dhiwskyyy

[dhiwskyyy]

Every beginning must come to an end. :(

Sumpah berasa kyk baru kmrn mulai irfest tiba2 udh kelar aj weyyy.Berasa bgtt sii mata acaranya seruu-seruu kyk happy times,clospar,sama informatif bgt mulai dari UN101,Iron,dll.Pokoknyaa terimakasihh banget kakak tingkat HI 19nyaa buat ngeciptainn acara yang walaupun terbatas gabisa ketemuu efek offline gini tp tetep memorable dan ga kalah seruuu,pokokknyaa mantul bgtt acaranya.Terimakasihh juga untuk kak finda dan kak sam,kaliann berdua caliel yang best of the best pokokkeee,dengan kak sam yang suka ngemilin bubuk milo dan selaluu membantu perpaperan duniawi dan kak finda yang mau dengerin curhatku dari A-Z dan “memaksa” manggil dia kalem,pokoknyaa aku dan canada beruntung bgt mendapat kalian sebagai caliel kamii :(((,terimakasihh juga buat negaraku tercinta,Canada.Sumpah beruntung banget dapet kalian sebagai wargakuu dan cipo,wouldn’t trade it for any country at all.Mulai dari cipo si ironman,jojo aktris tiktok,dinda editor berkelas,alan si kapten buaya,enjueee yang ngegas tp ngakak,jeje yang genit ama mas edo,odrey yang sok kalem tp tontonannya orang bercinta sama mobil,syafira yang lidahnya pendek,dandy dan fad couple canada,sama nisa yang kalem2 menghanyutkan,pokokknyaa beruntung bgtt aku terjebak sama kleann :(((( INGAT KITA TETEP JUARA SEBAGAI NEGARA TERBADUT SKSKSKSK (nular dr jojo),pokokknya teruntuk kakak 19 terimakasih telah menerima saya dan maafkan jika ada kelakuan atau tingkah saya yang tidak mengenakan,karena memang sudah settingan dari lahir bobrok begini dan semangatt utsnyaaa dan teruntuk temen2 hi 20 yang baca (Kecuali Ufff karena diragukan kemampuannya untuk membaca) semangattt teruss dan yukk berjuang bersamaa,semoga uts nanti dan seterusnya kita diperlancar dan bisa makin eratttt,aminnnn

[dhiwskyyy]

UN 101

UN or the United Nations is one of the most substantial IGO (Interstate Governmental Organisation) in existence today. It hosts most of the independent nations on the earth, and work-not as a world government-but rather a platform for all of the members to achieve world peace and global progress. Laid out also in its formal declaration of forming, ways for these countries to convey their interests have also existed in the 1945 Charter of The United Nations.

The UN general meeting is called the general assembly which is usually held at the main headquarters of New York. At each meeting, it is divided into two sessions, namely regular sessions and special sessions. Regular sessions are held annually on Tuesday in the third week of September and end according to the agreed time. In this session, general matters were discussed and also sometimes used by countries to convey the problems of their countries. Then are the special sessions, which have no fixed schedule. If it is a security council convening, delegates will be notified two weeks before the event. Meanwhile, if initiated by the general assembly or member countries, it will be notified ten days in advance. Notification a day before the event will be carried out if there is a problem that is very urgent and requires an immediate solution. The meeting usually begins with the delivery of a sentence by the secretary general, followed by the president or head of state followed by a debate and discussion session. Then end with a vote. Each country has a right to vote. For the Security Council, there are veto powers granted to five permanent members, namely the United States, Britain, France, Russia and China. The power of this veto is very large, which can break the end result of a meeting.

Even though the UN is a giant IGO that welcomes any country in the world to join, there is still an acceptance stage first. The first step is submission, whereby the registrant country sends an official letter to the General Assembly, also agreeing to all the policies set out in the UN charter. The second step is a review by the god of security. To receive this recommendation, nine out of the fifteen member states of the Security Council had to agree and not one permanent member said no. The third step is a vote in which the final vote takes place after the Security Council passes acceptance to the General Assembly. A two-thirds majority must be achieved for a country to be accepted. The final step is the entry of the registrant country. The country will become a member immediately upon acceptance of the acceptance resolution.

The UN also has special memberships, which are known as "permanent observers". Which consists of non-member countries and IGO as well as various other organizations. Currently, the non-member states are the Holy See of the Vatican and Palestine as they do not have clear sovereign status. However, they are considered special members because they are accustomed to receiving invitations to observe the work of the General Assembly. Meanwhile, organizations such as the European Union, ASEAN and the Red Cross and the like are considered special members. They are often given permission to make observations in both the main and the annual congregation work.

