g-r-boi

[g-r-boi]

Yo

So this blog is offically INACTIVE.

Good luck studying everyone!

[g-r-boi]

#16 Basic Conjugation, Plain/Diary Form

Welcome back, learners! Today we will begin to enter the area in which I started to get lost. Yeah, it’s going to be fun! So far it has been relatively easy but alas we can’t stay in this realm forever. Well, we could but that means our ability to communicate with others in Korean would be extremely limited. And that isn’t why we are here to learn, right?

So today we will begin with basic conjugation and tenses. Since that will be a long section in general, I have wondered on how to do that and I decided to split it up a bit instead of overwhelming you with everything at once. Since I follow the lesson plan at How to Study Korean, we will begin with a certain conjugation that is not (or rarely) used in speech, instead, it is used in writing of diaries, books, magazines, news and such when not writing/speaking to a specific audience. It is often called “Diary form” or “plain form”.

Tenses with general honorifics will come later, so if you are not interested in this part just skip over and wait for a little while until I get there.

Then let’s go! 가자!

It is used as informal speech (나 instead of 저) The only parts conjugated are verbs and adjectives (including 이다) Remember: Verb stem is dictionary form and dropping the final 다

Present Tense

Add directly to verb stem

~는다 if stem ends in consonant -> to eat: 먹다 -> 먹는다

~ㄴ다 if verb stem ends in vowel -> to learn: 배우다 -> 배운다

Example:

I go home -> 나는 집에 간다.

I understand that -> 나는 그것을 이해한다.

Adjectives

If conjugating adjectives in present tense Plain Form, don’t add anything, it’s already in present tense!

My hand is big: 내 손은 크다.

That street is long: 그 길은 길다.

Past Tense

Add directly to verb stem

~았다 if the last vowel is ㅗ or ㅏ (including ㅛ or ㅑ)

~었다 if the last vowel is anything but ㅗ, ㅏ, ㅛ or ㅑ

~였다 if the last syllable is 하 -> turns to 했다

Note: This is not if the stem ENDS in the vowel but based on the last vowel in the stem! For example, 먹다 does end with ㄱ but the last vowel is ㅓ

Example:

I ate rice -> 나는 밥을 먹었다.

I closed the door -> 나는 문을 닫았다.

I studied Korean -> 나는 한국어를 공부했다.

And now we are getting a little complicated. As you see in the example of ~였다 sometimes the syllable changes in combination with certain vowels. That happens when the whole stem ends in a vowel. In those cases, 았다/었다 gets merged with the stem. That is also why 였다 with 하 turns to 했다. Here are the ways the merge happens:

아 + 아 -> 아 (가 + 았다 -> 갔다)

오 + 아 -> 와 (오 + 았다 -> 왔다)

우 + 어 -> 워 (배우 + 었다 -> 배웠다)

이 + 어 -> 여 (끼 + 었다 -> 꼈다)

어 + 어 -> 어 (나서 + 었다 -> 나섰다)

여 + 어 -> 여 (켜 + 었다 -> 켰다)

하 + 여 -> 해 (공부하 + 였다 -> 공부했다)

stems that end in ㅡ are more complicated and will be covered later when we talk about irregular verbs.

ㅑ,ㅠ,ㅔ, etc don’t have to be merged but you can Examples:

바래 -> 바랬다 or 바래었다

매 -> 맸다 or 매었다

메 -> 멨다 or 메었다

would each both be correct

Examples:

My uncle came to the store: 삼촌은 가게에 왔다.

I went to the museum: 나는 벅물관에 갔다.

Adjectives Adjectives in past tense plain form are conjugated exactly the same as verbs (including merging)

That food was delicious: 그 음식은 맜있었다.

That street was long: 그 길은 길었다.

That man was handsome: 그 남자는 잘생겼다.

Future Tense

Add directly to the verb stem

~겠다 - no difference in vowel or consonant

Examples:

I will eat: 나는 먹겠다

I will go: 나는 가겠다

Adjectives Adjectives are not used in future tense as often as they are in English, but technically they would be conjugated exactly the same as verbs.

