 0800-0830 UTC | 5850 7780 kHz    | WRMI Florida      | | Tuesday  | 1430-1500 UTC | 9955 kHz         | WRMI Florida      |

The Mighty KBC transmits to North America Sundays at 0000-0200 UTC (Saturday 8-10 pm EDT) on 5960 kHz, via Germany. A minute of MFSK is at about 0130 UTC.  Reports to Eric: themightykbc@gmail.com . See also http://www.kbcradio.eu/ and https://www.facebook.com/TheMightyKbc/. “This is a Music Show” Most of the show is a music show, but the host transmits some MFSK-64 text and image near the end of the broadcast.  It’s transmitted on WRMI, Thursdays at 0200-0300 UTC on 5850 kHz (Wednesday evening in the Americas). Also look for a waterfall ID at the beginning of the show. thisisamusicshow@gmail.com   www.twitter.com/ThisIsAMusicSho/    @ThisIsAMusicSho   https://thisisamusicshow.com Pop Shop Radio from British Columbia, Canada, includes "a whole variety of pop music, such as records from the 1960s and 1970s that were played on Top-40 radio stations not only in North America but also on offshore radio and stations like Radio Luxembourg." The programs now include some MFSK32 text and an image. Website: popshopradio.ca. Twitter: @popshopradio1  Email: radiopopshop@gmail.com.

Merkouris in Greece received the Greek text and accompanying image, 9 April 2022, 0230-0300 UTC, 9265 kHz from WINB Pennsylvania. See also his video and decode of all the images. ...

[n2qfd]

1-minute of MFSK Mighty KBC Radio + Bonus SSTV PD50

22:30z 5956 kHz G5RV antenna G106 radio Southern Tier NY

[swradiogram]

Shortwave Radiogram, 29 May-4 June 2025 (program 403): Digital modes that might be received in Papua New Guinea

This week's program (403) features "shop news": one story about shortwave broadcasting (domestic, but DXers will receive it internationally), and one about the shutdown of most of the Voice of America. The first is a text item from Radio New Zealand about Papua New Guinea's decision to restore its domestic shortwave broadcasting service, to cover all of that country's remote areas. (I hope they can also find inexpensive but good shortwave receivers for this audience. Many of the cheap shortwave radios these days, generally made in China, are substandard.) The second story is from Deutsche Welle, explaining why the shutdown of VOA is especially bad for audiences in Turkey, where the domestic media are under increased control. It is now up to DW and BBC to provide Turkish-language news from outside. The situation with US international broadcasting is fluid. For VOA, the news is mostly bad. But RFE/RL will receive emergency funding from the EU. I try to keep up with all these events at kaedotcom.bsky.social, which I think you can access even if you don't have a Bluesky account. A video of last week's Shortwave Radiogram (program 344) is provided by Scott in Ontario (Wednesday 1330 UTC). The audio archive is maintained by Mark in the UK. H0b0_Radio in Washington offers an IQ recording. Analysis is provided by Roger in Germany. Here is the lineup for Shortwave Radiogram, program 403, 29 May-4 June 2025, in MFSK modes as noted:  1:42  MFSK32: Program preview  2:55  MFSK32: Papua New Guinea to reintroduce shortwave  5:52  MFSK64: VOA shutdown hits harder in Turkey 11:01  MFSK64: This week's images 24:53  MFSK32: Closing announcements (Ignore the asterisks attached to the two news stories in the transmitted program preview. Those images were cut during final production.) Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net And visit http://swradiogram.net Bluesky: swradiogram.bsky.social or https://swradiogram.bsky.social Twitter: @SWRadiogram or https://twitter.com/swradiogram (visit during the weekend to see listeners’ results) Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/567099476753304 Shortwave Radiogram Gateway Wiki: https://wiki.radioreference.com/index.php/Shortwave_Radiogram_Gateway THE SHORTWAVE RADIOGRAM TRANSMISSION SCHEDULE IS IN THE IMAGE IMMEDIATELY BELOW. IF THE IMAGE DOES NOT DISPLAY FULL WIDTH, CLICK ON IT.

Other Shortwave broadcast programs that include digital text and images include The Mighty KBC, Pop Shop Radio and Radio North Europe International (RNEI). Links to these fine broadcasts, with schedules, are posted here.

