lang-learner

[lang-learner]

There's been a lot of PhD reading in may, but also a few nice things! 🌞

[lang-learner]

mais?? je viens de tomber sur un mec dans une vidéo youtube qui a vécu exactement la même chose que moi niveau langue! il a grandi entre deux pays, pareil, un anglophone, l’autre pas. trop fou

[lang-learner]

🤏 i’m this close to finishing pride and prejudice. i love how I’m not anxious for the ending cuz i know what to expect

[lang-learner]

Negations 101

I don’t like cheese - Je n’aime pas le fromage

I don’t like cheese anymore - Je n’aime plus le fromage

I’ve never liked cheese - Je n’ai jamais aimé le fromage

I don't like cheese yet - Je n'aime pas encore le fromage

I still don't like cheese - Je n'aime toujours pas le fromage

I don't always like cheese - Je n'aime pas toujours le fromage

I don't like cheese that much - Je n'aime pas tant que ça le fromage

I don't necessarily like cheese - Je n'aime pas forcément le fromage

(I only like cheese) - Je n’aime que le fromage

I will never like cheese again - Je n'aimerais plus jamais le fromage

I don’t like cheese nor bread - Je n’aime ni le fromage ni le pain

None of my friends like cheese - Aucun de mes amis n’aime le fromage

I like no one - Je n’aime personne

I like nothing - Je n’aime rien

I never like anything - Je n'aime jamais rien

I no longer like anything - Je n'aime plus rien

He is nowhere - Il n’est nulle part 

There’s nothing to do - Il n’y a rien à faire 

I don’t see anyone - Je ne vois personne

I can't see him - Je n'arrive pas à le voir** 

I see no solution - Je ne vois aucune solution

I never do anything - Je ne fais jamais rien

Don’t go! - Ne pars* pas / Ne partez pas 

Don’t go there! - N’y va pas

*We use Partir rather than Aller which is a transitive verb i.e. requires an object (I'm leaving is an acceptable sentence but I'm going is considered unfinished).

**We don't use Pouvoir (to be able to) as it would refer to one's physical ability to see. My eyes are functional, I just can't spot people.

Learn more about "Ne".

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[lang-learner]

Accounting and excel studies + some reading ~ June 2nd

My goal this week is to finish the last two modules of the accounting course. Afterwards, it’s just a matter of doing the practice problems and reviewing. I plan on taking a financing modeling course in July, so I need to improve my excel skills asap (boooo 🤧).

📖 Currently reading: Junie by Erin Crosby

I’ve been enjoying this a lot. I’m only 68 pages in, so it’s too soon to recommend, but I feel it’s a good book. There's a repetitive trope I'm hoping the author doesn't fall into, so fingers crossed.

[lang-learner]

Duolingo Sucks, Now What?: A Guide

Now that the quality of Duolingo has fallen (even more) due to AI and people are more willing to make the jump here are just some alternative apps and what languages they have:

"I just want an identical experience to DL"

Busuu (Languages: Spanish, Japanese, French, English, German, Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Chinese, Polish, Turkish, Russian, Arabic, Korean)

"I want a good audio-based app"

Language Transfer (Languages: French, Swahili, Italian, Greek, German, Turkish, Arabic, Spanish, English for Spanish Speakers)

"I want a good audio-based app and money's no object"

Pimsleur (Literally so many languages)

Glossika (Also a lot of languages, but minority languages are free)

*anecdote: I borrowed my brother's Japanese Pimsleur CD as a kid and I still remember how to say the weather is nice over a decade later. You can find the CDs at libraries and "other" places I'm sure.

"I have a pretty neat library card"

Mango (Languages: So many and the endangered/Indigenous courses are free even if you don't have a library that has a partnership with Mango)

Transparent Language: (Languages: THE MOST! Also the one that has the widest variety of African languages! Perhaps the most diverse in ESL and learning a foreign language not in English)

"I want SRS flashcards and have an android"

AnkiDroid: (Theoretically all languages, pre-made decks can be found easily)

"I want SRS flashcards and I have an iphone"

AnkiApp: It's almost as good as AnkiDroid and free compared to the official Anki app for iphone

"I don't mind ads and just want to learn Korean"

lingory

"I want an app made for Mandarin that's BETTER than DL and has multiple languages to learn Mandarin in"

ChineseSkill (You can use their older version of the course for free)

"I don't like any of these apps you mentioned already, give me one more"

Bunpo: (Languages: Japanese, Spanish, French, German, Korean, and Mandarin)

[lang-learner]

i have an italki lesson for this Saturday and Sunday to practice my french speaking. I've been slacking on french and I really feel like speaking it. my tutor this Sunday is a new one so I hope it goes well. I'll just practice my listening this week by watching youtube videos

[lang-learner]

i needed to read this today so im sharing it to all of you!!

