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jbxtcxo · 1 year ago

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Authored by Java Barker. 4.11.24.

Before CPR make sure that:

The victim and you are safe and you know your location. If the victim is an adult, call 911 before CPR. If the victim is a child/infant, initiate CPR and perform 5 reps of 30 compressions with 2 rescue breaths or 2 minutes of CPR, then call 911.

The following condition warrants immediate CPR:

Victim is Unconscious.

Victim is not Breathing.

Victim has No Pulse.

If one or more of these symptoms is present, perform CPR as soon as possible.

Timeline for brain death/permanent damage after the heart has stopped beating:

0 to 4 minutes after exhibiting symptoms. Chances of Brain Damage Minimal.

4 to 6 minutes after exhibiting symptoms. Chances of Brain Damage Possible.

6 to 10 minutes after exhibiting symptoms. Chances of Brain Damage Likely.

Greater than 10 minutes. Chances of Brain Death Likely

CPR:

C-Compressions, after checking for pulse via carotid artery or brachial artery for infant, perform 30 compressions, interrupted by two mouth to mouth breaths, one second each; repeat until emergency services arrive

A-Airway, Clear the airway and check for any obstructions;

B-Breathing, perform 2 rescue breaths 1 second each;

Recommended position for performing CPR is to have victim lying flat on his back

Recommended rate for effective compressions for adult/child is 100 to 120 compressions per minute

When performing compressions, make sure the chest returns to its original position

When performing adult CPR the depth of the compressions should be at least 2 inches deep (but not greater than 2.4 inches)

When performing child CPR, make sure your compressions are 1/3 of the depth of the chest or 2 inches deep

When performing infant CPR, make sure your compressions are 1/3 of the depth of the chest or 1 1/2 inches deep

For a child, depending on the size, you can use one or two hands

For an infant, use two fingers

If not comfortable performing mouth to mouth, call 911, but at least administer external chest compressions until help arrives. Note, conventional CPR is still advised for pediatric victims.

Key points, if performing Chest Compressions ONLY:

Chest compressions should be performed at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute

Increase the depth of chest compressions to 2 inches (but not greater than 2.4 inches) for adults/children and 1.5 inches for infants

Continue with chest compressions for as long as possible or until help arrives

There has been a change in the recommended sequence for the lone rescuer to initiate chest compressions before giving rescue breaths (C-A-B rather than A-B-C).

Before proceeding with General CPR:

Assess the environment to make sure you and the victim are not in danger

Make sure you are aware of your location to help emergency responders locate you

Assess the surroundings for anyone who can help

Avoid moving the victim unless there is an immediate danger to you or the victim

Determine if the victim is conscious or unconscious by positioning yourself next to the victim, tapping him/her on the shoulder and shouting "Are you OK? Are you Ok?"

Assess for no breathing or only gasping and check pulse. This should be performed simultaneously in less than 10 seconds.

Immediately ask someone to call 911 and then have the person report back to you. If no one is available, call 911 yourself prior to beginning CPR and leave the phone next to the victim.

To perform CPR, remember the basic steps of CPR administration called CAB. C for compressions, A for airway, and B for breathing.

The proper ratio is 30 chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths. Keep interruptions to less than 10 seconds. Continue administering compressions at a rate of 100-120/min with 2 rescue breaths until emergency services arrive.

Infant CPR (younger than 1 year)

The steps for performing CPR for infant are slightly different to adult and child.

Difference 1: Administration of CPR prior calling 911. Perform 5 reps of 30 compressions with 2 rescue breaths in between. Once done, then call 911.

Difference 4: Chest Compressions. When performing compressions, place 2 fingers on the breastbone (see video for more detail) -- just below the nipples and make sure not to press at the very end of the breastbone. Keep your other hand on the infant's forehead, keeping the head tilted back.

Difference 5: Depth of Compressions. Press down on the infant's chest so that it compresses about 1/3 of the depth of the chest, about 1 1/2 inches.

Before proceeding with Infant CPR:

Assess the environment to make sure you and the victim are not in danger

Make sure you are aware of your location to help emergency responders locate you

Assess the surroundings for anyone who can help

Avoid moving the victim unless there is an immediate danger to you or the victim

Determine if the victim is conscious or unconscious by positioning yourself next to the infant, and determine if the infant is responsive by tapping/flicking the victim on the foot several times.

Assess for no breathing or only gasping and check pulse. This should be performed simultaneously in less than 10 seconds.

If unconscious and help is available, immediately ask someone to call 911 and report back to you. If alone, (Difference 1) initiate CPR and perform 5 reps of 30 compressions with 2 rescue breaths in between, then call 911. Leave the phone next to the victim.

.XO-JB.

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