diemandarinen
diemandarinen
die Mandarinen (nfpl)
44 posts
c // 21 // langblr // studying: french, german, spanish, scottish gaelic // want to learn: arabic, russian, haitian creole
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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How to pronounce Plus
Plus can have three possible pronunciations:
\ply\ "plu"
In "ne... plus" (Not anymore): Je ne t'aime plus - I don't love you anymore (unless there's a liaison)
In a superlative construction: Je suis la plus drôle - I am the funniest
In a comparative construction, before a consonant: Ton grand frère est plus grand que moi - Your older brother is taller than me
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\plys\ "plusse"
When followed by De (More of): Il y a plus de chats que de chiens à Paris - There are more cats than dogs in Paris
When followed by Plus que (More than): Je dors plus que d'habitude en ce moment - I sleep more than usual these days
When it's the last word of the sentence: Allez, à plus! - Alright, see you later!
In certain expressions: Plus que, De plus, Sans plus, En plus...
In maths: Trois plus deux - Three plus two
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\plyz\ "pluz"
When followed by a mute H: Je suis plus heureuse aujourd'hui - I am happier today
When there's a liaison (i.e. when followed by a vowel): Il est encore plus aimable que je ne pensais - He's even nicer than I thought
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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How to pronounce French
What to pronounce as a set:
En/an/ean/em + consonant > en: Jean-Paul, La vie en rose
In/un/ain/ein > un: Alain Delon, C’est un endroit
Er/ai/ai(en)t/é/et > é: Champs Élysées
Ou + consonant > ou: À minuit ou à midi
O/au(x)/eau(x) > o: Aux champs Élysées
Eu > eu: Le fabuleux destin d’Amélie Poulain
Gn > nieu: Montagne, f - mountain
On + consonant > on: Bonjour, Paris!
Eil-le > eyy: Bouteille, f - bottle
Oe > eu: Coeur, m - heart
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What NOT to pronounce:
1/ The last letters:
-S, for nouns, pronouns and verbs: Les voitures, f - cars
-Z: Nez, m - nose, entrez - come in!
-T: Le chat, m - the cat, tout - everything
-D: Lourd, m - heavy; prétend - pretends, 3PS
-Ps: Temps, m - time/weather; printemps, m - spring
-X: Bijoux, m - jewels; beaux, m - beautiful, pl
-E: Arbre, m - tree; chaise, f - chair
2/ Other letters:
H-: Hêtre, m - beech, humain, m - human, hérisson, m - hedgehog
-S-, sometimes: If you see a word contain an Ô, that accent was very likely a former -OS- (Hostel, hospital), the -s- is then mute
-D-, sometimes, in set expressions: La grand roue - the big wheel; La grand-mère - the grandmother…
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About S:
S- : ss > Sucre, m - sugar
Sc ; ls : ss > Fils, m (son); scie, f - saw
Ss : ss > Poisson, m - fish
-S (for a not-verb/not-noun) is either ss or mute. Tous as an indefinite adjective, a comparative, a superlative or a negative: mute (Il n’y a plu(s) de pain - There’s no more bread; C’est la plu(s) gentille - She’s the nicest); as an indefinite pronoun: ss (Tous”s” ces hommes)
N.B.: When -s is followed by a vowel, make a Z liaison: Vou(s)-z-avez; Le(s)-z-éléphants
About C:
C+a: k > Café, m - coffee; cauchemar - nightmare, m
C+e: ss > Cercle, m - circle; céleri, m - celery
C+h: ch > Chaussette, f - sock; chaud, m - warm; or k (exceptions)
C+i: ss > Citrouille, f - pumpkin; citron, m - lemon
C+l: k > Clé, f - key; classeur, m - binder
C+o: k > Coquin - naughty, m; copain/pine - buddy
C+r: k > Croquer - to bite; cri, m - scream
C+u: k > Culotte, f - panties; cuir, m - leather
Ç: ss > Maçon, m - bricklayer; français-e - french
About G:
G+e, g+i, g+y > soft G: Gynécologue; gentil-le - nice
G+a, g+o, g+u, g+consonant > hard G: Grammaire, f
About: the final -r, liaisons, liaisons before h-…
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If you want to hear those sets:
youtube
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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Graded quantifiers
Comparative forms:
Adjectives/adverbs:
My house is bigger than yours: Ma maison est plus grande que la tienne
His tree is less pretty than hers: Son sapin est moins joli que le sien
She’s as tall as him: Elle est aussi grande que lui
We come as often as you do: Nous venons aussi souvent que toi
Nouns/verbs:
