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Northern Expedition Memorial
臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂， Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he couldfinish his life`s work, the restoration of Han. 今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。 Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival isthreatened. 然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者， Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realmremain loyal to you, your majesty. 盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。 Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish torepay his kindness in service to you. 诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气， This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honour the memoryof the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. 不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。 It is not time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to thesuggestions of loyal men. 宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。 The court and the administration are as one. Both must be judged by one standard. 若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏， Those who are loyal and good must get whatthey deserve, but so must the evil-doers who break the law. 以昭陛下平明之理，不宜偏私，使内外异法也。 This willdemonstrate the justice of your rule. There cannot be one law for the court andanother for the administration. 侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必得裨补阙漏，有所广益。 Counselors and attendants like Guo Youzhi,Fei Yi, and Dong Yun are all reliable men, loyal of purpose and pure in motive.The late Emperor selected them for office so that they would serve you afterhis death.These are the men who should be consulted on all palace affairs. 将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用之于昔日，先帝称之曰能，是以众议举宠为督。愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。 XiangChong has proved himself a fine general in battle, and the late Emperorbelieved in him. That is why the assembly has recommended him for overallcommand. It will keep the troops happy if he is consulted on all militarymatters. 亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也； The emperors of the Western Han chose their courtiers wisely, and theirdynasty flourished. 亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。 The emperors of the Eastern Han chose poorly, and they doomed the empireto ruin. 先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。 Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me, he lamented thefailings of Emperors Huan and Ling. 侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。 Advisorslike Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Chen Zhen, Zhang Yi, and Jiang Wan – these are all menof great integrity and devotion. I encourage you to trust them, your majesty,if the house of Han is to rise again. 臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性��于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。 I begin as a common man, farming in my fields in Nanyang, doing what Icould to survive in an age of chaos. I never had any interest in making a namefor myself as a noble. 先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事， The late Emperor was not ashamed to visit my cottage and seek my advice. 由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。 Grateful for his regard, I responded to his appeal and threw myself intohis service. 后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。 先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。 Now twenty-one years has passed, the late Emperor always appreciated mycaution and, in his final days, entrusted me with his cause. Since that moment, I have been tormented day and night by the fear that Imight let him down. That is why I crossed the Lu river at the height of summer, and enteredthe wastelands beyond. Now the south has been subdued, and our forces are fully armed. I should lead our soldiers to conquer the northern heartland and attemptto remove the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it to theformer capital. This the way I mean to honor my debt to the late Emperor and fulfill myduty to you. Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun are the oneswho should be making policy decisions and recommendations. My only desire is to be permitted to drive out the traitors and restore theHan. If I should let you down, punish my offense and report it to the spirit ofthe late Emperor. If thosethree advisors should fail in their duties, then they should be punished fortheir negligence. Your Majesty, consider your course of action carefully. Seek out goodadvice, and never forget the late Emperor. I depart now on a long expedition, and I will be forever grateful if youheed my advice. Blindedby my own tears, I know not what I write.
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