cal-studies

[cal-studies]

That’s a question I asked myself many times. So I spent a lot of time on blogs and websites telling me that you can’t name an exactly number. Of course you can’t but I was just searching for an “around this” number. Everyone knows that there is no magical number like 1000 and then you’ll speak your target language but with 999 you wouldn’t. I just wanted “around this” numbers to be motivated, to have a goal, to have a direction I can keep in mind.  It was a pain in the ass to get an answer to this. And I want to share it with you guys, so you don’t have to waste your time on several blogs and giant textwalls to get just a little bit closer to this answer. Don’t forget these are just “around this” numbers and it’s very(!) important that you also use them and SPEAK your target language.  _______________________________________  100 most common words make up 50% of conversations.

300 most common words make up 65% of conversations.

2.000 most common words make up 90% of conversations. _______________________________________ What are the different levels of a language?

A1: 500 words A2: 1.000 words

B1: 2.000 words B2: 4.000 words

C1: 8.000 words C2: 16.000 words _______________________________________

And here a little bit detailed:

250 words - without these words, you can’t make a sentence.

750 words - is needed for everyday conversations.

2.500 words - will allow you to say most things you want, but sometimes in an awkward way.

5.000 words - is an active vocabulary of a (not high educated) native speaker.

10.000 words - is an active vocabulary of a (high educated) native speaker.

20.000 words - is needed in your passive vocabulary to fully understand work of literature by a notable author.

[cal-studies]

If anyone is interested in learning mathematics!

First a great resource to start learning most fields but especially mathematics is Khan Academy It has courses in: Early math, arithmetic, pre-algebra, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, intro to statistics, precalculus, calculus, multivariable calculus, differential equations, and linear algebra. 

Here also gives you a great set of resources for you to learn beginning mathematics Heres a nice calculator to check your work: Wolfram Alpha

However if you learn better by reading books I’ll link a few pdfs for a couple of fields, these are mostly introductory books and notes.

Pre-algebra: here

Algebra: here

Geometry: here

Trigonometry: here, 

Calculus and Multivariable Calculus: here 

Differential Equations: here

Linear Algebra: here, here, 

Intro to Proof: here, here, here, 

Set Theory: here, 

Logic: here

Category Theory: here

Group Theory: here 

Intro to Abstract Algebra: here

Commutative Ring Theory: here

Intro to Combinatorics and Graph Theory: here

Intro to Algebraic Topology: here

Intro to Topology: here, here, 

Convex Geometry: here

Discrete Geometry: here here

Differential Geometry: here

Manifolds: here

Intro to Analysis: here

Intro to Real Analysis: here

Complex Analysis: here

Elementary Number Theory: here

Feel free to add to this with more pdfs for mathematics and more resources to learn!

[cal-studies]

Do you have any Arabic resources for beginners?

Textbooks & PDFs:

Al-Kitaab 3rd Edition

Arabic Grammar in Context

Arabic Grammar Tables

Arabic Plural System

Build Your Arabic Vocabulary

Easy Arabic Grammar

Easy Arabic Reader

Ultimate Arabic Beginner-Intermediate (what I use)

Websites:

Huruf extension to make font bigger [Chrome] [Firefox]

ACON Verb Conjugator

Al Jazeera Learn Arabic

Arabic Without Walls

Gateways to Arabic Videos

Glossika (use the free trial)

Khallina

Language Transfer Course

Learn Arabic with Maha Videos

Madinah Arabic

Talk in Arabic

UT Austin Listening Materials

Dictionaries:

Almaany

Forvo

Hans Wehr

Lughatuna

Other:

Apps

Alphabet Resources

Podcasts

[cal-studies]

100 Days of Productivity [17-19/100]:  Keep Going, Keep Going

Ignore my very messy basement office. Many of my pictures aren’t as cute as other Studyblrs, but it’s ok. Work is work, with or without a sexy latte. 

Day 17, 18, + 19:

Freelance Work: Finished two freelance projects.

Coding: Watched a few more tutorials by Traversy Media. I’m moving forward with Javascript, so I’m trying to look at Vanilla Javascript, jQuery, and React! 

