hangeul-jjang

[hangeul-jjang]

WORD OF THE DAY

거북이 = Turtle

🐢Example Sentences🐢

어느 날 토끼와 거북이가 만났어요. 거북이는 천천히 걸었지만, 결코 한 순간이라도 멈추지 않았어요.

One day a rabbit and a tortoise met. The turtle walked slowly, but never stopped for a moment

Related Vocabulary Words

- 개구리 = frog

- 해마 = seahorse

- 악어 = alligator; crocodile

- 불가사리 = starfish

- 해파리 = jellyfish

[hangeul-jjang]

hello! I'm just starting out learning korean, and I'm a little confused about how the speech levels work. so I understand there's 존댓말 and 반말 but search results show there are seven speech levels of politeness and formality and it's a little confusing. do you maybe have any links to better understand which to use when, etc? thank u in advance!!

Hello! I do have some clues as to how you can figure out the levels for yourself and I will link the resources that you can check out down below! 

For starters, you’re right; there are seven different levels of politeness / formality in Korean. You’re also right in saying that it is confusing! Generally, with beginners, it’s better to know what’s considered “formal” just by looking at the conjugation. For example, we can assume that something with “-ㅂ/습니다” at the end of the verb is considered formal. This is one of the highest levels of formalities. Or something without any formality marker (ie. lack of -요), we can assume it’s the lowest level of formalities. Below is a list of the formalities, and when to use them:

하소서체 ♡ Most formal speech to show the most respect ♡ Used to address royal family members ♡ Also often used in the Bible / scripture 

합쇼체 ♡ Respectful / polite form of speech ♡ Used for elders, strangers, customers, or in business settings ♡ Used for unbiased attitude

하오체 ♡ Outdated formal speech (usually in historical [사극] Korean dramas) ♡ Same rank or lower

하게체 ♡ Also relatively outdated but not uncommon ♡ Can be used by middle-aged adults to other adults (usually lower socially) ♡ Can be used by higher-ranked ppl on social ladder talking to people lower than them (Ex. CEO talking to a lower-level employee) 

해라체 ♡ Formal speech used for the same level or lower ♡ Even though there’s no added respect, it’s not considered disrespectful if you use it appropriately ♡ It’s not as common as 합쇼체, 해요체, 해체 though it’s still used frequently ♡ Necessary to know this level though as it’s used to quote people ♡ Also known as “plain form”

해요체 ♡ Informal but still polite speech ♡ This is the most common and natural speaking level in Korea ♡ 고마워요 // 안녕하세요 // 아니요 ♡ Regardless of relative rank, this level can be used politely and respectfully

해체 ♡ The most informal / casual speech level

Here are examples of the formalities using the verb “사랑하다” - to love:

Even though 해라체 and 해체 are both considered “반말”, 해라체 is considered more formal (remember, “plain form”)

Next, how to use them is a little bit more difficult. I will link resources with each formality (with examples) so you can check it out for your own convenience as well:

하소서체

합쇼체

하오제

하게체

해라체

해요체

해체

Where I acquired the above resources, is a great website for Korean Language Learners. You can check it out here. 

I really really hope this helped in some way! I know that formalities are really difficult to grasp but once you get it, it becomes easier. Like I said above, it’s really easy to start recognizing which formality is used because of how the conjugation ending looks (you even have a bit of a hint inside the formality’s name itself). Formalities can look and sound different / confusing / difficult, but as long as you get the basics down, it becomes a lot easier with more practice. 

If you’re still confused, please shoot me a message and we can figure it out together! 

Happy Learning :) 

~ SK101

[hangeul-jjang]

Korean word of the day — 위압감

[hangeul-jjang]

Hey everyone! These are the skills I used to learn German in about two weeks! It takes a lot of work obviously but it’s so worth it. 💕⚡️

1. Use a language program like Memrise or Duolingo. I think that programs like these are super helpful for getting acquainted with the language you want to learn and for understanding basic grammar. I mostly use them as a break from the other work that I do but they are definitely good practice.

2. Make a list of the top 1,000 most common words and work on memorizing them in chunks. I worked on memorizing about 50-100 words a day. It sounds like a lot but many of the words are different verb tenses of the same word so it ends up being less work that you expect. Also, from using Memrise and Duolingo, a lot of the words were already familiar to me. I wrote a list of the words for the day each morning and during my breaks from school work I would quiz myself on them.

3. Watch lots of Youtube videos to study grammar and tenses. The internet is your friend when it comes to learning a new language so take advantage of the resources! I would google everything that confused me and watch videos on it until I felt like I really had a grasp. Doing this ensures that you have a strong foundation to learn new vocabulary.

