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I decided to add mintiture people to my landscape as I feel it would make it more interesting. I’ve done research into previous African wars and I wanted to reenact a battle scenario using miniature Zulu. I hand painted each soldier and Zulu but sadly you can’t see the details.

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Inspiration

New Jersey-based diorama artist Matthew Albanese creates fascinating landscape photos out of meticulously detailed small scale models. Clever photography techniques involving scale, depth of field and lighting combined with innovative use of various materials help create these breathtaking images.

Tile grout, cotton, glass, plexi, red phosphorous ink, six 60 watt bulbs & fake fog were used to create this model.

Steel wool and cotton were hung to create the tornado.

The surface of the ocean is made of cooked sugar poured on top of crinkled foil.

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I went outside and collected twigs and other cool looking grubs which I thought would look good. I didn’t use the majority of the twigs I collected, but just a little because I didn’t want to move from the desert. The little pieces of Supersculpy is me trying to build sandbags but it sadly didn’t work because the pieces are just too small, making them too awkward to work with.

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Landscape videos/ reference photos

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To bring my landscape together I used mud roc but I sadly didn’t get any photos of the process. Once applying the mud roc, I painted the terrain with yellow base which was a bad mistake but once I’ve applied the same you shouldn’t be able to see the paint. For the sand I used a spray bottle full of water and PVA glue to help it settle. Once applied the the glue I set a layer of sand, I left it for a couple of hours to dry until I apply the next layer of sand. I kept on doing this until I couldn’t see the paint and it almost look realistic. For the path I bought a Gravel Turf from model junction an applied small amounts in a row to make it look like a path, also a little on the platform.

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This is the beginning of my landscape, I’ve chosen to make a dessert scene as it’s cheaper and easier to make as I’m lacking in time. I started by making a 50cm by 30cm platform with two small slabs of wood at the back to prop my models on. I needed to give my landscape some curves to make it look more interesting so I used chicken wire and newspaper to give form. I originally planned to use a nail gun to hold down the wire, but as I couldn’t find any nail gun I just applied nails and bended them to hold the wire. Using the pliers I trimmed the edges of the wire to prevent anyone hurting themselves.

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British Armed forces

The British Armed Forces are the military services responsible for the defence of the United Kingdom, its overseas territories and the Crown dependencies. They also promote Britain's wider interests, support international peacekeeping efforts and provide humanitarian aid.

Since the formation of a Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707 (later succeeded by the United Kingdom),the armed forces have seen action in a number of major wars involving the world's great powers, including the Seven Years' War, the Napoleonic Wars, the Crimean War, the First World War, and the Second World War. Repeatedly emerging victorious from conflicts has allowed Britain to establish itself as one of the world's leading military and economic powers.

Today, the British Armed Forces consist of: the Royal Navy, a blue-water navy with a fleet of 77 commissioned ships; the Royal Marines, a highly specialised amphibious light infantry force; the British Army, the UK's principal land warfare branch; and the Royal Air Force, a technologically sophisticated air force with a diverse operational fleet consisting of both fixed-wing and rotary aircraft. The British Armed Forces include standing forces, Regular Reserve, Volunteer Reserves and Sponsored Reserves. The Commander-in-chief of the British Armed Forces is the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, to whom members of the forces swear allegiance.

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British Military outposts

Overseas military bases of the United Kingdom enable the British Armed Forces to conduct expeditionary warfare. Bases tend to be located in or near areas of strategic or diplomatic importance, often used for the build-up or resupply of military forces, as was seen during the 1982 Falklands War and the use of RAF Ascension Island as a staging post. Most of the bases are located on British Overseas Territories or former colonies which retain close diplomatic ties with the UK.

In total, the UK has 16 overseas military bases, second only to the United States. They often have been used by its allies, predominantly the US. A number of military operations would not have been possible without the strategic island of Diego Garcia in British Indian Ocean Territory. It was used for major operations during the War on Terror,

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Types of sand

Nine sand samples above represent nine different sand types. Row by row from left to right: 1. Glass sand from Kauai, Hawaii 2. Dune sand from the Gobi Desert, Mongolia 3. Quartz sand with green glauconite from Estonia 4. Volcanic sand with reddish weathered basalt from Maui, Hawaii 5. Biogenic coral sand from Molokai, Hawaii 6. Coral pink sand dunes from Utah 7. Volcanic glass sand from California 8. Garnet sand from Emerald Creek, Idaho 9. Olivine sand from Papakolea, Hawaii.

Pit sand : Pit sand is a natural sand. It is collected from the ground by digging a pit. The pit's depth is about 1m - 2m from ground level. Due to its superior binding quality it is widely used in civil construction.

River Sand: It is also a natural sand. It is obtained from river bed or river bank. River sand is available in clean condition and can widely be used for all-purpose of construction activities like plastering and concreting.

Sea sand: This type of sand is obtained from sea-shore. Due to availability of salt, sea sand is not normally used for construction. If you want to use them it should be throughly washed out.

Artificial Sand: It is an effective alternative to river sand. It is produced by crushing either basalt rock or granite. It is well graded and a coarse-type sand.

Fine Sand: Sand passing through the 1.5875 mm sieve is called Fine sand. We mainly use this for plastering purpose.

Coarse Sand: Thhis sand is passing through the 3.175 mm sieve is called coarse sand. It is mainly used for masonry work.

Gravelly Sand: The sand which is passing through the 7.62 mm sieve is called gravelly sand. It is used for concrete work.

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Building a model landscape

I’ve looked into a couple websites trying to find the best one to teach me on how to make a appealing model landscape. After relentless hours of research I’ve concluded this is the best website, as it lists multiple tools, equipment and other materials needed to create a amazing landscape. It’s sadly not very affordable.

https://woodlandscenics.woodlandscenics.com/show/category/TerrainAndLandscaping

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Aircraft Art

The golden age of airplane nose art came in World War II, when WWII aircraft art was in practice by both Axis and Allied airplanes. WWII aircraft art was done by professional civilian artists, talented amateur servicemen, and even Disney.