French: always learning! I added 10 more words to my Quizlet set. I like to study these a few times throughout the week. 

I’ve attached some notes that I’ve taken from the past few days :

*Document Object Model: looking at how to use Javascript to manipulate the DOM

*Some notes from the Book: You Don’t Know JS - Up &  Going by Kyle Simpson 

Happy studying and learning everyone! May your weekend be productive. 

[cal-studies]

OH MY GOD whyyyy did no one tell me you’re supposed to send thank-yous after interviews?? Why would I do that???

“Thank you for this incredibly stressful 30 minutes that I have had to re-structure my entire day around and which will give me anxiety poos for the next 24 hours.”

I HATE ETIQUETTE IT’S THE MOST IMPOSSIBLE THING FOR ME TO LEARN WITHOUT SOMEONE DIRECTLY TELLING ME THIS SHIT

[cal-studies]

[cal-studies]

A compilation of chrome extensions and iOS + Android apps (some are paid and some are free)  °☆.。.:*・°☆

| For your computer |

fliqlo

momentum

lanes

clarity

embark

minimal clock

infinity

currently

polar clock

caffeine

f.lux

be limitless

leoh

dream afar

| For your note taking |

evernote

onenote

simplenote

somnote

iNotes

notability

notes plus

google keep

quip

inkflow visual notebook

jot

good notes

noteshelf

| For your to-do lists | 

wunderlist 

moo.do

todoist

habitica

trello

any.do 

priority matrix

do

glass planner

swipes

timetune

| For your planners + calendars |

myStudyLife

myHomework

sunrise calendar

google calendar

plan

sol calendar

| For your timing + focus | 

tide

forest

pomotodo

flat tomato

pomello

pomodrone

clearfocus 

tomato timer 

30/30

focusnow

tasks and measures

self control

stayfocusd

timewarp

cold turkey

atimelogger

writer’s block

| For your presentations |

prezi

powerpoint

emaze

raw shorts

powtoon

| For your storage | 

google drive

dropbox

| For your mindmaps + diagrams | 

mindmeister

lucidchart

goconqr

gliffy

google drawings

| For your tests + flashcards | 

goconqr

quizlet

flashcards+

anki

| For your writings | 

zotero

grammarly

hemingway

| For your health |

fabulous

plant nanny

safetrek

sleep bot

sleep better

to bed

nike + running

waterlogged

period tracker

weight loss coach

health mapper

medisafe

| For your inner peace  | 

stop, breathe & think

headspace

pacifica

noisli

sleepio

infinite storm

relax melodies

calm

sam

thunderspace

mindshift

taomix

i am

pillow

binaural

[cal-studies]

HTML cheat-sheet with some of the main HTML strings used on Tumblr themes, and others.

[cal-studies]

[cal-studies]

Masterlist

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Basic - 기본 ♡ Hangul - 한글 (한국어 알파벳) ♡ Korean Numbers -  한국어 번호 ♡ Calendar -  달력

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Vocab - 어휘 ♡ Christmas - 크리스마스 ♡ New Year -  새해 ♡ Grocery Shopping - 식료품 쇼핑 ♡ Korean Onomatopoeia -  한국어 의성어 ♡ Clothes - 옷 ♡ Animals - 동물들 ♡ Idol Phrases - 관용구 ♡ Fruit - 과일 ♡ Veggies - 채소 ♡ Spring - 봄 ♡ Body - 몸 ♡ Family - 가족 ♡ Korean Slang / Shortened Expressions ♡ LGBT+ Vocab - 엘지비티 ♡ Korean Homonyms - 한국어 이의어 ♡ Summer Vocab - 여름 어휘 ♡ Birthday Vocab - 생일 어휘

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Korean Culture - 한국 문화 ♡ Korean Age - 한국 나이 ♡ 안녕하세요 vs 여보세요 ♡ Shoulders in Korea  ♡ Batchim - 받침 ♡ 당신 vs 너

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Grammar - 문법 ♡ Conjugation - 동사  ♡ Particles -  문법적 입자 ♡ Counters -  복수형 

