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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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Final examination- Written Speech

The LGBTQ+ community has become one of society's most oppressed communities in recent years, with ingrained sexism and bigotry towards women. As a result, the SOGIE Bill needs to be introduced. It is one of the most divisive policy initiatives in Philippine history. The SOGIE Bill is a proposed law that would shield LGBTQ+ people (and their cisgender partners) from discrimination. Harassment, hate speech, and other acts of bigotry are examples of unfairly obstructing access to public services, health services, education, and jobs. ‘Rape Culture' is a subset of this. It's about cultural values and institutions that defend abusers, shame victims, foster impunity, and demand that women make unfathomable compromises in order to escape sexual harassment, the Philippines' throning president has shown this vividly and clearly. President Rodrigo Duterte, the epitome of rape culture, says, "As long as there are many beautiful women, there will be plenty of rape cases." Misogyny and homophobia has been around for years, posing a threat to current and future generations, but people continue to tolerate and accept perpetrators.

The war is still going on after decades of discord and conflict, and people will continue to fight until justice is served. As his regime continues, rape cases and spontaneous bias against sex character from hostile to LGBT also expands. Rodrigo Duterte should be kept responsible for the country's macho-feudal mentality and the perpetuation of rape culture. His disparaging comments about rape and bigotry inflame the situation, as well as intensify rampant human rights abuses and violations by perpetrators. Rape Culture and other forms of violence against women and homosexuals would thrive under Duterte's influence in a society full of macho-feudal enablers. It's no surprise that men are running amok and behaving as though they're safe. Despite the fact that his activities are frequently met with giggling, it doesn't change the way that his effect on individuals and the offspring of people in the future is exceptionally destructive. It could likewise affect those gender may be fluid and women's mental wellbeing. The sensation of being typified, badgering, and slighted could prompt a great deal of adverse consequences on how they see themselves. Checking their bodies on a regular basis and being consumed by dread and tension. Not being able to wear what they need in broad daylight and, in any case, being whistled while their bodies are encased in layers of clothing. These are some of the fights those individuals will have to fight every day for the rest of their lives because men like him exist. Duterte's popularity and power in the public eye make him an incredible tool for sexual orientation socialization. He should be assisting in the shaping of the general population and its future, but he is doing just the opposite. Duterte has blunderingly failed to take the lead in promoting the highest respect for women, homosexuals and children. He's spreading obliviousness, assault as a way of life, sex disparity, misogyny, racist police, bigotry, and extrajudicial killings on purpose. Try not to be silent about this because it is an important aspect of human tradition. Women and the LGBTQ+ community have a constant sense of fear. Owing to today's popular culture, doing business in front of the general public is particularly incensing and humiliating. It is perplexing how individuals frequently acclaim men and get granted for not explicitly hassling their companions who are women and members of the LGBTQ+ community. Individuals ought not agree to this since it's basic human decency. Show the kids in the current and people in the future to have regard, resistance, and sympathy for their peers, no matter what their gender identity is. Let us work together to protect women and members of the LGBTQ+ community from discrimination and violence, and to prosecute offenders, because they are people just like the rest of us. They require consideration rather than security.

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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Final Examination- speech

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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G.R. No. 81561 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, plaintiff-appellee vs. ANDRE MARTI, accused-appellant.

Somewhere between 10:00 and 11:00 a.m. of August 14, 1987, Andre Marti and his customary law spouse, Shirley Reyes, went to the corner of the "Manila Packing and Export Forwarders" in the Pistang Pilipino Complex, Ermita, Manila, conveying four present wrapped bundles. The appealing party educated Anita Reyes that he was sending the bundles to a companion in Zurich, Switzerland. Anita Reyes at that point inquired as to whether she could look at and examine the bundles. He refused. Guaranteeing her that the bundles just contained books, stogies, and gloves and were endowments to his companion in Zurich. October 6, 1987, keeping standard working methodology, opened the crates for conclusive review. He made an opening on one of the cellophane coverings and took a few grams of the substance thereof. Occupation Reyes later on requested an examination of samples he extracted from the cellophane. 1:30PM ON OCTOBER 6, 1987, He brought the letter and an example of litigant's shipment to the Narcotics Section of the National Bureau of Investigation. He was met by the Chief of Narcotics Section. Occupation Reyes educated the NBI that the remainder of the shipment was as yet in his office. Consequently, Job Reyes and three NBI specialists, and a photographic artist, went to the Reyes' office at Ermita, Manila. October 7, 1987, The NBI specialists made a stock and assumed responsibility for the container and of the substance thereof, in the wake of marking a "Receipt" recognizing care of the said impacts. From there on, an Information was recorded against the litigant for infringement of RA 6425, also called the Dangerous Drugs Act. Since the proof was principally found by a private individual, this raises the issue of disregarding established right against preposterous inquiries and capture of the individual. The NBI specialists made an unlawful inquiry which messed more up for the situation, making the contention fall on its own weight. Hence, it is illogical. Because of the appealing party being trying to claim ignorance, and was recently sentenced for ownership of hashish by the Kleve Court in the Federal Republic of Germany on January 1, 1982, the court speculated him more which prompted him being blameworthy and charged by the wrongdoing he had done.

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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G.R. NO. 145566 PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, appellee, vs. DINDO "BEBOT" MOJELLO, appellant.

