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Home security system using internet of things

Introduction or Internet Things refers to the network of connected physical objects that can communicate and exchange data among themselves without the need of any human intervention. It has been formally defined as an “Infrastructure of Information Society”, because IoT allows us to collect information from all kind of mediums such as humans, animals, vehicles, kitchen appliances. Thus any object in the physical world which can be provided with an IP address to enable data transmission over a network can be made part of IoT system by embedding them with electronic hardware such as sensors, software and networking gear. IoT is different than Internet as in a way it transcends Internet connectivity by enabling everyday objects that uses embedded circuits to interact and communicate with each other utilizing the current Internet infrastructure. The term IoT and its conception can be traced back to 1985 when Peter T Lewis spoke about the concept during his speech at Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Since then the scope of IoT has grown tremendously as currently it consists of more than 12 billion connected devices and according to the experts it will increase to 50 billion by the end of 2020. The IoT infrastructure has helped by providing real time information gathering and analysis using accurate sensors and seamless connectivity, which help in making efficient decisions. With the advent of IoT both manufacturers and consumers have benefited. Manufacturers have gained insight into how their products are used and how they perform out in the real world and increase their revenues by providing value added services which enhances and elongates the lifecycle of their products or services. Consumers on the other hand have the ability to integrate and control more than one devices for a more customized and improved user experience.

An important factor to consider when we talk about home automation is Security. Home security is a very important feature of home automation and maybe the most crucial one. Home security made a drastic changes in the past few decades and continue to advance much more in the coming years. Previously home security systems meant having an alarm that would go off when somebody would break in but a smart secure home can do much more than that. Therefore the main objective of our work is to design a system which can alert the owner and others of an intruder break-in by sending a notification to their smart phones. The owner will also have the ability to stop or start the alarm remotely using just his smart phone. This system will help the users to safeguard their homes by placing the system on the doors or windows and monitoring the activity through their smart phones. There has been an unprecedented growth in the number of devices being connected to the Internet since past few years. All these devices connected to the internet are part of the IoT infrastructure which can that allows these devices to send and receive data among each other. This is why it is beneficial to use such an existing infrastructure for designing the proposed security system. An alarm system that sounds the buzzer is of no use when a user is not present in the home to take action. When the owner is away communicate with each other. The IoT network consists of embedded electronics, sensors and software from their home, they want to be assured that their home is protected by intruders and thieves while they are gone. This is why the proposed system keeps the owner informed in the real time about the security status of their home. The designed system informs the user as there is a break-in so that the user can take necessary actions. The paper is organized as follows: Section 1 discuss about the introduction of IOT and its applications. Section 2, gives a details review of the focus of the paper. Section 3 talks about the materials and the methods to implement the proposed systems. Section 4 proposed the working model of the proposed system, whereas section 5 gives the configuration of the application. Section 6 explains the experimental results followed by conclusion and future enhancement as Section 7. 2. Literature review Design and Implementation of Security for Smart Home based on GSM technology was discussed by Govinda et al. (2014) that provides two methods to implement home security using IoT [1]. One is using web cameras such that whenever there is any motion detected by the camera, it sounds an alarm and sends a mail to the owner. This method of detecting intrusion is quite good, albeit somewhat expensive due to the cost of the cameras involved in the process. The cameras need to be of good quality which means it should have a wide range and the picture quality should be high enough to detect movement. Also if you go for movable cameras such as dome cameras they will cost even more than the fixed ones. SMS based system using GSM was proposed by Karri and Daniel (2005) propose to use internet services to send messages or alert to the house owner instead of the conventional SMS.[2] Jayashri and Arvind (2013) have implemented a fingerprint based authentication system to unlock a door This system helps users by only allowing the users whose fingerprint are authorized by the owner of the house. This system can also be used to monitor who all have used the sensor to gained entry into the house. The system is coupled with a few more home protection features such as gas leakage and fire accidents. Although a good system, fingerprint sensors are expensive and complex (as they need increased sensor resolution) to integrate into an IoT setup. Some experts also argue that only relying on a fingerprint sensor is not wise as it is relatively easy to lift someone‟s fingerprints and replicate them, which is why it is always advised to use fingerprint scanners in a two factor authentication systems where an additional layer of security is available in the form of PIN, passcode, voice recognition, etc. Some researchers proposed an idea of robust IoT home security system where a fault in of one component in the system does not lead to the failure of the whole system [4]. The idea of using multiple devices which may or may not be directly compatible with each other but can be made to work in such a way that they can replace an existing component of the system in case of a fault. In tandem to this, the model has the ability to use overlap between various devices which would result in preserving energy thus making the model more efficient. An example provided of the said model would use temperature sensor, WiFi module and a door sensor to replace a faulty camera. The authors are successful in an effort to demonstrate the given example. However such systems are useful for people with energy efficiency in mind and for those who need a high degree of robustness with their security systems and are willing to expend more money than usual. Laser rays and LDR sensor are used to to detect intrusion using their movement was proposed in 2016 [5]. The way the system works is that a laser is focused towards a LDR sensor and the moment that the contact of laser to LDR sensor breaks, the alarm connected to the sensor goes off alerting the neighbours and sends a SMS to the owner. This system solves the problem of covering the places which are out of range from the fixed cameras but faces the same difficulties which are faced with systems consisting of GSM modules to send text messages, which is that the delivery of message is dependent on network coverage. Also due to the nature of lasers being a straight beam, it can be avoided by intruders who know about the system and are capable of dodging the lasers, rendering the whole system useless. A novel way to design an electronic lock using Morse code and IoT technology [6]. The authors claim that this as an original idea which have not been tried before and is the first of its kind “optical Morse code-based electronic locking system”. This system uses LED‟s (Light emitting diodes) as an encrypting medium to send signals. To make it more accessible to general public, the LED in smart phones has been used. On the receiver‟s side is a photosensitive resistor as well as a microcontroller such as arduino processor which has the ability to decrypt the optical signal after receiving them from the LED. Upon decoding the signal it can than upload the current condition of the lock to a cloud from where the owner can monitor the system. The authors have experimented the system in real time and it has proved to work under different illumination environments with all the functions working as they were intended to. The authors also claim to have an easy and user-friendly interface. The IoT system developed here works very well and can be used by anyone and is very convenient due to the use of mobile phones as LED, which also makes it a cost expensive alternative[7]. Anitha et al (2016) proposed an home automation system using artificial intelligence and also proposed a model for cyber security systems [8,9]. 3. Materials and Methods Various hardware materials are required to have an home automation system. Some of the essential components are listed below to have and idea about the proposed system. 3.1. Arduino Uno Arduino is an open source, PC paraphernalia and programming organization, endeavour, and client group that plans and produce microcontroller packs for constructing programmed devices and intelligent object that can detect and control questions in the real world. The inception of the Arduino extend began at the Interaction Design Institute in Ivrea, Italy. The equipment reference plans are appropriated under a Creative Commons Attribution Share

