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What To Consider While Designing A Desalter Unit?

An efficient crude unit desalter system design can be of great benefit to petroleum engineers in operating and maintaining the system. With the correct water wash speed, settling velocity, and injection water, it can be useful. Desalter unit suppliers explain that a desalter's design is somewhat dependent on factors such as process needs, economics, and health.

If you're part of an oil refinery, you'll need to be mindful of crude oil desalters. So for those who don't know what it means, a desalter is a processing device in a network of oil refineries that removes all the salt from the crude oil. They can be purchased and used in oil refineries to extract water, sediments, and inorganic salts as well.

General Design Consideration

Lately, heavy crude oil has become a major option in crude oil refining, as it is available on the international market at a much lower price. When crude oil is formed, it comes along with varying amounts of water, solids of formation, and some products of corrosion. This particular water includes a significant portion of dissolved salts that have alkali metal chlorides, sulfates, and bicarbonates.

Separation procedures are implemented at the manufacturing site and configured to reduce excessive transportation charges (costs). This can also avoid corrosion in the manufacturing device used for transportation. Naturally, salt occurs in most crude areas, but the concentration can differ in each. The method of production favors the creation of salt material. Salt bulk can be dissolved easily in the bath and can be extracted by using a desalination system.

A desalination cycle finds an application for extracting pollutants from crude oil before it reaches the processing unit. By eliminating the pollutants at the entry, the impact of corrosion and fouling in downstream units can be reduced. In most cases, refiners desalt the crude that enters to less than 1 PTB (pounds of salt per thousand barrels of crude oil). Desalting occurring in the fields will minimize corrosion when transporting the crude in tankers and pipelines. The desalted water can then be re-injected back into the reservoir after careful treatment, which can prove environmentally friendly.

The most important thing to note when designing a desalter is its form and scale. They rely on a variety of factors such as strain, temperature, viscosity, and flow rate required. Besides, you also need to consider spare parts for the oil and gas industry to ensure consistency. It also relies on the consumer specification concerning the maximum allowable amount of salt (PTB) in the product oil source.

Author's bio- The writer is an online blogger and the article is about the desalter unit.

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Are Electric Desalters A Worthy Buy?

Desalination is becoming a popular option for supplying fresh water in areas lacking it. It is no longer just an option for third-world countries, as we are starting to see more and more desalination plants being built in the United States. Not only can this electric desalter provide fresh water to entire cities and towns, but it can also supply smaller communities with much-needed resources.

What is an electric desalter?

Electric desalters are used to remove salt from water. The process is simple and takes place in four steps:

The water is pumped through an ion exchange process.

A reverse osmosis membrane is applied to the flow.

The water flows through a series of hydro-cyclones that remove salts and impurities.

The desalinated water is stored in giant holding tanks for further use.

What are the benefits of using an electric desalter?

Desalination is when salts and minerals are removed from saline water to produce fresh water suitable for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use. This freshwater can be made from a range of seawater, brackish water, or wastewater. Freshwater is in such high demand in some places on Earth that the glass sells it!

To create this freshwater, huge electric desalter plants are needed. These plants use large amounts of energy and must be continuously manned. But with advances in electric desalination technology, the cost to produce clean water has decreased dramatically.

Where should you install your electric desalter?

Electric desalters are used to treat brackish or saline water. They operate in two distinct ways. The first type is a pressure vessel submerged in a freshwater body. The second type is an open tank with electrodes attached to it, which extract the salts from the water. The salts are then deposited into a chamber and transferred to the shore through a pipeline.

Desalination plants are costly to build and operate, so choosing the best location for your plant is essential. Here’s where you should install your electric desalter for maximum efficiency:

You need to take care of desalter operations training: A training program is required for this process to reach or even touch maximum potential. As a desalter operator, you need to have specific skills so that the plant is running efficiently. These skills are learned from training programs, and without them, you won’t be able to achieve the highest possible efficiency in your desalination plant.

Closing thoughts

The advantages of electric desalters include no moving parts, easy operation, and low initial cost. They are an excellent investment for those with access to saltwater and need to purify water. They are ideal for making a small investment to produce clean water without the hassle and maintenance of a more extensive system.

Author’s Bio: This writer of this article is an avid online blogger and this article is about electric desalters.

[its-desalters]

All About The Desalting Process

Desalting is a water-washing operation that is performed initially at the production field and thereafter at the refinery site for some additional crude oil cleanup. The salt and water content specifications are even more rigid due to their negative effect in downstream processes due to corrosion, and catalyst deactivation. An optimum formulation concept is presented to describe emulsion breaking in the desalting process. In the stabilisation mechanism is accepted that the water droplets are stabilised by the formation of a mechanically strong and viscoelastic film at the interface composed of asphaltenes. 