[lang-learner]

shoutout to all the people who are working hard as fuck to heal themselves but can’t fully heal because they’re still stuck in toxic situations or around toxic people. please know you’re doing all that you can. you got this. keep going.

[lang-learner]

Dont

Dont is an invariable pronoun with a specificity: it only associates with verbs that require the preposition de.

J'aime le garçon > le garçon que j'aime.

Le garçon m'aime > le garçon qui m'aime.

Je parle du garçon > le garçon dont je parle.

It has five meanings:

Whose/with (portional): l'homme dont les cheveux sont longs - the man whose hair is long/with the long hair

Of which/whom (indirect object complement*): c'est l'appartement dont j'ai parlé - it is the flat of which I spoke about; cette femme, dont le nom m’échappe, est venue ce matin - this lady, the name of whom escapes me, came this morning.

To/from whom (adjective complement): j'ai fait un cadeau à la collègue dont je suis la plus proche - I gave a gift to the colleague to whom I am the closest to

By which/whom: la famille dont il fut entouré - the family by whom he was surrounded.

Including/of whom: il a eu dix enfants, dont neuf filles - he had ten children, nine of whom being girls.

[lang-learner]

-moment expressions

A aucun moment - at no moment

A ce moment là - at that particular moment

A tout moment - at any moment

Au bon moment - at the right moment

Au dernier moment - at the last moment

Au moment opportun - at the appropriate moment

Au moment où - at the moment where

Au moment voulu - at the set moment

A un moment (donné) - at a (given) moment

Ca va prendre un moment - it is going to take a moment

C'est le moment - it is the moment

C'est ton moment - it is your moment

C'est un mauvais moment à passer - it is a bad time to go through (to console someone before a difficult moment)

Dans un moment - in a moment

Du moment que - as long as

D'un moment à l'autre - any minute now

En ce moment - currently

Grand moment de solitude - great moment of solitude (feeling during a humiliation), m

Il y a un moment - a while ago

Il y a un moment où - at some point you need to

Jusqu'au moment où - until

Le moment est venu de - the time has come to

Momentané - brief

Momentanément - momentarily

Moment charnière - pivotal moment, m

Moment-clé - key moment, m

Moment de vérité - moment of truth, m

Par moments - every now and then

Pour le moment - for now

Sur le moment - when it happened, at the time

Un moment - one moment, m

Vivre le moment présent - living in the moment

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[lang-learner]

sometimes i overthink and worry so much about uni and life. like I just gotta learn to be grateful that I can even afford uni and the life I have. there's so many things I wanna do but I just gotta take it one step at a time.

[lang-learner]

Ways to translate Time

Temps, m:

I haven’t got much time: Je n'ai pas beaucoup de temps

You still have time: Tu as encore du temps

It was done in no time: Ça a été fait en un rien de temps

I’ve been gone for a long time: Je suis partie depuis longtemps

He was ahead of his time: Il était en avance sur son temps  

Moment, m:

Now is not the time: Ce n’est pas le moment

It could happen at any time: Cela pourrait arriver à tout moment

At that point, I said no: À ce moment-là, j’ai dit non

In that case, I’ll leave earlier: À ce moment-là, je partirai plus tôt  

Fois, f:

This time, I will be there: Cette fois, je serai là

Once upon a time: Il était une fois

Three times a day: Trois fois par jour 

Two at a time: Deux à la fois

The last time I saw her: La dernière fois que je l’ai vue

2 times 2 is 4: Deux fois deux égalent quatre

Heure, f:

I need to leave on time: Il faut que je parte à l’heure

It was two o'clock: Il était deux heures

What time do you wake up?: À quelle heure te lèves-tu? 