4. Translate music from your main language into your target language and vice versa. This is a fun way that I would practice verb conjugations and my vocabulary recollection. Any word that I hadn’t learned already, I would look up and be able to add it to my vocab list. Also, this is really fun practice and the rhythm made it easier to remember what I was learning.

5. Keep a post-it note to write down any questions you have or things that you don’t understand. This way, you can remember to look up what was confusing you instead of forgetting what you don’t know. By keeping track of what I understood well and what I needed to continue practicing, I was more organized in my practice and spent my time better.

This obviously isn’t an easy way to learn a language but you defintiely get results based on the effort you put in. Message me if you have any other suggestions for langblrs, I’m always interested in learning more!

[hangeul-jjang]

Korean ღ sentence structure

☾  WHO + WHEN + WHERE + WHAT + HOW + VERB

Examples :

저는 매일 학교에 가요.

저 : I (”who?”)

매일 : everyday (”when?”)

학교 : school (”where?”)

가요 : go (verb)

↬ I go to school every day.

저는 지금 집에서 숙제를 해요.

저 : I (”who?”)

지금 : now (”when?”)

집 : home(”where?”)

숙제 : homework (”what?)

해요 : do (verb)

↬ I’m doing my homework at home now.

저는 내일 학교에서 한국어를 열심히 공부할거예요.

저 : I (”who?”)

내일 : everyday (”when?”)

학교 : school (”where?”)

한국어 : Korean (”what?”)

열심히 : hard (”how?”)

공부할거예요 : will study (verb)

↬ I will study Korean hard at school tomorrow.

제 아버지는 저녁에 집안에서 TV를 봤어요.

제 아버지 : My father (”who?”)

저녁 : evening (”when?”)

집안 : inside the house (”where?”)

TV : TV (”what?”)

봤어요 : watched/saw (verb)

↬ My father watched TV in the house in the evening.

우체국에 갔어요.

우체국 : post office (”where?”)

갔어요 : did go/went (verb)

↬ I went to the post office.

Sources :

pinterest.com

[hangeul-jjang]

that one weverse BTS test translated

you can take it here  #방탄멤버테스트

I will translate the questions and the answers repeat (from agree to disagree)

나와 어울리는 방탄소년단 멤버는? ⇨ BTS member that gets along with me is?

The answers are the same for all of the questions/statements:

⇨ 매우 그렇다 = I definitely agree

⇨ 약간 그렇다 = I agree a little

⇨ 보통이다 = average

⇨ 약간 아니다 = not really

⇨ 전혀 아니다 = not at all

나는 결정을 잘 내리는 편이다. ⇨ I can make decisions easily.

나는 새로운 방법을 시도하기보다 정해진 방법대로 하는 것이 더 좋다. ⇨ Rather than trying new methods of doing things, I like sticking to the usual.

나는 능력을 인정받기 위해 끊임없이 변화하는 것이 좋다. ⇨ I think constant change is good in order to get recognition for one’s abilities.

나는 사람들을 잘 설득하는 편이다. ⇨ I’m good at convincing people.

나는 맡은 일을 효과적으로 잘 처리한다. ⇨ I handle assigned work well and effectively.

나는 생각이 많은 편이다. ⇨ I have a lot of thoughts

나는 지적이고 냉철하게 관찰하는 편이다. ⇨ I tend to observe things intently and level-headedly.

나는 모든 일에 안전이 가장 중요하다고 생각한다. ⇨ I think safety comes first in everything.

나는 혼자 있을 때가 많다.  ⇨ I spend time alone a lot.

나는 내가 소중하게 생각한 친구는 어떤 일이 있어도 믿어준다. ⇨ I believe my friends I cherish no matter what.

나는 어떤 일을 잘 하다가도 가끔 우울해지곤 한다. ⇨ I get depressed even when something goes well.

나는 사람들을 자주 칭찬한다. ⇨ I compliment people often.

나는 다른 사람을 도와줄 때 기분이 좋다. ⇨ I feel good when helping other people.

나는 다른 사람들과 일하는 것보다 혼자 일할 때 기분이 좋다. ⇨ I prefer working alone than with other people.

나는 한 가지 일만 계속하면 지루한 편이다. ⇨ I get tired if I do only one thing continuously.

나는 낙천적으로 사는 편이다. ⇨ I live optimistically.

나는 시간이나 돈을 아끼는 편이다. ⇨ I try to save/be frugal with time and money.

나는 내가 항상 강해야 한다고 생각한다. ⇨ I think I have to be strong at all times.

나는 외롭다고 느낄 때가 자주 있다. ⇨ I often feel lonely.

나는 끊임없이 변화하는 것이 좋다. ⇨ I think constant change is good.

나는 적응력이 뛰어나서 상황에 잘 대처한다. ⇨ I can adjust well so I handle well different situations.