I will be happy: 나는 행복하겠다.

I will be hungry: 나는 배고프겠다.

Conjugating of 있다

있다 can be an adjective and a verb depending on how it is used.

Adjective: Indicates that someone has something, or that someone/thing is at a location

Verb: more complicated and will be explained a whole lot later, but remember for now it can be a verb

Since we are not getting to when it is a verb yet, we are not going into how to conjugate it in those cases. As an adjective though it is conjugated as other adjectives.

NOTE: Those of you who have done tenses before will maybe notice that I used a Future tense that is different from what you know. There IS a different Future tense, but we’ll get to that later since I try to follow the How to Study Korean lesson plan, I don’t want to mix things too much. I personally found it confusing that there are two ways to form the future and that they are not taught together, but I’ll try to trust the experience of the people at HTSK, so please be patient. :)

That’s it for today! Next time we will finally get to take a look at honorifics and using tenses with them. So until then try to practice the plain form and tenses, it’ll help when we get to the next step. Maybe you find some articles online and see if you can identify if they use this plan form or not and look at some dictionary form verbs and adjectives and try to conjugate through the plain form tenses. Because it’ll just get more and more brain-twisting from here on out, we want to make sure that we understand each step! Right? Right.

Until next time, stay awesome! 화이팅!

[g-r-boi]

Learn With K-POP

Lesson Eighteen: “UN Village” by BAEKHYUN

Masterlist

Previous Lesson

안녕하세요 엑소엘! Today we will be looking at vocabulary from EXO member 백현’s new solo song, UN Village. The song was released on July 10, 2019 on his first mini-album, City Lights.

시작합시다!

Pre-Chorus + Chorus

(영어)

-

Even if you say you already know

With the feeling of the first time

I’ll lead you, lean on me

Only I have the right to spend

This special time with you, I know

I know that, I know that, I know

Right now we’re

Hannam-dong UN Village hill

Looking at the moon from this hill

You and me, yeah

UN Village hill

Side by side looking at the moon

You and me relax and chilling, hey-yeah

-

(한국어)

-

이미 알고 있었다고 해도

처음 느끼는 기분으로

널 리드할게, lean on me

나에게만 너의 특별한 시간을

보낼 수 있는 자격이 있단 걸 난 알아

I know that, I know that, I know

그래 우�� 지금

한남동 UN Village hill

언덕에서 달을 보며

You and me relax and chilling, hey-yeah

Vocabulary

-

이미 = Already

알다 = To know

-고 있었(요) = [Past Tense]

-다고 = [A quote / Something someone else said]

하다 = To do

-

처음 = Beginning, Start

느끼다 = Feel, Experience

기분 = Feelings

-으로/로 = [Method, Way, Tool]

-

널 = [Shortened ver. of 너를 (너 (I, Me) + -을/를 (object marking particle)] I, Me

리드 = Lead

하다 = To do

-(으)ㄹ 게요 = [Future tense]

-

나 = I, Me

-에게 = [Doing, usually giving, something TO somebody]

-만 = Only

너 = You

-의 = [Possessive]

특별 = Special

시간 = Time

-을 / 를 = [Object marking particle]

-

보내다 = Pass the time

수 있다 = Can, Be able to

-은 / 는 = [Topic marking particle]

자격 = Right (to do)

-이 / 가 = [Subject marking particle]

있다 = To be

걸 = [Shortened ver. of 것을] Something

일다 = To know

-

그래 = Yes, Okay

우리 = We

-은 / 는 = [Topic marking particle]

지금 = Right now

-

한남동 = Hannam-dong (A neighborhood in 서울)

-

언덕 = Hill

-에(서) = [Location marking particle]

달 = Moon

-은 / 는 = [Topic marking particle]

보다 = To see, look

-(으)며 = As..., While...