He’s got as many gifts as last year: Il a eu autant de cadeaux que l’année dernière
He’s got more gifts than last year: Il a eu plus de cadeaux que l’année dernière
He’s got fewer gifts than last year: Il a eu moins de cadeaux que l’année dernière
She eats more than he does: Elle mange plus que lui
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Superlative forms :
It’s the best meal i ever had: C’est le meilleur plat que j’aie jamais mangé
My daughter got the best grade: Ma fille a eu la meilleure note
I just had the worst day of my life: J’ai passé la pire journée de ma vie
He’s the one who has the most cats: C’est lui qui a le plus de chats
She’s the one who runs the quickest: C’est celle qui court le plus vite
It’s the least fat cat of all: C’est le moins gros de tous les chats
NB. It’s better that way: C’est mieux comme ça - His grades are worse than mine: Ses notes sont pires que les miennes - This cake is better than last time: Ce gâteau est meilleur que la dernière fois (irregular: great/bad/good).
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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How to pronounce Plus
Plus can have three possible pronunciations:
\ply\ "plu"
In "ne... plus" (Not anymore): Je ne t'aime plus - I don't love you anymore (unless there's a liaison)
In a superlative construction: Je suis la plus drôle - I am the funniest
In a comparative construction, before a consonant: Ton grand frère est plus grand que moi - Your older brother is taller than me
*
\plys\ "plusse"
When followed by De (More of): Il y a plus de chats que de chiens à Paris - There are more cats than dogs in Paris
When followed by Plus que (More than): Je dors plus que d'habitude en ce moment - I sleep more than usual these days
When it's the last word of the sentence: Allez, à plus! - Alright, see you later!
In certain expressions: Plus que, De plus, Sans plus, En plus...
In maths: Trois plus deux - Three plus two
*
\plyz\ "pluz"
When followed by a mute H: Je suis plus heureuse aujourd'hui - I am happier today
When there's a liaison (i.e. when followed by a vowel): Il est encore plus aimable que je ne pensais - He's even nicer than I thought
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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How to say “potato” in some of the Romance languages of Latin America and Europe -🥔🍟-
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Wild potato species, originating in modern-day Peru, can be found throughout the Americas, from Canada to southern Chile.
Potatoes were domesticated approximately 7,000–10,000 years ago in the Andes region of South America, where the species is indigenous.
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Etymology:
Batata: Borrowed from Taíno “batata” (Portugal, Brazil, Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire)
Papa: Borrowed from Quechua “papa” (Latin America & Canaries)
Patata: The Royal Spanish Academy says that it is a hybrid of the Taíno “batata” and the Quechua “papa” (Spain & Italy)
Patate: Borrowed from “patata” (France, French Caribbean, Haiti)
Pomme de terre: Literally meaning "an apple from the earth.” (France, French Caribbean)
Pòmdetè: From “Pomme de terre” (Haiti)
Cartof: From German “Kartoffel” (Romania, Moldova)
Barabulă: From Ukrainian “барабо́ля” (Moldova)
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“Potato” in Spain
-🥔🍟-
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The English word “potato” comes from the Spanish word “patata”, which, according to the Real Academia Española, is a blend of “papa” (from Quechua) + “batata” (from Taíno).
Many English words for food come from Indigenous languages. Like tomato from “tomatl” (Nahuatl).
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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Braille is not a language
Braille is not a language. Braille is a system for making printed words accessible to blind people.
All braille looks the same visually. There is no bold or italic in braille, and there are no fonts or scripts.  Braille is always read left-to-right, even in languages that are printed right to left. Languages that are printed in different alphabets still look the same in Braille.
For example, even though Hebrew and English look dramatically different in print, they look the same in Braille. This can sometimes mislead sighted people into thinking that Braille is its own language, but it is not.