Some grammar that was used a lot here:

➽ ~ㄴ/는 편이다 is a grammar with which you express your opinion lightly. Using this grammar with descriptibe/action verbs makes your statement softer. Koreans usually don’t express their opinion in strong statements - it’s engraved in the culture, to be humble - and I’ve encountered a lot of people using ~은/는/을 것 같다 as a way of stating things even though it’s literally “it seems that” :) This grammar has a similar usage but it can really just be a way to say “I¨m not sure which one but maybe more this “side” when deciding. 

편 on its own means “side” which can help you memorize this grammar. “sth is more on this side of things.”

- 나는 결정을 잘 내리는 편이다 = I make decisions quite well, I’m more on the decisive side. - 나는 생각이 많은 편이다 = I am more of a pensive person - 시험이 어려운 편이었어요 = The exam was on the harder side, it was quite difficult.

➽ ~ㄹ/을 때 

I got Namjoon btw 🥺💖🥰 and my soulmate is Hobi~ ah the two 94 liners 🥺 Did anyone take the test as well? 😀

[hangeul-jjang]

One word that keeps popping up everywhere is 'always', but I see many different translations for it. 늘, 언제나 and 항상. Do these have different uses or..? Thanks in advance, your blog is super helpful!

They all mean ‘always,’ they just have different connotations. 항상 is always as in repeatedly (aka often enough to seem like always). 언제나 is always as in continuously, nonstop. 늘 is always as in all the time and isn’t used nearly as often.

오빠는 늘 공부를 하고 있어요. – My boyfriend is always studying.난 언제나 너를 생각해. – I’m always thinking of you.엄마는 항상 요리를 해요. – Mom is always cooking.

[hangeul-jjang]

My Favorite Online Ressources to Learn Korean

Grammar

Korean Grammar Dictionary - This website has every. single. Korean gammar point you can think of. Everything is ordered alphabetically, and there are explanations and example sentences for each grammar point. (There’s even North Korean grammar on the website!)

Clare You & Eunsu Cho, Intermediate College Korean - This website is supposed to be used in complement of the Intermediate College Korean book, but there’s everything you need on the website, really. It offers multiple dialogues about different topics (with audio!), then breaks down the grammar and the vocabulary. The thing I use this website most for, though, is its grammar index. It’s not nearly as exhaustive as Korean Grammar Dictionary, but it offers more detailed explanation.

Say Hi Korean - Very detailed grammar posts, including advanced grammar.

Vocabulary

Korean slang dictionary - Complete and interesting. The name says it all.

Spoken Korean (대화로 배우는 한국어 표현) - Introduces expressions used in conversation, often expressions you can’t even find in Naver dictionary. I think the author is a Chinese expat, they write their posts in Chinese, Korean and sometimes English.

Key To Korean - Could have been put both in grammar and vocabulary because they have both (as well as Hanja). My favorite thing about this website is their downloadable vocabulary and grammar sheets. They’re free until the high intermediate level, but that’s more than enough. Their vocabulary sheets are designed according to each TOPIK level. Downside is their grammar category is a bit incomplete, which is why I put this one in vocabulary.

Viki (learning mode) - If you wish to expand your vocabulary and understanding of spoken Korean, that’s definitely one of the best way to do so. Unfortunately, this only exists on computers and cannot be turned on for every drama, but there’s plenty to get by anyway. If you’re comfortable with your Korean or feel like challenging yourself, you can even bypass learning mode and watch it straight with Korean subs.

한국민족문화대백과사전 - If you’re into Korean history, this is your luck. This dictionary is specialized in historical Korean terms.

Blogs

My Korean Ramblings - Blog of a Welsh expat in Korea, he posts regularly about grammar and vocabulary, as well as about Hanja and his life in South Korea. I use it mostly for its interesting grammar posts.

Oh My Korean - This blog has everything. My favorite thing about it is their theme-specific downloadable vocabulary sheets as well as their reading comprehension sheets (which include a text to read and then a vocabulary exercice below). 

Youtube

BBC News Korea - This one is for more advanced learners. It has videos about Korean society and Korean news in general and it always has Korean subtitles, which makes it easier if you’re trying to learn.

Korean Englishman - I don’t think I’m introducing them to anyone, but they’re a classic and I watch them often so… One downside I would say is that they speak English a lot, but when they do I try to read the Korean subtitles at the same time.

연통티비 - North Korean defectors, now living in South Korea, talk about how life was in North Korea and how life is now in South Korea. Very interesting. I obviously recommend watching with Korean subtitles, but they do have English subs on some videos.

딩고 스토리 - I don’t think this channel needs introducing either, but it’s great if you’re into K-dramas but too afraid to take on something too long with Korean subtitles. This channel allows you to watch short webdramas with Korean subtitles. Bonus - if you’re struggling, just turn on the English CC.