On December 15, 1996, assault and manslaughter was performed by Dindo "Bebot" Mojello, which he conducted on his niece, Lenlen Rayco, which caused her passing. The twelve year old's body was found on the shore of Sitio Kota on December 16, 1996, between 5am to 6am. She was discovered wounded, injured, and exposed. On December 21, 1996, an examination was performed which the specialist noticed foam in her lungs and wounds on her neck. That being said, she was choked and kicked the bucket of asphyxia. On December 23, 1996, the appealing party executed an extrajudicial admission. The high court was not persuaded. Numerous months after the fact, because of his untrustworthy reasons, he was accused of the wrongdoing of assault with murder on May 22, 1997. He was then charged on July 24, 1997, entering a request of "not blameworthy." He just confessed to boxing the person in question, which then he speedily pursued away he submitted the demonstration. In spite of the fact that there were inadequate confirmations, he was as yet seen as blameworthy of assault in light of the fact that the downright affirmation of the litigant to the wrongdoing of assault combined with the corpus delicti. Regardless of being seen as blameworthy of assault and murder, an inquiry was as yet raised, "Was it truly assault or cardio-respiratory assault because of suffocation and actual wounds". The choice made by the high court was "Bebot" was seen as blameworthy because of sensible uncertainty of the wrongdoing of legally defined sexual assault and condemned to endure the punishment of hermitic lifestyle perpetua. He is likewise requested to pay the beneficiaries of the person in question, Lenlen Rayco, P50,000.00 as common reimbursement and P50,000.00 as good harms.

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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GROUP FIVE THE REVILLA POLITICAL DYNASTY

Researchers: KIM, EILLIE

VELASCO, JAMES

Slides Editor: GAMBOA, KEISHA

Speakers: APOLONIO, GHIERIN

TUGONON, MARC

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Background of the family

Family Tree

Wealth

Political History

Political Positions

Issues They Are Associated With

The Muder of Ram Revilla

Bongbong Revilla’s Campaign Ad

SUMMARY

The Revilla Political Dynasty started with Ramon Revilla Sr. (born José Acuña Bautista Sr.), who had previously made his way to fame as an actor in the country. One of the most notable bills implemented by Revilla was the “Revilla Bill” which states that: “The illegitimate children may use the surname of their father if their affiliation has been expressly recognized by the father through an admission in a public document or a private handwritten instrument made by the father”. Out of his estimated eighty children however, only seven of them seemed to desire following his footsteps in one or even both of the political and entertainment industries: Marlon becoming an actor and director, Rowena a councillor in the city of Bacoor, Bong an actor, TV presenter, and senator, Princess an actress and producer, Strike the deputy speaker of the House of Representatives, Andeng a film producer, actress, and mayor of Antipolo city, and Ram an actor. With only a monthly salary of P35,000 to P40,000, and investments of P 416,000 to P 2.12 M in his first 9 years of governance, Revilla Sr. managed to provide a monthly allowance of P26,000 (equating to an estimate of P25M a year) to each of his children, which has always been an area of suspicion for the public. There have also been many other issues involving this family, such as the infamous murder of late actor Ramgen “Ram” Revilla, who was allegedly killed by an intruder - his sisters (who were conversing as the crime took place) were also identified as suspects. Another notable controversy caused by the Revilla family was when Ramon Revilla Jr, commonly known as “Bong” Revilla, danced to budots for his new campaign video a few months after being acquitted of plunder charges and accused of pocketing P 224 M of his pork barrel fund during his time in office.

CONCLUSIONS

Apolonio, Ghierin:

I don’t really pay much attention to politics. The Revilla family gave us some positives and some negatives. They gave us the “Revilla bill” where the illegitimate can use their father’s last name. They are also accused of pocketing money from the government. Although for some people they appreciate the Revilla family, while for some they do not like the Revilla family. While we were doing the research about Revilla family, I was feeling mixed emotions. I think they implemented that law because Ramon Revilla Sr had an estimated 80 childrens. Most of them when to the politics maybe in order to continue for their last name to be known. For the Revilla bill, I think for some it is a good thing while for others it is a bad thing. I think for those people who are against they think that it is okay to have a child outside marriage.

In my own opinion the “Revilla bill” is useful for the illegitimate children for their documentation purposes. But if the Father has an outside marriage children, I think it isn’t good for the family that is legal. It’s like they are promoting for fathers to have an illegitimate child.

Gamboa, Keisha:

As the number of political dynasties and power-hungry officials continue to rise in the country, the importance of using our rights and duties as responsible citizens of the Philippines to further improve our decision-making skills and thoroughly contemplate our choices also increases, especially towards something as important as appointing candidates into influential positions. Incompetence is incompetence. Yes, everyone can make mistakes, but this common flaw shouldn’t be used as a free pass for those failures - we should hold people accountable. When politicians commit practices of graft and corruption, no matter how untrue or unintentional they claim these crimes to be, there will always be those at the receiving end of these harmful actions - the people.

The most disadvantaged of these citizens are those that (sadly) make up a big part of our population: the lower class, the poor, the less privileged, those who cannot afford necessities such as sufficient income, profitable jobs, ample food, proper shelter, and high quality medical attention because the money they had to give to the country (the government) went to projects that only benefited the wealthier class instead - or even perhaps directly to the banks of people whose luxurious lifestyles show just how much they didn’t actually need the said funds. How do you think the victims would feel seeing other, more privileged and powerful people, continue to defend and turn a blind eye to both their undeserving struggles and the blatant wrongdoings of their abusers?