Mesure, f (music):

To keep time: Battre la mesure

In time: En mesure

Bar line: La barre de mesure

[lang-learner]

Dont

Dont is an invariable pronoun with a specificity: it only associates with verbs that require the preposition de.

J'aime le garçon > le garçon que j'aime.

Le garçon m'aime > le garçon qui m'aime.

Je parle du garçon > le garçon dont je parle.

It has five meanings:

Whose/with (portional): l'homme dont les cheveux sont longs - the man whose hair is long/with the long hair

Of which/whom (indirect object complement*): c'est l'appartement dont j'ai parlé - it is the flat of which I spoke about; cette femme, dont le nom m’échappe, est venue ce matin - this lady, the name of whom escapes me, came this morning.

To/from whom (adjective complement): j'ai fait un cadeau à la collègue dont je suis la plus proche - I gave a gift to the colleague to whom I am the closest to

By which/whom: la famille dont il fut entouré - the family by whom he was surrounded.

Including/of whom: il a eu dix enfants, dont neuf filles - he had ten children, nine of whom being girls.

[lang-learner]

-eux adjectives 1/2

Affectueux - affectionate

Affreux - awful/hideous

Ambitieux - ambitious

Amoureux - in love

Anguleux - angular/bony

Anxieux - anxious

Aqueux - water-based

Astucieux - astute

Audacieux - audacious

Baveux - slimy/runy (cooking)

Belliqueux - aggressive

Bienheureux - blissful/blessed

Bigleux - short-sighted (casual)

Boiteux - lame (that limps)/unstable

Boueux - muddy

Boutonneux - zitty

Calomnieux - slanderous

Cancéreux - cancerous

Caoutchouteux - rubbery

Capiteux - intoxicating (often about smells)

Capricieux - willful/difficult/fickle

Chaleureux - warm, friendly

Chanceux - lucky

Chatouilleux - ticklish

Cireux - waxy

Classieux - classy (often mocking)

Coléreux - quick-tempered

Comateux - comatose/sleepy (casual)

Consciencieux - painstaking/meticulous

Contagieux - contagious

Courageux - brave

Coûteux - costly

Crasseux - filthy

Crayeux - chalky

Crémeux - creamy

Creux - hollow/empty

Curieux - curious

Dangereux - dangerous

Dédaigneux - scornful

Défectueux - defective

Délicieux - delicious

Désastreux - disastrous

Désavantageux - unfavourable

Disgracieux - disagraceful

Doucereux - sickly sweet

Douloureux - painful

Douteux - dubious, unlikely

Duveteux - fuzzy

Élogieux - full of praise

Ennuyeux - boring

Envieux - envious

Fabuleux - fabulous

Facétieux - facetious

Fâcheux - annoying, unpleasant

Fallacieux - fallacious, deceptive

Fameux - renowned/notorious, much talked about, big

Fastidieux - tedious, tiresome

Fiévreux - feverish

Foireux - crappy (casual)

Fougueux - spirited, fiery

Frauduleux - fraudulous

Furieux - furious

Gâteux - doddering, senile

Généreux - generous

Glorieux - glorious

Gracieux - gracious

Grincheux - grumpy

Haineux - hateful

Hargneux - bad-tempered, nasty

Harmonieux - harmonious

Heureux - happy

Honteux - shameful

Impérieux - high and mighty/urgent

Impétueux - impulsive

Ingénieux - astute, clever

Injurieux - insulting

Insidieux - insidious

Irréverencieux - irreverent, disrespectful

Joyeux - joyful

Judicieux - judicious, wise

Juteux - juicy

Laborieux - laborious (hard work)

Laineux - wooly

Laiteux - milky

Langoureux - languid

Lumineux - bright (light)

Luxueux - luxurious

[lang-learner]

majawyh

[lang-learner]

Les temps verbaux

Les temps

Le passé

Pluperfect (plus-que-parfait): Elle avait fermé la porte - She had closed the door [imperfect Être/Avoir auxiliary + past participle]

Imperfect (imparfait): Elle fermait la porte - She closed the door [description, historical detail, habit in the past]

Perfect (passé composé): Elle a fermé la porte - She has closed the door [simple present Être/Avoir + past participle]