YTN News - Politics and news channel. I would recommend this one to high intermediate to advanced learners. The advantage is that once you’ve watched the video, you can check in the description section the transcription of the video.

I you have any interesting ressource to recommend, don’t hesitate to leave it in the comments!

[hangeul-jjang]

Level 7 / Lesson 5: Expressing Surprise

안녕 여러분! Hey everyone! In this next lesson, we’re going to learn how to express surprise in Korean! In Korean, the tone or nuance of a sentence can be shaped by sentence endings, and we’re going to learn about two of those endings in this lesson! Let’s start! 시작해 볼까요?

-네요

If you want to express surprise in Korean, you can use -네요. This can give the nuance of “wow” or something like that. You can use this formula:

Present tense: [verb / adjective stem] + 네요

Past tense: [verb / adjective stem] + 았 /었 /였네요

For both tenses, drop the 요 to make it informal

I’m not including any future tense forms here just because you wouldn’t really ever need to use this form in the future tense. You’ll realize why in the examples. Essentially, you wouldn’t really say something like “wow, you’re going to play volleyball really well!” or something. I suppose in some cases, you could use it, but typically you wouldn’t.

There are some set phrases that end in -겠네(요), which would be the future tense form, but we’re just going to focus on the other two tenses for now!

For example, let’s compare these two sentences:

학점이 진짜 좋아요. = Your grades are really good. 

학점이 진짜 좋네요. = Your grades are really good.

These two sentences have the same literal translation, but the one ending in -네요 gives the nuance of “wow, your grades are really high” or “I didn’t know your grades were so high” – it expresses more surprise than the first one.

Let’s see more examples:

배구를 잘 하네요. = You play volleyball well.

This gives the nuance of “wow, you play volleyball well!” Maybe you previously didn’t know that your friend played so well.

한국어가 향상되었네요. = Your Korean improved.

Gives the feeling of “wow, your Korean improved! I’m pleasantly surprised that you improved so much!”

Now that we’ve learned a bit about -네요, let’s move onto another method of expressing surprise!

-군요 / -구나

-군요 / -구나 is another way of expressing surprise, but it’s generally used in more formal situations (although you can use it informally if you wanted to). Use these formulas:

Present Tense 

Formal: 

[verb stem] + 는군요

[adjective stem] + 군요

Informal: 

[verb stem] + 는구나

[adjective stem] + 구나

Past tense

Formal: 

[verb / adjective stem] + 았 /었 /였군요

Informal: 

[verb / adjective stem] + 았 /었 /였구나

Let’s see some examples:

방이 너무 크군요. = The room is so big.

This sentence gives the feeling of “I didn’t realize the room was so big.” or “I noticed that the room is really big.”

농구를 잘 하는구나. = You play basketball well.

Gives nuance of “I didn’t know you could play basketball.” or “I just noticed that you play basketball really well.”

이 케이크 진짜 맛있군요. = This cake is really delicious.

그렇구나. = I see. (you hear this phrase pretty often)

워싱턴 디시에 가는군요. = He’s going to Washington D.C., I see.

집에 벌써 돌아왔구나. = I noticed they already came back.

That’s all for this lesson! 이 레슨을 꽤 길구나. This lesson is pretty long, but I hope you learned a lot! Let me know if you have any questions!

Want to expand your Korean vocabulary and get closer to fluency? Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

[hangeul-jjang]

How to learn a language when you don’t know where to start:

General Plan:

Weeks 1 and 2: Purpose:

Learn the fundamentals sentence construction

Learn how to spell and count

Start building a phrase stockpile with basic greetings

The Alphabet

Numbers 1 - 100

Subject Pronouns

Common Greetings

Conjugate the Two Most Important Verbs: to be and to have

Basic Definite and Indefinite Articles

Weeks 3 and 4: Purpose:

Learn essential vocabulary for the day-to-day

Start conjugating regular verbs

Days of the Week and Months of the Year

How to tell the time

How to talk about the weather

Family Vocabulary

Present Tense Conjugations Verbs

Weeks 5 and 6: Purpose:

Warm up with the last of the day-to-day vocabulary

Add more complex types of sentences to your grammar

Colours

House vocabulary

How to ask questions

Present Tense Conjugations Verbs

Forming negatives

Weeks 7 and 8: Purpose:

Learn how to navigate basic situations in a region of your target language country

Finish memorising regular conjugation rules

Food Vocabulary and Ordering at Restaurants

Money and Shopping Phrases

Present Tense Conjugations Verbs

Weeks 9 and 10: Purpose:

Start constructing descriptive and more complex sentences

Adjectives

Reflective verbs

Places vocabulary

Weeks 11 and 12: Purpose:

Add more complex descriptions to your sentences with adverbs

Wrap up vocabulary essentials

Adverbs

Parts of the body and medical vocabulary

Tips for Learning a Foreign Language:

Learning Vocabulary:

What vocabulary should I be learning?