Sizing up potential leaders based off of the background and history of those around them rather than their ethics and leadership skills as individuals is just ridiculous. Furthermore, do people even consider the contributions of these related people to the constitution along with their positions? How did the “Revilla Bill” positively impact our society? Doesn’t this just enable - promote, even - having extramarital affairs and abandoning one’s paternal responsibilities? Also, why are we letting political dynasties who have blatantly abused their power continue to run for even higher positions? Lastly, when are we going to realize that the amount of pesos these people have in their banks wouldn’t and shouldn’t be as high as they are if no corruption was really present?

The practice of giving influential positions to people solely because of their filial relations is far too rampant in the Philippines. Obviously, not everyone is competent enough to serve as a public official of the country, and - even more disappointingly - not everyone is educated enough to notice this either. As responsible citizens and those who are privileged to receive higher education, resources, and influence, we should stop blindly following these groups/clans/families because of what they said they would do and instead evaluate and look at what they have actually done for the Philippines prior to making these promises. These politicians were appointed by us citizens: we also hold some degree of responsibility for whether or not they repair or impair our country.

Kim, Yumin “Eillie”:

I did not study for political histories, senators, or issues of the Philippines before, and it was my first time to hear about the Revilla family too. I think I should know what is happening or has happened in this country from now on, at least until I stay here. The issues I have searched were quite shocking to me because of the cultural differences. Nowadays, most of the people raise only 2 to 3 babies or sometimes 4 in Korea, but Ramon Revilla had around 81 childrens that I cannot understand with my notions, and we are forbidden to have guns like in America or Philippines. It was a good opportunity for me to learn more about the Philippines, and I want the place or country I am staying at to be stable, developed, intelligent and safe.

Tugonon, Marc:

I used to despise the Revilla family, and I still do. I don’t think there will ever be a time or a reason my perspective will change about them. Though Ramon Revilla Sr. was a remarkable senator who served two terms, he may had notable legislative achievements, had an exemplary performance during his regime, does not mean their family should be praised already or to be put on a pedestal, because the name “Revilla” does not only apply to and represent Ramon Revilla Sr. only. It applies to all his children and grandchildren whose minds are strikingly corrupted. Take Bong Revilla as an example. He ruined his name, his whole family’s reputation by being a plunderer involved in the pork barrel scam. He was also the senator who danced budots for his campaign to get the votes of the poor so he can steal from them. The moral lesson here is to widen and really open your minds to different prejudice because it’s for the better of the whole country. If you let yourself explore, research, and thoroughly understand the people you idolize, you’re not just the one benefiting here, but the society as a whole. You can use all the knowledge you acquired and help spread awareness to those who are in favor of the evil and you could possibly change their stand and actually do the right thing; To revere those who are benevolent and have the capabilities to make change in the country.

Despite all the accusations, incompetence, and allegations against their name, their family remains nonchalant, and constantly deliberately taking advantage of what’s happening around them because they think they can somehow manipulate the natives, which is actually working, especially the poor, and it is actually very concerning. This just abundantly proves that nepotism does not do any good in politics. Those who are gifted with such a platform are just going to stand there and be pretentious with no any kind of knowledge on bettering or running the country. It is very disappointing how our country tolerates this kind of behavior. If we keep acting like we’re all blind, there will be no future for our country. Inflation, debts, poverty, abuse and many more will continue to rise. From now on, we must not support these kinds of families in the country, whether it’s in politics or showbiz or families in general who are a disgrace in the country that are constantly participating in such unlawful actions. This is for the better of us all and we shall keep fighting for justice.

Velasco, James:

For me I don’t pay much attention to politics nor care about it but i'm surprised to hear Ramon Revilla, a politician, has 80 or more children and still hasn't gone bankrupt. Though Ramon Revilla may have been a great senator and a great actor, it all went down when Bong Revilla came. Accused of pocketing PHP 224 million in his Pork Barrel fund, Bong Revilla was hated and criticized by the people for plundering and corruption. Though I'm not surprised since there are many corruptions happening in the Philippines and there's nothing we can do about it. Let this be a lesson to not vote for someone just because they belong in a political or rich family and be wise to vote for the ones that will lead us to a better place to live here in the Philippines.

REFERENCES

Guzman, N. D. (2018, October 16). The unsolved murder of Ramgen, Ramon Revilla's son. Esquiremag.ph. https://www.esquiremag.ph/culture/lifestyle/the-unsolved-murder-of-ramgen-ramon-revilla-s-son-a1729-20181016-lfrm2

List of political families in the Philippines. (2009, May 30). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved February 10, 2021, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_families_in_the_Philippines

Political families in the Philippines: Where are they now? (2012, March 15). The Asia Foundation. https://asiafoundation.org/2012/03/14/political-families-in-the-philippines-where-are-they-now/

Ramon Revilla SR. (2007, January 12). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved February 10, 2021, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramon_Revilla_Sr

Ramos, C. M. (2020, September 4). Bong Revilla: My quarantine is done. INQUIRER.net. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1331145/fwd-bong-revilla-my-quarantine-is-done

Sen. Revilla's family asks for prayers, remains mum over his condition – The Manila Times. (2020, August 19). The Manila Times. https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/08/19/news/latest-stories/sen-revillas-family-asks-for-prayers-remains-mum-over-his-condition/757576/

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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SECOND TRIME EXAMINATION

Equal In Dignity, Equal In Rights

Over the past few years, the LGBTQ+ community has been one of the most marginalized groups in society, hence the compulsion of the SOGIE Bill to be implemented. Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression Equality Bill (SOGIE BILL) or Anti-Discrimination Bill (ABD) is one of the most controversial proposals in Philippine legislative history. SOGIE Bill is a proposed act intended to protect members of the LGBTQ+ community (and their cisgender brothers and sisters) from discrimination, which includes the action of unlawfully obstructing access to public services, health services, education, employment, harassment, hate speech, and other acts of intolerance.