[dhiwskyyy]

🎀 𝔽𝕀𝕃𝕆𝕊 💝

-𝓣𝓻𝓲𝓷𝓪𝓲𝓯𝓪 𝓐𝓻𝓭𝓲𝓪𝓷𝓽𝓲 -

atauu bisa disebut *drum roll* “  ＫＡＫ　ＡＲＡＡ！！！dari Gresik   “

Funfacts/Clue :

1.Bahasa Inggrisnya Tiga

2.Johfam (Kak tristan)

3.Suka nongkrong di perpus sampai malam (Kak syah)

4.Anak Pondok (Kak caca)

5.#Roadtripisoverparty(Kak Hudiya)

6.Penghafal Al-Qur’an

7.Nama panggilannya kyk nama buah di timur tengah wkwk(Kak sam)

Pertama dapet clue bahasa inggrisnya tiga aku lgsng stalk ig hi unair 19 dan ketemu kak tristan,namun keyakinan yg sudah 99% ternyata salah WKWKWK akhirnyaa kembali nanya2 ke beberapa kating seperti kak tristan,kak caca,kak reine,kak hudiya,dan juga ke caliel tercintaa kak sam dan kak findaa,namun banyak yang bilang sahabatnya kak syah,akuu pun cari ke kak syah,dan dpt cluee lagi walau msh bingungg wkwkwkw namun clue dari kak sam the bestt WKWKWK,pertama ngechat kak ara,kak ara ngga langsung ngaku tp akhirnya ngaku juga huehuehue(Ketularan Dirga),kakk ara orangnyaaa asikk bgttt,trus penghafal al-qur’an 30 juz (berbanding terbalik dengan diriku yang cuman juz 30 WKWKWK),trus kak ara juga org yang kind-hearted sama supportif bgtt,tambah lagi sama2 suka pljrn sosio sama sejarahh hehehehe meskipun aku bonus suka geo,Pokoknyaa terimakasihh kak araa telah menjadi filosku dan telah membimbing,sharing tips n trick jurnal,pokokknya kak ara the best dan semoga semuaa yang kak ara inginkann tercapai aminnnn!!  ✨ ✨

[dhiwskyyy]

Biodata :Norway

Nama : Muhammad Farrel Endrizal ( Farrel)

TTL :Surabaya,14 Desember 2002

Asal : Sidoardjo

Pesan : Semoga kalian ketemu jodoh di Unair dan bisa uwu uwuan aminn

Nama : Ki Agus Hanif Adfandara Setiawan (Hanif)

TTL : Surabaya,4 Juni 2002

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan : Bebas asal ga bablas

Nama : Afifah Bilqis Singajuru(Bilqis)

TTL : Jakarta,19 Desember 2001

Asal : Tangerang Selatan

Pesan : Semangat terus teman2 semoga kedepannya dapat mengenal satu sama lain lebih baik!!!

Caliel

Nama : Nadiah Robbi Rodliyya(Narob)

TTL : Trenggalek,22 Juli 2001

Asal : Malang

Pesan : This too shall pass so keep strong

Nama : Afkar Annibros Muhammad (Afkar)

TTL : Semarang,25 Februari 2001

Asal :Jakarta

Pesan : Jangan lupa kebahagiaan diri sendiri

[dhiwskyyy]

Biodata Finland

Nama : Rifqi Dirga Syahputra (Dirga)

TTL : Bekasi,9 September 2002

Asal : Bekasi

Pesan : Mari berteman dan bahagia

Nama : Muhammad Rizal Hafiz ( Rizal)

TTL : Trenggalek,4 Juli 2002

Asal : Sidoardjo

Pesan : salam kenal mohon batuannya kedepan

Nama : Rabiah Labiba Pasaih Putri(Bia)

TTL : Jakarta,17 Februari 2002

Asal : Jakarta

Pesan : semoga kita bisa survive guys

Caliel

Nama : Belva Dzaky Aulia (Belva)

TTL : Wonogiri,31 Mei 2001

Asal : Wonogiri

Pesan : Semangat ya dhiw di HI, milikilah pendirian yang tegak, jangan bosen di HI jangan putus asa. stay ngejurnal,dan satu lagi, hati hati dengan jejak digital wkwkwk

Nama Caliel: Madelyn Nora Abidin (Madelyn)

TTL: Kediri, 14 Oktober 2000

Asal: Kediri

Pesan: Nikmatin setiap proses IRFEST yaaa soalnya nanti bakal banyak kenangannya. Terus selama kuliah di hi nanti jangan nyerah. Kalo mungkin nanti kmu ngerasa jenuh bosen apa stress tetep inget2 mimpi kamu apa knp sampek ilih hi. Harus komit dan bertanggung jawab sama pilihannyaa dongsss. Okkayyy audreyyyyy.. Semangattttt

[dhiwskyyy]

Biodata Netherlands

Nama : Siti Riyanti N.F. (Friza)

TTL : Jakarta,28 November 2000

Asal : Jakarta

Pesan : semangat & salken!! Semoga bisa cepat2 kuliah offline biar bisa ngampus barengaan guys(ps jangan panggil gue kakak plis)

Nama : Juan Kusuma (Juan)

TTL : Surabaya,19 November 2002

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan : Kalau kelas Jangan ketiduran guys