The only major difference between Braille and print is that Braille uses raised dots instead of visually distinct letters. (A minor difference: Braille uses a lot of contractions to make it less verbose.) 
Braille is not translation, and putting something into Braille does not change the meaning.
If an English book is brailled, it’s still in English, and it still has all of the same words. It hasn’t changed languages; it’s just been encoded in a way that makes it possible to read by feeling rather than seeing.
tl;dr Braille is not a language, and brailling books doesn’t change the meaning, Braille just makes it possible to read with your hands.
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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The gender of countries
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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Always plural nouns
Agissements, m: wrongdoings
Annales, f: annals
Armoiries, f: coat of arms
Arrhes, f: deposit
Beaux-Arts, m: Fine Arts
Belles-Lettres, f: Fine Literature
Bonnes manières, f: good manners
Calendes, f: calends
Champs-Elysées, m: Elysian fields
Ciseaux, m: scissors
Clopinettes, f: nothing/peanuts (casual)
Commodités, f: amenities
Dépens, m: expense (at the expense of)
Des hauts et des bas, m: ups and downs
Échecs, m: chess
Entrailles, f: entrails, bowels
Environs, m: surroundings
États-Unis, m: United States
Feux de circulation, m: traffic lights
Fiançailles, f: engagement
Frais, m: expenses/fees (des frais de port)
Funérailles, f: funeral
Gens, m: people
Honoraires, m: fees
Ides, f: ides
Jumeaux, m: twins 
Lunettes, f: glasses
Mathématiques, f: maths
Menstrues, f: menses
Moeurs, f: morals
Obsèques, f: funeral
Oreillons, m: mumps
Prémices, f: beginnings
Règles, f: periods
Représailles, f: retaliation
Saintes Écritures, f: Holy Scriptures
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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Unexpected terminations
Nouns ending in -é(e):
Un caducée (caduceus), l’apogée (peak), colisée (coliseum), lycée (high school), macchabée (corpse - rare), mausolée (mausoleum), musée (museum), périnée (perineum), pygmée (pygmy), trophée (trophy) camée (cameo - jewel), aparté (aside - theater), scarabée (beatle)
l’acné (f, acne), la charité (charity), bonté (benevolence), capacité (skill, capacity), priorité (priority), clarté (brightness, clearness, clarity), clé (key), amitié (friendship), beauté, volonté (will(power)), psyché (psyche), santé (health), brutalité (brutality), rapidité (speed/quickness), pitié (pity), moitié (half), liberté (freedom), égalité (equality), qualité, réalité, société, propreté (cleanliness), fermeté (firmness), vérité (truth), sonorité (tone), sororité, diversité, honnêteté, fragilité, humilité, humidité, générosité, simplicité, sobriété, anxiété, étrangeté (strangeness), pureté, générosité, quantité, qualité, fidélité (faithfulness), surdité (deafness), maternité, unité…
Masculine nouns ending in -le:
Testicule (a testicle), ovule (an ovum), pétale (a petal), alvéole (an alveolus), tentacule (a tentacle), granule (a pellet),
Masculine nouns ending in -te:
Termite (a termite), entracte (an intermission), l’amiante (m, asbestos)
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Nouns ending in -re:
Un haltère (a dumbbell), horaire (a schedule), viscères (viscera), l’ambre (amber), hémisphère, l’algèbre (m, algebra), esclandre (a tantrum), augure (omen, oracle), météore (meteor), épiderme (skin layer)
une échappatoire (a way out), écritoire (a writing board), ancre (an anchor), patère (a coat hook), coriandre (coriander), moustiquaire (a mosquito screen), hydre (an hydra), épître (an epistle)
Nouns ending in -que/-gue/-ge: 
Un obélisque (an obelisk), un épilogue (an epilogue), un éloge (a praise), un orgue (an organ - the instrument), un arpège (arpeggio)
Une tique (a tick), une équivoque (a misunderstanding), l’ammoniaque (f, ammoniac), une orque (an orca)
Nouns ending in -me/-ne: 
Une anagramme (an anagram), une oriflamme (a flag - rare)
Un emblème (an emblem), un agrume (a citrus fruit), un arcane (an arcana), un insigne (a badge), un hymne (a hymn)
A few more:
Une oasis (an oasis)
Un effluve (exhalations)
Une épitaphe (an epitaph) 
Un armistice (an armistice)
La réglisse (liquorice)
Un exode (an exodus)
Une omoplate (a shoulder blade)
Une alcôve (an alcove)
Une ode (an ode)
Une rixe (a brawl)
Un abysse (an abyss)
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A few more posts: common terminations, epicene words (masculine + feminine, different meaning), ‘gender neutral’ words (masculine or feminine, same meaning), colour adjectives agreement.