After almost 20 years of disjunction and altercation, the fight is still ongoing and people will continue to fight until justice is served. At the latter part of 2020, around the months of November and December, a debate occurred in regards to the notable SOGIE Bill. Many speculations were put into consideration, thus the occurrence of the debate. SOGIE Bill is supposed to improve the state of human right in the country, yet there are still egotistic homophobes and sexists who opposes the bill because they think it will penalize any institution (religious or civil) that will uphold the traditional teaching on gender and call it discrimination. In fact, the bill will not affect anyone in any shape or form, it will actually protect ALL people no matter what gender or sexuality. It will NOT allow gay marriage, nor change the gender marked on one’s birth certificate. Regardless of your gender identity and sexual orientation, the bill will extend equal rights to all. A lot of misconceptions around the internet were surfacing about how gay people they don’t get discriminated against or suffer from bigotry, therefore SOGIE Bill is not necessary. Yes, gay people have renowned figured in the media, but that doesn’t mean they haven’t experience prejudices and maltreatment in society. It also doesn’t mean they have experienced safety and acceptance in the community. Commonly asked questions from those who are in opposition are “Why should the LGBTQ+ community get preferential treatment?”. The SOGIE Bill protects EVERYONE, but due to abuse maltreatment to the LGBTQ+ community, they’re at higher risk encountering marginalization within the society. “Will women’s rights be jeopardized by the bill?” NO ONE will contravene or jeopardize on anyone’s rights, which is the whole point of SOGIE Bill. Human rights are for everyone. “Will it hinder religious freedom?”. The SOGIE Bill respects religion as a fundamental human right. The objective or main point of the bill is to cease maltreatment, hate-speech, and any kind of violence, whether it’s sexual assault or any domestic abuse. Regardless of how much reason there is as to why everyone should approve of the bill, testimonial injustice, epistemic friction, how such friction is not possible when society has echo chambers, ideology, and christians who use their religion as a counterargument to disregard the law. Their main reason why they oppose the implementation of the bill is because they think it’s just a “Reiteration of protection already provided under the Philippine Constitution”, said by the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). They think that health officials will encounter absurd challenges when conducting diagnosis due change in sexuality. It will cause confusion to health workers because of the change in gender identity. And crime detection will face greater challenges. Those are not rational reasons why the bill should be disregarded, those are just prejudices from people who do not allow themselves to widen their minds on the topic. At the end, the bill got approved. Let yourselves be educated all the time and continue to fight for what is right. Open and widen your minds to new ideas and be a great example for the current and future generations.

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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Jail the perpetrators

“For as long as there are many beautiful women, there are plenty of rape cases as well”, says President Rodrigo Duterte, an epitome of rape culture. As millions of people worldwide are aware, misogyny is a term used in many social injustice issues to express prejudice against women. It’s been all around for years which makes it detrimental to the current and future generations, yet people still endure and settle for perpetrators. A branch of misogyny is ‘Rape Culture’. It is about cultural norms and institutions that protect rapists, shame victims, promote impunity, and demand that women make such unreasonable sacrifices to avoid sexual assault as vividly and evidently shown by the Philippines’ throning president. With the rise in numbers of rape cases in the Philippines, the fascist, Rodrigo Duterte should be held accountable for perpetuating rape culture and enabling macho-feudal in the country. As his regime continues and rape culture being normalized, his derogatory remarks on rape further aggravates the people and the situation and as well as exacerbate rampant human rights abuses and violations by culprits. With Duterte’s influence, Rape Culture and other forms of violence against women will perpetuate in a society full of macho-feudal enablers. No wonder why men are running wild and free and acting like they are protected.

In 2016, a few months into his regime, Duterte’s rape jokes about an Australian missionary had surfaced on the internet and made it to international headlines. He said he should have been the first one to rape the “beautiful” Australian missionary. It’s very alarming how people can tolerate remarks that could potentially destroy their overall health, yet they just brush it off and laugh at his jokes as if it’s not something serious. Just a year after that, he then proceeded to say that he would congratulate any person who rapes Miss Universe. His rape remarks provoked his own appointee, Marawi civic leader Samira Gutoc-Tomawis, to resign as a member of the Bangsamoro Transition Commission. Though his actions are often met with laughter, it does not change the fact that his impact on men and the children of future generations is very harmful. It could also have an effect on women’s psychological health. The feeling of being objectified, harassed, and disrespected could lead to a lot of negative effects on how they see themselves. Constant monitoring of their bodies and being consumed by fear and anxiety. Not being able to wear what they want in public and still getting cat-called even when their bodies are wrapped in layers of clothing. Those are some of the struggles women have to go through every day for the rest of their lives because men like him exist. The power and role Duterte has in the society makes him a powerful instrument of gender socialization. He’s supposed to help mold the society and its future, but he’s doing the exact opposite. He’s consciously propagating ignorance, the culture of rape, gender inequality, misogyny, abusive police, homophobia, and extrajudicial killings. Duterte has miserably failed to take the lead role in promoting the utmost respect for women and children. Do not shut up about this topic because this is basic human decency. Every day, women live with fear. It is very infuriating and embarrassing to be a man in this society because of the prevailing culture in today’s generation. It is baffling how people often praise men and get awarded for not sexually harassing their female friends. People should not settle for this because it’s BASIC human decency. Teach the children in the current and future generations to have respect, tolerance, and compassion for women. Women won’t be needing anyone’s protection if men knew basic human decency. Women are also people just like everyone else. They need respect, not protection.