There are hundreds of thousands of words in every language, and the large majority of them won’t be immediately relevant to you when you’re starting out.Typically, the most frequent 3000 words make up 90% of the language that a native speaker uses on any given day. Instead try to learn the most useful words in a language, and then expand outwards from there according to your needs and interests.

Choose the words you want/need to learn.

Relate them to what you already know.

Review them until they’ve reached your long-term memory.

Record them so learning is never lost.

Use them in meaningful human conversation and communication.

How should I record the vocabulary?

Learners need to see and/or hear a new word of phrase 6 to 17 times before they really know a piece of vocabulary.

Keep a careful record of new vocabulary.

Record the vocabulary in a way that is helpful to you and will ensure that you will practice the vocabulary, e.g. flashcards.

Vocabulary should be organised so that words are easier to find, e.g. alphabetically or according to topic.

Ideally when noting vocabulary you should write down not only the meaning, but the grammatical class, and example in a sentence, and where needed information about structure.

How should I practice using the vocabulary?

Look, Say, Cover, Write and Check - Use this method for learning and remembering vocabulary. This method is really good for learning spellings.

Make flashcards. Write the vocabulary on the front with the definition and examples on the back.

Draw mind maps or make visual representations of the new vocabulary groups.

Stick labels or post it notes on corresponding objects, e.g when learning kitchen vocabulary you could label items in your house.

How often should I be practising vocabulary?

A valuable technique is ‘the principle of expanding rehearsal’. This means reviewing vocabulary shortly after first learning them then at increasingly longer intervals.

Ideally, words should be reviewed:

5-10 minutes later

24 hours later

One week later

1-2 months later

6 months later

Knowing a vocabulary item well enough to use it productively means knowing:

Its written and spoken forms (spelling and pronunciation).

Its grammatical category and other grammatical information

Related words and word families, e.g. adjective, adverb, verb, noun.

Common collocations (Words that often come before or after it).

Receptive Skills: Listening and Reading

Reading is probably one of the most effective ways of building vocabulary knowledge.

Listening is also important because it occupies a big chunk of the time we spend communicating.

Tips for reading in a foreign language:

Start basic and small.  Children’s books are great practice for beginners. Don’t try to dive into a novel or newspaper too early, since it can be discouraging and time consuming if you have to look up every other word.

Read things you’ve already read in your native language. The fact that you at least know the gist of the story will help you to pick up context clues, learn new vocabulary and grammatical constructions.

Read books with their accompanying audio books. Reading a book while listening to the accompanying audio will improve your “ear training”. It will also help you to learn the pronunciation of words.

Tips for listening in a foreign language:

Watch films in your target language.

Read a book while also listening along to the audio book version.

Listen to the radio in your target language.

Watch videos online in your target language.

Activities to do to show that you’ve understood what you’ve been listening to:

Try drawing a picture of what was said.

Ask yourself some questions about it and try to answer them.

Provide a summary of what was said.

Suggest what might come next in the “story.”

Translate what was said into another language.

“Talk back” to the speaker to engage in imaginary conversation.

Productive Skills: Speaking and Writing

Tips for speaking in a foreign language:

If you can, try to speak the language every day either out loud to yourself or chat to another native speaker whether it is a colleague, a friend, a tutor or a language exchange partner. 

Write a list of topics and think about what you could say about each one. First you could write out your thoughts and then read them out loud. Look up the words you don’t know. You could also come up with questions at the end to ask someone else.

A really good way to improve your own speaking is to listen to how native speakers talk and imitate their accent, their rhythm of speech and tone of voice. Watch how their lips move and pay attention to the stressed sounds. You could watch interviews on YouTube or online news websites and pause every so often to copy what you have just heard. You could even sing along to songs sung in the target language.

Walk around the house and describe what you say. Say what you like or dislike about the room or the furniture or the decor. Talk about what you want to change.This gets you to practise every day vocabulary.

Tips for writing in a foreign language:

Practice writing in your target language. Keep it simple to start with. Beginner vocabulary and grammar concepts are generally very descriptive and concrete.

Practice writing by hand. Here are some things you can write out by hand:

Diary entries

Shopping lists

Reminders

What could I write about?

Write about your day, an interesting event, how you’re feeling, or what you’re thinking.

Make up a conversation between two people. 

Write a letter to a friend, yourself, or a celebrity. You don’t need to send it; just writing it will be helpful.

Translate a text you’ve written in your native language into your foreign language.

Write a review or a book you’ve recently read or a film you’ve recently watched.

Write Facebook statuses, Tweets or Tumblr posts (whether you post them or not will be up to you).

Write a short story or poem.

Writing is one of the hardest things to do well as a non-native speaker of a language, because there’s no room to hide. 

There are lots of ways to improve your writing ability, but they can be essentially boiled down to three key components:

Read a lot

Write a lot

Get your writing corrected

[hangeul-jjang]

Tips to learn a new language

The 75 most common words make up 40% of occurrences The 200 most common words make up 50% of occurrences The 524 most common words make up 60% of occurrences The 1257 most common words make up 70% of occurrences The 2925 most common words make up 80% of occurrences The 7444 most common words make up 90% of occurrences The 13374 most common words make up 95% of occurrences The 25508 most common words make up 99% of occurrences

(Source: 5 Steps to Speak a New Language by Hung Quang Pham)

This article has an excellent summary on how to rapidly learn a new language within 90 days.

We can begin with studying the first 600 words. Of course chucking is an effective way to memorize words readily. Here’s a list to translate into the language you desire to learn that Derek Roger suggested! :)

EXPRESSIONS OF POLITENESS (about 50 expressions)      

‘Yes’ and ‘no’: yes, no, absolutely, no way, exactly.    

Question words: when? where? how? how much? how many? why? what? who? which? whose?    

Apologizing: excuse me, sorry to interrupt, well now, I’m afraid so, I’m afraid not.    

Meeting and parting: good morning, good afternoon, good evening, hello, goodbye, cheers, see you later, pleased to meet you, nice to have met.    

Interjections: please, thank you, don’t mention it, sorry, it’ll be done, I agree, congratulations, thank heavens, nonsense.    

NOUNS (about 120 words)

Time: morning, afternoon, evening, night; Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday; spring, summer, autumn, winter; time, occasion, minute, half-hour, hour, day, week, month, year.    

People: family, relative, mother, father, son, daughter, sister, brother, husband, wife; colleague, friend, boyfriend, girlfriend; people, person, human being, man, woman, lady, gentleman, boy, girl, child.    

Objects: address, bag, book, car, clothes, key, letter (=to post), light (=lamp), money, name, newspaper, pen, pencil, picture, suitcase, thing, ticket.    

Places: place, world, country, town, street, road, school, shop, house, apartment, room, ground; Britain, name of the foreign country, British town-names, foreign town-names.    

Abstract: accident, beginning, change, color, damage, fun, half, help, joke, journey, language, English, name of the foreign language, letter (of alphabet), life, love, mistake, news, page, pain, part, question, reason, sort, surprise, way (=method), weather, work.    

Other: hand, foot, head, eye, mouth, voice; the left, the right; the top, the bottom, the side; air, water, sun, bread, food, paper, noise.    

PREPOSITIONS (about 40 words)    

General: of, to, at, for, from, in, on.    

Logical: about, according-to, except, like, against, with, without, by, despite, instead of.    

Space: into, out of, outside, towards, away from, behind, in front of, beside, next to, between, above, on top of, below, under, underneath, near to, a long way from, through.    

Time: after, ago, before, during, since, until.    

DETERMINERS (about 80 words)  

Articles and numbers: a, the; nos. 0–20; nos. 30–100; nos. 200–1000; last, next, 1st–12th.    

Demonstrative: this, that.    

Possessive: my, your, his, her, its, our, their.    

Quantifiers: all, some, no, any, many, much, more, less, a few, several, whole, a little, a lot of.    

Comparators: both, neither, each, every, other, another, same, different, such.    

ADJECTIVES (about 80 words)    

Color: black, blue, green, red, white, yellow.    

Evaluative: bad, good, terrible; important, urgent, necessary; possible, impossible; right, wrong, true.    

General: big, little, small, heavy; high, low; hot, cold, warm; easy, difficult; cheap, expensive; clean, dirty; beautiful, funny (=comical), funny (=odd), usual, common (=shared), nice, pretty, wonderful; boring, interesting, dangerous, safe; short, tall, long; new, old; calm, clear, dry; fast, slow; finished, free, full, light (=not dark), open, quiet, ready, strong.    

Personal: afraid, alone, angry, certain, cheerful, dead, famous, glad, happy, ill, kind, married, pleased, sorry, stupid, surprised, tired, well, worried, young.    

VERBS (about 100 words)    

arrive, ask, be, be able to, become, begin, believe, borrow, bring, buy, can, change, check, collect, come, continue, cry, do, drop, eat, fall, feel, find, finish, forget, give, going to, have, have to, hear, help, hold, hope, hurt (oneself), hurt (someone else), keep, know, laugh, learn, leave, lend, let (=allow), lie down, like, listen, live (=be alive), live (=reside), look (at), look for, lose, love, make, may (=permission), may (=possibility), mean, meet, must, need, obtain, open, ought to, pay, play, put, read, remember, say, see, sell, send, should, show, shut, sing, sleep, speak, stand, stay, stop, suggest, take, talk, teach, think, travel, try, understand, use, used to, wait for, walk, want, watch, will, work (=operate), work (=toil), worry, would, write.    

