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The real reason why you need to be social is the best chinese place within 10 miles is an unknown hole in the wall with a yearly marketing budget of $15 dollars and you will never, ever find it unless someone tells you about it.

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😳 <- this emoji but without the blush or romantic connotation. im not blushing im staring you directly in your fucking eyes

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Zeolite nanopore model links crystal size to metal cluster migration and catalyst performance

Extensive industrial catalytic applications have shown that the confined nano-channels of zeolites can precisely regulate molecular diffusion and metal cluster migration, effectively enhancing catalyst activity, selectivity, and stability. A deep understanding and quantitative description of the coupling between confined "transport and reaction" processes are essential for designing and optimizing industrial zeolite catalysts. However, constructing such a theoretical model poses a significant challenge, largely due to the difficulty in precisely characterizing and describing these confined transport phenomena. To address this challenge, a research team, led by Prof. Liu Zhongmin and Prof. Ye Mao from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), in collaboration with Prof. Bao Xiaojun and Prof. Zhu Haibo from Fuzhou University, has proposed a theoretical model describing the migration-aggregation behavior of confined metal clusters within individual zeolites.

Read more.

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How fast do you think Toothless is at his top speed? How long do you think he'd be able to maintain that speed (eg several minutes, a few hours, all day)?

Excitingly enough, we actually have a canon answer to this! “The Art of How to Train Your Dragon” on p. 146 says that there are times Toothless exceeds one hundred miles per hour. When Toothless is diving, he probably hits one hundred twenty miles per hour, which is about the terminal velocity of a human falling (in the Wiki article they say it’s one hundred fifty but I don’t think that’s quite right?).

Chris Sanders, in the How to Train Your Dragon filmmaker’s commentary, remarks during the moment Toothless divebombs the Red Death:

One of the things we really wanted to get out of this thing is the idea that flying on a dragon like this wasn’t easy and it wasn’t gentle. That when you hit these velocities, that things became actually very shaky and rough and that it was a real physical activity to actually fly on the back of Toothless. And that diving shot was the shot where we were trying to get that across.

The likelihood is that Toothless does not fly this fast when he is going straight horizontally. I imagine that the 120 mph (160 km/hr) speeds are only when Toothless is diving, and that his top horizontal speed is much slower. I tried to do some quick bird research and found that birds which can dive at speeds higher than 100 mph typically fly about half that rate horizontally for their top speed. This means that Toothless’ maximum horizontal speed is probably about 50-60 miles per hour (80-95 km/hr). His average horizontal speed I imagine is around 40 mph given what I have seen from birds somewhat of his wing shape and speeds.

Regarding how long Toothless can maintain his top 60 mph speed, I do not know. Probably not that long; I would say minutes over hour at an intuition, anyway. I found a lot of research about how long birds can sustain their average speed of flight, but not top speed. But I did find some information that might clue us in to take a guess about this.

For instance, hovering expends about double the energy of flying average speed, and that flying top speed does not expend nearly the same amount of energy as hovering, which is putting birds at their absolute physical limits. The dragons in How to Train Your Dragon can hover (despite the fact that, realistically speaking, they anatomically would not be able to do so, and the creators have even acknowledged that). We see Toothless hover in How to Train Your Dragon 2, and he sustains it for a significant period of time all things considering. I am pretty sure he hovers for five minutes during the final “Toothless Found” scene. This means he could fly at top speed even longer than that. This means he could go for a while, but it’s probably going to be more of ten or twenty minutes rather than an hour.

Also, the size and shape of wings does affect how fast and how far a bird can travel. By looking at Toothless’ wing shape, we can take a better guess about whether or not he’s built for flying fast, and consequently about how well his body does handling top speeds.

So here are Toothless’ wings:

And now here are some of the basic bird wing shapes:

Toothless’ wings probably look most like A or D from the diagram. Note that this is me just looking at these wings, trying to read up on wing ratios, and making a very, very non-educated guess.

Now the example of a bird with wing type A, that is, elliptical wings, includes the flycatcher and most songbirds, and it looks sort of like this:

I think these wings look somewhat close in shape to Toothless’. Of course the feathers are going to have notably different properties than Toothless’ leathery wings, but the unique features for this type of wings are quick turns for forested environments and quick takeoff. Toothless does appear to be a quick turner and he can do takeoff from a standstill.

Now wing type D is what we see in eagles and vultures. These guys’ wings allow them to carry heavy loads and to lift up high at slower speeds. I don’t know what to make of that, given that Riders of Berk makes it clear Toothless is the fastest of all the dragons around Berk, at least.

I’m not going to pretend to be an avian expert, so I’ll stop right there. But based upon what we know of these wing types, they do not seem to be wings built for endurance as much as for other features. He can fly extremely fast, but most creatures that run or fly fast are built for short bursts rather than long journeys. Just think of how quickly a cheetah wears out after going 70 mph. This means I doubt that Toothless could maintain his top speed for an hour. He’s going to go his fastest for only minutes at a time. But then I am no expert whatsoever, and I could be stating utter nonsense at this point.