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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2ND TRIME L1# 1

COVID-19; The Battle of the Infectious Coronavirus Disease

Covid-19 is a hotly debated topic that often divides opinion. Delusional people say it’s just a made-up, imaginary, or unreal propaganda serving as news. On the contrary, some experts, researchers, and conspiracy theorists say, that Covid-19 was made intentionally to avoid a population boom and to lessen the global human population in China since they’re one of the Top 10 Countries with the Highest Population in the World, according to Internet World Stats written by Miniwatts Marketing Group.

Firstly, let’s take a look at Covid-19’s timeline in the Philippines and how it was able to enter the country. On January 22, 2020, the first suspect of Covid was investigated, later on, identified as the first case of Covid-19 on January 30, 2020. It was a 39-year old Chinese woman, together with her partner, who was on vacation in the Philippines. She was immediately admitted to San Lazaro Hospital in Manila. Her partner, who was also encountering symptoms of the said disease, was identified as the second case of Covid-19 in the country. His condition deteriorated, thus causing him to die and subsequently confirmed as the first death of Covid-19 outside of China on the 2nd of February. Secondly, the first confirmed case of a Filipino citizen outside the country was identified. He was a crew member of the cruise ship Diamond Princess and was quarantined in Japan. The third confirmed case in the country was also announced as well as the refugees from Wuhan who were quarantined for 14 days in the New Clark City in Capas, Tarlac. Fortunately, none of them showed any symptoms of the disease and hence getting released right after they were cleared. And there comes the month of March. The number of Covid cases combusted during this time and people were in full panic mode. On March 6, 2 new cases of the disease were announced. They were the first and second cases of Filipinos inside the country. The number of cases abruptly increased in a short span of time, which generated all the schools and workplaces nationwide to shut down. Duterte also declared a lockdown on the entire island of Luzon. Later on, Duterte signed Proclamation No. 929 that placed the entire Philippines under a state of calamity due to the impact that caused panic and trauma to the citizens brought by Covid. The president also gave additional orders to the frontliners in order to lessen fresh cases of Covid-19. Amidst the lockdown, Duterte signs, once again, an act called Administrative Order No. 26, to grant at least 500 pesos daily hazard pay for the government personnel who still go to work in spite of what’s happening in the country. Lastly, he signed the Bayanihan to Heal as One Act of 2020 into law, which grants him more power to handle Covid and its upcoming damages. He also announced in the public that his administration granted 200 billion pesos for those who are struggling financially due to the implementation of ECQ in the country. At the end of the month, a total of 2,084 cases were reported with a death toll of 88 and 49 recovered patients. Moving on to the month of April. People started protesting demanding food aid and were immediately arrested due to disobedience towards the Covid-19 protocol. As a consequence of people’s negligence to the protocol provided by the government, Duterte imposed protective measures on soldiers to protect themselves from rebellious protestors and quarantine violators. On April 5, the president signed an order, Administrative Order No. 28, which gives allowance to government health workers as a result of their bravery. Extension of quarantine until the 15th of May was also announced in the public. At this time of the month, the Philippine government disclosed the public disclosure of personal information of Covid-19 patients to avoid the escalation of the virus. Towards the end of the month, the Supreme Court demanded reduced pre-trial restrictions for those who committed crimes and are being suspected. At the end of the month, Covid brought a total of 8,212 cases with a death toll of 558 and 1,023 recovered patients. The month of May came by, bringing two hundred ninety-five new cases immediately with its first 3 days, which gives us a total of 9,223 new cases in the country. The government also tightened its restrictions on departures for overseas employment. The IATF-EID made amends towards the quarantine situations in some areas in the country. Modified Enhance Community Quarantine (MECQ), which is stricter than GCQ, was applied to Metro Manila, cities of Angeles and Bacoor, provinces of Laguna, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, and Zambales. While on the other hand, Cebu and Mandaue City were under ECQ, whereas the rest of the country was under GCQ. 10 days after the announcement of changes in quarantine in some parts of the country, all mayors of Metro Manila held a meeting which discoursed NCR’s situation regarding their quarantine situation. Metro Manila mayors have agreed that the NCR will be placed from MECQ to GCQ which will be effective on the following month, June 1, specifically. Eventually, ECQ in Luzon ended, hence the downgrade to GCQ or MECQ to some areas in the region. Furthermore, June arrives, bringing MECQ to NCR. June, with its first days of the year 2020, brought almost 20,000 fresh cases of Covid-19 in the country with almost a total of 1,000 deaths. In regards to the country’s education, UNICEF gave a helping hand to DepEd with the Basic Education Learning Continuity Plan for their back to school campaign. After 2 weeks, Covid with its uprising cases was almost unfeasible for the government, frontliners, and the country’s economy to control. Fortunately, DOH came to the media immediately to announce that among all the active cases in the country, 97.5% are mild. But that doesn’t change the fact that it is fatal. Towards the end of the month, many cases were reported among the repatriated Overseas Filipino Workers and Locally Stranded Individuals caused by the negligence of precautionary measures. DOH is asking for tighter proper implementation of guidelines to lessen Covid’s casualties, as it is one of the main sources of fresh cases in the country. After all, June came by very quickly and left the country with over 36,438 Covid cases. The Philippines spent its first 3 days for the month of July distinguishing for new cases. They successfully identified over 200+ MRT Line 3 workers who tested positive for Covid-19 within a span of 3 days. It was also announced that the first case of Covid-19 in Tawi Tawi was identified. It was a 44-year old police officer from Bongao. On July 8, the Philippines breached the 50,000-mark of Covid-19 cases. The Quezon City mayor, Joy Belmonte was one of the unfortunate citizens who got infected by the disease. Due to Covid-19 cases simultaneously rising, several Metro Manila hospitals reached their full capacity to give service to those who are infected with the disease, therefore putting all hospitals under “danger zone”. Halfway through July, Cebu City shifted to MECQ while Metro Manila remained under GCQ for another 2 weeks. The Philippines also reached 70,000 cases with a death toll of 2,837 and 23,381 recovered patients. 2 days after the announcement regarding the 70,000 mark of Covid-19 Cases, Cebu City demanded free testing, making them the first ones to declare free testing outside Metro Manila. At the end of the month, 89,374 cases were displayed in the media, with a death toll of 1,083 and 65,064 recovered patients. Moreover, Cebu City declares GCQ on the first day of August. However, Metro Manila was left with little to no changes and was still under GCQ. The country reached the 100,000 mark on the 2nd of August. On August 6, the Philippines finally surpassed Indonesia in terms of cases in Southeast Asia. Nothing much really happened in the month of August, besides topping in Southeast Asia with the most Covid-19 cases. September also came by very quickly which brought over 200,000 new cases of Covid-19, which generated the breaching of the 300,000 mark. Later on, Duterte appeared on national television, together with the Health Secretary Francisco Duque III. They issued a statement about Metro Manila being kept under GCQ together with Batangas, Tacloban, and Bacolod. Games such as basketball resumed in the month of October, as well as cases consistently getting worse. A miracle happened, and the number of cases of Covid in the Philippines miraculously slowed down for a short period of time, hence Indonesia surpassing us in terms of the number of Covid-19 cases in Southeast Asia. Afterwards, Malacanang declared GCQ for Metro Manila, Batangas, Iloilo City, Tacloban, Iligan City, and Lanao del Sur, while the rest of the country stays in MGCQ. After a few days of suspension due to the consecutive recent calamities that struck the country, PBA games resumed which in result, a player was confirmed positive with Covid-19. The Philippines also reached the 400,000 mark with a total of 401,416 cases. Towards the end of the month, the Senate approved the P4.5-T 2021 national budget which includes the increase in the country’s funding for Covid-19 vaccines. The month of December is up, and the country still has no free mass testing, therefore cases continuously rising. As of December 8, there are 443k confirmed cases of Covid-19. Another point worth noting is the Effects of COVID to the economy, health, and safety of the Philippines.If you are updated with the news today, read articles, or very active on social media, especially Twiter, you will know how incompetent the government is towards the recent ruckus the country is facing, the pandemic. In the early stage of Covid-19 in the Philippines, it was very much noticeable how the country’s economy deteriorated. Ironically, the government still managed to push through with the Manila Bay Beautification despite the uprising cases of Covid-19 cases in the country. Leaving its citizens screaming in agony. Ever since the first lockdown, free mass testing was not prescribed by the government. It’s currently the 8th of December and the Philippines still has no free mass testing. After almost 10 months in lockdown, President Rodrigo Duterte finally had a eureka moment and realized the government itself must provide testing if the country really wants to avoid and limit the virus. As stated by Harry Roque, Duterte is always 10 steps ahead on everything, but it seems like he’s 10 months delayed. Nonetheless, as reported by Asian Development Outlook (ADO) 2020 Update, the Philippines’ economy is expected to rebound in 2021. But drawbacks will still be expected next year that could really affect the country’s trade, investment, and OFW remittances. This is due to a slower global recovery that the world is experiencing as the outbreak is ongoing. In September 2020, the government had announced its preparations for the fiscal support package which includes cash subsidies to those who were heavily affected, ousted Filipino workers; agriculture, tourism, and transportation; and subsidies to the leading health care systems in the country and hence a controlled and well tracked economy for the country’s recovery next year.