Petroleum recovered from reservoir is mixed with a variety of substances such as gases, water, chloride salts, and dirt, which contain other minerals. Thus, petroleum processing only commences shortly after the production of fluids from reservoir, when the pretreatment operations are applied to the crude oil prior to transportation. Any crude oil to be shipped by pipeline, or by any other form of transportation, must meet strict regulations in regard to water and salt content. 

Desalting is a water-washing operation performed in a desalter oil refinery initially at the production field and thereafter at the refinery site for additional crude oil cleanup, where the salt and water content specifications are much more rigid because of their negative effect in the downstream processes due to scale formation, corrosion, and catalyst deactivation. Desalting involves mixing heated crude oil with washing water, using a mixing valve or static mixers to ensure a proper contact between the crude oil and the water, and then passing it to a separating vessel, where a proper separation between the aqueous and organic phases is achieved. 

Since emulsions can be formed in this process, there is a risk of water carryover in the organic phase. In order to overcome this problem, chemical demulsifiers are added to promote the emulsion breaking. When this operation is performed at a refinery, an electric field across the settling vessel is applied to coalesce the polar salty water droplets, and, therefore, a decreasing in water and salt content is achieved. 

Process description 

The salts in crude oil are mainly in the form of magnesium, calcium, and sodium chlorides, sodium chloride being the most abundant. All of these salts can be found in two forms: dissolved in emulsified water droplets in the crude oil, as a water-in-oil emulsion, or crystallised and suspended solids in the desalter unit suppliers. 

Additionally, other metals in inorganic compounds present in reservoir dirt and sand produce catalyst poisoning in downstream processes such as hydro treaters and cat crackers because of they are chemicals absorbed on the catalyst surface. 

The main objective of the desalting process is to remove the chloride salts and other minerals from the crude oil by water-washing. 

Author’s Bio: The author is an avid blogger. This article is about desalting. 

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Reasons Why Insulation Is Needed In Pipelines For Oil Refinery

As we all know, with the help of pipelines, we get to move natural gas and petroleum products from one place to another covering a long distance in cold environments. Due to this, it becomes essential for petroleum mixtures to be heated prior to being transported in pipelines and before the commencement of refining process. But in the case of oil, things occur in a different way. When oil is transported through pipelines, there is no need for heating as the oil gets heated on its own while flowing through the pipeline. Oil companies invest heavily in oil refinery pipe insulators to keep the costs down and the heat from escaping the pipe. By using models and simulation, better methods or ways are searched for improving pipeline insulation.

Requirement of Insulation in Pipeline 

It is essential to understand that although pipelines are a fantastic way of moving fluids like water, oil, and natural gas across land and sea, it takes a lot of time, money, and research to build them. These pipelines consist of complex structures and are made of plastic tubes or steel. They are placed at the bottom of the sea and have pump stations installed at fixed intervals to push the fluid forward.

When petroleum mixture is forced through a pipeline, it creates a considerable amount of heat because of the friction that occurs between the fluid and the material of the pipeline. Now, it is important to note that the heat is initiated through an energy, which is provided by the pump. But the problem is, because of the cold environment, the heat generated gets dissipated rather quickly. It will not take much time for the heat fluid to reach the temperature of the surrounding environment. That is why it is critical use pipeline insulator. Another problem is, when temperature drops, viscosity of oil goes up quite a lot, which goes without saying, increases the amount of energy consumed by the pumps. And as we mentioned above, when it comes to transporting petroleum mixtures, preheating is necessary before mixtures can be utilized in the refinery.

Well Enough Insulation Can Bring Great Advantages

Although a bit costly, it is quite easy to insulate pipelines to keep the fluid heated and to prevent heat from dissipating. Companies can save money and keep the heat inside the pipe through smart insulation. They should definitely insulate the pipelines but they should not overdo it. Not excessive but sufficient insulation will bring a lot of benefits such as reduction of preheating costs as well as high consumption of energy by the pumps can be brought down considerably.

If interested, you can get pipe insulator for oil refinery from companies online. There are companies that specialize solely in providing equipment to oil refineries. Before getting insulator from a company, make sure you check whether the company is experienced or not.

Author’s Bio: The author is a blogger. This article is about oil refinery pipeline insulation.

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Essentials For Managing Assets In A Gas And Oil Refinery

Some oil companies rely on the performance of equipment to order necessary items only when needing them. Unfortunately, such a practice has a downside in the management since managers can overlook the problem of fresh out. They could run out of inventory and machinery, forcing a downtime during busy hours. While focusing on oil processing is an integral part of the petroleum refinery unit, stocking assets such as spare parts and equipment components is crucial. To ensure the performance and efficiency of the refinery plant, here are essentials to keep in mind.