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Helpful Asks - 질문들 ♡ FAQ ♡ 이다 Conjugation ♡ “Is this right?” Korean Translation ♡ “How are you?” Korean Translation ♡ 이에요 / 입니다 Uses and Rules ♡ 행복하다 - meaning ♡ 난 네 블로그를 사랑해 - I love your blog ♡ Why did he say 언니??  ♡ Korean Spacing ♡ Am I a Koreaboo? ♡ Why is it -서 instead of -고? ♡ Korean Texting Abbreviations ♡ Sentence Structure ♡ Gender Neutral Korean Titles ♡ Difference between 저/제/저의 and 나/너/나의 How To: ♡ Staying Motivated / Focused ♡ Study Grammar! ♡ Improve Handwriting ♡ Improve Pronunciation ♡ Not Struggle with Hangul Recommended: ♡ Textbooks ♡ Apps ♡ Websites ♡ Tips for Beginners ♡ Webtoons

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About Me ♡ Introduction -  자기 소개 ♡ 깜작이야 vs 감자탕 ♡ How I got my Korean Name ♡ My Study Routine ♡ My Face ♡ SK101 IG & TWITTER ♡ 10k Follower Special - About Me

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╭─━━━━━━━━━━━━─╮

Reading Comprehension ♡ Little Red Riding Hood - 빨간 모자        Part 1 || Part 2 || Part 3 || Part 4 ♡ Diary - 일기        Part 1 || Part 2 ♡ My Friend Jiyeon        Part 1 || Part 2

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under construction constantly

[cal-studies]

hi everyone! since the holidays are over for most of us, i thought i’d make an inspirational and motivational masterpost all about notes! upgrading your notes by changing the layout, adding doodles, banners, using sticky notes, changing your handwriting etc. motivates me personally to study! 

out with the sloppy last minute notes and in with the new!

handwriting

how to write in cursive

some fonts to try out

how to improve your handwriting

note taking systems

study methods summed up

stationery to make it all happen

sticker printables to jazz it up

notes

how to take lecture notes

how to annotate books

taking notes from a textbook - studyign

note taking system - theorganisedstudent

note taking system - emmastudies

another note taking system - academicmind

another note taking system - wonderfullifee

the 2 notebook method

note taking with highlighters and post its

pretty timelines

note taking printables

plot summary with sticky notes

20 uses of sticky notes

colour code your notes

method with columns 

the cornell note taking system

the cornell note taking system using onenote

in class notes

another in class note taking format

what are sketchnotes?

online whiteboard

flashcards

how to make flashcards

another how to make flashcards

an example

another example (with sticky notes)

and another example (biology)

8 ways to improve your flashcards

make  and test flashcards online

alternative to flashcards - studyign

print onto flashcards

mindmaps

how to mindmap (1)

how to mindmap (2)

some examples

apps

notability

banners

simple banner

more banners

it’s a banner party over here

banners (shown how to draw in gifs)

illustrate your notes

how to illustrate your notes - reviseordie

sketchnote tips (banners, lettering, doodles)

more sketchnote tips

even more sketchnote tips

how to make your notes pretty - theorganisedstudent

how to make your notes pretty - studyspoinspo

how to make your notes pretty - booksflowersandtea

what is visual note taking?

a visual alphabet

note taking printables

dot grid 

note outline printables

lined cornell method printable

grid cornell method printable

hope you all had a good rest and are ready for a new year of studying!

xoxo lou

[cal-studies]

apps to download for school 📚 📱

camscanner: will scan your notes beautifully for you to save and convert them to PDF! includes adjustable settings and filters.

adobe acrobat reader: pdf reader that i personally really love, has a night mode and works offline perfectly.

school (yes that is what it is called): planner app that comes with a timetable and will inform you of when your next class ends/begins, and has a homework section. on top of having a lovely theme, this app also includes a handbook that includes what are essentially “cheats” to your schoolwork & they are immensely helpful! a very multifaceted planner.

minimalist: another planner app! this one is solely a planner app and is really nice and minimalistic. i personally use it for school projects that have a lot of steps, as well as at home things

ike: this one is really clever! it organizes your tasks by “important & urgent, important but not urgent, urgent but not important” and “not important or urgent”. it also will remind you of tasks at the date you assign them with a notification.