Another factor to consider is efforts of the government, health sectors, and citizens in responding to the said pandemic. In the first few months of the lockdown, the President signed an act “Bayanihan To Heal As One”, where all measures were taken. This act gives the President the authority over organizations, workers, systerms, and any other matters relating to the pandemic. The government provided testing such as swab tests, but the country needs free mass testing. Not everyone is privileged enough to pay for a swab test due to its high price, especially the poor. In most parts of the country, squatters or residential areas can be seen everywhere. Their lives are at high risk due to their cramped spaces, leaving more room for Covid to infect more people. Duterte’s diabolical response to Covid-19 provoked more people to cause commotion, but in a good way. People used their platforms to cry for help in order to be heard by the government. In spite of all the madness; rallies and uproaring of people online, the government still managed to neglect and revoke the citizens and country’s condition. The incompetence of the government is not the only problem here, but the unruly and disobedient behaviors of the people towards the protocols. People should also be considerate and think of other people’s safety and health as well. They’re also risking their life by risking other people’s lives. Yes, wearing face masks and face shield is a great response to the said pandemic, but that won’t protect you from getting infected and that won’t lessen any casualties brought by the disease. Consider the health of those hardworking, exhausted, underpaid frontliners. Be sensitive to your surroundings and peers in order for the country to heal and recover as soon as possible. Last but not least, the on-going developments and progress about the Covid-19. As a person who’s very interested in politics, society, and culture, I go about my day scrolling through the internet, reading articles, watching news and press conferences. I have noticed that the Philippines seem to have been experiencing scarcity when it comes to obtaining developments and progress towards the pandemic. The Philippines lacked sufficient testing supplies; mass testing programs, research and manufacture of important drugs and vaccines, protection, government’s lack of planning in the required medical logistics desired to fight against the uprising Covid-19 cases. It is noticeable that the Philippine government is not clear with their intentions for the crisis the country is facing right now. For now, the country is dependent on other countries in terms of manufacturing vaccines for the Covid-19 due to lack of facilities, funding, and scientists in the country. The only progress the Philippines have is the funding for the upcoming vaccine which will be available in the latter half of 2021.

