mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts

[mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts]

2017年9月2號

我今天學的語詞：

1）漿果葡萄麵包 

jiāng guǒ pú táo miàn bāo

raisin nut bread

我在星巴克買早餐，點漿果葡萄麵包得五十塊。

2）果醬 

guǒ jiàng 

jam

星巴克員工問我：《你要果醬嗎？》

我說：《是什麼？》

她給我看一下：《你要不要》

我不是故意的用第三聲調說：《要。》

“Jam” 怎麼講，我請他再說一次。

3）帶走 

dài zǒu 

to take out

我還不知道《帶走》跟 《外帶》什麼不一樣。

4）聯絡方式 

lián luò fāng shì  

contact information / way to contact

我的朋友想交我其他的，問我可不可以留下我別的朋友的聯絡方式。

5）困惑 

kùn huò 

confused 

我覺得《困惑》比《糊塗》好用。我聽過《糊塗》是不禮貌的感覺。

6）除非 

chú fēi 

except when

我請我朋友不要跟我說英文。他說：《我都會用中文跟你說，除非你看起來真的很困惑。》

7）假如 

jiǎ rú 

supposing if

《假如你真的不懂我會跟你講英文》

8）轉接頭 

zhuǎn jiē tóu 

adapter

我的宿舍房間沒有 WIFI。我只有 網路線 ，好可惜我電腦沒有合適的port, 所以我得買轉接頭。多虧了我的朋友昨天幫我辦SIM卡的事。我的手機會分享它的 data。 方便。

9）不急著買 

bù jí zhuó mǎi 

not in a rush to buy

因為我的電腦能用手機的data,所以我不急著買轉接頭。

10）打手機 

dǎ shǒu jī 

call my phone

我今天發現我不必說《給我打電話》。《打手機》聽起來比較隨便。

11）優秀 

yōu xiù

台灣大學學生都很優秀。

[mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts]

凡是 。。。都

 Anyone / anything  ... who / that

This phrase is very absolute, so don’t use it unless you either really mean it, or you are exaggerating. In fact, it is most commonly used in written language. Native speakers would use: 《如何。。。都》 in conversation.

This is also a long post full of example sentences and notes. 

1) 凡是 學過中文的人 都 同意中文是很難的語言。

Taken from the book: Crossing Paths by Hong Gang Jin,.

2）凡是 在中國留學的外國學生 都 必須辦學生證。

Taken from the book: Crossing Paths by Hong Gang Jin,.

3）凡是 去過鹿港的人 都 覺得那邊木瓜牛奶很棒！

Incorrect: 《凡是去過鹿港的人都覺得那個地方的木瓜牛奶萬歲》

First of all, my mistake was trying to use the phrase 《萬歲》. It’s something I often hear when my friends describe Lugang’s papaya milk. It means something along the line of  “Long live the king!” or “Hurrah!” So now I know it is definitely NOT an adjective. 《很棒》is more appropriate.

Secondly, none of the corrections I received condoned my use of《那個地方》. They all replaced it with 《那邊》. Sometimes they follow it with a 《的》and some of them omit it. Shrugs. Your call.

4）凡是 讀藝術的大學生 都 不無聊。

Incorrect version: “凡是讀者藝術的大學生都永遠一點也不無聊。” 

In this example, I use too many absolute words. I should either use: “都不無聊” ， “一點也不無聊” ， or  “永遠不無聊.” The key is to just be simple.

5）凡是 當父母的人 都 吃過苦。

Incorrect version: “凡是當父母的人都了解吃苦“

6）凡是 想了解中國文化的人 都 應該學中文。

7）凡是 看過 “哈利波特” 的人 都 喜歡。

8）凡是 有錢的人 都 還想擁有更多。

Incorrect: 《凡是有錢的人都還想多》

First of all, it needs an object.  This sentence:《凡是有錢的人都還想多 東西 》 would make a better case. Otherwise, like the correct version, I’d have to change or add a verb. 《擁有》means to possess or own. 

9）凡是 會游泳的人 都 不怕淹死。

《淹死》- yan1si3 to drown 

10）凡是 認真的學生 都 知道正確利用時間。

Incorrect: 《凡是很認真的學生直到把時間正確處理很重要》

So if this incorrect version was directly translated into English, it would make sense: “Any serious student knows that managing your time is very important.” But apparently, it doesn’t read well in Chinese. 

《利用》means to make good use of , or to take advantage of. I haven’t found any good translations for “time management.” But if anyone reading this post knows something, lmk! <3 

For the record 《正確》can mean “correct” or “proper” and can be used as an adverb as well.

11）凡是 吃過臭豆腐的人 都 喜歡！

12）凡是 來這裡求助的 都 算是我們的朋友。

Incorrect: 《凡是來這裡找幫助的人都算是朋友。》

My mistake here would be my use of 《幫助》。Sure it is the noun version of “help,” but it is more natural to use the noun 《幫忙》in this case. Otherwise, you should change the sentence structure: 

《求助》- qiu2zhu4 is a verb-object phrase meaning: “to seek help from sb.”

Note: No need to have 《人》after 《的》because it is already implied.

13）凡是 喜歡了一個男人的女孩 都 懂害羞的感覺。

incorrect: 《凡是喜歡一個男人的女孩都動了害羞的感覺。》

Just move the 《了》to after the 《喜歡》in order to convey that the girl must have liked a guy before understanding the gravity of shyness. 

14）凡是 到北京來的觀光客 都 會去遊覽長城。

Finally something I wrote correctly.

15）凡是 關於歷史的討厭她 都 有興趣。

Yup.

16）凡是 關於美國內戰的書他 都 要買。

yup #2

17）凡是 你要的我 都 給不了你。

In this case, we don’t really need to use 《凡是》, but for the purpose of  creating familiarity with the sentence structure it’s here! Otherwise, I’d omit 《凡是》 and keep the 《都》. 

18）凡是肯努力的人都會成功

Incorrect: 《凡是 會撒嬌的女人 都 很拿手。》

Completely different sentence right? 完全不一樣的句子。The correct version is much less sexist haha. The incorrect version uses 《拿手》inappropriately. No one really understood what I was trying to say and instead gave me this new phrase which is clean and can be commonly applied to many situations.

《肯》- to be willing

《努力》- hard work

《成功》- successful 

19）凡是 關於學校的事我 都 不想想。

Incorrect: 《凡是關於學校我都不要想。》

In this case I forgot to include 《的事》. Always remember to include....《的 + noun》 before going on with the《subject + 都》 . 

Furthermore, I used the phrase 《不要想》in an attempt to express “I don’t want to think about it.” The natural phrasing would in fact be: 《不想想》。 The first 《想》meaning “to want.” The second 《想》meaning “to think.”

20）血本無歸

xue4ben3wu2gui1

Incorrect: 凡是 下了血本的人 都 再沒有錢。

Sorry I’m lazy. No body says the sentence i have above. Fanshi is just not applicable. 

[mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts]

變得更

To become even more....

1) 每天練習中文為的就是希望變得更流利一些。

Practice Chinese everyday in order to become even more fluent.

2) 他為了成為醫生，變得更勤奮向上。

In order to become a doctor she became even more studious and hard-working.

[mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts]

smile 微笑 wéixiào - 呵呵 hēhē

laugh 大笑 dàxiào - 哈哈  hāhā

grin  露齿而笑  lù chǐ ér xiào - 嘻嘻  xī xī (hi hi)

chuckle 轻笑 qīng xiào 

smirk 得意地笑  déyì dì xiào - 哦吼吼 ó hǒu hǒu

simper 痴笑  chīxiào - 啊哈哈 a hāhā

snicker 坏笑 huàixiào - 咳咳  hāi hāi (keke)

giggle 咯咯笑  gēgē xiào - 咯咯

titter 偷笑 tōu xiào 

guffaw 狂笑 kuángxiào - 哇哈哈哈  wa hāhāhā

roar 哄笑 hōngxiào - 吼吼吼  hǒu hǒu hǒu

chortle 欢笑 huānxiào - 呵呵呵 hēhē

ridiucule 嘲笑 cháoxiào

mock 嘲弄 cháonòng

deride 讥笑 jīxiào

[mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts]

My notes from page 10 of「當代中文課程」by Shou-hsin Tent, PhD

[mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts]

遊戲 (yóu xì) = game

[mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts]

請幫一個迷路的小孩子。我不知道我寫對不對😅

我是說英文的人。也是跳舞學生。我的教授只會說國語，所以我知道我還得多學一點。

[mandarinchinesegrammarpointposts]

和***有關

“related to”

和游泳有關  --> related to swimming

和政治有關 --> related to politics

和動畫有關 --> related to anime

和漫畫有關 --> related to manga

和科學有關 --> related to science