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Folio from a manuscript of Nigaristan, Iran, probably Shiraz, dated 1573-74

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iuvenis

Ulfhenoar

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Arab: Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid

Persian: Buyid, Ziyarid dynasty, Ghurid Dynasty, Banu Ilyas,

Zayyanid

Berber: Almoravid, Almohad, Hammamids, Zirids

Turkic: Kara Khanid, Ghaznavid, Seljuk, Ottoman, Delhi, Mughal

The Berbers being more influenced by the Arabs and the Turks more influenced by the Persians. Each also adding an ethnic blend into the Islamic world.

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Complications of the Nation State

-Nation States that Behave as Empires: One of the prime issues the nation state attempts to solve is the mitigation of violence between various polities. Specifically, the never ending feud between global empires. Rather than having lands constantly being fought over and annexed, each nation is a lotted to itself a territory which is congruent to people. This is meant to keep each polity as a sovereign and self sustaining entity, preventing them engaging in war against other countries. While this model has positive intentions, the presence of multiple global hegemons disrupts the idealized nation state structure.

While modernity claims to have abolished empire, there are still nation states which behave like them. Political scientists coined the term "Great Power" to define these nation states that express imperial adjacent qualities. So here in lies the hypocrisy: Great Powers masquerade as humble, isolated nation states yet they carry out expansionist military policies. Specifically, there are three nations that fit this stereotype: China, Russia, and the United States. While claiming to adhere to the nation state model, each of these powers actively subverts the will of more feeble countries. Whether by covert operations, sanctions, media control, or outright military efforts, the presence of Great Powers demonstrates the failure of the nation state to contain the echoes of empire. Admittedly, while the modern era has mitigated the presence of fully fledged empires, it has still failed its ultimate purpose. The rule of tradition still stands: Weak nations are subservient to the strong nations.

-Imperfect Boarders: west and anglosphere

-Inability to Maintain Power Against Third Party Interests: Organized crime and Corporate

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Though many people tend to forget, the early Franks were essentially Vikings. Their raids had a maritime nature to them which reached as far as the Mediterranean. Not to mention, the Saline Franks believed Merovich to be descended from a mythical sea monster. So, Germanic heathens conducting naval raids... Sounds familiar doesn't it?

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Q&A: Religion as a Ethno-National Marker (And Vice Versa)

In your response to my previous question to ethnos in antiquity you adressed my prompts in a pragmatic, logistical, and military fashion. While I appreciated this response, I was hoping you would instead take a more religious/ideological perspective on what compels the barbarian to assimilate. For example, you go into great depth about the fanatical obsession the Germanic tribes had with the Roman Empire. They did not partake in Romanity purley out of pragmatism, but because of the allure Rome presented to them. I was hoping you would draw this parallel between the Steppe, China, and Persia.

Bosnia: Religion as an Ethnic Marker, establishment of the independent Bosnian Church

Spain: Limpieza de Sangre, ethnic lineage as a religious marker.

Shintoism as the Soul of Japan: Tradition and WW2

India: Hindu Nationalism, Islam and the Dharmic Faiths, Hinduism as a universal faith just as its offspring of Buddhism was (indo-european in origin) but now is propagated as an extension of nationalism. Islam in turn is portrayed as a

Iran: Zoroastrianism, Shi'ism, and Sunnism

United States: Protestantism as the Founding Faith

Ethiopia: Amhara as the Heirs of Solomon, Christanity as the national faith

Greece: Romiosyne 

Berbers and Almohadism/Khajrites:

Germany: A Religious Ouroboros. Perhaps my analysis is melodramatic or exaggerated, but there is no other nation I have come across so far that has experienced such a religious crisis as the Germans. It is like the ouroboros, a pagan people are enlightened to Christ but receive him under the Arian Faith. They then metamorphosize into an embodiment of Latin Christendom only to become Protestants, even embarking on the culture kampf. As a period of secularization continued under the Weimar Republic, a gradual rise of atheism was taking place in the background. A bizarre revival of Paganism, with its roots in the Volkisch Movement, then manifested under Nazism. Nazism, which yearned for a revival of their ancestral faith. It appears, Jormungardr, having its appetite unquenched, bites its head. You see the roots manifest into the modern day with the bizarre split between Rainbow Heathenism and Neo-Nazism. Your channel sporadically brings up their pop-cultures influence on historical insights and how it is molded into palatable ideas that pander to modern poltical beliefs.

As opposed to the previous Q&A in regards to ethnic identity in the middle ages, I do not plan to exhaust another list for you, unless it is apparent that a follow-up is needed.