To sum up, the country is in a battle with its economic catastrophe together with the fatal pandemic, COVID-19. With the government’s incompetence, it is nowhere near feasible for the country to get back on track and recover as soon as possible. Having a eureka moment after 10 months into lockdown is also very unrealistic. It’s not a question anymore as to why the citizens despise the president so much. Nonetheless, the people won't, and will never stop fighting for accountability and transparency. This is a moment for the people to rethink their life decisions, and as quarantine will continue to extend, educate yourselves on the current and future matter.

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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DISASTER PLAN

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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REFLECTION PAPER

Land Reform, Land Grabbing, and Land Conversion in Calabarzon have some serious threats to our environment and to our people. Though these land uses have a lot of negative effects on our agricultural lands, it can actually adequately meet our needs at the same time. Yes, it may be adequate for our needs, but that does not cover the fact that this project is leading more to the negative side and can do more harm than good. Not only this affects the people within the Calabarzon provinces, but the whole country itself. This issue can worsen our country’s ‘reputation’. This subject is crucial because it will affect so many lives especially to those who depend on agriculture as their occupation. This heavily matters to them in the view of the fact that this is only their source of income, if taken away from them, the gap between the rich and poor will progressively worsen; The rich get richer and the poor get poorer (Matthew Effect). Mass evictions of poor families are also included in the process. If one does not abide by the rule, force eviction will be applied, or worse, violence will be applied. This issue started commencing when the Philippine government started getting hesitant about which path can benefit the country’s manifold economic, social, political, and environmental problems. One thing that the past government officials wanted to implement was the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP), a social justice government program that claims to help landless farmers and to those who cultivate the soil or farmworkers to give them ownership of agricultural lands. While on the other hand, the Ramos administration convinced that the Philippines can join the ranks of the Newly Industrialized Countries (NIC) by the year 2000. The Ramos regime focuses on transforming the Philippines into a newly industrialized country by the year 2000.

While this dilemma is occurring, the Calabarzon Project somehow managed itself to become a hurdle that has stood in the government’s way. The Calabarzon project covers 5 big provinces of the Southern Tagalog Region which some of the most productive rice lands in The Philippines is located and where some of the lands are controlled by the 1998 Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL). CARL focuses on bettering our country’s infrastructure investment and turn some regions into an engine of growth for Philippine industrialization. As time went by, the government realized some flaws under CARL which have caused it to change slowly by giving DAR the opportunity to decide whenever or the land not to be converted, not the landlords. Though a big part of agricultural land still exists in our country, it’s still possible for us to face some major problems in the future such as difficulty to produce the amount of food needed to feed the growing human population. Major health problems may also occur due to this project. More infrastructures mean less oxygen present in that area. Since trees, which require a large amount of soil, land, and space, are being taken down, people are now more prone to a lot of health issues. Plants are very important for maintaining oxygen in the atmosphere. Loss of animal habitats is also a major problem that we may face during the process. This can cause species mass extinction, which we are already facing. This is very crucial since most people are not on a plant-based diet and depend more on livestock. In addition to this, pollution would be more noticeable. Infrastructures have great significance in pollution since they use dangerous substances that are harmful to us, humans, and our environment. If CARL will be implemented, our risk of having and surviving natural calamities and phenomenons will definitely aggravate. Nature can help lessen the probability of having floods and tsunamis since trees absorb and store rainwater. Overcrowding in particular areas in the region/city is also concerning because people contribute to pollution almost 90% most of the time. Take New York City as an example, a beautiful city where skyscrapers, amazing amenities, and rats running everywhere in the city are present. Their pollution is one of the worst, making them rank in most polluted cities in the nation. Overcrowding in New York City heavily contributed to their pollution; Land pollution and air pollution. Beautiful infrastructures deceive people into thinking their chance of finding a job will increase, but the truth is, they’re all corrupt and some are just using you for money. This leads us to the next problem, Economic Failure. Since agriculture plays an important role in our country’s economy, loss of agricultural lands will greatly affect our economy. Many working Filipino’s, 40% specifically, classify agriculture as their occupation and contribute about 20% of the country’s GDP and is gradually decreasing. If they’re neglected, the country’s economy will continue to suffer. This project also participates in a problem the earth is facing, depleting of the ozone layer. Ozone layer depletion is caused by human activities; Manufacturing of chemicals, consumption of dangerous gases, and many more. Buildings use numerous materials that are very dangerous to our environment, it is possible that they’re also contributing to the depletion of the ozone layer. Ozone is very important because it protects the Earth’s surface from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation. If the ozone will continuously getting destroyed, humans would be more prone to health problems, such as skin cancers, cataracts, and immune deficiency disorders. The CARL project in the Calabarzon region will continue to be a problem for many landowners, farmworkers, the government, and the country itself because it has so many negative effects on the economy and citizens. Examples of why this will continue being a problem are families are being forced away from their land. This act is considered as trespassing on someone’s private property. It is their private property and no one else has the right to touch it and force the family living in that area to move and demolish their place for industrial growth purposes. Secondly, farmers were being forced to switch crops, even though most of them did not have the facilities to keep up with that lifestyle. In addition to that, atmospheric pollution is also getting worse caused by a lot of coal dust particles. If not monitored, our environment will continue to deteriorate and soon will struggle to give the people the healthy and clean air and oxygen they need. Furthermore, About 100,000 rural families will lose their farmlands to schemes connected with the Calabarzon Project. The Matthew effect is very much applied in this situation because the people in the province who rely on agriculture will struggle more to support their family’s needs. While on the other hand, the government and the rich get richer because they get to construct infrastructures and build businesses that could benefit them. It is very selfish of them to do such thing and that just shows how absurd, incompetent, and egotistical the government and some business owners are towards its people. Lastly, the country may possibly face scarcity of land when the project would be implemented. It would be hard for the government as well for the farmworkers to find for another land where they could grow crops and supplies to satisfy the people’s needs and wants. Overall, I am very disappointed about this issue because they could’ve thought of a better idea where they will not touch or ruin someone’s life in order for them to satisfy their wants. Moreover, I think it is very unnecessary to implement this project right now because we are facing a pandemic where everyone is panicking and lives are at risk and millions of people are dying. Many Filipinos are also struggling mentally, physically, and emotionally, and I think the government should focus more on its people’s situation and needs. But this does not mean people should stop voicing out their opinions and speaking up on this matter because, at the end of the day, this is still a crucial issue that our country is facing and people should also be educated about this to show nationalism. If this was thought of thoroughly, this could have been a great and beneficial project. They should’ve thought of better things to implement. Plans that could have helped the future, which is now, and plans that could have helped develop our country into a better nation. Instead, the government should implement a law where they offer sustainable homes to the homeless and give proper education to those who are underprivileged. They could also find ways on how to lessen natural calamities and phenomena's damages on our lands and infrastructures.