Tobias in Germany emailed these results from 24 May 2025, 0230-0300 UTC, 9265 kHz from WINB Pennsylvania ...

[houseofthebattlegenie]

I'm not very familiar with Warhammer lore, but I wonder if there could be multiple versions of the binary cant, using different MFSKs depending on the sound frequency range used for an exchange.

So for example, if you're talking to a human without any enhancements, they have a limited range of frequencies they can hear. But if the listener has some augmentations that increase their hand range, maybe the binary cant could be adapted to be more efficient. I imagine some form of greeting that is a standard word or phrase, that when said in binary cant communicates both how many frequencies the speaker is using (and thus goes many bits each pulse encodes) and also what range of frequencies is being used. Of course, this would require some voice box augmentations to be able to produce said sounds. But if all parties in the conversation are augmented, this variability in frequencies could also be used for stealth, using only notes that are outside the hearing range of those around them

I don't know if any of that makes sense with the way tech priests are depicted in Warhammer, as I'm not very familiar with it, but it seems an interesting aspect to explore

I’m curious how binary cant work for admech since day 1. At first, I thought it’s just high speed alternation in frequencies of sounds to denote 0 and 1, just like how computer cable does with voltage. So I wrote a python script to convert natural language to binary code then to sound based on the idea (so that I can curse in binary in ttrpg). However, since the human auditory cortex can only distinguish sound about 20ms apart, the current commonly used binary coding method (Unicode) that requires 8 bits to encode for one letter (16 bits for one character in Mandarin) would make binary cant less efficient than natural language through the bare ear. As a result, binary cant users not only need vocal implants but also auditory implants to receive info (or perhaps cortex implants to decode). Based on these assumptions, binary cant would be able to happen in sound frequencies not perceivable by the original human cochlea so techpriests conversation can be extremely quiet. And more efficiently, just through data cables.

Or it could be the other way around, scientists might develop more efficient binary language without basing it on the symbol system of natural languages (I’m not that familiar with linguistics so I don’t know if this is possible or not).

However, the sound techpriests made in the game mechanicus doesn’t sound like my assumption. There are definitely more than 2 pitches used in the conversations (which makes it less binary...) and they seem to be faster than natural language. I still couldn’t figure out what’s happening here. Do the twisting pitches actually encode more than one bit? Is binary cant actually an analog signal encoding a digital signal? Or is the sound effect just mean to sound better for the game?

The binary curse program (turn the sound on!):

[airjump]

#THW Bericht in MFSK-128

#THW Bericht in MFSK-128

Leider ohne Bild

[acuarela]

Zelda Orange Sword Sours #sour #agrio #inktober #inktober2021 #sword #espada #31days31drawings #domestikachallenge #domestika #zelda @pvil (en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) https://www.instagram.com/p/CU5uBB-MFsk/?utm_medium=tumblr

[n2qfd]

Tried to copy the Mighty KBC 1min of MFSK using a pocket shortwave receiver. Lot of fade for the simple whip and while directly plugged into the PC mic only got a little of the text transmitted. Might be nice to grab a little higher end unit.

We were under thunderstorms and I didn’t want to risk my main station for lightning so a great experiment.

As VOA is going silent around the world it’s a good time to remember, radio is hard to censor. Having a radio handy is good for weather notices as well. We shouldn’t let our bands go silent. Even in the age of the internet radio is viable and useful.

[swradiogram]

Shortwave Radiogram, 22-28 May 2025 (program 402): Digital modes on their way to Voyager 1