Spare part inventory management

The most problematic thing in the oil refinery sector is not having managers for inventory items. Unlike a retail business that pays attention to stocks, petroleum plants usually ignore the need for such a strategy for backup when a component fails. They would prefer reactive management related to the outcomes of an event. Although the practice can recover the operation after maintenance, it can delay the operation in the non-availability of the stock. That is why adopting separate management for spare parts for the oil and gas industry is the best way to emphasize preventive maintenance.

Equipment maintenance

Breakdown of any section of the structure is likely to lead to work interruption and heavy loss due to downtime. Since these valuable items are the spine of the operative, they need preventive maintenance. Adopting a program for equipment checkups and tool calibration will help keep things in good shape. The oil company should have a standard asset management solution for better performance.

Use modern technology

Besides having inventory and machines, petroleum plants also have different units and labs to experiment on the product. They need to assess the quality of the specific product by testing it in laboratories before and after a process. Such a unit requires a management system to maintain a standard protocol and effective strategy to achieve its goals. The use of management software promotes accuracy in data collection and enables automation to maximize efficiency.

Optimize space

A petroleum plant will have large housing for storing equipment and inventory, while crude oil processing units occupy a large section of the facility. The presence of non-functioning items in the facility not only creates clutter but also increases the risk of mixing them with new stocks. Congestion in such workstations could lead to accidents and unwanted surprises. A better way to optimize space is to utilize vertical areas above the ground. Shelving assures proper storage and can contain all kinds of machine components.

The quality and critical operations of an oil processing plant rely on the performance of heavy machines and equipment deployed in the facility. These machines cannot run without components made by top-quality OEMs. Enterprises should make partnerships with service providers that offer equipment maintenance and staff training for handling their products.

Author’s Bio: The writer is an avid online blogger. This article is about spare parts for oil and gas industry.

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Desalting Process – What You Should Know

Before proceeding forward in the article, it is important to understand what is desalting. Desalting is termed as a water washing operation that is performed initially at the production level and, furthermore, at the refinery site for additional crude oil clean-up. Crude oil is a product that is introduced to refinery processing containing many undesirable impurities such as sand, corrosion by-product, polymer, drilling mud etc. So, it can be understood that the purpose of crude oil desalting is to remove undesirable impurities from the crude oil just before the process of distillation. Thus, both desalters and insulator for desalters are a necessary addition to the overall process.

The concentration of salt in crude oil varies depending upon the source of the crude oil. When the mixture from many crude oil sources is processed in a refinery, the salt content varies greatly. It is a known fact that petroleum recovered from the reservoir is mixed with substances such as gases, water, chloride salts and dirt, which is the reason why any crude oil to be shipped by pipeline or any other form of transportation, must meet strict regulation regarding water, salt content and oil refinery pipe insulation.

Important concerns regarding impurities in the crude oil:

Sand  and slit found in it can be a degrading factor in causing significant  damage due to abrasion or erosion to pumps and pipelines. 

The  inorganic salts get decomposed in the crude oil pre-heat exchangers and  heaters. Due to this, hydrogen chloride is formed, which condenses  further, forming liquid hydrochloric acid that may cause serious corrosion  of equipment.

Many would say that due prevent those factors, corrosion control can be used. But keep in mind that the by-product from the corrosion control of oil field equipment consists of iron sulphide and oxide. These materials hence result in causing corrosion to any surface they get precipitated on.

Benefits involved with Crude Oil Desalting:

Reduced amounts of corrosion in the exchanger, fractionators, pipelines, etc.

Increase the crude throughput.

Better corrosion control in CDU overhead.

Oil is saved from slops from waste oil.

Summary – In a relevant study of water-in-oil emulsions, it is essential n knowing the structure and various properties of crude oil components, their very tendency to associate and accumulate at the interface, along with the solubility and sensitivity to variable pressure and temperature changes. So, the process of desalting is considered the major step in the whole process.

Author’s Bio – The author is an industry expert in desalting and this article revolves around the process of desalting and desalters.

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In a petrochemical plant, some processes involve transporting corrosive chemicals through pipes across the facility. This activity is vulnerable to leaking and explosions if the pipe materials are of inferior quality.

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Many would say that due prevent those factors, corrosion control can be used. But keep in mind that the by-product from the corrosion control of oil field equipment consists of iron sulphide and oxide.

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Importance of Insulation in Oil and Gas Refineries

Refineries use pipelines to transport their products across long distances. Sometimes, the weather is cold and mixtures require preheating before they are sent for refining. Even if they are not preheated, they tend to generate some amount of heat while flowing through the pipe. To keep the temperate under control and avoid heat losses, pipelines are optimized using an oil refinery pipe insulator.