goodtime: this app times both your work sessions and your break times. it’s really good for managing time and ensuring that you don’t overwork yourself!

sleepytime: sleepytime has you select an option for whether you want to find when you should wake up, when you should sleep, or when you should wake up if you sleep right then. from there, it’ll tell you what time to sleep/wake up for the best amount of sleep! i find it endlessly helpful, especially during the school year. avoid all nighters, kids.

quizlet: MY FAVORITE SCHOOL APP!! you’ve probably heard of it. access your flashcards for easy studying on the go, quizlet will actually save your life.

duolingo: i know you’ve probably heard of this one, & as annoying as the notifications can be, it’s actually pretty helpful for language learning. check the community comments as well for tips written by natives or those fluent!

soundcloud/spotify: these aren’t really school apps per say, but they both have tons of study playlists that will make studying that much easier! spotify also has podcasts you can listen to if you’d like.

please feel free to add more if i missed any that work for you!

[cal-studies]

An Introduction to Graphs (Pt. 1)

Hi there! I’m going to be making a bunch of posts over the next month/year about Graph Theory, since a particular niche of it is the subject of my senior thesis. Guaranteed tags for this are going to be #math is beautiful, #thesis adventure, and #Graph Theory, for anybody who either wants to filter this out or those who at any point want to go through all this nonsense.

What is a graph?

If you’ve never heard of Graph Theory before, you might think about the graphs of functions you saw/see in your middle and high school math classes. However, Graph Theory focuses on a completely different object, made up of points and lines connecting them. If we denote a graph by G, then we would call the collection of all of it’s points (called vertices) the vertex set of G {denoted by V(G)}, and the collection of all of the lines connecting them (edges) would be called the edge set of G {denoted by E(G)}.

Groups of Graphs

There are two different Major Ways to specify the kind of graph you’re talking about, the first comes across by tweaking the exact requirements a graph must meet, and the second comes by identifying it as part of a family of graphs.

Changing Rules

The definition of a graph as we have it is noticeably very vague. The way we stated it actually allows for quite a few oddities, such as the following:

There can be a graph with no edges! Even without vertices!

The only edges in a graph might just connect any vertex to itself! These are called Loops.

There might be multiple edges connecting any pair of vertices.

Sometimes, it’s easier or just preferable to not worry about these cases, so graph theorists have a few different classes of graphs depending on what set of rules they’re interested in. 

Multi-graphs are graphs that allow multiple edges between any pair of vertices, as well as loops. Simple Graphs are those that insist a vertex can only be connected with other vertices, and at most one edge per pair!

Directed graphs (Or Digraphs) have directions associated with each edge. They can be either simple or multi-graphs, depending on whether or not it’s possible to move either way between any of your connected vertices. There are also Weighted Graphs, which can have a value associated with either every vertex or every edge, depending on what you want to use it for. These two specifications are often used in conjunction for applications in problems such as efficient route pathing.

Finally, we make the distinction between Connected and Disconnected Graphs. It’s pretty straightforward; a graph can only be connected if it is possible to get from any one vertex to any other vertex by following edges which are present in the graph (regardless of any associated directions).

Family Trees

Alongside the above rule-sets, we identify some families of graphs by some properties they may have. These families can exist more or less regardless of the above restrictions, and are generally more passive classifications.

Complete Graphs - These are graphs where every vertex is connected to every other vertex.

Null Graphs - Graphs with no edges.

Cyclic Graphs - A graph is cyclic if there are two (or more) different paths to follow from one vertex to another vertex.

Trees (Haha, get it?) - Any graph that is not cyclic. I.e., there is at most one way to travel between any pair of vertices. 

Paths - A sub-family of Trees where no vertex is connected to more than two other vertices. (All the “leaves” are gone!)

Regular Graphs - Graphs where every vertex is connected to the same number of vertices.

Bipartite Graphs - Graphs where V(G) can be separated into exactly two subsets of vertices, such that no two vertices in the same subset are connected. This concept can be extended to 3, 4, …, n subsets (Tripartite, 4-partite, n-partite).

