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[mblaschum-blog]

I think this is a very good source. Explaining how the ideal body image differs from other areas of the world sounds very interesting. 

The effects of advertisements that sexually objectify women on state body dissatisfaction and judgments of women: The moderating roles of gender and internalization

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144515000960

Studies have shown that exposure to idealized images of women increases state body image disturbance. When men and women are subject to objectification, which means it is an interpersonal phenomenon that occurs when a person is seen or treated as a body or collection of body parts for use or consumption by others. So when men and women evaluate their bodies, especially from others perspective; it sets up the tone in which they think that there is “something not right” about them. Our ideal thoughts about men and women come about from a Western typed idea that we want to have the thought to see people how we want to see them. 

I feel like this would also be a credible source, because this journal article goes into depth of where these concepts come from and how these Western views came about. It also gave specific examples of how these ideas existed in different areas of the world. The only thing I did not like was that it did not give too much information on a mans’ point of view in regards to dissatisfaction of the body. 

[mblaschum-blog]

Sounds like a good source. Comparing different generations of those involved in hip-hop can show how the view of authenticity in the industry has changed. Could be interesting to see the differences.

Annotation #8

Nywalo, Mich(2013). “From "Badman” to “Gangsta” Double Consciousness and Authencity, from African-American folklore to hip-hop". Popular Music & Society, 36(4),460-475.

This journal talks about the true criteria background of what the music has to talk or be about to be considered authentic. For example, in this journal it was stated that “Keepin it real is frequently employed to prove hip-hop’s role as a truth teller, especially the truths about poor black urban life that many people want to shove under the rug”. It also gives the reader an idea of what and who is considered a great representation of the hip-hop culture. This study researches the different reasons why their is also no real image of an authentic rapper in the culture due to this folkloric figures of what the rapper should be such as a trickster, and badman made it hard for many upcoming artist or rappers to keep it real as they saw real to be to them.

This journal will be a great incorporation into my references because it will allow me to give a look of how the older or past generations in hip-hop saw their real authentic rappers as. It also has many supports to my idea of how the criteria that was once was established for an authentic hip-hop rapper who samples music into their owns has greatly changed.

[mblaschum-blog]

Annotation #10

A. (2011). Rodeo: The EPA Needs To Slow Down. Retrieved April 26, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xheNqLlhhFc

This video is a commercial arguing against EPA regulation. In the 30 second clip it is stated that EPA regulations will cause higher energy costs and put Americans out of work. It relates trying to get a job to staying on a bull in a rodeo. The video calls for the EPA to “slow down.”

This is a good source for research. It shows that most Americans are affected by EPA regulations and that they can often cause negative effects. Commercials such as these do a great job at taking a complicated issue and simplifying it for those who do not understand what exactly is occurring. 

[mblaschum-blog]

Good source. It seems to me that a show like 16 and Pregnant could use its content to educate young people about safe sex instead of just for entertainment purposes. 

Annotation #5:

16 and Pregnant: A content analysis of a reality television program about unplanned teen pregnancy.,

In this particular article they talk about how they analyzed the content of the show to determine the themes viewers were exposed too as well as reproductive health information, messages about sex, safer sex/condoms and contraception. Some of the themes included lack of support especially from teen fathers, sacrifice of activities previously enjoyed, difficulty following career and education plans and the surprise about the difficulties of parenting. Three study team members watched 3 seasons of 16 and pregnant separately and collected data about the shows content. The results that they came up with is that all pregnancies were unplanned, three episodes included a teen who put their baby up for adoption, and none of the episodes featured a teen who chose abortion. In its conclusion the authors say that although the show realistically portrays the struggles and hardships of teen parenting, it shows little information about safer sex/condoms, contraception and sex in general. It says it also ignores abortion as a legitimate option and omits a crucial part of the teens life.

[mblaschum-blog]

This sounds like a great source. You can definitely use the failure of “white-washed movies” as an argument against the notion that white-washing is necessary to generate revenue. 