I also wanted to flood you with more: Tang China (Daoism vs Buddhism), Rome (Ecumenism to Christianity, which you have covered extensively), Asshur Assyria and the City of Asshure, Athens and Athena

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National Identity:

China: Communism, Five Races,

Russia: Pan-Slavism, Eurasianism, Tsarist Orthodoxy, Sovietism

Germany: Embodiment of Latin Christendom and the Continuity of the Romans, German Empire, Germanic Paganism (Rainbow Heathenism vs Neo-Nazism), Communist Secularism

Poland: Sarmatianism, Visegrad

Czech Republic: Pan Slavism,

Greece: Hellenism, Byzantium

Hungary: Turanism, Visegrad

Brazil

Greece: Hellenism, Byzantium, Mediterrianism

Turkey: Islamic Ottomanism, Turanism, Europeanism

Iraq

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I should preface that I do not subscribe to the philosophy of open society. Maintaining an ethnic core and cultural homogeneity is the framework of many states The nation-state deceives modern laymen into believing that tradition adheres to a homogenous society, while heterogeneity is a product of modernity. It is in fact, the reverse. Rather than viewing a country's heterogeneity as a construct of modernity, it should be acknowledged as a universal trait of tradition. This constant, annoying push and pull between the dominant society and its peripheral cultures is eternal. It is the duty of both the ruler and broader society to sort out equity among all its peoples. This is tradition. Its roots even stem into the modern day of nation-states as exemplified by the existence of autonomous provinces:

Spain and the Basques

Italy and Sicily

China and Tibet

India's various eastern provinces

Many people observe these populations and feel an intense annoyance at why they do not accept the identity of their state and assimilate into the broader culture. Though there should be a degree of assimilation that occurs, it should be acknow

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I should preface that I do not subscribe to the philosophy of open society. Maintaining an ethnic core and cultural homogeneity is the framework of every state. With this being said, I would like to add that the cultural sway between the dominant society and its peripheral ethnicities is not unique to the modern era. Many have been deceived by the model of the nation-state, thinking that ancient polities were always homogenous and mantained rigid borders. But the intricacies of history actually reveal a difference. The earlist states, into the middle ages and the modern early era, have always exhibited a certain degree of heterogeneity. This heterogenitiy was always significant enough that the dominant ehtnos of a state could not simply rely on the brutal subjugation of this minorities, but had to learn how to satiate their needs. Nationalism attempted to create an order of peace, by where a state's boarders were meant to be established by the boundaries of its people. As well intended as this was meant to be, boarders and demographics are not perfect and lead to conflict. Lay people then assume the reverse, theey assume that homogeous nation states with rigid borders are an aspect of tradition, it is then an aspect of the modern era that broke away and attempted to promote heterogenous states. So rather than attempting to forcefully homogenize or subjugate minorities, it should be acknowleged that the clash between the dominant and subminority is in fact, a universal trait which is woven into every polity since the dawn of civilization. Therefore we should acknowledge that the solution is not to craft a completely homogenous nation state, but to strike a balance amongst the hegemony and those at its fringe.

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“Bella gerant alii, tu felix Austria nube” “Let others wage war; you, fortunate Austria, marry.”

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Tacitus to Dublin 1171 AD

-At one point was likely a universal warrior but later took on a different role as time went on. Berserkers, in the late stage of their use of the viking era, were later seen as brigands and outcasts (even before Christianization). This was functional in the ancient world, but in the 11th and 12th century improved and civilized. This was of living was now incompatible.

-in the age of the romans the berserker was now a distinct entity from the mass of free warriors

-extension of a weaker, decentralized tribal era

-semi-human/equine (horse and wolf/bear) demons

-"Blood thirsty" kidnappers "the speedy ones"

-Syncretism of the wolf and horse, sky and earth, blood rains down

-entering into the warrior brotherhood, you have lost your sense of individuality, take land and resources

-elevated elite warriors which the village gave expenses for

-the man-wolf, those who defend from the wolf, inner germanic retinue

The berserker, especially in the form of the úlfhéðinn, reflects a fusion of the wolf's rage and the horse's liminal, psychopompic power. In symbolic terms, this syncretism makes the berserker not just a warrior — but a threshold figure: A liminal being who channels animal spirits, rides between the worlds, and fights as a god-possessed force. Their were obliged to slay their foe in the name of the deity that possessed them.

-tranied abused, erased as individuals, and rebuilt as virile force of death

-literally beaten and scarred