Things can get even more specific from here, but they tend to be some combination of the above.

Now, this is just a selection of the ORGANIZATION of graphs, but what do we do with them? Why do we care about them? What are the burning questions in the hearts, minds, and souls of Graph Theorists everywhere? All these questions and more will be answered in the second part of this introduction!

[cal-studies]

🎒Backpacks 101🌻

Essentials for Class

Your laptop/spirals/tablet/your preferred note-taking medium. For professors that speak quickly and cover a lot of information in a short amount of time before moving on to the next slide, I always like to use my laptop. Some professors prohibit the use of laptops (even for note-taking). So, I like to use a cheap spiral for class in which I will write information/graphics with the knowledge that they don’t have to be perfect. This is just to ensure that I get the information down. When I get home I transfer all of the notes into a nicer spiral to look over later. This also works to help me retain the information! 

My all-time favorite spiral notebooks are the Exceed Five Subject Notebooks. I love these because in the front they have a world map, a punctuation chart, a metric unit conversion chart, spelling rules, a ruler, and a glossary of general reference and research sites.

Loose-leaf paper. This is especially helpful for me because many of my professors will give pop-quizzes/pop-writing assignments. Also great for when a classmate needs to borrow some paper. You can whip it out and make a friend for all semester. 

Personally, I like to use Five Star Reinforced Filler Paper by Mead.

Pencil Bag. Naturally, not having to frantically dig around your backpack for a pen/pencil/highlighter makes your day go so much smoother.

I prefer the Mead Five Star Organizer Pencil Pouch.

My pencil bag comes complete with an assortment of pens, pencils, highlighters, two flash drives, a pencil sharpener, and an entire 50 pack of Crayola Super Tips. Yes, my pencil bag fits that much. 

Laptop charger & phone charger. I recommend purchasing a powerblock as well to ensure that you don’t have to compete over the use of limited outlets. Thousands of college students across the nation fail to charge their electronics nightly, don’t get caught in the crossfires of that feeding frenzy.

Headphones. Something about not having my music while I’m on the bus or walking across campus really kills my mood for the day. 

My planner! Stop writing stuff on your hand or on random pieces of paper. Get yourself a cheap planner. Even if you are not a planner user right now, just forcing yourself to use one for 30 days will forge an unbreakable and life-changing habit! Take it from me. 

To Make Your Day Easier

A small umbrella for those days when the weather goes from 75′ and sunny to raining cats and dogs in 3 seconds. 

A wallet with your IDs and change. I always kick myself when I didn’t have enough change for the vending machines on campus. I kick myself even harder when I have to ask random strangers for 50 cents to buy a scantron/blue book. Also just a good idea to always have some form of ID on you. 

Water bottle. Invest in a super cool, trendy, refillable water bottle to keep yourself hydrated throughout the day. Or just keep refilling the same plastic one. 

Deodorant. This is so silly but I am always forgetting to put on deodorant before I walk out the door and I’m 22. When I get to class I realize I’ve forgotten and panic as the Texas heat encompasses me. Travel-sized deodorants are so beneficial. 

An emergency tampon/pad. Or two!!! Goes without saying. Surprises are always fun until it’s your period. I keep emergency tampons in my truck, in my apron for work, in my backpack, in my horse trailer. I do not play around. 

Ibuprofen/Aspirin 

Light snacks. We’re talking a granola bar or seven to keep your stomach from gurgling when you’re taking that exam and of course everyone showed up to class. 

A flashdrive.

Chapstick, sunscreen, or lotion can also make you more comfortable sitting in class. 

Quick Tips About Backpacks

While, yes, those little fashionable ones are cute, they don’t hold the essentials and can be damaging to your back, causing soreness and discomfort. Buying a Jansport absolutely saved my back and stopped my chronic pain from progressing! 

Obviously there are hundreds of amazing brands of backpacks out there, but I strongly urge you to purchase a bag with:

a sleeve inside for your laptop

at least three pockets - so everything has a place

those little mesh side pockets

adjustable (preferably PADDED) shoulder straps! 

Another thing! I always place my heavier items (laptop & textbooks) CLOSEST to my back. That way the weight doesn’t drag you down backwards and cause back pain (my doctor literally told me this). This is where having multiple pockets is so helpful. 

Adjust your shoulder straps so that you can also maintain good posture while walking. The weight of your backpack + where it sits on your back should not cause you to lean forward or sway backwards in order to compensate. Also fun fact - when I was in middle school I thought it was cool to have a backpack that hung really low (?) and it created a pinched nerve in my neck! Awesome! Don’t be like me! 

Remember that backpacks -while they can absolutely be super cute and trendy- are meant to possess functionality. Your backpack should carry the essentials you need to have a successful and comfortable day at class.

Lastly, 10/10 would recommend cleaning out your backpack frequently! Make sure it stays organized and free of clutter. I also like to make sure I take all of my spirals and planner out of my backpack each day after class so that after I rest for a bit - I know I have things I need to get to. 

Organizing Your Backpack - By Pockets

-Largest pocket (closest to your back): 

Heavier items such as your laptop, binders, textbooks, loose leaf paper and planner. Laptop should go inside the sleeve (if applicable). 

-Second largest pocket

Items such as your pencil bag, chargers, and umbrella.

-Smallest pocket

Items that you won’t be pulling in and out too frequently, such as headphones, deodorant, chapstick, a flashdrive, snacks, wallet, keys, painkillers, and your emergency tampons (if applicable). 

-Side pockets

Here I obviously like to keep my water bottle or coffee thermos. If you have more than one pocket this is also a great place to keep your little umbrella.

Happy studying, realistic students!

[cal-studies]

[cal-studies]

Actual good first-time college student advice:

Wear jeans/pants that “breathe” and bring a sweater, even if it’s scorching hot out, until you know which building blasts the AC to 60 degrees F and which feels like a sauna

Backpacks with thick straps are your friend!  Messenger bags are cool and all but if you’re commuting with a lot of stuff, symmetrically styled backpacks are better for your back

You are your own person and you can walk out whenever you need to or want to, so long as you’re not disrupting the class.  Meaning you can go to the bathroom without permission, take a breather if you’re anxious, answer an important phone call, etc.

If you don’t like the class on the first day, if you can- DROP THAT CLASS AND TAKE ANOTHER ONE!  It’ll only get worse from there!

If you can, take a class outside your major; it’s a good break from your expected studies.

You are in charge of your schedule.  Your adviser and guidance counselor is there to ‘advise and guide’ but if you don’t like certain classes and you can substitute for others, that’s your choice.

Consequently, if you are changing anything drastic in your plan, talk with your adviser and instructors.

Pay attention to your credit hours and grades.  Never leave this to the last week of school, you will be sorry and stressed beyond belief!

Unless it’s a lab book or otherwise specified, go to the class for a week or so before buying an expensive textbook.  Some classes, while having it on their required list, do not actually use the textbook a whole lot and you might find some of it scanned online.  Rent if you can or buy used online (schools actually don’t give discounts).  Use your best judgement on what you think you need.

Tell the people who go up to you selling or advertising things you are not interested in that you are in a rush to class and don’t have time to listen to them.  It’s less rude and they’ll leave you alone.

The smaller the class, the better it is to have some sort of acquaintanceship with a couple classmates.  They might save your ass if you are absent one day or need to study.  And talking with them makes the time go by faster without it being so insufferable.

You don’t need to join a club or sport, but internships are cool and useful!

If you can afford it, take a day off once or twice each semester if you’re too exhausted.  Just be aware of what you missed and if it was worth missing!

Your health is the most important, this goes for mental health too!!  Note: College-age/upper teens is when mental disorders like depression and anxiety are most commonly diagnosed.  Most schools have therapy services, especially during exam time.  Look into it if you need to!

Communicate with your professor if you are having trouble with something.  Anything.

Eat and stay hydrated.  Bring a water bottle and snack to class.

All-nighters will happen but never go over 36 hours without sleep.

It’s going to be hard and there will be times you might think about giving up.  This WILL happen.  You just have to make sure what you’re doing isn’t making you absolutely miserable and/or there is something rewarding and positive to look forward to at the end!

[cal-studies]