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We looked inside some of the posts by albaromeros and here's what we found interesting.
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ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴏʀ ʀᴇʙʟᴏɢ ɪғ ʏᴏᴜ sᴀᴠᴇ; ᴅᴏɴ'ᴛ ʀᴇᴘᴏsᴛ
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do you have any resources on where I can work on grammar?? im amazing with vocab but putting sentences together takes hours for me and I really want to get better at it
For putting together sentences, definitely try Duolingo.
But I’d also recommend the Spanish section of www.conjuguemos.com and www.studyspanish.com/grammar
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Roaring 20s in Spanish 🍾
el Alboroto. ~ Razzle Dazzle (kind of untranslatable)
el Art Deco. Art Deco
el Bar clandestino, tugurio. Speakeasy
el (corte) Bob. Bob cut
el Charlestón. Charleston
el Contrabandista, fayuquero, traficante. Bootlegger
el Entretenimiento. Entertainment
el Escándalo. Scandal
el Espía. Spy
la Estética. Aesthetic
las Flappers. Flappers
el Fonógrafo. Phonograph
el Gramófono. Gramophone
los Guantes largos. Evening gloves
la Histeria. Hysteria
el Jazz. Jazz
Los locos años 20. Roaring 20s
la Novedad, moda. Fad
la Prohibición. Prohibition
la Radio. Radio
el Surrealismo. Surrealism
el Tocadiscos, vitrola. Record player
Arlequinado/a. Harlequin (adj.)
Ferviente. Fervent
Ilegal. Illegal
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When do you use the personal pronoun "a?" I've seen it before the word mi and others but I don't know why it's there
The personal pronoun a, also called “personal a” (by me in things I do) is used when your object is an animate object. You see it used with most verbs that can apply to humans/animals, particularly with direct objects and reflexive verbs. The a does show up with indirect objects, though it’s a little bit different linguistically so I’ll touch on that a little bit.
A brief rundown of what objects are:
Subject verbs an object.
The object is the recipient of an action, and when you talk about direct objects, they receive the action itself.
For example:
Pateo la pelota. = I kick the ball.
The “I” is the subject, “kick” is the verb, and “ball” is the object.
Where it becomes a little more particular is when your object is actually a person or animal… generally it’s any living thing, but specifically people. Some people don’t use the personal a with animals except pets, which shows more affection and attachment to a pet…. as in dar de comer al perro “to feed the dog”, dar de comer al gato “to feed the cat”, or dar de comer a las mascotas “to feed pets”
So instead of the “ball” say it’s “I kick my sister”:
Pateo a mi hermana. = I kick my sister.
“my sister” is the object, but it’s a person now, so you add the a to make sure people know it’s a person.
The same sort of thing exists for a lot of verbs that can take people or inanimate objects; buscar, esperar, conocer, querer, amar, encontrar, golpear, castigar, dañar, hacer, ver, invitar, visitar, matar, juzgar, herir, perseguir, criticar, defender, proteger, acosar, llamar… and many other verbs
They sometimes show up with direct object pronouns me, te, lo/la, los/las, nos, os but the premise is still the same, the personal a goes in front of the object that is a person.
They also sometimes exist with reflexive verbs, but that’s almost entirely done for emphasis since it’s usually clear who the person and object are in reflexives.
Conozco a ella. = I know her.La conozco. = I know her.
Conozco a él. = I know him.Lo conozco. = I know him.
Puedo ver a tu abuelo. = I can see your grandfather.Puedo ver a tu prima. = I can see your cousin (f).Puedo verte (a ti). = I can see you.
Lo quiero a él. = I love him.La quiero a ella. = I love her.
Llamo a mi jefe. = I’m calling my boss.Llamo a mi jefa. = I’m calling my boss (f).Llamo a la policía. = I’m calling the police.Llamo a los bomberos. = I’m calling the firefighters.Llamo al hospital. = I’m calling the hospital.Llamo a los médicos. = I’m calling the doctors.Llamo a una ambulancia. = I’m calling an ambulance.
Estoy buscando a tu padre. = I’m looking for your father.Busco a tu padre. = I’m looking for your father. / I look for your father.Encontré a tu padre. = I found your father.
Espero a tu madre. = I’m waiting for your mother. / I’m expecting your mother.
No quiero juzgar a nadie. = I don’t want to judge anyone.Es fácil juzgar a la gente. = It’s easy to judge people.
Ayuda al gobierno. = It helps the government.Ayuda a la sociedad. = It helps society.Ayuda a la policía. = It helps the police.Ayuda a los refugiados. = It helps refugees.Ayuda a los pacientes. = It helps patients.Ayuda a los demás. = It helps (the) others.Ayuda a todos los demás. = It helps everyone else.
Castiga al pueblo. = It punishes the people/community/town.Castiga a las mujeres. = It punishes women.Castiga a la gente. = It punishes people.Castiga a muchas personas. = It punishes a lot of people.Castiga a poca gente. = It punishes very few people.Castiga a la comunidad. = It punishes the community.Castiga a todos. = It punishes everyone.Castiga a todo el mundo. = It punishes everyone. [more general, lit. “the whole world”]Nos castiga a todos. = It punishes all of us. / It punishes us all.
Otorga el derecho a la gente. = It grants people the right.Otorga el derecho a las mujeres al votar. = It grants women the right to vote.[el derecho a hacer algo is “the right to do something”, so it’s al votar because of that; an entirely separate function of a]
¡Cómo te atreves a hacerme esto a mí! = How dare you do this to me!
No te engañes a ti mismo/a. = Don’t fool yourself. / Don’t lie to yourself.
Se miente a sí mismo. = He’s lying to himself.Se miente a sí misma. = She’s lying to herself.El equipo se miente a sí mismo. = The team is lying to themselves.La gente se miente a sí misma. = People lie to themselves.
Me traiciono a mí mismo/a. = I’m betraying myself.Te traicionas a ti mismo/a. = You’re betraying yourself.Se traiciona a sí mismo. = He’s betraying himself himself.Se traiciona a sí misma. = She’s betraying herself herself.Se traicionan a sí mismos. = They’re betraying themselves.Se traicionan a sí mismas. = They’re (f) betraying themselves.Nos traicionamos a nosotros mismos. = We’re betraying ourselves.Nos traicionamos a nosotras mismas. = We’re (f) betraying ourselves.
With some inanimate objects, the a isn’t always included. It gets included when it’s understood as particularly strong.
salvar el mundo = to save the world [not as strong]salvar al mundo = to save the world [stronger, and more common]
dañar la reputación = to damage (someone’s) reputationdañar a la reputación = to damage (someone’s) reputation [stronger]
This also applies to brand names, cities, and countries and other proper nouns
Barcelona derrota a Madrid. = Barcelona defeats Madrid.Madrid derrota a Barcelona. = Madrid defeats Barcelona.
Brasil ayuda a Argentina. = Brazil helps Argentina.Argentina ayuda a Brasil. = Argentina helps Brazil.
Desafía a Google. = He/She/It is defying Google.Elogia a Google. = He/She/It is praising Google.
With indirect objects, the a is a little bit different grammatically. Indirect objects show to whom or for whom something is done, so the a doesn’t really mark someone as the person who is experiencing the action of a result… for indirect objects, it’s showing to whom something was directed.
This makes more sense for verbs like mandar, enviar, corresponder, dar and the a is used in cases where the recipient isn’t obvious, or when it is obvious it comes across as very emphatic.
A quien corresponda… = To whom it concerns…
Me lo mandas (a mí). = You’re sending it to me. [a mí is “to ME” and very clear emphasis]
Te lo mando (a ti). = I’m sending it to you. [a ti is “to YOU” as in specification or clarification]
In the last two examples, these make more sense contextually if you think about it like two people talking and it’s like, “Who do I send this to again?” “You send it to ME”
Otherwise, te lo mando “I’m sending it to you” makes perfect sense on its own. Saying te lo mando a ti is like “I’m sending it to YOU” like someone asked or was unclear about something.
It becomes more necessary to specify when you deal with indirect objects + direct objects with 3rd person: se lo doy “I’m giving it to him/her/you/them”… because it could literally apply to anyone. Saying se lo doy a ellos is “I’m giving it to them”, or se lo doy a ella is “I’m giving it to her”… this helps you clarify who your intended recipient actually is.
Along the same lines, you have verbs that work like gustar which usually get translated a little differently; gustar is “to like” but more literally it’s “to please”, and the a is used as emphasis or clarification in the same way:
Me gusta el libro. = I like the book. [lit. “the book pleases me”]A mí me gusta el libro. = I’m the one who likes the book.
Te gustan los libros. = You like the books. [lit. “the books please you”]A ti te gustan los libros. = You’re the one who likes the books.
These make more sense in context, like if you have to correct someone or you’re being specific like:
-¿A quién le importa? = Who cares?-¡A mí me importa! / ¡A mí! = I care! / I do!
-¿A tu familia no le gusta la comida china? = Your family doesn’t like Chinese food?-A mis padres no, pero a mí sí. = My parents don’t, but I do.
…But these aren’t really the personal a. These are just other functions of a to show who the recipient of an action is.
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Romanticism in Spanish 🌹
This list is made of some of the magical literary words of the era ✨Listen while studying
la Afinidad. Affinity
la Alusión. Allusion
la Anomalía. Anomaly
la Animadversión. Animadversion
la Apatía. Apathy
el Aposento; la Cámara. Chamber
la Arpía. Baggage (inmoral woman)
el Bálsamo, ungüento. Balm
la Bendición. Boon
el/la Benefactor/a. Benefactor
la Caballerosidad, cortesía, galantería. Gallantry
el Capricho, antojo. Vagary
la Conducta; el Comportamiento. Demeanor
el Decoro. Decorum
el Deleite. Relish
la Discordancia, desacuerdo, desavenencia. Discord
el Escándalo, estrépito, estridencia. Din
el Escondrijo, recoveco. Nook
la Guarida. Lair
la Hidromiel. Mead
la Hondonada. Dell
los Honorarios. Emoluments
la Inclinación, propensión, disposición. Disposition
la Iniquidad, inmoralidad. Iniquity
la Integridad. Integrity
el Lamento. Lament
el/la Libertino/a. Libertine
la Locura, demencia. Lunacy
la Melancolía. Melancholy
la Metedura / Metida de pata. Blunder
el Nepente. Nepenthe
el Pagano/a; el/la Hereje. Pagan
la Peregrinación; el Peregrinaje. Pilgrimage
la Purga. Purge
el Rango. Rank
la Resignación. Resignation
la Reverencia. Bow, curtsey, reverence
la Sanción. Sanction
el Semblante, el Rostro; la Cara. Visage (face)
la Semblanza. Semblance
el/la Solitario/a, ermitaño/a. Recluse
la Tempestad. Tempest
la Truculencia. Truculence
Adjectives
Alegre, jovial. Blithe
Ancestral. Ancestral
Colosal, Descomunal. Colossal
Ferviente. Zealous
Inescrutable. Inscrutable
Infame. Infamous
Irreprochable. Irreproachable
Latente. Latent
Lúgubre, desolador/a. Bleak
Perenne. Perennial
Perpetuo/a. Perpetual
Pintoresco/a, evocador/a. Quaint
Sagaz. Sagacious
Sórdido, Despreciable. Sordid
Sublime. Sublime
Turbulento/a. Turbulent
Venerable. Venerable
Verbs
Conjeturar / Suponer. To surmise
Deliberar. To deliberate
Especular. To speculate
Implorar. To implore
Importunar. To importune
Preponderar. To preponderate
my vocab lists ✨ literature ✨ history ✨ request here
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Tarot Cards in Spanish 🔮
Listen while studying ✨
El loco. The Fool
El mago / El malabarista. The Magician
La Gran Sacerdotisa / La Papisa. The High Priestess
La Emperatriz. The Empress
El Emperador. The Emperor
El Hierofante / El Papa / El Sumo Sacerdote. The Hierophant
Los enamorados / Los amantes. The Lovers
El Carro. The Chariot
La Fuerza. Strength
El Ermitaño. The Hermit
La Rueda de la Fortuna. Wheel of Fortune
La Justicia. Justice
El Ahorcado. The Hanged Man
La Muerte / El Arcano sin Nombre. Death
La Templanza. Temperance
El Diablo. The Devil
La Torre. The Tower
La Estrella. The Star
La Luna. The Moon
El Sol. The Sun
El Juicio. Judgement
El Mundo / El Universo. The World
my vocab lists ✨ magia ✨ fantasía ✨pociones ✨ request here
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Spanish verbs + “DE”
Many Spanish verbs need the preposition “de”, here you have a list (there’re more).
quejarse de (to complain about)
tener miedo de (to be afraid of)
reírse de (to laugh at)
alegrarse de (to cheer up)
asustarse de (to get frightened)
acordarse de (to remember)
deshacerse de (to get rid of)
abstenerse de (to abstain from)
burlase de (to make fun of)
cuidar de (take care of)
escapar de (to escape from)
sospechar de (to suspect)
avergonzarse de (to be ashamed of)
olvidarse de (to forget about)
preocuparse de (to worry about)
cansarse/estar cansado de (to get/be tired of)
carecer de (to lack)
estar al cargo de (to be in charge of)
prescindir de (to do without, to neglect)
tratar de (to try to do sth.)
acusar de (to accuse)
llegar de (to come from)
ser de (to be from)
huir de (to run away from)
acabar de/terminar de (to finish doing sth.)
divorciarse (to get divorced)
enamorarse de (to fall in love with)
cesar de (to stop doing sth.)
despedirse de (to say goodbye)
dudar de (to doubt about)
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las chicas del cable headers
like if u save
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since this “latinx or latine” discussion is getting attention again, i’d like to point out that it’s important to know how disabled people feel about it, and why you should consider using “e” instead of “x” for making gendered words neutral.
basically, a blind brazilian and anti-ableism blogger first spoke about this issue in january 2015, claiming that words such as “latinx” and “bonitx” are actually anything but inclusive, since visually impaired people can’t understand what you’re saying, because their reading-out-loud softwares can’t pronounce these words. she then suggests that using “e” as a neutral term can be way more inclusive both to nonbinary and visually impaired people (ex.: latine, bonite). she also states that you can be neutral without using “ela” or “ele” by using instead “a pessoa/that person” or simply using the person’s name.
she stills talks about this issue on her page to this day, as well as many of other anti-ableism activists on facebook, and they ask us to spread the word by sharing their posts - so as a non-disabled person, that’s what i’m doing. i hope this helps!
other articles about this topic: [x], [x]
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*traduzco mis publicaciones tristes a la lengua meta* estudiar
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