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This is me just taking photos of my second model in awkward positions. I sadly didn’t have an actual camera to get quality photos. Also when photographing my model they didn’t stand up straight and retain there structure, so within some photos you can see my had trying to hold the model straight. My favourite photo is the one of him reaching out his arm, due to it’s refined detail and scale and length of his arm and hand. I tried to keep the lighting dark on the model, because I didn’t want you to see the awful paint job and parts falling off.

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How did we conquer the world?

the end of the 19th century Britain’s position as the world's greatest imperialist power was uncontested, and the expression "the sun never sets on the British Empire" was coined – meaning, literally, there was always some part of the empire on which the sun was shining, and, figuratively, that the empire would never end. One can understand the thought – after all, between 1880 and 1900 new colonies were added to the empire, and the population of the empire had grown by a third. Through its colonies and dominions, Britain exercised authority over one fifth of the world's entire population.

How did Britain manage to acquire such an empire? It is a complicated story and there are no easy “reasons” or “causes”. One thing is certain: at no time did the government in London sit down and look at a map of the world and say “We want that…and tha that.” Instead, the empire grew in fits and starts. Three basic factors made it possible: people, skills, and resources.

The people who built the empire often did not mean to they were simply involved in a whole range of activities which took them overseas to new lands. Explorers explored. Traders traded. Ship-owners and sailors carried trade to and from harbours all over the world. Britain was the world’s leading trader, and even after about 1870 when the USA and Germany had overtaken Britain as industrial nations, Britain continued to be the world’s leading trading nation. Bankers invested money in trading projects. Above all, people emigrated. From 1800 to 1900 Britain’s own population increased fourfold. Earlier, it was feared that emigration might deprive Britain of the people it needed. No one worried about this with such a huge population increase at home. Between 1815 and 1880, about 12 million Britons emigrated, most of them either to British colonies or to the USA.

The skills were primarily sailing skills, financial skills, medical skills and technological skills. Sailing skills made it possible to reach places all over the world. Financial skills allowed the City of London to lend money to traders and others. Medical skills reduced the dangers of tropical diseases. Technological skills – notably the production of trains, steamships and underwater and overland telegraph – shortened distances that had once seemed unmanageable.

https://access-socialstudies.cappelendamm.no/c316302/tekstoppgave/vis.html?tid=368510&strukt_tid=316302

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South African Wars

Ethnic, political and social tensions among European colonial powers, indigenous Africans, and English and Dutch settlers led to open conflict in a series of wars and revolts between 1879 and 1915 that would have lasting repercussions on the entire region of southern Africa. Pursuit of commercial empire as well as individual aspirations, especially after the discovery of diamonds (1867) and gold (1886), were key factors driving these developments.

The various wars of this era are usually studied separately, as independent conflicts. They include the first and second Anglo,Boer War, the Anglo-Zulu War, the Basotho Gun War, the 9th Frontier War and others. However it is instructive also to see them as outbreaks in a far larger wave of change and conflict affecting the subcontinent beginning with the "Confederation Wars" of the 1870s and 80s escalating with the rise of Cecil Rhodes and the struggle for control of gold and diamond resources; and leading up to the Second Anglo-Boer War and the Union of South Africa in 1910.

Ive chosen to research further into the frequent wars against the African tribes as I could recreate a scene for my final show. I feel it could be cheaper and also be more effective.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Wars_(1879–1915)

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South Africa

South Africa, the southernmost country on the African continent, renowned for its varied topography, great natural beauty, and cultural diversity, all of which have made the country a favoured destination for travelers since the legal ending of apartheid in 1994.

South Africa’s remoteness it lies thousands of miles distant from major African cities such as Lagos and Cairo and more than 6,000 miles (10,000 km) away from most of Europe, North America, and eastern Asia, where its major trading partners are located helped reinforce the official system of apartheid for a large part of the 20th century. With that system, the government, controlled by the minority white population, enforced segregation between government-defined races in housing, education, and virtually all spheres of life, creating in effect three nations: one of whites (consisting of peoples primarily of British and Dutch [Boer] ancestry, who struggled for generations to gain political supremacy, a struggle that reached its violent apex with the South African War of 1899–1902.

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Nambia vegetation

About 60% of Namibia consists of Savannah and the balance is divided between types of desert and woodland. Savannah dominates the highlands and desert, the Namib. Both Savannah and woodland are found in the Kalahari.

Woodland is confined to the north and north-east, where rainfall is heaviest, and to river courses in the drier parts of the country where they form so-called `linear oases’. With annual plants, largely grasses, as the dominant form of plant life, the major part of the Namib constitutes the desert biome. This is the only part of Southern Africa designated as such. Its southern end, where rain falls mainly in winter and roughly between Luderitz and the Orange river, form part of another biome - the succulent Karoo - with dwarf succulents as the dominant plants.

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The desert geology consists of sand seas near the coast, while gravel plains and scattered mountain outcrops occur further inland. The sand dunes, some of which are 300 metres (980 ft) high and span 32 kilometres (20 mi) long, are the second largest in the world. The Namib is a coastal desert in southern Africa. The name Namib is of Nama origin and means "vast place". According to the broadest definition, the Namib stretches for more than 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) along the Atlantic coasts of Angola, Namibia, and South Africa, extending southward from the Carunjamba River in Angola, through Namibia and to the Olifants River in Western Cape, South Africa. I’ve chosen to make a desert because I can’t afford to make a farm, due to lack of materials and equipment I can’t make the farm.