Annotation #10

http://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/apr/18/scarlett-johansson-ghost-in-the-shell-max-landis

This is a great article by Ben Childs regarding the argument that directors use to justify white washing. This article also mirrors the collective attitude of the people voicing their opinion on Hollywood and whitewashing which I have collected through screen shots from Tumblr, Twitter, and Facebook. However, this article addresses the perspective of those who defend Hollywood’s decision to white wash and challenges their most used argument being that we need white actors with big names to generate money. According to this argument, that is just how the industry works. 

Nevertheless, movies that have white washed their leading cast such as God’s of Egypt, Pan, and Aloha turned out to be box office failures. If this is the case, it is almost a mystery as to why Hollywood continues to white wash time and time again. Just recently, news of a live action film for the Japanese anime “Ghost in the Shell” has been announced along with it’s leading star, Scarlet Johansson. While there were a good amount of people who were indifferent to this particular casting choice, there was an equal amount of people who showed their disapproval. Apparently, Hollywood cannot learn from its mistakes. 

[mblaschum-blog]

Annotation #9

Lee, M. (2015). Our lost Constitution: The willful subversion of America's founding document. New York, NY: Penguin Group.

Our Lost Constitution written by Senator Mike Lee (R-UT) is a book outlining in great detail how the Federal Government has misused the Constitution to gain power. These power gains come from interpreting constitutional clauses, such as the Commerce Clause and the Establishment Clause, in a broad manner. Interpreting these clauses broadly has lead to the Federal Government being involved in areas that they were not intended to be by the founding fathers. For example the Federal Government argues that it has the power to regulate firearms as it is possible that they can be sold across state lines. This would fall under the Commerce Clause which allows the Federal Government to regulate interstate commerce. 

This is a great source for a paper about the overreach of the Federal Government. However, although my paper is about government overreach at its core, the main idea of my paper deals specifically with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). For this reason, although it is a great source and a great book, I will not be able to use it extensively in my research paper.  

[mblaschum-blog]

Sounds like a great example for your paper. Solid statistics like this really lend to logical rhetoric and can make your paper a lot more credible to the reader.

Annotation 5

D'Antona, R. (2010). Sexting, Texting, Cyberbullying and Keeping Youth Safe Online [Abstract]. Journal of Social Sciences 6. Retrieved March 29, 2016, from http://crawl.prod.proquest.com.s3.amazonaws.com/fpcache/f3d1a5d256b1457401b6c5c6708bdfc3.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAJF7V7KNV2KKY2NUQ&Expires=1459285746&Signature=G72RIFtz6P8TM6ybzuJb2jG8VJA=

This scholarly article is a study on younger children and their perception of cyber bullying. The article states that they found results and 35% of third, fourth and fifth graders had their own cellphone, 11.4% recorded that they have received a mean or hurtful text message, and 45.6% recorded that they have been bullied in school. This shows that children have been bullied and have had the courage to tell someone about it.

I will be able to use this in my paper because it shows that children aren’t ready for cell phones at such a young age. There is no reason for a child that young to be worried about receiving an email or text message and being bullied online. The result of this study says that “students are provided with technology at young ages and receive very little guidance to protect them from cyber bullying.” This statement shows that there are many children who are receiving cell phones at young ages and the parents aren’t carefully watching what they are getting into. They don’t have the common knowledge like older children do. There are a lot of things that could go wrong, one is being cyber bullied and this study is a perfect example of it.

[mblaschum-blog]

This sounds like a great source. Showing that change sounds like it supports your argument very well and gives credibility to your argument. 

Waif goodbye! Average-size female models promote positive body image and appeal to consumers

Diedrichs, P. C., & Lee, C. (2011). Waif goodbye! Average-size female models promote positive body image and appeal to consumers. Psychology & Health, 26(10), 1273-1291 19p. doi:10.1080/08870446.2010.515308

In recent trends, women of the average size has come to the conclusion to try and promote healthy, positive body images through social media and advertisement brands. Through social media and ads, women who are thin are seen as the ideal type while in reality they are thin forcing them to have unhealthy habits in their lifestyles. Eating disorders, over exercising, and other harmful effects have given the women the power to try and change this trend. Though this, they have targeted teenagers to make sure they understand that they are beautiful inside and out. Men are also joining in the campaign given that consumers are trying to stay in an ideal thought of just one particular size. Through this, men and women want consumers to appeal to a broader spectrum and change their brands. 

This article was helpful because it gives clear examples of what men and women are doing in the world to promote positive body image. Women want to use average size body types to appeal to consumers and teenagers alike. This would help in my final paper to support my thesis that things are in fact changing and that consumers are starting to listen. While consumers have this one thought about how men and women should look, some are starting to rethink why they started their business in the first place. 

[mblaschum-blog]

Annotation #7

Couple Sues EPA for Abuse of Power. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2016, from http://video.foxbusiness.com/v/1164085708001/couple-sues-epa-for-abuse-of-power/#sp=show-clips

This video relates to my previous annotation about the Sackett family. In the video Rep. Raul Labrador, the Sackett’s Congressman, is interviewed about the lawsuit brought against the EPA by the Sacketts. In the video Labrador speaks about how the EPA violated due process of law by fining the Sacketts for spreading gravel on their property. He also strongly encourages the Sacketts to contact his office. 

This video can be very helpful because it goes further into the Sackett’s situation. I plan to use the Sacketts as an example of one of the many abuses perpetrated by the EPA. Having another video such as this in addition to an interview from Senator Rand Paul, will help greatly in legitimizing the example.

[mblaschum-blog]

Its great that you are drawing information from both sexes. Doing that allows you to show how it affects everyone. It is also good to have a source close to you like that because it can make your paper more relatable. 

Annotation 9: Blog Post

My final paper is about society putting too much pressure on women to have a perfect body. I was talking with my co-worker about this because her son has pressure put on him about his body. My co-worker was saying that she’s never been comfortable with her body so she lacks confidence. Her teenage son is showing some of these signs also. She was saying that she’ll catch him saying things like, “my butt looks too big in these jeans” when they go out shopping and trying outfits on. This ties in with the discussion of my paper because it shows that it isn’t just women that feel pressures from society, men feel it also.

[mblaschum-blog]

Having an example of how hip hop is developing in other countries seems like it could be very useful. You can compare and contrast how it has developed in Tanzania versus the United States which could make for an interesting comparison of how authenticity is viewed across the world.

Annotation #6 for final paper

Clark, M. K., ( September, 2013). Journal of Pan African Studies. The Struggle for Hip Hop Authenticity and Against Commercialization in Tanzania, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p5-21. 17p

This journal article talks about the authenticity and commodification are being debated in Tanzanian hip hop. These ideas have been a part of hip hop studies in the US and are increasingly surfacing in Africa as hip hop competes with pop music. In this paper ideas of hip hop authenticity and its commodification in Tanzania are discussed in relation to the confrontation between hip hop and pop music. Tanzania has become one of the latest of hip hop’s communities to begin grappling with ideas of hip hop authenticity and the impact of commodification on hip hop culture. Linking themselves to a broader, global hip hop community, Tanzanian artists attempt to define “authentic” hip hop music and culture; and to establish mechanisms for the maintenance of hip hop “authenticity”.

I think that this would be useful to use in my paper because it talks about hip hop itself and its culture and how it is different in other countries like Tanzania.

[mblaschum-blog]

Annotation #6

"Rand Paul Takes On EPA Government Bullies." YouTube. YouTube, 02 Oct. 2012. Web. 04 Apr. 2016.

This video consists of an interview with Rand Paul about why he is so passionate about taking on the EPA. Senator Paul talks about how he was inspired to write his book “Government Bullies” after hearing the story of the Sackett family. The Sackett family was fined large sums of money by the EPA for spreading gravel on a lot they purchased. The lot was declared a wetland by the EPA and therefore the Sackett’s were fined $75,000 a day for spreading gravel, which according to the EPA is illegal. Senator Paul describes how the Sacketts fought the EPA all the way to the Supreme Court and won.

This source will be very helpful in my research. To have an example of one of the many abuses committed by the EPA, will really make my argument that much stronger. The case of the Sacketts is also somewhat relatable to most people. At some point or another it is likely that a reader has experienced some sort of fine for something they felt they shouldn’t be fined for. For this reason having an example like this will provide the reader with a connection to their own lives.