If there is an ornithologist anywhere around here (or heck someone who knows bats! Bats would be great since they’re mammals and Toothless was designed to look mammalian!), I’d love to hear what your thoughts on the matter are! Please correct me with all the mistakes I probably made.

But to wrap up: Toothless flies fast. He probably flies at 40 mph on average, goes up to 60 mph at his top speed horizontally, and can dive over 120 mph. I would imagine that the top speed would tire Toothless incredibly quickly and he would only be able to do it for a few minutes. But then given how strong we see Toothless is, what with his ability to hover and clearly fly at his normal speed for a while, maybe he can do top speed longer than that.

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what super expensive indulgence would u get for urself if u suddenly came into a bunch of money?? assume all bills/mortgages paid, all friends helped: what treat are u buying just for u?? for me it would be a quilted lambskin chanel bag in iridescent pink

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the reason Phineas and Ferb is one of my favorite shows of all time is because adult jokes in other family shows are usually about sex. in Phineas and Ferb they are referencing classic literature and bureaucracy.

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still thinking about that r/hypotheticalsituation post where someone was like "what if a potato chip spawned somewhere randomly in the world. and every hour the number of potato chips at that location would double. and the only way to get rid of them for good would be to eat all of the potato chips before they doubled again." and someone calculated that it would only take like, 48 hours of people ignoring a weird pile of potato chips before an absolutely irreconcilable number of potato chips was blanketing a city.

and then people were like "no wait if it spawns randomly in the world, it's highly likely it would be in an ocean" and then people were debating whether there were enough small fish swimming at the surface in the open ocean that would be able to eat a potato chip and thus save humanity from the potato chip apocalypse.

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are you a “filters tags from my mutual’s new obsession” Tumblr user or are you a “learns about their new obsession (semi-forcefully) by osmosis” Tumblr user

there is a correct answer

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this randomly blew up on twitter so i figured i’d post it here bc lord knows everyone on this app is neurodivergent

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if you ever find yourself thinking “wow I scraped the bottom of the barrel with my energy with that and came out okay!” that’s the devil talking. you did not come out okay. you borrowed energy from the future. you will repay it if you don’t rest and replenish the borrowed energy first.

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do you think that a certain genre of queer person is so obsessively weird about pride flag discourse becuase their flags fill the gaping hole in their personality where a hogwarts house used to be

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okay now I'm curious and I dunno if this is really such an archaic foreign thing to young people today or if I'm just out of touch

Please reblog, I'd love to see a lot of responses!

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So my sister wants to start sewing more, because

a. She’s 5′ 11″ and can never find pants long enough for her legs or shirts long enough for her arms.

b. She hates synthetic fibers as much as I do and it’s difficult to find natural fiber clothes that aren’t made of cotton

c. She’s a biologist and would physically fistfight microplastics if given half a chance

So her gift from mom and dad for her birthday was a sewing machine. Not a super expensive one but a good solid serviceable one.

And recently she asked “So where do I GET wool or linen and thread that isn’t polyester” and mom was like ‘go ask your sister’

And I, of course, crashed into the group text like “GET A PEN I HAVE WEBSITES FOR U” and honestly I’m thrilled about this

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i hate dogs with blue eyes. why is fucking jeff the killer at my back door

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someone got really mad at me for being pro-pornography so i'd like to be annoying for a little longer:

-there are enormous problems with exploitation in the porn industry that harm and endanger the people within it, and that harm is carried out mostly against women and minorities

-this is Bad

-however the last century of passing laws against pornography hasn't actually helped any of those problems, and what sex workers tend to advocate for is the legitimization of their labor, so that they can then access the same protections and regulations that people in other industries can access

-for instance football players, miners, roofers, and warehouse workers are also exploited and endangered by their professions, have to work long hours, and can end up traumatized and disabled by unregulated and unsafe working conditions. these people are used up and thrown away by powerful bosses they can't individually challenge.

-however because these industries are not de facto illegal to participate in, when these people form unions and demand better working conditions, they can at least fight for their rights.

-sex workers, who engage in heavily stigmatized work that's also often illegal, have little recourse to demand better treatment.

-even if you don't like porn, and especially if you don't like porn, if you care about the women who are exploited in pornography, you need to advocate for the legality of pornography.

-the more illegal the porn industry is, the less safe and fair it is, and people will still be working in it, no matter how illegal it is.

-again: the porn industry should be regulated like any other industry and subject to laws guaranteeing fair compensation for labor, safe working conditions, and legal resources for workers suffering exploitation and abuse.

-once it is legal to do sex work, then women can bring charges against the men who have broken their contracts and abused them.

-and that is why i push back against posts saying that pornography is evil. it is an entertainment product, made by people, to meet an ongoing demand. criminalizing the consumption and production of it may slightly lessen the demand at the incredible cost of endangering everyone involved. and i think that is what's evil.