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Overview of Networking Protocols of Transceivers

The communication between any two end-points is based on some standard language which can be understood by both. In information technology world, these standards are called protocols. A protocol is a networking language which is used to transmit and receive the message between two communicating devices. Each protocol has its own way of sending and receiving the signal which is referred to as encapsulation, but in the end, it is all down to bits; 0s and 1s.

In this article, we will discuss few of the most widely used networking protocols which can be used to transmit and receive the messages on transceivers. Data rates and applications of these protocols will also be discussed to enable us to understand the basic working principles of the transceivers that are available in the market

Read the full article here:

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Overview of Networking Protocols of Transceivers

The communication between any two end-points is based on some standard language which can be understood by both. In information technology world, these standards are called protocols. A protocol is a networking language which is used to transmit and receive the message between two communicating devices. Each protocol has its own way of sending and receiving the signal which is referred to as encapsulation, but in the end, it is all down to bits; 0s and 1s.

In this article, we will discuss few of the most widely used networking protocols which can be used to transmit and receive the messages on transceivers. Data rates and applications of these protocols will also be discussed to enable us to understand the basic working principles of the transceivers that are available in the market

Read the full article:

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What is InfiniBand and what is it used for?

What is InfiniBand and what is it used for?

INTRODUCTION :

InfiniBAnd (IB) is actually a trademark term used since 1999, it was formerly called System I/O. InfiniBand was coined surprisingly when two dueling designs in the market merged, this happened after realizing that it is the right approach to prevent future limitations in the industry, because the existing designs would no longer meet the needs of future servers.

The two competing designs were:  Future I/O – developed by IBM, Compaq and Hewlett-Packard, and Next Generation I/O – developed by Microsoft, Intel and Sun Microsystems.  With confidence that both the industry and the end-users will benefit from the merging, they formed the InfiniBand Trade Association or IBTA which has over 220 members, currently.

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Passive und aktive Direct Attach Kabel - Worin besteht der Unterschied?

Einführung von Direct Attach-Kabeln Direct Attachment-Kabel (DAC) sind eine Alternative zu den Glasfaser-Transceivern, sie erübrigen die Verwendung der Transceiver, indem sie beide Enden des Kabels dauerhaft mit Transceivern verbinden, die im SFP+-Steckplatz der Kommunikationsgeräte wie Switches, Router, Speicher und Server abgeschlossen werden können. Abbildung 1 zeigt ein typisches direktes Anschlusskabel. Direktkabel werden für kleinere Entfernungen verwendet, normalerweise sind Direktkabel in Längen von 1 Meter, 3 Meter, 5 Meter, 7 Meter, 10 Meter und 15 Meter erhältlich. Allgemeine Anwendungen von Direktbefestigungskabeln sind der Anschluss der Geräte im gleichen Rack, der Anschluss der in benachbarten Racks installierten Geräte oder der Anschluss der Geräte in einem mittelgroßen Rechenzentrum. Direktbefestigungskabel verwenden sowohl Kupfer- als auch Glasfaserkabelbaugruppen. Die Entscheidung für Kupfer- oder Glasfaserkabel hängt von verschiedenen Faktoren wie elektromagnetischen Störungen und Platzverfügbarkeit ab

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MPO / MTP Solutions

The necessity for ever-increasing bandwidth in data centers keeps ongoing, and the multi-mode fiber cables have supported to be a useful optical solution. MTP/MPO cabling assemblies, as a tremendous solution for fast and consistent multi-mode fiber connectivity, deliver an operational way for 40GbE and 100GbE network solutions, guaranteeing a high-performance and high-speed network.

MTP/MPO Connectors

In MTP/MPO fiber cables, just as their name show, the MTP/MPO fiber cables are terminated with MTP/MPO connectors on either one end or both ends of the fiber cables. The MTP/MPO connectors can provide fast and consistent connection for up to 12 fibers. MPO is the industry abbreviation for “multi-fiber push on”. MPO connectors are usually defined by two different documents. One is IEC-61754-7, the normally cited standard for MPO connectors internationally. Also EIA/TIA-604-5, also known as FOCIS 5, which is the most common standard sited for in the US. MTP connector, in fact, is the improved version of the MPO connector. It is in compliance with all MPO connector. The image below just shows what a MTP connectors are

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What is InfiniBand and what is it used for?

What is InfiniBand and what is it used for?

INTRODUCTION :

InfiniBAnd (IB) is actually a trademark term used since 1999, it was formerly called System I/O. InfiniBand was coined surprisingly when two dueling designs in the market merged, this happened after realizing that it is the right approach to prevent future limitations in the industry, because the existing designs would no longer meet the needs of future servers.