PRONOUNS (about 40 words)

Personal: I, you, he, she, it, we, they, one; myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.    

Possessive: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs.    

Demonstrative: this, that.    

Universal: everyone, everybody, everything, each, both, all, one, another.

Indefinite: someone, somebody, something, some, a few, a little, more, less; anyone, anybody, anything, any, either, much, many.    

Negative: no-one, nobody, nothing, none, neither.    

ADVERBS (about 60 words)

Place: here, there, above, over, below, in front, behind, nearby, a long way away, inside, outside, to the right, to the left, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, home, upstairs, downstairs.    

Time: now, soon, immediately, quickly, finally, again, once, for a long time, today, generally, sometimes, always, often, before, after, early, late, never, not yet, still, already, then (=at that time), then (=next), yesterday, tomorrow, tonight.    

Quantifiers: a little, about (=approximately), almost, at least, completely, very, enough, exactly, just, not, too much, more, less.    

Manner: also, especially, gradually, of course, only, otherwise, perhaps, probably, quite, so, then (=therefore), too (=also), unfortunately, very much, well.    

CONJUNCTIONS (about 30 words)

Coordinating: and, but, or; as, than, like.    

Time & Place: when, while, before, after, since (=time), until; where.    

Manner & Logic: how, why, because, since (=because), although, if; what, who, whom, whose, which, that.   

[hangeul-jjang]

Regions in Korea

도- province

특별자치도- special autonomous province

특별시- special city

광역시- metropolitan city

특별자치시- special autonomous city

경기 지방 - Gyeonggi

서울특별시- Seoul 인천광역시- Incheon 경기도- Gyeonggi-do

관동 지방

강원도 (남)- Gangwon-do (south) (north half of Gangwon-do is in North Korea)

호서 지방

대전광역시- Daejeon 세종특별자치시- Sejong City 충청남도- South Chungcheong-do

Keep reading

[hangeul-jjang]

There is something that has been stomping my studies that it seems should be a simple concept to grasp but I struggle... Can you explain to me the difference between 없습니다 and 아닙니다? They’re both negations and I know that but I don’t know when to use them.

Hello! So the difference might seem a lot easier to understand once I explain!

없다 - to not have / exist아니다 - to not be

Examples:

선생님이 아니에요 - I am not a teacher

선생님이 없어요 - There is no teacher

Clearing out confusion:

당근이 없어요? VS 당근이 아니에요?

     Do you have any carrots? VS This is not a carrot?

여기에 학교가 없어요! VS 여기에 학교가 아니에요!

     There is no school here (as in it doesn’t exist) VS This is not a school!

Hopefully this makes sense! While you’re right, they both negate something, they don’t negate the same thing and they don’t mean the same thing. Happy Learning :)

~ SK101

P.S. try to also remember that they’re opposites of other verbs!

이다 - to be // 아니다 - to not be

있다 - to exist / have // 없다 - to not exist / have

[hangeul-jjang]

TTMIK - 30 Essential Irregular Verbs

This list is a physical list of TTMIK’s “Learn Korean - 30 Essential Korean Irregular Verbs”. All rights are reserved to TTMIK and their team for creating this list! Go here for the PDF version!

1. 돕다 - to help            ~ 도와요 - I help           ~ 도와 주세요 - Please help me

2. 어렵다 - to be difficult          ~ 어려워요 - it’s difficult          ~ 이 문제 너무 어려워요 - this questions is too difficult

3. 쉽다 - to be easy          ~ 쉬워요 - it’s easy          ~ 이거 너무 쉬워요? - is it too easy?

4. 춥다 - to be cold          ~ 추워요 - it’s cold          ~ 오늘 정말 추워요 - it’s so cold today

5. 덥다 - to be hot          ~ 더워요 - it’s hot          ~ 밖에 많이 더워요? - is it very hot outside?

6. 눕다 - to lie down          ~ 누워요 - I lie down          ~ 이 침대에 누우세요 - lie down on the bed

7. 굽다 - to bake / roast          ~ 구워요 - I bake          ~ 같이 빵 구울래요? - do you want to bake some bread together?

8. 맵다 - to be spicy          ~ 매워요 - it’s spicy          ~ 매워서 못 먹겠어요 - I can’t eat it because it’s spicy

9. 아름답다 - to be beautiful          ~ 아름다워요 - it’s beautiful          ~ 와! 꽃이 정말 아름다워요 - wow! the flowers are so beautiful

10. 귀엽다 - to be cute          ~ 귀여워요 - it’s cute          ~ 아기가 정말 귀여워요! - the baby is so cute!