[g-r-boi]

Useful Adverbs

Manner:

매우- very

아주- very

혼자- alone

함께- together

상당히- quite

진짜로- really

���제로- really

빨리- quickly

제대로- well

잘- well

열심히- hard

천천히- slowly

신중하게- carefully

거의- hardly

간신히- barely

가까스로- barely

주로- mostly

전적으로- absolutely

Time:

오늘- today

어제- yesterday

내일- tomorrow

매일- everyday

지금- now

그때- then

나중에- later

후에- later

바로- immediately

즉시- immediately

곧- soon

이미- already

최근에- recently

요즘- recently, these days, lately

아직(도)- still, yet

전에- ago

다음- next

지난- last

Frequency:

절대- never

드물게- rarely

가끔- sometimes

보통- usually

대개- usually

항상- always

늘- always

자주- frequently

흔히- frequently

Place:

여기- here

저기- there, over there

거기- there

저쪽에- over there

모든곳- everywhere

어디나- everywhere

어디든- anywhere

아무데나- anywhere

아무데도- nowhere

어디에도- nowhere

떨어져- away

바깥에- out (out there)

–Ana

[g-r-boi]

Korean Phrases for Going to the Movies! 🎥 PS: Learn Korean with the best FREE online resources, just click here: https://www.koreanclass101.com/?src=social_special_infograph_movies_080619

[g-r-boi]

Vocabulary: Must-Know Verbs

안녕, 여러분! Hey, y’all! Welcome to this vocab list! I want to show you some basic and important verbs (action words) that you might hear in everyday Korean. I know this list is pretty long, but take your time with it–there’s no rush! Let’s build up our vocab!!

가다 = to go

가져가다 = to take (something)

가져오다 = to bring (something)

걷다 = to walk

공부하다 = to study

가르치다 = to teach

날다 = to fly

나가다 = to go out

나오다 = to come out

놀다 = to play/to hang out (w/someone)

느끼다 = to feel

들어가다 = to go in

들어오다 = to come in

달리다 = to run

들다 = to listen/to hear

뛰다 = to run/to jump

만들다 = to make

먹다 = to eat

마시다 = to drink

받다 =to receive (can also mean to pick up a phone call)

보다 = to see/to watch/to look

부르다 = to call/to sing (would be conjugated in the present tense as 불러요)

배우다 = to learn

사다 = to buy

살다 = to live

사랑하다 = to love

샤워하다 = to shower

싫다 = to hate/to not like/to not want

수영하다 = to swim

알다 = to know

이다 = to be

아니다 = to not be

일하다 = to work

있다 = to have/to be there

없다 = to no have/to not be there

오다 = to come

웃다 = to smile/to laugh

울다 = to cry

운전하다 = to drive

운동하다 = to exercise

요리하다 = to cook

전화하다 = to call (on the phone)

좋아하다 = to like

주다 = to give

자다 = to sleep

찾다 = to find/ to look for

청소하다 = to clean

하다 = to do

우와! Wow, this is a long list! I thought all of these verbs were pretty important/useful, but you can focus on the ones you find most important :). I hope this was helpful to build up your vocabulary! Thanks for studying with me! 안녕!

[g-r-boi]

[g-r-boi]

화신 (化身) - incarnation, embodiment, the personification of sth

친절의 화신 - the soul of kindness, embodiment of  kindness

악마의 화신 - a devil incarnate

[g-r-boi]

Environment vocab

environment-friendly: 친환경적이다

environmentalist: 환경 보존론자

ecology: 생태학

climate change: 기후 변화

global warming: 지구 온난화

greenhouse effect: 온실 효과

ozone depletion: 오존층 파괴

acid rain: 산성비

desertification: 사막화

pollution: 오염

air pollution: 공해

toxic substance: 유독 물질

oil-slick: 기름 유출

exhaust: 배기 가스

waste: 폐기물

endangered species: 멸종 위기에 처한 생물

habitat: 서식지

wildlife: 야생 동식물

captive breeding: 인공 사육

man-made disaster: 인재

yellow dust: 황사

[g-r-boi]

Some words related to Japanese Imperialism

Yeah guys I actually post new things sometimes how cool is that

Any history buffs out there who wanna help me with the evidence behind exploitation theory vs modernization theory~?