Some audio productions about shortwave radio and international broadcasting have recently "dropped." (Now we have to find a way for them to be transmitted on shortwave.) The Divided Dial series from WNYC Studios' On the Media has two recent episodes about "the untold story of shortwave radio" The Documentary Podcast from the BBC World Service discusses "the damage to independent journalism globally by cuts to USAGM and USAID." On his new Turn Signal podcast, Patrick Sullivan AC3K interviews Steve Herman W7VOA, Chief National Correspondent for Voice of America about VOA and about about the struggle to resume its operations after the Trump Administration shut down VOA on March 15 ("Bloody Saturday").   On this week's Shortwave Radiogram, we begin with a report about the European Union providing emergency funding to Prague-based RFE/RL, because of the Trump Administration's withholding of budget money to that organization. This was reported widely, but I chose a story from Poland's TVP World because of its brevity -- helpful with our MFSK32 mode. (Kari Lake, Trump's lead for US international broadcasting, told NPR "We welcome it. If Radio Free Europe is important for Europe, they can pay for it.") TVP World does a good job of reporting about Poland and Europe, but it seems the BBC believes Poland can use a more independent source of news. BBC will begin its BBC News Polska service -- text and video -- in June. BBC had a Polish service on radio from 1939 to 2005. A video of last week's Shortwave Radiogram (program 401) is provided by Scott in Ontario (Wednesday 1330 UTC). The audio archive is maintained by Mark in the UK. Analysis is provided by Roger in Germany. Here is the lineup for Shortwave Radiogram, program 402, 22-28 May 2025, in MFSK modes as noted:  1:42  MFSK32: Program preview  2:56  MFSK32: EU to provide emergency funds for RFE/RL  5:34  MFSK64: NASA saves Voyager 1 from deep space doom* 11:04  MFSK64: This week's images* 27:55  MFSK32: Closing announcements * with images Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net And visit http://swradiogram.net Bluesky: swradiogram.bsky.social or https://swradiogram.bsky.social Twitter: @SWRadiogram or https://twitter.com/swradiogram (visit during the weekend to see listeners’ results) Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/567099476753304 Shortwave Radiogram Gateway Wiki: https://wiki.radioreference.com/index.php/Shortwave_Radiogram_Gateway THE SHORTWAVE RADIOGRAM TRANSMISSION SCHEDULE IS IN THE IMAGE IMMEDIATELY BELOW. IF THE IMAGE DOES NOT DISPLAY FULL WIDTH, CLICK ON IT.

Other Shortwave broadcast programs that include digital text and images include The Mighty KBC, Pop Shop Radio and Radio North Europe International (RNEI). Links to these fine broadcasts, with schedules, are posted here.

Sporty Porcupine in Alabama received these images, 19 May 2025, 0800-0830 UTC, 5850 kHz gtom WRMI Florida ... 

Results from the Wednesday 1330-1400 UTC broadcast, 15770 kHz from WRMI Florida, received here in Virginia using the $90 (now $100) C Crane CC Skywave 2 portable radio, using a spool antenna out the window, connected via the antenna jack ...

[alchemist-of-life]

Thanks!! It all makes sense! Using MFSK would increase the efficiency exponentially :D and I really love the idea of using musical tones for the hexadecimal cant. The example is also very useful, it's truly making some music! Seems that javascript works better than python to make sounds! I tried really hard to get the pyaudio working and it still didn't provide the best quality of sound.

I’m curious how binary cant work for admech since day 1. At first, I thought it’s just high speed alternation in frequencies of sounds to denote 0 and 1, just like how computer cable does with voltage. So I wrote a python script to convert natural language to binary code then to sound based on the idea (so that I can curse in binary in ttrpg). However, since the human auditory cortex can only distinguish sound about 20ms apart, the current commonly used binary coding method (Unicode) that requires 8 bits to encode for one letter (16 bits for one character in Mandarin) would make binary cant less efficient than natural language through the bare ear. As a result, binary cant users not only need vocal implants but also auditory implants to receive info (or perhaps cortex implants to decode). Based on these assumptions, binary cant would be able to happen in sound frequencies not perceivable by the original human cochlea so techpriests conversation can be extremely quiet. And more efficiently, just through data cables.

Or it could be the other way around, scientists might develop more efficient binary language without basing it on the symbol system of natural languages (I’m not that familiar with linguistics so I don’t know if this is possible or not).

However, the sound techpriests made in the game mechanicus doesn’t sound like my assumption. There are definitely more than 2 pitches used in the conversations (which makes it less binary...) and they seem to be faster than natural language. I still couldn’t figure out what’s happening here. Do the twisting pitches actually encode more than one bit? Is binary cant actually an analog signal encoding a digital signal? Or is the sound effect just mean to sound better for the game?

The binary curse program (turn the sound on!):