11. 고르다 - to choose          ~ 골라요 - I choose          ~ 하나만 골라요 - just choose one

12. 다르다 - to be different          ~ 달라요 - it’s different          ~ 그 두 사람은 정말 달라요 - those two people are really different

13. 모르다 - to not know          ~ 몰라요 - I don’t know          ~ 누가 했는지 저는 몰라요 - I don’t know who did it

14. 빠르다 - to be fast          ~ 빨라요 - it’s fast          ~ 비행기가 가장 빨라요 - airplanes are the fastest

15. 자르다 - to cut          ~ 잘라요 - I cut          ~ 이거 좀 잘라 주세요 - please cut this

16. 기르다 - to grow          ~ 길러요 - I grow          ~ 저는 허브를 길러요 - I grow herbs

17. 게으르다 - to be lazy          ~ 게을러요 - I’m lazy          ~ 제 남동생은 너무 게을러요 - my little brother is very lazy

18. 노르다 - to press          ~ 놀러요 - I press          ~ 이 버튼을 누르세요 - press this button

19. 듣다 - to listen          ~ 들어요 - I listen          ~ 제 말 좀 들어 보세요 - please listen to me

20. 걷다 - to walk          ~ 걸어요 - I walk          ~ 저는 학교에 걸어가요 - I walk to school

21. 묻다 - to ask          ~ 물어요 - I ask          ~ 무엇이든지 물어보세요 - please ask me anything

22. 싣다 - to load          ~ 실어요 - I load          ~ 짐 다 실었어요 - did you finish loading the luggage?

23. 낫다 - to recover / get well          ~ 나아요 - I get well          ~ 푹 쉬고 얼른 나아요 - Get lots of rest and get well soon

24. 잇다 - to connect          ~ 이어요 - I connect           ~ 이 두 점을 이어요 - connect these two dots

25. 짓다 - to build          ~ 지어요 - I build          ~ 이 집은 제가 직접 지었어요 - I built this how by myself

26. 붓다 - to pour           ~ 부어요 - I pour          ~ 이제 물을 한 컵 부어요 - now, pour a cup of water

27. 긋다 - to draw (a line)          ~ 그어요 - I draw (a line)          ~ 여기에 선을 그어 부세요 - try drawing a line here

28. 파랗다 - to be blue          ~ 파래요 - it’s blue          ~ 하늘이 정말 파래요 - the sky is really blue

29. 까맣다 - to be black          ~ 까매요 - it’s black          ~ 옷 색깔이 다 까매요 - the clothes are all black

30. 이렇다 - to be like this          ~ 이래요 - it’s like this          ~ 항상 이래요 - it’s always like this!

part 1

Happy Learning :)

~ SK101

[hangeul-jjang]

I AM BORED: 심심하다 Vs 지루하다 Vs 지겹다

I think most of you learn 심심하다 to say 'bored' or 'boring', right? But I learned 지루하다 first, so I got confused whenever anyone asked me "언니, 심심해요?".... And then I just learned there's 지겹다! (Mind blown). So here's the subtle difference (it's actually very easy)

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심심하다: to be bored due to a lack of activities, stimulus, etc. AKA 'I'm bored because I have nothing to do' (me right now)

나는 너무 심심해요 - I'm so bored (because I have nothing to do)

심심해 죽겠어요 - I'm bored to death

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지루하다: to be bored because of an activity that is not fun***

나는 지금 내 방을 청소하는 것이 지루해요 - I'm bored of cleaning my room now

나는 쇼핑하는 것이 지루해요 - I'm bored of going shopping

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지겹다: to be bored because of a repetitive activity

나는 이 일을 하는 것이 지겨워요 - I'm bored of doing this work

나는 너의 불평을 듣는 것이 지겨워요 - I'm tired of listening to your complaining

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Easy right?

*** NB: You wouldn't really use 지루하다 to say, 'this movie is boring' because it's used more when you want to say you find an activity boring - you should use 재미없다 instead

[hangeul-jjang]

4 WEEK KOREAN VOCAB CHALLENGE AN ANNIVERSARY EVENT BY KOREANSTUDYNETWORK

February 19th was the day of KSN’s first anniversary! And to celebrate that, we are bringing back our very first challenge. It will be a little different from our first vocab challenge; we have new themes and for each day (click on the pic to see it bigger) you have to look for 10 words: 5 nous and 5 verbs/adjectives. There’s also a challenge option for more advanced learners: make one sentence for each word.

If you make posts here on tumblr, don’t forget to use the tag #koreanstudynetwork so we can see it (and maybe you can bee in our hall of fame after the challenge ends).

We will start it next Monday, on February 24th, and it will end on March 23rd.

I hope you guys like it. Happy learning!

[hangeul-jjang]