Nama : Arya Ahmad Afani (Arya)

TTL : Tangerang,29 Desember 2001

Asal : Tangerang

Pesan : Saya berharap HI Unair menjadi HI terbaik se-Indonesia.Selain itu,semoga HI UNAIR 20 bisa solid dan kompak

Caliel

Nama : Savira Nur Aisyah (Savira/Vira)

TTL : Surabaya,31 Maret 2001

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan : Semangat dhiwwww kuliahnya,gausa banyak dipikir tugas2 nya wkwkwkkw

Nama : Ida Bagus Dama Wisnumurti Palguna (Wisnu)

TTL : TTL: Denpasar, 5 April 2001

Pesan : Semangatt yaaa dhiw!! Selamat udah masuk di hi unairr, semogaa terus semangatt dan berprestasii yaa di HI unairr!!

Asal: Bali

[dhiwskyyy]

Biodata : Maldives

Nama :Bilal Asyfahani Fireza (Bilal)

TTL :Jakarta,1 Desember 2002

Asal : Jakarta

Pesan : Semoga bisa survive 4 thn kedepannya

Nama : Muhammad Aufa Amanullah Amrullah(uf)

TTL:  Tasikmalaya,21 Juli 2001

Asal : Ciamis

Pesan : Tetaplah hidup walau useless

Nama : Khalish Hilmy(Kolis)

TTL : Bontang,3 September 2002

Asal : Magetan

Pesan: Kuliah yang bener gais

Caliel

Nama : Mizanul Amal (Izan)

TTL : Surabaya, 24 Maret 2000

Asal: Surabaya

Pesan : Tetep Semangat yaa buat nugas ospek sama jurnalnya sama utsnyaa abis ini

Nama : Dorothea Anjani Dawolo (Anjani)

TTL: Malang, 24 September 2001

Asal: Denpasar

Pesan : semangat terus ya buat dhiw, jaga kesehatan terus. jujur banget nih kuliah di HI ga gampang tapi aku percaya dhiw bisa lulus tepat waktu. selamat berjuang dan semoga survive 4 tahun di HI!! :D

[dhiwskyyy]

Biodata : Vanuatu

Nama: Gita Adjipersadani(Gita/Git)

Tempat, Tanggal lahir: Surabaya, 10 September 2002

Asal daerah: Sidoarjo

Pesan: salam kenal yaaa! May we become a good friends in the future! Semangat terus bareng2 survive di HI yaa :D✨✨

Nama : Ash Syifa Triananda Putri (Syifa)

TTL: Bekasi, 31 Mei 2002

Asal: Bekasi

Pesan: semoga akrab ya kedepannya!

Nama : Attila Dani Putra(Attila)

TTL : Surabaya,30 Mei 2020

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan : Semangat trus buat kedepannya,pantang mundur

Caliel

Nama Caliel: Andi Dwi Prasetyo (Andi)

TTL: Kediri, 5 Desember 1999

Asal: Kediri

Pesan: Terus semangat dan bekerja keras apapun hasil yang kamu dapat. Jangan mudah menyerah dan putus asa.

Nama Caliel: Diba Eriestantia (Diba/Dibae)

TTL: Dumai, 15 Mei 2001

Asal: Pekanbaru

Pesan : Selamat berproses di HI yay

[dhiwskyyy]

Biodata : New Zealand

Nama : Hammambara D.D.(Mam)

TTL : Surabaya,21 November 2001

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan : Salken gais,semangat yuk berjuang bareng

Nama : Akhdan Alfian (Rian/ian)

TTL : Surabaya,18 Februari 2001

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan :Surabaya boleh,sidoardjo Jangan

Nama : Jerrel Michael Cussoy(Jerrel/Mike)

TTL : Denpasar,19 Maret 2001

Asal : Bekasi

Pesan : NYOK KITA JAGE KEAKRABAN KITE AMPE KITA LULUS NANTI YE!

Caliel

Nama: Nur Muhammad Syahid (Syahid)

TTL: Bekasi, 10 Juli 2001

Asal: Gresik

Pesan : Semangattt IRFEST nyaaaa.....sama Kuliah HI.nya semangatt juga yaaa...meskipun hari pertama disambut jamkos...wkwk....jangan ngeluh yaaa pas nugasss

Nama :Berliana Oktafiani Nugroho Putri (Berliana/Berli/Berlin)

TTL: Bojonegoro, 12 Oktober 2002

Asal: Bojonegoro

Pesan : Hahahaha... Pesannya semakin akrab ya sama kating dan teman" angkatan, rajin" baca buku/reading material/isu" terkini, habis itu rajin juga ngerjain tugas irfest dan kuliahnya, tetap jaga kesehatan dan selamat datang di keluarga besar hi unair

[dhiwskyyy]

Biodata : USA

Nama: Nadhira Sekarputri(Nadhira)

TTL: Malang, 31 Januari 2002

Asal: Malang

Pesan: halooo dhiw smangaadd kuliahh jangan keteteran yeuu see u soon

Nama : Anindya Hana Nararya (Mas Inan)

TTL : Malang, 12 Januari 2002

Asal : Malang

Pesan : smgtt coolyeahh, e semoga cepat offline. plizi jgn jadi teman yg mayak dan mlete

Nama : Shafira Noor Malita (Shaf/Fira)

TTL : Banjarmasin,11 Januari 2003

Asal : Banjarmasin

Pesan : semoga corona cepet kelar biarr cepet cepet ketemuuuu terus main bareng barenggg!

Caliel

Nama: Syadza Hasna Azzahra (Sasha)

TTL: Surabaya, 20 Juni 2002

Asal: Surabaya

Pesan : Yg rajin yaa kuliahnya, kudu seimbang antara main dan belajarnyaa hehe semangat!

Caliel

Nama :M Ditya Satrianto (Tio)

TTL: Surabaya, 20 Mei 2001

Asal: Surabaya

Pesan : Semangat buat irfest sm tugas"nya sukses" di hi yaa

[dhiwskyyy]

Biodata : Indonesia

Nama: Yukiko Previa Mosseila (Yuki)

TTL: Jakarta, 11 November 2001

Asal: Jakarta

Pesan: Semangat kuliahnya sukses yaa

Nama : Arsyad Aurellio (Arsyad,Bangsyad)

TTL : Surabaya,7 Agustus 2002

Asal : Surabaya boleh,sidoardjo Jangan

Pesan : Kalo kuliah ,harus balance yaaa,jangan berat di satu lupa lainnya

Nama : Phillipus Mikhael Priyo Nugroho(Miko aj biar keren)

TTL : Blora,8 Agustus 2002

Asal : Semarang

Pesan : Pergilah kasih,kejarlah keinginanmu....

Caliel

Nama: Reine Syifa Insyirah (Reine)

TTL: Bogor, 25 Agustus 2001

Asal: Bogor

Pesan : yg aktif yeee irfestnya siapa tau gitu kan jadi best maba, eh tapi jgn di irfest doang. di kelas jg harus aktif, kan katanya mau jadi diplomat ok?!?!?!?

Nama: Jonatahan Imanuel Misman (Jo/Joji)

TTL: Manado, 16 Oktober 2000

Asal: Manado

Pesan : update terus sma isu" internasional, rajin baca rm sma ngerjain tugas, dengerin dan pahami baik" klo dosen lagi ngajar dengan begitu km bisa survive

[dhiwskyyy]

BIODATA CANADA

Nama : Audrey Indriani Muchtadin ( Odrey)

TTL : Jakarta,11 September 2003

Asal : Jakarta

Pesan : Semangat yaaa!!! Mudah2an bisa saling membantu

Nama : Silva Azzahra (Silva/Cipo)

TTL : Bandarlampung,30 Juli 2002

Asal : Lampung

Pesan : Semangat mulai kuliahnya,see you next year!

Nama : Najla Ardhia Maharani (Najla)

TTL : Bandarlampung,17 September 2002

Asal : Bandarlampung

Pesan : semangat IRFESTnya ya

Nama : Adinda Salsabila Zahra Riyadi ( Dinda)

TTL : Sidoarjo,2 Agustus 2002

Asal : Sidoarjo

Pesan : Semangat terus yaa! See you pas kuliah offline wkwk

Nama : Syafira Maharani Yanoro (Syafira)

TTL :Surabaya,15 Maret 2002

Asal : Jakarta

Pesan : semangat ya kamuu!!! aku yakin pasti bisaa

Nama : Angelique Harta B ( Angie)

TTL : Palangka Raya,10 Agustus 2002

Asal : Palangka Raya

Pesan : Semangattt kuliahnyaa! can’t wait to start this journey with u guysss!

Nama : Annisa Amalia ( Annisa/Nisa)

TTL : Jombang,28 April 2002

Asal : Jombang

Pesan : -semangKUY!

Nama : Fadillah Dwi Setyorini (Fadillah)

TTL : Surabaya,27 Oktober 2002

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan : Semangattt terussss yaaa jangan putus asa.i’ll be here for you.Aku baik hati dan tidak sombong kok hehe jadi kalau mau cerita” sama aku jangan sungkan yaa

Nama : Maulana Zulfikar Rachman ( Alan)

TTL : Yogyakarta,27 Mei 2002

Asal : Tangerang

Pesan : mangatt onlen class nyaa,can’t wait to see u guys

Nama : Zefanya Kharisma Nugroho

TTL : Surabaya,11 November

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan  hey i just met you,and this is crazy! so here’s my number,so call me maybe aw,gajadj,nomerku rahasia skakakak! YOK SEMANGAT YOK DI HI

Nama : Dandy Bagas Naufaldy (Dandy)

TTL: Surabaya,22 November 2001

Asal : Surabaya

Pesan : Semangat buat kuliah,jgn cepat menyerah dan semoga bisa tambah akrab

Caliel

Nama : Nareswari Wahyu Fianda ( Finda)

TTL : Bontang,15 Oktober 2001

Asal : Kaltim

Pesan : Semangat kuliahnya dhiw, semoga jurnalmu ga kelewat deadline. Makasiihh udah jadi ketua badut canada yg bobrok. CEPETAN MOVE ON YA MOMS✨✨✨✨

Nama : Samuel Elisa ( Samuel)

TTL : Jombang,11 Juni 2000

Asal : Jombang

Pesan :  kesehatannya dijaga lur jangan sampai ketiduran, canda ya kak wkwk. Semangat IRFESTnya!!! Yok bisa yok

[dhiwskyyy]

Mindmap IDP 2020

Ghaly Dhiwa Maulana - 072011233081 - Canada

A forest fire is a fire that burns out of control in a forest. Sometimes called wildfires, there are around 100,000 of them every year in the U.S. In all, these fires burn around 4-5 million acres of land. To put this into perspective, a football field is about one acre. So if you imagine 4-5 million football fields, that's a lot of burned land.

Forest fires are most common in the western states during the summertime. That is because in the west, rainfall is typically scarce during this time. Think about your lawn if it doesn't get water during the summer when the sun is out: it dries to a lovely shade of yellow, crunching under your feet. This very hot and dry environment creates prime conditions for a forest fire.

A forest fire is sparked by some type of heat source. Unfortunately, 4 out of 5 forest fires are started by people. As we pointed out earlier, many well-intended campers simply fail to completely put out their campfire. Cigarettes are a major cause as well. Ever seen someone throw a glowing cigarette butt from the car window? This easily sparks tinder-dry grasses, which can quickly start brush and forest fires.

As we acknowledge the Paris Aggrement,all of the leaders of all nations believe that there’s hope of fixing the climate change in this world. Together we can make this world climate-change free!

[dhiwskyyy]

Position Paper: Canada

Country:  Canada 

Topic Area:  CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE GROWING FOOD CRISIS

The growth of technology continues to improve our lives drastically but unfortunately, the convenience it provides is a detriment to the earth itself. Every day, greenhouse gases such as “carbon emissions” comes from the things we consume. The Greenhouse Effect plays a huge role in the climate crisis, which is a leading factor that causes food insecurity. Currently, humanity is facing the worst food crisis we’ve ever had in the past fifty years, and without any preventative steps taken, this problem can only get worse. Food insecurity has been described as a condition in which people lack basic food intake to provide them with the energy and nutrients for fully productive lives. Food security in Canada is defined as the requirement of adequate amounts of safe, nutritious, culturally acceptable food, accessible to all in a dignified and affordable manner.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicated in their fifth assessment report, that climate change would have significant effects on food, such as instability, lower crop-yield, reduced quality, etc in the near-to-medium term, resulting in food insecurity. Approximately 12.6% of households were considered to be food insecure in 2011–2012, representing 2.8 million adults and 1.5 million children under the age of 18. This particular crisis doesn’t only affect Canada, but also countries in South America, Africa, and if no preventive measures are taken, then maybe the whole world.

Canada believes that this is a very serious issue to address, as it not only affects Canada directly, but it is currently affecting a lot of other countries and in the future, the whole world. Canada proposes a few solutions in regards to this crisis, which mainly revolves in retorting to sustainable agriculture as a main food source. Sustainable Agriculture, or Plant Science, can make fewer passes over fields, reduce soil erosion, protect soil quality and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. As a leader in sustainable crop production, Canada proposes a few methods as solutions.

Introducing genetically modified canola and re-engineered planting equipment. The Canola Council of Canada found that adopting GM canola resulted in a reduction of herbicide use by 20 percent, decreased soil tillage, and cut diesel fuel consumption by the equivalent of eliminating 500,000 cars from our roads. At the same time, crop yields doubled, making canola the most profitable field crop for Prairie farmers. Though society believes that sustainable farming methods are not financially sustainable, facts prove otherwise. There are approximately 43,000 farmers in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba who grows canola. In 2017, canola contributed $26.7 billion to the Canadian economy.

Using “Zero Tillage” as an approach to crop farming. Zero Tillage ensures farming soil is kept as undisturbed as possible, with the soil only used during seeding and left alone otherwise. This keeps the soil covered with crop residue, which helps conserve topsoil and water. It produces 10-20 times less erosion than conventional tillage. This also requires less than a third of the fuel per acre than conventional tillage, which leads to less carbon footprints in the cropland.

Introduce crop science on a global scale. Crop science is not uncommon in Canadian prairie provinces. There are lots of research centers established in numerous prairie provinces. Crop science is the study of developing crops and making it more productive and suitable, for farmers and consumers. Establishing a worldwide study and collaborative research about crop science, styled more sustainably, can solve issues of unsustainable and unprofitable crops. As a country with applied crop science in our prairies, Canada is ready for sustainable-based crop science research in centers all across Canada.

With the applications of these methods, we believe that we can provide both short-term and long-term solutions. A somewhat quick yet sustainable solution has been suggested, while still considering long-term, research-based solutions. With our propositions and solutions, it can help the food crisis significantly so we can start to fix the issue of the current food crisis and also climate change as a whole.

References:

Dzisiak, David, et al., 2020. “WHAT NOW? Sustainable Canadian Agriculture: Canada's solution for a global problem. Canada West Foundation”. Canada West Foundation [Online] https://cwf.ca/research/publications/what-now-sustainable-canadian-agriculture-canadas-solution-for-a-global-problem/ [Accessed in 14 October 2020] Food Agriculture Organization, 2006. “Food Security”. FAO’s Agriculture and Development Economics Division. [Online] http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/faoitaly/documents/pdf/pdf_Food_Security_Cocept_Note.pdf [Accessed in 14 October 2020] Schnitter, Rebekka, Peter Barry, 2019. “The Climate Change, Food Security and Human Health Nexus in Canada: A Framework to Protect Population Health”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 16(14), pp 1-16 [Online] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6678521/#B14-ijerph-16-02531 [Accessed on 14 October 2019]

[dhiwskyyy]

Summary International Day Project 2020

Ghaly Dhiwa Maulana - 072011233081 - Canada

Rethinking International Community’s Role and Contribution in Climate Issue.

Perubahan iklim merupakan perubahan pola iklim global atau regional dalam jangka panjang yang disebabkan oleh kegiatan manusia yang menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca (Zakiyyah, 2020). Pengaruh dari perubahan iklim pun sangat luas seperti banjir, siklon tropis, kebakaran hutan, gagal panen, naiknya permukaan laut, dan sebagainya. Pada tahun 2030, 2000 pulau di Indonesia hilang dikarenakan meningkatnya air laut. Lautan global menyerap 93% pemanasan global, oleh karena itu air laut berubah jadi asam, ekosistemnya juga dalam kondisi darurat. Pengaruh negatif lainnya yaitu berkurangnya food supply, krisis air, kesehatan , dan rusaknya infrastruktur. Penyebab perubahan iklim yaitu efek rumah kaca. Bumi kita mempunyai atmosfer dan bisa kita bayangkan jika kita banyak membakar CO2, memotong pohon, dan terlalu banyak gas rumah kaca yang terletak di lapisan itu maka itulah yang mengakibatkan pemanasan global. Sumber gas rumah kaca berasal dari tambang batubara, industri pertanian, transportasi darat dan udara, kebakaran hutan, dan lainnya. Di indonesia, area yang paling banyak melepas emisi yaitu hutan dan lahan, karena pada kejadian kebakaran pada 2019 lalu.

Akibat masalah ini, pada 1988 WMO dan UNEP membentuk IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), dan pada 1992 didirikan UNFCCC (United Nation Framework Concention on Climate Change). Hubungan dari kedua organisasi seperti interaksi antara sains dan pembuat keputusan. Indonesia pernah menjamu acara di Bali dalam acara Bali Road Map – COP 13 pada 2007. Dan pada 2015 diadakan Persetujuan Paris antara negara maju dan negara berkembang yang memiliki komitmen untuk mencegah peningkatan suhu bumi dibawah 2 derajat celcius hingga 1,5 derajat celcius. Indonesia berkomitmen mengurangi angka emisi gas rumah kaca 29% & 41% melewati jalur kerjasama internasional. UNFCC memiliki beberapa negotiating blocs seperti Umbrella Group, Basic, ALBA, dan sebagainya. Namun, ambisi dunia untuk penurunan gas rumah kaca masih jauh di bawah target.  

Krisis iklim dapat dideskripsikan seperti selimut bagi bumi kita, krisis iklim terjadi karena terperangkapnya gas polutan di atmosfer (Isfandiari, 2020). Jadi semakin tebal selimut, semakin kita merasa panas. Menurut IPCC, 89% emisi karbon yang dirilis ke atmosfer berasal dari pembakaran fosil dan aktivitas indonesia. Dan perubahan ini memicu  bencana alam. Indonesia sangat bergantung pada energi fosil batubara, namun ada alternatif lain yaitu energi terbarukan yang selalu terbarukan, tidak pernah habis, dan jejak karbonnya rendah. Namun, pemanfaatan energi terbarukan di indonesia masih sangat minim dan yang baru kita manfaatkan masih 0.07%. Secara keseluruhan energi terbarukan yang baru digunakan 2.5%. Greenpeace Indonesia melakukan beberapa gerakan seperti raising awareness di berbagai sosial media, mengadakan kegiatan dialog publik bersama masyarakat, melakukan diskusi berama pemerintah, dan sebagainya.

Pemerintah indonesia berkomitmen untuk mengendalikan perubahan iklim melalui berbagai ratifikasi kebijakan internasional ke dalam peraturan perundang-undang, kebijakan, mapun rencana aksi nasional. APBN turut berkontribusi untuk mendanai mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim. Pemerintah indonesia memproyeksikan kebutuhan pembiayaan untuk mencapai target penurunan emisi di 2030 mencapai USD247,2 miliar atau sekitar Rp.3.461 triliun. Besarnya kebutuhan pembiayaan perubahan iklim, mendorong kementrian keuangan untuk memanfaatkan mekanisme penandaan anggaran perubahan iklim. mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim ,  dan pembiayaan inovatif (Syarifudin, 2020).

Perubahan iklim sudah menjadi persoalan yang sangat besar pada zaman ini. Penyebab dan dampak dari perubahan iklim inipun tidak sesederhana yang kita bayangkan. Yang bisa kita lakukan untuk mengurangi emisi yaitu hemat listrik, kurangi penggunaan AC, menggunakan trasnportasi umum, mengurangi penggunaan plastik, dan sebagainya. Yang bisa kita lakukan bersama yaitu mencari tahu mengenai isu ini, kita juga bisa efisiensi energi, kita bisa turut bersuara mengenai isu ini, dan mendukung pemerintah.

Referensi :

Zakiyyah, Lia. 2020. [WEBINAR]. Climate Change Issue. Dipresentasikan di webinar International Day Project oleh IRFEST 2020 pada hari Sabtu, 10 Oktober 2020.

Isfandiari, Adila. 2020. [WEBINAR]. Krisis Iklim. Dipresentasikan di webinar International Day Project oleh IRFEST 2020 pada hari Sabtu, 10 Oktober 2020.

Syaifudin, Noor. 2020. [WEBINAR]. Dana APBN. Dipresentasikan di webinar International Day Project oleh IRFEST 2020 pada hari Sabtu, 10 Oktober 2020.

[dhiwskyyy]

Intro to IR:Answering Question

Ghaly Dhiwa Maulana - 072011233081 - Canada

Nasionalisme merupakan sistem yang diciptakan oleh orang-orang yang yakin bahwa bangsanya memiliki derajat yang lebih tinggi dari yang lainnya. Seringkali, rasa superioritas ini berakar pada kesamaan etnis. Negara lain membangun nasionalisme di sekitar bahasa, agama, budaya, atau rangkaian nilai-nilai sosial bersama. Bangsa ini menekankan simbol, cerita rakyat, dan mitologi bersama. Musik, sastra, dan olahraga yang seragam dapat memperkuat nasionalisme lebih lanjut.

Identitas nasional sangat penting bagi kekayaan negara modern dan erat hubungannya dengan nasionalisme. Ketika diimplementasikan dalam bentuk nasionalisme yang parokial dan tidak toleran, maka dapat mendukung tindakan penganiayaan dan agresi. Namun,identitas nasional juga dapat dibangun di sekitar nilai-nilai politik liberal dan demokratis, dan di sekitar pengalaman bersama dari berbagai komunitas.Identitas nasional sangat berpengaruh dalam melakukan hubungan antarnegara.Pentingnya identitas nasional terhadap hubungan antarnegara adalah sebagai sebuah pegangan agar jelas apa cita-cita Indonesia dalam dunia perpolitikan internasional.Identitas nasional sebagai acuan bagi negara yang akan melakukan kegiatan hubungan internasional. Dapat dikatakan bahwa aktor-aktor IR juga tidak akan bisa menentukan tujuannya jika ia tidak tahu apa yang ia representasikan (Wendt, A., 1999). Oleh karena itu sangat krusial bagi suatu negara untuk memiliki identitas nasional yang mencerminkan cita-cita politik negara tersebut seperti “Politik Bebas Aktif” yang dianut oleh Indonesia sejak zaman Presiden I.R.Soekarno.

Selain itu berhubungan dengan melaksanakan perannya, aktor IR sangat mengandalkan kekuatan(power) yang dimilikinya demi meraih apa yang menjadi kepentingannya terkait dengan perannya sebagai perwakilan suatu negara.Menurut pendapat Joseph S. Nye Junior, power didalam IR sendiri dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi dua, yaitu hard power dan soft power. Hard power merupakan jenis power yang erat hubungannya dengan penggunaan kekuatan secara langsung baik yang bersifat memaksa ataupun yang bersifat seperti reward.Sedangkan soft power merupakan jenis kekuatan yang erat kaitannya dengan kecerdasan emosional, seperti cara komunikasi yang sifatnya persuasive yang membuat orang terpengaruh, yang dapat direalisasikan dalam bentuk negosiasi.

Referensi :

 Fukuyama,Francis(2018)  Why National Identity Matters 

Available from :

https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/why-national-identity-matters/

Saputra,Muhammad Dudi Hari (2017)  Definisi Kekuatan: Hard Power dan Soft Power 

Available from :

https://geotimes.co.id/opini/definisi-kekuatan-hard-power-dan-soft-power/

[dhiwskyyy]

INTRO to IR : Country’s Statement

Canada to UN

Canada to UN Statement on Rising Sea Levels.

Climate change has been a problem for years. We can trace the problem back to the early 19th century when the greenhouse effect was first identified. Over the years, the problem only grew to be a much bigger and more complex problem that is affecting more and more actors every day. One of the biggest impacts of climate change is rising sea levels. Because of the greenhouse gas that’s increasing day by day, our oceans have absorbed more than 90% of the heat from these gases. Glaciers have been melting and Greenland and Antarctica have been losing their ice sheets, causing the sea levels to rise. Since 1880, the average sea levels have swelled over 23cm, with about 7,6cm of it gained in the past 25 years. Every year the sea rises another 3.2mm. When we think of it as nothing more but the sea becoming higher, the consequences might not sound as scary, but the real effect of rising sea levels can be very impactful to a lot of sectors. Even a small increase can have a lot of impact. It can cause destructive erosion, wetland flooding, loss of habitats for animals, etc. A lot of countries in the world are greatly affected by this, including Canada. As scientist Tom James has quoted, “​Atlantic and Pacific Canada, and the Beaufort coastline in the Arctic, will experience relative sea-level rise, while sea levels in parts of Atlantic Canada are projected to rise even higher than the global average this century. Local sea-level rise will lead to increased flooding, which could lead to infrastructure and ecosystem damage as well as coastline erosion.” According to Canada’s 2019 report commissioned by the Environment and Climate Change Department, the country’s ocean is rising between one millimeter to 4.5 millimeters each year. With all the information that is served, we can see that Canada must take this problem seriously, for it is affecting the country greatly.

While Canada is greatly affected by it and threatened by consequences such as infrastructure and ecosystem damage, some countries don’t take this issue as seriously. Many countries believe that climate change affects negatively, but some of them don’t even believe in climate change. Climate change and rising sea levels have been a major problem worldwide. It affected our lives (and also political lives) in many aspects and by looking at it in this light, it is obvious that it also affects the relations between countries. Though it shouldn’t be a debate in the first place, some countries still believe that climate change is not real or is not as serious. The different perspective among nations has caused some tension in the international stage and a delay for an immediate solution. Climate change’s causes and impacts are distributed and felt across the international system, transcending traditional boundaries and jurisdictions of the states of the international system. Up until a certain point, this phenomenon has always been considered as low politics. This is possibly because back then, not a lot of people are fond of this issue and the impact of this rising sea level was slightly “invisible” for most people. We can see that from the unstoppable technology growth that has been impacting our lifestyle such as the “mandatory” need of an AC for some people (that is one of the contributors to greenhouse gas) Scholars based in security studies have often conceptualized environmental problems as an international security threat – with an increasing emphasis on climate change. ​We can conclude that climate change should be and is starting to be considered as high politics, not only because of its great impact on the environment, but also to the impact it has on the relationship between countries. Because of the obvious urgency, The Republic of Canada believes that there must be steps taken to prevent the situation from getting worse. The Republic of Canada, as a step to provoke global awareness, has taken a few steps that would hopefully impact the situation for the better in the long run.

One of our actions to solve this problem is by reducing gas emissions. Homes and buildings contribute 13 percent of Canada’s emissions. Now, the Canadian government has tried to reduce it by supporting home and building retrofit programs, such as Low Carbon Economy Fund and the Climate Action Incentive Fund. In the transportation aspect, which contributes 25 percent of Canada’s emissions, the government’s actions are investing in public transit and establishing light-duty zero-emission vehicles policy targets to 100% by 2040. We believe that by provoking awareness and contributing to a single step in fixing this problem, all nations can realise how big of a threat the rising sea level is on a global scale. By addressing this issue sooner, we can try and take a step into preventing it from getting worse or better yet reverse the situation so when the time comes, we can leave the earth with a livable condition for generations to come. Reference: Government of Canada. (2019)​. Melting Glaciers, Rising Sea Levels, Thawing Permafrost and Unpredictable Groundwater Levels: The Unsettling Effects of Climate Change​ [online]. Government of Canada. Available at: https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/simply-science/21842?wbdisable=true​ (Accessed:2 October 2020). Hennig, Clare. (2019). ​Canada’s sea levels are rising - and that’s got British Columbians in coastal cities concerned ​[online]. CBC News. Available at: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/climate-change-report-bc-co astal-cities-1.5083449​ (Accessed: 2 October 2020). Nunez, Christina. (2019). ​Sea levels rise, explained​ [online]. National Geographic. Available at: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/sea-level-ri se/#:~:text=The%20change%20in%20sea%20levels,oceans%20simply%20occup ying%20more%20space​ (Accessed: 2 October 2020). Sosa-Nunez, Gustavo and Atkins, Ed. (2016). ​Climate Change and International Relations​ [online]. E-International Relations. Available at:

https://www.e-ir.info/2016/04/11/climate-change-and-international-relations/ (Accessed: 2 October 2020).