식민지주의 colonialism

제국주의 imperialism

일제 강점기 the Japanese occupation period 

수탈 exploitation

식민통치 colonization (colonial rule)

남북분단 the division of North/South Korea

해방 emancipation

근대화 modernization

천동서리 geocentric theory

지동서리 heliocentric theory

관료제 bureaucracy

밑거름 foundation

산업화 industrialization

자본주의화 capitalization

잉여가치 surplus value 

[g-r-boi]

LEARN KOREAN

For all you international kpop fans out there who’d like to learn Korean (for multiple reason I guess?), I have collected a large collection of online textbooks, websites, resources, and blogs that can help you achieve your goal!

online textbooks: [ all the downloads are pdfs, no .rar files! ] 

My Korean – book one

My Korean – book two

Dirty Korean

Using Korean

Basic Korean

Korean from Zero! – book one

Korean Grammar for International Learners

Using Korean: a Contemporary Use

Intermediate College Korean

Living Language Korean Course

Continuing Korean

Handbook of Korean Vocabulary

Korean Grammar in Use

Korean for Dummies

Korean Made Simple (not a download)

websites:

how to study korean

Sogang Korean Program

learn korean

talk to me in korean

lets learn korean

free korean lessons

korean for dummies cheat sheet

korean class 101

korean class 101 (youtube)

talktomeinkorean (youtube)

sweetandtasty (youtube)

seemile (youtube)

common vocabulary

useful korean phrases

grammar + vocab reference

vocab games

quizlet

Apps: [ some may only be available for iphone or android and not both so bear with me ]

pop-popping korean (iOS + android)

tengugo hangul (iOS + android)

kdrama talk (iOS only) 

Neme Korean (iOS + android)

KORLINK by Talk to Me in Korean (iOS + android)

Learn Korean by Bravo Language (iOS + android)

Korean Flashcards (free on android only, $4.99 on iOS)

Learn Korean 6000 words (android only)

TOPIK One (iOS + android)

Dongsa (iOS + android)

POPYA animals & fruits + vegetables (iOS + android)

misc. resources:

korean keyboard

culture notes

text slang

crash course on honorifics

children’s books

the chosun (news in korean)

korean class 101 podcast

talk to me in korean podcast

blogs: [ most of these seem pretty active as far as i can tell ]

unyounglearnskorean

study-korean

translating korean

letstteok-korean

onestopkorean

learnkoreanwithmusic

hangeulit

learninghangukeo

way-to-fluency

snubiwriteskorean

easykorean

cassarilla

teachmykorean

HAPPY STUDYING EVERYONE!!!

[g-r-boi]

“3년 전쯤, 커밍아웃 하고 얼마 안 지나서 어머니가 크리스마스 선물로 편지를 써주셨어요. ‘너는 내 자식이다. 때문에 나는 무조건 너를 사랑할 것이니 두려워하지 말아라.’ 라고 써있더라고요. 아직도 그 편지를 보면 눈물이 나요. 화장을 망치기 싫어 눈물은 참겠습니다.”

(서울퀴어문화축제 2019)

“I came out about three years ago and not long after that, my mom wrote me a letter as a Christmas present. “You’re my child. I will love you no matter what, so don’t be afraid.” I still get misty-eyed when I re-read it. Since I hate messing up my make-up, I’ll hold back my tears.”