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marctugonon · 4 years ago

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FIRST TRIMESTRAL EXAMINATION Social Studies 10 - Contemporary Issues

Mining amid typhoon: large-scaling and typhoon vulnerability in the Philippines

This article states all the possible unfortunate events that may occur in the Philippines while in a battle of achieving economic development. Large-scale mining, a crucial source for the Philippines’ economic development. However, the country’s vulnerable to natural phenomena thus leaving room for the possibility of failure to support large-scale mining projects and the necessities of the rural poor.

Large-scale mining is a process of acquiring resources that cannot be grown or fabricated through artificial means. It is usually done to extract non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels, minerals, and water. Lage-scale mining is often performed by a large company that consists of many workers. Many government officials have tried to block large-scale mining’s way of entering our country. Many of them have shared their thoughts and visions about this topic, but this did not take away the fact that this problem is still ongoing and far from coming to an end. Large-scale mining in the Philippines has affected so many lives especially the rural poor. The rural population heavily depends on subsistence aquaculture and subsistence agriculture. Meaning, their life depends on natural resources, such as fertile soil and clean water. If large-scale mining is occurring in their area, the rural poor will not be able to meet their basic needs. They will be scarce for basic human resources. In spite of the situation, The Philippines still managed to find reasons as to why mining can positively affect our country, such as necessary for many products of our daily life, it can help the poor regions in the Philippines to develop tourism, help the economic growth of the country, and can help people to increase their wealth. There may be a lot of positive effects on our country, but this does not take away the fact that mining still has a lot of bad effects on our economy. Loss of biodiversity, ecological imbalance, endangerment of species, indigenous people may have to leave their homes and loss of resources. Those are just some of the bad causes that mining can contribute to our country. A lot of the government officials have spoken about the issue talking about its consequences and all the negative impacts of mining. Nevertheless, they still continue the process of mining because they think it can improve our economy and our country’s tourism. Due to climate change, typhoons and other natural phenomena are becoming more powerful and more unforeseeable, thus making it difficult for the country to declare mining as their main source of development. There are big risks that mining could encounter such as the stability of its tailing dam. When a big typhoon that carries heavy rain hits the country, it can lead to failing tailings impoundment. This occurrence can lead to bigger damages that the country may encounter. Bigger damages, more money to spend on, leading to economic failure. As stated in the article, our country’s vulnerability to big phenomena can hold back mining projects. The world, being itself, is constantly changing thus leaving room for the possibility of failure to support large-scale mining projects and the necessities of the rural poor. To balance out everything, we should consider the lives of our citizens who are suffering from poverty, hunger, poor health, and those who are underprivileged enough just to even enjoy human rights. We should also think about the effects of mining on our environment, especially when our country is situated where more typhoons are formed than anywhere else in the world. If we don’t consider our environment’s situation, we are gonna be in deep sorrow. If we just keep being impulsive, our economy will continue to fail and deteriorate. Think harder. Think outside of the box. Allow yourself to explore new ideas on how to develop a great economy. Find inspirations from other countries and analyze how they cope with economic development without your citizens getting affected by it. To sum it all up, this article shows how incompetent and inconsiderate our government is towards its people. They always think about the country’s development, especially tourism, and not give their attention to its grieving people.

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