Simple past (passé simple): Elle ferma la porte - She closed the door [literary]

Past conditional (conditionnel passé): Elle aurait fermé la porte - She would have closed the door [present conditional Être/Avoir + past participle; expresses a regret or theory/fantasy]

Perfect past (passé antérieur): Elle eut fermé la porte - She had closed the door [simple past Être/Avoir + past participle; rare, literary, expresses the anteriority of an action compared to the one that follows]

Recent past (passé récent): Elle vient de fermer la porte - She just closed the door [simple present Venir de + infinitive; about what just happened]*

Past imperative (impératif passé): Aie fermé la porte - Have the door closed (before...) [present imperative Être/Avoir without the pronoun + past participle; only in 2nd person singular + 1st/2nd person plural, expresses the anteriority of an action (order, prohibition, suggestion, plea) compared to the one that follows]

Past infinitive (infinitif passé): Avoir fermé la porte est important - Having closed the door is important [present infinitive Être/Avoir + past participle; expresses the anteriority of an action accomplished before the one that follows]

(Past participle (participe passé): Elle a fermé la porte [used after an auxiliary in multiple compound tenses, usually to express a past action])

Le présent

Indicative/simple present (présent de l'indicatif/simple): Elle ferme la porte - She closes the door

Progressive present (présent progressif): Elle est en train de fermer la porte - She is closing the door [simple present Être + en train de + infinitive; about what is in the process of happening]

Present conditional (conditionnel présent): Elle fermerait la porte - She would close the door [expresses politeness, a desire, suggestion, theory]*

Present imperative (impératif présent): Ferme la porte - Close the door [simple present without the pronoun; only exists in 2nd person singular and 1st/2nd person plural, expresses an order, prohibition, recommendation, plea]

Present infinitive (infinitif présent): Fermer la porte - Close the door [infinitive verb; used in lists, on signs, after certain prepositions/conjugated verbs, expresses a number of feelings]

(Present participle: Elle ferme la porte menant aux chambres - She closes the door leading to the bedrooms [verb + -ant; used to add precisions and usually replaces qui + simple present verb])

Le futur

Near future (futur proche): Elle va fermer la porte - She is going to close the door [present Aller + infinitive; about what is about to happen]

Simple future (futur simple): Elle fermera la porte - She will close the door

Perfect future (futur antérieur): Elle aura fermé la porte - She will have closed the door [simple future Aller + infinitive; about what will have happened]

*NB: To use "If... (then)..." constructions, use imperfect for V.1 and present conditional for V.2 in the present (Si elle mangeait, elle n'aurait pas faim), or pluperfect for V1. and past conditional for V.2 in the past (Si elle avait mangé, elle n'aurait pas eu faim).

Les modes

Present gerund (gérondif présent): Elle ferme la porte en criant - She closes the door shouting [(conj. verb 1 +) en + verb 2 + -ant; used to describe two simultaneous actions, a consequence, or one's way of doing something; not to be used with a stative verb (Être, Sembler, etc.)]

Past gerund (gérondif passé): Ayant fermé la porte, elle fut enfermée dehors - Having closed the door, she was locked out [Être/Avoir + -ant + past participle; used to describe the anteriority of an action]

Present subjunctive (subjonctif présent): Il faut qu'elle ferme la porte - She has to close the door [triggered by certain constructions + que; about an uncertain action that hasn't happened atm, that only exists in someone's head.]

Past subjunctive (subjonctif passé): Il fallait qu'elle ait fermé la porte - She had to have closed the door [certain constructions + que + pronoun/noun + present subjunctive Être/Avoir + past participle; about an uncertain situation that might have happened]

Imperfect subjunctive (subjonctif imparfait): Il fallait qu'elle fermât la porte - She had to close the door [certain constructions + que + pronoun/noun + present subjunctive; RARE/lit., about an uncertain situation that hadn't happened yet]

Pluperfect subjunctive (subjonctif plus-que-parfait): Il fallait qu'elle eusse fermé la porte - She had to have closed the door [certain constructions + que + pronoun/noun + imperfect subjunctive Être/Avoir + past participle; RARE, lit., about an uncertain situation that might have happened]

Movie: Les Parapluies de Cherbourg - Jacques Demy, 1964

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