The two competing designs were:  Future I/O – developed by IBM, Compaq and Hewlett-Packard, and Next Generation I/O – developed by Microsoft, Intel and Sun Microsystems.  With confidence that both the industry and the end-users will benefit from the merging, they formed the InfiniBand Trade Association or IBTA which has over 220 members, currently.

Read the full article here

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Passive and Active Direct Attach Cables - What is the Difference?

Introduction of Direct Attach Cables

Direct attach cables (DAC) are an alternative to the fiber optic transceivers, they eliminate the need of using the transceivers by permanently attaching both ends of the cable with transceivers that can be terminated in the SFP+ slot in the communication equipment such as switches, routers, storage and servers. Figure 1 shows a typical direct attach cable.

Direct attach cables are used for smaller distance links, normally direct attach cables are available in lengths of 1 meter, 3 meters, 5 meters, 7 meters, 10 meters and 15 meters. General uses of direct attach cables are connecting the equipment in the same rack, connecting the equipment installed in adjacent racks or connecting the equipment within a mid-sized datacenter. Direct attach cables use both copper and fiber cable assemblies. The decision to use copper or fiber cable is dependent on various factors such as electro-magnetic interference and space availability

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What is a tunable DWDM Transceiver?

Lasers that have the property of tuning the wavelengths according to the values of the on the ITU grid are called tunable lasers and form the agile class of transceiver modules. The working principle and the capability to produce such a card were available as a technology for many years, but their production deployment was making sense after the develop and mass production of tunable pluggable optics.

The tunable transceivers are developed only for DWDM optical transport technology because of the narrow spacing between ITU grids compared with the WDM technology where spacing is larger. Typically, these tunable optics are for the C-Band with 50GHz spacing. Around 88 different channels can be set with intervals of 0.4nm, which is the 50GHz band

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What is a tunable DWDM Transceiver?

Lasers that have the property of tuning the wavelengths according to the values of the on the ITU grid are called tunable lasers and form the agile class of transceiver modules. The working principle and the capability to produce such a card were available as a technology for many years, but their production deployment was making sense after the develop and mass production of tunable pluggable optics.

The tunable transceivers are developed only for DWDM optical transport technology because of the narrow spacing between ITU grids compared with the WDM technology where spacing is larger. Typically, these tunable optics are for the C-Band with 50GHz spacing. Around 88 different channels can be set with intervals of 0.4nm, which is the 50GHz band

Read the full article here:

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Overview of Networking Protocols of Transceivers

The communication between any two end-points is based on some standard language which can be understood by both. In information technology world, these standards are called protocols. A protocol is a networking language which is used to transmit and receive the message between two communicating devices. Each protocol has its own way of sending and receiving the signal which is referred to as encapsulation, but in the end, it is all down to bits; 0s and 1s.

In this article, we will discuss few of the most widely used networking protocols which can be used to transmit and receive the messages on transceivers. Data rates and applications of these protocols will also be discussed to enable us to understand the basic working principles of the transceivers that are available in the market.

Read the full article here:

[cboit]

Overview of Networking Protocols of Transceivers

The communication between any two end-points is based on some standard language which can be understood by both. In information technology world, these standards are called protocols. A protocol is a networking language which is used to transmit and receive the message between two communicating devices. Each protocol has its own way of sending and receiving the signal which is referred to as encapsulation, but in the end, it is all down to bits; 0s and 1s.

In this article, we will discuss few of the most widely used networking protocols which can be used to transmit and receive the messages on transceivers. Data rates and applications of these protocols will also be discussed to enable us to understand the basic working principles of the transceivers that are available in the market

Read the full article here:

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Passive and Active Direct Attach Cables - What is the Difference?

Introduction of Direct Attach Cables

Direct attach cables (DAC) are an alternative to the fiber optic transceivers, they eliminate the need of using the transceivers by permanently attaching both ends of the cable with transceivers that can be terminated in the SFP+ slot in the communication equipment such as switches, routers, storage and servers. Figure 1 shows a typical direct attach cable.

Direct attach cables are used for smaller distance links, normally direct attach cables are available in lengths of 1 meter, 3 meters, 5 meters, 7 meters, 10 meters and 15 meters. General uses of direct attach cables are connecting the equipment in the same rack, connecting the equipment installed in adjacent racks or connecting the equipment within a mid-sized datacenter. Direct attach cables use both copper and fiber cable assemblies. The decision to use copper or fiber cable is dependent on various factors such as electro-magnetic interference and space availability

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LSZH vs. PVC - What cable jacket should I prefer?