NB: When I use L’/la before a noun it means it’s an uncountable noun and that forces you to use a partitive determiner.
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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Random German Vocabulary (65)
die Bestürzung – dismay der Federstrich – the stroke of a pen die Stupsnase – snub nose die Zäsur – turning point
(jemanden) behelligen – to bother (someone) gedeihen – to thrive; to flourish verfeinern – to refine (jemanden) verhören – to interrogate (someone)
grässlich – horrible kleingeistig – small-minded; petty lupenrein – flawless präsidial – presidential
(jemandem) kein Haar krümmen – to not touch a hair on (someone’s) head durch (etwas) stöbern – to browse through (something) Kohldampf haben – to be starving (sich) leger anziehen – to dress casually
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
Video
youtube
Having fun building German compound words
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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hallo! salut! shin sibh!
i’ve recently hit a complete wall w/ my language studies and i thought a langblr would be a great way to bring back my motivation and meet likeminded people! i am a uni student studying applied languages and translation with french and german, i have also studied spanish and am a beginner self-studying (for now) scottish gaelic and haitian creole. i would also love to learn arabic, russian and mandarin chinese, among others.
next year i will be doing my dissertation and i'm looking at writing it on post-colonial linguistics or literature, the impact of language and language policy as a tool to uphold colonialism, or the use of AAVE/MLE as minstrelsy, resources for which i would also like to find/share on here if anyone is interested!
ANYWAY tl;dr i'd love to meet fellow langblr/studyblr people or generally anyone interested in languages/history on here! pls follow if u want to be friends! <3
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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So peaceful Souvenir. A brother singing ancient Andalusian song in Al-hambra palace.
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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Linkers
Link words:
And : et /e/
Or : ou /u/
But : mais /mɛ/
With : avec /a.vɛk/
Without : sans /sɑ̃/
If : si /si/
Then : puis /pɥi/, alors /a.lɔʁ/, ensuite /ɑ̃.sɥit/
More : plus (”plusse” or “plu”) /plys/
No more : plus (”plu”) /ply/
How : comment /kɔ.mɑ̃/
Who : qui /ki/
What : quoi /kwa/
Why : pourquoi /puʁ.kwa/
In space:
Where : où /u/
In : dans /dɑ̃/
Out : hors (de) /ɔʁ/
In front : devant /də.vɑ̃/
Behind : derrière /dɛ.ʁjɛʁ/
Beside, next to : à côté de /a ko.te də/
On : sur /syʁ/
Under : sous /su/
On top, above : au dessus de /o.də.sy də/
Underneath, below : en dessous de /o.də.su də/
Inside : dedans / outside : dehors /də.ɔʁ/
Here : ici /i.si/
There : là-bas /la.bɑ/
Everywhere : partout /paʁ.tu/
Anywhere : n’importe où /n‿ɛ̃.pɔʁt u/
Left : gauche /ɡoʃ/
Right : droite /dʁwat/
Straight ahead : tout droit /tu dʁwa/
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Generic linking bits:
So : donc /dɔ̃k/
Given that : étant donné que /e.tɑ̃ dɔ.ne kə/
And so on and so forth : et ainsi de suite /e ɛ̃.si də sɥit/
Moreover : en plus /ɑ̃ plys/, plus encore /plys ɑ̃.kɔʁ/
Whereas : tandis que /tɑ̃.di kə/
As long as : tant que /tɑ̃ kə/
Although : bien que /bjɛ̃ kə/
Or even : voire /vwaʁ/, ex : we could call him, voire visit him
Btw : d’ailleurs /d‿a.jœʁ/
Actually : d’ailleurs /d‿a.jœʁ/