Once the ESP8266 has been flashed with the latest firmware, other components can be added to the configuration. For this we will need a breadboard to connect the microcontroller, reed sensor, buzzer and the ESP8266 using the jumper wires. The breadboard is used to interface between the various components available. It also makes it easy to connect multiple inputs to a single pin on the arduino board.

Configuring Blynk App After the user installs the Blynk app on the smartphone, an account has to be created in the app to access its services. The first time the app is opened, it will ask to either sign in or create an account. Create an account and add a new project to get started as given in figure 9. Each project has its own authentication code which is used by the code to communicate with that particular model as provided in figure 10. To interface with our components, we need to add widgets to our model. To add widgets press „+” to add to the model. The app provides a neat interface to add all the required widgets and setting them up according to the code as shown in figure 11. The Blynk needs to be running in the background for the user to get real time notifications.

Experimental results The experiment was carried out in Pentium iv 2.60GHz intel dual core processor, with 4 GB RAM, 15‟ LCD monitor with hard disk as 40 GB. The software required are Blynk App, Arduino IDE, in windows operating system using C++ programming language. The resultant system was checked thoroughly by repeating the motion of opening the door multiple times to see if each time a notification is sent or not and by remotely switching the buzzer on or off from the Blynk app which showed that the system works in the intended way and flawlessly. To test the endurance of the hardware, the setup was left turned on for a couple of hours and tested afterwards. The components got heated which is acceptable but still worked and the notification was shown

Conclusion and future scope The sensors placed on the door informs the home owner as soon as the door is opened by sending a Push notification. The user will get this notification irrespective of whether the phone is locked or unlocked or even if any other app is opened at the moment. This was the main objective of the project, which is the user feels safe and not worry about any intrusion or break-ins when he is away from home. This setup can also be used in commercial offices where some areas are restricted for certain personnel, such a system will immediately inform the administrator of any unauthorized personnel trying to access such an area. Therefore the extensibility and applicability of such a system is only limited only by the imagination. Another important component of the project is the connectivity between the ESP8266 (WiFi module) and the Blynk server. The system successfully connected to the Blynk server using the authentication token and the Blynk libraries. As a result, we were able to get the notification on our smart phones as soon as there was any change in the status of the reed module sensor. Also the additional ability to control the alarm remotely is very beneficial and can be very useful in some unforeseen circumstances. It was also observed that the Blynk app worked smoothly and carried out all communication between the hardware and the app very accurately. The developed system can also be used to in industrial and commercial applications such as offices, warehouses and other areas where some areas are reserved for authorized personnel only or other places where safety and precautions are of primary concerns such as internet server room of a big MNC from where corporate data can be stolen. The system can also be easily upgraded to add extra safety features such as cameras, motion detection sensors, etc. for increased safety. The system can also further be developed by adding an RFID scanner so that the authorized users need only carry a RFID or NFC tag with them on their person. The RFID scanner will work by scanning the tag wirelessly and if the user is authorized to enter, the alarm system will be disabled for some time so that the user can enter.

Fire-smoke detectors | UL-listed monitoring station | Friendly Security Inc

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