(Seoul Queer Culture Festival 2019)

[g-r-boi]

Health and Medical Terms in Korean

마취제 - Anesthetic 

항생제 - Antibiotic 

불안(장애) - Anxiety 

천식 - Asthema 

난시 - Astigmatism 

혈액형 - Blood type

암 - Cancer

감기약 - Cold medicine

뇌진탕 - Concussion

변비 - Constipation 

피임약 - Contraceptive pill, Birth control

기침 - Cough 

치매 - Dementia 

우울증 - Depression

당뇨병 - Diabetes

진단 - Diagnosis 

질환 - Disease 

간질 - Epilepsy

열 - Fever

독감 - Flu

두통 - Headache

심장 마비 - Heart attack

심장병 - Heart disease

고혈압 - High blood pressure

고열 - High fever

부상 - Injury

불면증 - Insomnia

신장결석 - Kidney stone

백혈병 - Leukemia 

저혈압 - Low blood pressure

폐암 - Lung cancer

영양실조 - Malnutrition 

월경 주기 - Menstrual cycle

비만 - Obesity 

연고 - Ointment

수술 - Operation 

한약 - Oriental medicine (Korean)

진통제 - Painkiller

마비 - Paralysis 

약품 - Pharmaceuticals 

임신 - Pregnancy 

처방전 - Prescription

콧물 - Runny nose

부작용 - Side effect

위통 - Stomachache 

생리통 - Stomach cramps, Menstrual cramps

증상 - Symptom

치통 - Toothache 

종양 - Tumor

접종 - Vaccination 

바이러스 - Virus

구토 - Vomiting

양약 - Western medicine

[g-r-boi]

Weather in Korean

공기 - Air

영하 - Below zero

눈바람 - Blizzard

기후 - Climate

기후변화 - Climate change

구름 - Clouds

이슬비 - Drizzle

가뭄 - Drought

지진 - Earthquake

가을 - Fall, Autumn 

홍수 - Flood

안개 - Fog

산불 - Forest fire

우박 - Hail

폭염 - Heat wave

태풍 - Hurricane 

얼음 - Ice

번개 - Lightning 

비 - Rain

무지개 - Rainbow

장마 - Rainy season

하늘 - Sky

눈 - Snow

눈송이 - Snowflake

봄 - Spring

폭풍 - Storm

여름 - Summer

해 - Sun

기온 - Temperature

천둥 - Thunder

쌀쌀하다 - To be chilly

맑다 - To be clear

춥다 - To be cold

건조하다 - To be dry

덥다 - To be hot

습하다 - To be humid

따뜻하다 - To be warm

태풍 - Typhoon

자외선 - UV rays

날씨 - Weather

바람 - Wind

겨울 - Winter

황사 - Yellow dust

[g-r-boi]

Essential Korean Proverbs for TOPIK #21-30

21. 말 한마디로 천 냥 빛 갚는다- Good words are cheap. 22.모르는게 약이다- Ignorance is bliss. 23. 믿는 도끼에 발등 찍힌다- Trust is the mother of deceit. 24.밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기- One’s labor comes to nothing. 25.발 없는 말이 천 리 간다-Bad news travel fast. 26.배보다 배꼽이 더 크다- Subsidary expenses surpass the original outlay. 27.백지장도 맞들면 낫다- Two hands are better than one. 28.보기 좋은 떡이 먹기도 좋다- Appearance is important as much as quality. 29.사공이 많으면 배가 산으로 간다- Too many leaders make a project worse. 30.사촌이 땅을 사면 배가 아프다-Sometimes it’s hard to avoid the happiness of others. 

[g-r-boi]

Here is the full google spreadsheet with all of the words I used in my quizlet decks. Feel free to use this to make your own flashcards based on your own learning preferences or levels! I hope this helps you in your learning! 여러분, 파이팅! 

[g-r-boi]

안녕! I wanted to know if you could do a lesson with conversation examples for ordering food? Thank you!

오랜만이에요 fellow Dreamling! I’m so sorry it took so long for me to finish this! I hope you enjoy this conversation!!

『…typing… 』

Introducing: The main characters of this dialogue, the twins, 하영 and 하늘!

The story: 하영 and 하늘 are meeting up at a restaurant. Let’s see how they order food.

Keep reading