Because : parce que /paʁ.skə/, car /kaʁ/
Thanks to : grâce à /ɡʁɑ.s‿a/
Negative bits:
Nonetheless : toutefois /tu.tə.fwa/, néanmoins /ne.ɑ̃.mwɛ̃/
However : cependant /sə.pɑ̃.dɑ̃/
Unless : à moins que /a mwɛ̃ kə/
Except : hormis /ɔʁ.mi/, à l’exception de /a l‿ɛk.sɛp.sjɔ̃ də/
Nevertheless : en revanche /ɑ̃ ʁ(ə).vɑ̃ʃ/
Provided that : à condition que (+ subj) /a kɔ̃.di.sjɔ̃ kə/
Anyway : de toute façon /də tut fa.sɔ̃/, ex : whatever you say, de toute façon I won’t OR bref /bʁɛf/, ex : ??…anywaaaay
In case of : au cas où /o kɑ u/
In spite of that : malgré ça /mal.ɡʁe sa/
Despite : en dépit de /ɑ̃ de.pi də/
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Giving an opinion:
Undoubtedly : sans doute /sɑ̃ dut/
Of course : bien sûr /bjɛ̃ syʁ/
True : c’est vrai /s‿ɛ vʁɛ/
False : c’est faux /s‿ɛ vʁɛ fo/
Indeed : en effet, effectivement /e.fɛk.tiv.mɑ̃/
According to : selon /sə.lɔ̃/
In my opinion : à mon avis /a mɔ̃ a.vi/
Absolutely : absolument /ap.sɔ.ly.mɑ̃/
Right! : c’est ça! /s‿ɛ sa/
You’re right/wrong : tu as raison/tort /ty a ʁɛ.zɔ̃/tɔʁ/
For sure : c’est certain /s‿ɛ ˈsɛᴚtɛ̃/
In time: 
Before : avant /a.vɑ̃/
After : après /a.pʁɛ/
During : pendant /pɑ̃.dɑ̃/
As soon as : dès que /dɛ kə/
Already : déjà /de.ʒa/
On time : à l’heure /a l‿œʁ/
Late (adj) : en retard /ɑ̃ ʁ(ə).taʁ/
Currently : actuellement /ak.tɥɛl.mɑ̃/
Earlier : plus tôt /ply to/
Later : plus tard /ply taʁ/
Arguing skeletton: 
First : d’abord /d‿a.bɔʁ/, premièrement /pʁə.mjɛʁ.mɑ̃/
On one hand : dans un premier temps /dɑ̃.z‿œ̃ pʁə.mje tɑ̃/, d’une part  /d‿yn paʁ/
Then : ensuite /ɔn ˈswit/, de plus /də plys/
Furthermore : en outre /ɑ̃.n‿utʁ/
Besides : par ailleurs /pa.ʁ‿a.jœʁ/
On the other hand : d’autre part /d‿o.tʁə paʁ/, dans un deuxième temps /dɑ̃.z‿œ̃ dø.zjɛm tɑ̃/
But on the other hand : par contre /paʁ kɔ̃tʁ/, en revanche /ɑ̃ ʁ(ə).vɑ̃ʃ/
In addition to : en plus de /ɑ̃ plys də/
Therefore : par conséquent /paʁ kɔ̃.se.kɑ̃/ conséquemment /kɔ̃.se.ka.mɑ̃/
Finally : enfin /ɑ̃.fɛ̃/, finalement /fi.nal.mɑ̃/
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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Avoir- expressions
Avoir quelqu’un à l’oeil - keeping an eye on someone
Avoir bon coeur - being good-hearted
Avoir bon dos - being a good excuse
Avoir quelqu’un dans le nez - being mad at someone
Avoir d’autres chats à fouetter - having better things to do
Avoir de la merde dans les yeux - not seeing the obvious (rude)
Avoir de la veine - being lucky
Avoir des cornes - being cheated on
Avoir des couilles - being brave (rude)
Avoir des étoiles dans les yeux - being amazed
avoir des fourmis - having pins and needles
Avoir des yeux derrière la tête - being able to see abs everything
Avoir du bol/du pot - being lucky
Avoir du chien - looking good (old)
Avoir du cran - being brave
Avoir du nez - having a good intuition
Avoir du temps à perdre - having time to waste
Avoir été bercé trop près du mur - being another level of dumb
Avoir faim - being hungry
Avoir la chair de poule - having goosebumps
Avoir la conscience tranquille - having a clear conscience
Avoir la gueule de bois - being hangover
Avoir la langue bien pendue - being chatty
Avoir la main - being the one who plays/leads (in games, usually)
Avoir la main verte - being a good gardener
Avoir la patate/la pêche - being smiley, happy 
Avoir la peau dure - being hard to break
Avoir la peur au ventre - being super scared
Avoir la puce à l’oreille - having suspicions
Avoir le bras long - having a lot of influence
Avoir le cafard - feeling blue
Avoir le cœur gros - feeling sad
Avoir le compas dans l’œil - having an accurate eye (measurements)