In the present era of rapid technology growth and the constant rush for high quality products, we can easily forget about the safety regulations and the various dangers that surround us. This is an extremely important part of the network infrastructure for the IT managers to concentrate on. The large number of networking equipment, together with the cables and possible power weak links, make the Datacenter buildings vulnerable to fire and other possible catastrophes. When designing a network infrastructure, it is important to follow the latest regulations and to follow the various safety tips, no matter the cost, because following them could eventually save a lot of lives.

When it comes to fiber optic cables, the cable jacket is a lot more important part of the network as some may think. The European market is demanding that all cables which would be used in Wide Area Networks (WAN), Local Area Networks (LAN), Storage Area Networks (SAN) etc., meet the latest requirements governed by the IEC 60332-1 which is the standard for Flame Retardant Grade specification. These requirements are met by the Low Emitting Zero Halogen or LSZH cables, and they are not met by the (PVC) polyvinyl chloride cables. Today almost every large installation in Europe must meet this specification. Latest trends show that IT managers even started following the more advanced IEC 60332-3 specification which is a more demanding flammability specification for LSZH cables.

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What is the difference between the MPO and MTP fibre cable connectors?

The need of quick provision of ports in data center environments is fulfilled by the use of multiport cables assemblies. This is very well achieved by a optical fiber cable strand, typically with 12 individual fibers and one MPO/MTP connector at the other end providing 6 parallel communication paths  and twice for 24 strand MPO cables. The quick provision is necessary in data centers between rack to rack  links. Using the connectors is a ‘plug and play’ solution with already tested patch optical budget properties.

MPO (Multi-fiber Push On) connectors are representing a standard for connecting technologies. In many cases, multi-fiber connector products are referred to as MTP connectors. The MPO connector is a multi-fiber connector that is defined by IEC-61754-7, “Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components - Fibre optic connector interfaces - Part 7: Type MPO connector family”; and TIA-604-5-D, ”Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability Standard, Type MPO”.

The term MTP (Multifiber Termination Push on ) is a registered trademark of US Conec. This is the term used by US Conec to describe their connector. The US Conec MTP product is fully compliant with the MPO standards. As such, the MTP connector is an MPO connector. The MTP connector is described by US Conec as, “a high performance MPO connector with multiple engineered product enhancements to improve optical and mechanical performance when compared to generic MPO connectors.

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What is InfiniBand and what is it used for?

What is InfiniBand and what is it used for?

INTRODUCTION :

InfiniBAnd (IB) is actually a trademark term used since 1999, it was formerly called System I/O. InfiniBand was coined surprisingly when two dueling designs in the market merged, this happened after realizing that it is the right approach to prevent future limitations in the industry, because the existing designs would no longer meet the needs of future servers.

The two competing designs were:  Future I/O – developed by IBM, Compaq and Hewlett-Packard, and Next Generation I/O – developed by Microsoft, Intel and Sun Microsystems.  With confidence that both the industry and the end-users will benefit from the merging, they formed the InfiniBand Trade Association or IBTA which has over 220 members, currently

Read the full article here:

[cboit]

What is InfiniBand and what is it used for?

What is InfiniBand and what is it used for?

INTRODUCTION :

InfiniBAnd (IB) is actually a trademark term used since 1999, it was formerly called System I/O. InfiniBand was coined surprisingly when two dueling designs in the market merged, this happened after realizing that it is the right approach to prevent future limitations in the industry, because the existing designs would no longer meet the needs of future servers.

The two competing designs were:  Future I/O – developed by IBM, Compaq and Hewlett-Packard, and Next Generation I/O – developed by Microsoft, Intel and Sun Microsystems.  With confidence that both the industry and the end-users will benefit from the merging, they formed the InfiniBand Trade Association or IBTA which has over 220 members, currently

Read the full article here:

[cboit]

Passive and Active Direct Attach Cables - What is the Difference?

Introduction of Direct Attach Cables

Direct attach cables (DAC) are an alternative to the fiber optic transceivers, they eliminate the need of using the transceivers by permanently attaching both ends of the cable with transceivers that can be terminated in the SFP+ slot in the communication equipment such as switches, routers, storage and servers. Figure 1 shows a typical direct attach cable.

Direct attach cables are used for smaller distance links, normally direct attach cables are available in lengths of 1 meter, 3 meters, 5 meters, 7 meters, 10 meters and 15 meters. General uses of direct attach cables are connecting the equipment in the same rack, connecting the equipment installed in adjacent racks or connecting the equipment within a mid-sized datacenter. Direct attach cables use both copper and fiber cable assemblies. The decision to use copper or fiber cable is dependent on various factors such as electro-magnetic interference and space availability.

Read the full article here: