Check our Tumblr Posts on Impact Testing What is an Impact Tester? Impact Testers Do you want more information on what impact testers do to test your materials? Read our article on how impact tests are conducted, what is the most common testing used by professionals and what end users get in terms of scientific results. Read further on this topic….
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Impact Testing: Determining One’s Strength!
I know what you’re thinking and NO this article is not about Hercules or someone who is powerful or strong. This article is about testing the strength of materials. Have you ever wondered how the durability and strength of a material are tested? For starters, of course, their impact is measured which is, of course, called Impact Tests.
Impact tests are tests simply designed to measure the resistance of an object in a collision, falling objects or a blow. It measures the Impact Energy or the energy absorbed by the object after a collision. The common methods that are used in measuring Impact energy are Charpy Test and Izod Test.
Impact Energy
It measures the work done to make damage to a specimen.
For example, there is object A and B. Object A is the striker and object B is the object to be observed. When object A strikes object B, object B will receive damage and create a deformation. The test will continue until Object B occur damage.
This is the measurement of how strong an object is. Remember that brittle materials have low impact strengths than those with high impact strengths. Impact tests are conducted by impact testers.
IZOD TEST
Izod test is the standard test made for plastics and other materials. It is commonly used to test the toughness or impact energy of materials. This test is commonly used for quality controls wherein it needs to be fast and cheaper.
Here are the factors that can affect the Izod test:
Ductility
Notches or incision at an edge of a surface
Temperature
Fracture mechanism
Materials
The specimens used in this test vary in which material will be tested. Commonly, metallic samples have a square in cross section. On the other hand, plastics or polymeric tests are rectangular with parallel struck to a long axis.
PROCEDURE OF THE IMPACT TEST
The specimen is placed like a pendulum. Let’s assume again that object A is the striker and object B is the material to be tested. Object B is placed at the bottom of Object A or the striker. Object A will swing in a vertical direction and Object B will receive the impact. Different sizes of Object A are used to utilize the toughness and brittleness of an object.
Aside from the impact, the temperature of the object is also a common factor to consider in testing the durability of an object. They are usually placed in a freezer until they show signs of brittleness then removed from the freezer for the second test of temperature.
This temperature test is used to test the ductility to the brittleness of an object. Carbon steels usually undergo this procedure since steels are known to change their brittleness depending on the temperature applied to them
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Strikers used in measuring the impact energy are no doubt has a stored kinetic energy. ISO and ASTM are the standards in measuring the impact strengths. ISO system is measured by kj/m2 wherein the impact energy (kj) is divided in the cross area or (m2). While ASTM is J/m where the impact energy is divided by the length of the notch.
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