Avoir le feu au cul - being horny
Avoir le sang chaud - being hot-blooded
Avoir le vent en poupe - being successful
Avoir les dents du fond qui baignent - being drunk
Avoir les dents longues - being overly ambitious
Avoir les foies - being scared (old)
Avoir les jetons - being scared
Avoir les mains li��es - having one’s hands tied
Avoir les oreilles bouchées - having blocked ears
Avoir les oreilles qui saignent - having bleeding ears after hearing something awful
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Avoir les oreilles qui sifflent - having ringing ears
Avoir les yeux plus gros que le ventre - taking too much food
Avoir les yeux qui saignent - having bleeding eyes after (…)
Avoir l’estomac dans les talons - being super hungry
Avoir l’œil - having a good eye (for outfits, flowers, etc)
Avoir mal aux cheveux - being in pain after a night of drinking
Avoir mangé du lion - being super energetic 
Avoir soif - being thirsty
Avoir toute sa tête - being mentally heathly
Avoir un balai dans le cul - being uptight
Avoir un chat dans la gorge - having a frog in the throat
Avoir un cœur d’artichaut - falling in love easily
Avoir un coup de foudre - falling in love at first sight
Avoir un mal de chien - having a hard time doing something
Avoir un œil qui dit merde à l’autre - squinting (rude)
Avoir un oursin dans sa poche - being miser
Avoir un poil dans la main - being lazy
Avoir un polichinelle dans le tiroir - being pregnant
Avoir une araignée dans le plafond - being nutty
Avoir une brioche au four - being pregnant
Avoir une case en moins - having a screw loose
Avoir une cervelle de moineau - forgetting things easily 
Avoir une dent contre quelqu’un - being mad at someone
Avoir une faim de loup - being super hungry
Avoir une mémoire d’éléphant - having a great memory
Avoir une peur bleue - being super scared
En avoir plein le cul - being super annoyed (rude)
Ne pas avoir gardé les cochons ensemble - way to tell someone who’s being overfriendly or touchy to back off
Ne pas avoir les yeux en face des trous - being too tired to think straight
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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Grammar Masterlist
Here are all of the French grammar post I have made so far:
Les pronoms objets
How to form sentences in French
La conjugaison des verbes réguliers
L’utilisation du gérondif
Subjonctif in relative clauses
Subordonné complétive
leur vs leurs
Tout/tous/toute/toutes
Les articles partitifs
Quelquefois ou quelque fois
Les pronoms 
Le discours indirect
Other methods to express conditions
si-phrases
Subjonctif
Subjonctif: avoir
Subjonctif: être
en ce moment vs à ce moment
Adverbs
Les structures du verbe
Peut-être
Compléments de nom
passer avec avoir et être
venir de +Inf
finir de vs finir par
Parce que ou car?
Y ou en?
Conditionnel
French basics: poser une question
Overview tenses and verbs- ask
Les adjectifs beau et nouveau
Vocab masterlist /Song translation masterlist/ Expressions masterlist
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diemandarinen · 3 years ago
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I will keep updating the folder that is linked below. This contains short stories in German for beginners and they are easy to understand, plus vocabulary and exercises are given at the end of each chapter.
Note : Further updates may not contain vocabulary and exercises but I'll make sure they'll be found useful.
Here's the link : Click.
Happy Learning!
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