If you look at a refinery, you will find a whole insulation arrangement to protect the fluid against external factors. In case you’re curious what makes insulation so important, here are the prominent reasons:

Process control

This is the first priority for any oil or gas refinery so they don’t think twice before investing in an insulator for oil refinery. This provides them with a good amount of control over the flow of heat in and out of the process and makes sure that chemical reactions take place normally.

Freeze protection

For areas with chilling climates, it is essential to protect the mixture from cold. Without proper insulation, the steam will condensate and the liquid solution will start freezing. This may further result in damage of pipes and unexpected costs. To avoid all this, insulation is done to ensure that everything goes smooth and in place.

Safety

Safety at work is important for any industry. In oil and gas industry, it becomes even more important because of the increased possibilities of burn hazards. Insulation acts as a barrier for such incidents and ensures safety of people working around the pipelines.

Energy conservation

Controlling thermal losses is important for process control and it is also important for our environment. If a plant thermal energy to escape to the environment without any protection, it would be eventually allowing energy losses worth millions of dollars. Insulation is the only measure thy can take to eliminate these losses.

Emission control

Emission may cause significant losses in terms of money and lives. To avoid these losses, plants rely on insulation as it is the only solution that can stop emissions or control them to some extent.

The bottom line

Insulation is an important part of the refinery process. It allows chemical reactions to occur normally by keeping the temperature under control. It also helps eliminate thermal losses and ensure safety for your employees and workers. Plus, it offers good return on investment which encourages industries to invest in it without giving it a second thought.

Author’s bio- The author is an avid blogger and this article is about insulator for oil refinery.

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One of the first things you should do is check the product’s availability. You need to see if the equipment you need is available in the market with ease. Contact at: www.desalters.com for best Desalination Consultant in TX.

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Rig hands, emergency responders and company safety and health professionals should work together in order to utilize all resources well and be absolutely ready to handle all the emergencies swiftly and successfully.

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The sea water contains salts and is not drinkable without treating it. It is also not possible for a normal purifier to desalt this water and make it potable. Contact at: www.desalters.com for best construction of desalination plant in TX.

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Most industries flooding the 21st Century scene are maximizing product quality and processing efficiency with the need to sift out impurities growing bigger and bigger. Contact at: www.desalters.com for best petrochemical industry equipment in TX.

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Understanding Desalination with its Advantages

An increase in the growth of the need for a safe, reliable, and consistent supply of water had made multiple manufacturing industries, and water treatment plants look out for desalination plants. By desalination, we mean the process by which minerals are eliminated from the water – seawater, brackish water, or treated water to make it actually pure for a variety of industrial use. So with the help of a desalination consultant, more than 20,000 plants are now contracted around the world, and the desalination process is enabling countries to provide water security for future generations amid the growing concerns revolving around the market.

By this conversion of saline water, the process can offer freshwater in areas lacking natural groundwater or surface water supplies. With the help of this process, desalination has been able to provide around 90% of the total water supply.

Reasons why desalination plant importance has been increased in recent years:

Improved  Water Quality –     The water quality obtained through the desalination process is known to be completely safe for usage. Seawater is perfect for industrial use as they are available in abundance. The only thing which is required is to purify them. This relevant knowledge is worked upon by a consultant for the oil refinery. It  is, thus, important that the industries choose the right desalination plants for the optimum results. 

Provides  industries with freshwater –   The desalination plants are specifically designed to remove impurities like salts and other minerals from seawater. This very process of  desalination can turn seawater into potable drinking water for areas where clean water is hard to come by. Additionally, industries can also safeguard their business with efficient desalination plants against  droughts. 

Safe to Use –  The majority of the desalination plants are said to be located in  industrial areas and much far from the city. This step is crucial because  it ensures that it does not cause any risk for the people. Desalination plants make use of advanced technology so as to ensure safety, efficiency,  and quality assurance. 

Reduces water shortage problems –     Many parts of the world experience scarcity of clean and fresh water. The  desalination process is a huge task and not a very cost-effective process.  By making use of efficient desalination plants, industries can eliminate  the water crisis and help the company as well as the community in getting  the required supply of water along with quality. 

Summary – Seawater is almost an inexhaustible source of water. With the help of these plants, industries can prepare for tough times such as droughts and also ensure the supply of water.

Author’s Bio – The author is an environmentalist and a writer. This article discusses about the benefits of desalination plants.

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The Teflon electrical insulator prevents the current from going to unwanted places. Electricity moves very quickly between conductive substances. Contact at: www.desalters.com for best Teflon electrical insulator in TX.

[its-desalters]

One of the first things you should do is check the product’s availability. You need to see if the equipment you need is available in the market with ease. Contact at: www.desalters.com for best insulator for desalters in TX.

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A countless number of components are present in crude oil. The majority of those components are natural, which are formed after millions of years under the earth’s surface.