[mblaschum-blog]

I like this source because it questions people’s conceptions of what celebrity is and therefore the authenticity of celebrity. This source really seems to connect to the overall course theme of authenticity. It should also be very good for your paper if that’s what you seek to explore.

ANNOTATION 4 : POP CULTURE ARTIFACTS

Viceland. (2016, February 23). Bompton with Kendrick Lamar ( noisey episode 1) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPmk7I0A8k8 

This video basically talks about the gang violence in Compton California and how they are a lot of bloods that surround and live in Compton. It explains how in black young man name Kendrick Lamar avoided the gang life and became a famous celebrity rapper that raps about the struggle of coming from nothing and making it out of Compton or Bompton as it is said in the video.

I could use this video in paper because it describe how you don’t necessarily have to live that stereotypical rich life to gain attention from society and become a celebrity. As you see here in the video Kendrick does not walk around with five gold chains and a new Lamborghini to show that he is a celebrity. He has millions but that does not define a celebrity and it certainly is not why people like him so much. the like him because him raps about true life stories and struggles that a black boy living in bompton goes through. 

[mblaschum-blog]

Sounds like a great source to support your paper. It definitely seems like it has the facts that you need in order to substantiate your claims. It’s very good to find a source like this because it has legitimate facts that a harder to dispute. 

Academic Annotation #3

Maltby, J., Giles, DC., Barber, L. & McCutcheon, L.E. (2005). Intense-personal celebrity worship and body image: Evidence of a link among female adolescents. British Journal of Health Psychology, 10(1), 17-32.

This journal explores the link between celebrity worship and it’s effects on specifically adolescent girls. Its findings include negative impacts on young girl’s self body-image because of the high volume of attention to thin females in the media. They also include examples of the different illnesses young girls develop as a result, for example anorexia. The difference between genders and their vulnerability to the media is also noted, saying that males may be susceptible to developing a poor body image, but that females are much more inclined to to do so. It also talks about the varying degrees of celebrity worship and what each level entails.

I can use this source in my paper to provide an extensive amount of evidence that the media is male-dominant, and therefore has more negative effects on girls than boys. It will help the feminist aspect of my paper to become more solid. It can also contribute to my conversation about the negative effects of celebrity idols on young people’s body-image. This journal supports my argument completely, so it is very useful to my paper.

[mblaschum-blog]

Annotation #6

Gray, W. B.. (1987). The Cost of Regulation: OSHA, EPA and the Productivity Slowdown. The American Economic Review, 77(5), 998–1006. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1810223

The Cost of Regulation written by W. B. Gray is a study in The American Economic Review that seeks to explain the relation between regulation imposed by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), and its affect on productivity. Within the study Gray finds that OSHA and EPA regulation has had a negative effect on productivity. He explains that there is a significant link between regulation and productivity, especially when both OSHA and EPA regulations are taken into account.

 This is a great source for my research as it contains data and numbers that are factual evidence of my claims. One aspect I want to include in my paper is how regulation affects business and production. The findings in this report back up my stance on the issue and therefore will be very useful while writing. 

[mblaschum-blog]

How we perceive rock stars has certainly changed over the years from bands like Led Zeppelin to the bands of today. Its interesting to see what we consider to be an authentic rock star nowadays versus 30-40 years ago. Sounds like a great topic. 

Annotation #4, Pop Culture Artifact #2

(80thisvelvetglove). (2012, August, 6). Led Zeppelin - Since I’ve Been Loving You 1973. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBvxhp4JAe4

In this music video, a live show is performed in Madison Square Garden in 1973 by a rock band known as Led Zeppelin. The footage is from their concert film “The Song Remains The Same” where the group (Robert Plant - Lead Vocals, Jimmy Page - Guitar, Jon Bonham - Drums, John Paul Jones - Keyboard/Bass Guitar) performs there song “Since I’ve Been Loving You”.

This live performance by Led Zeppelin, I believe, can serve as an exceptional example of one perception an individual can have on rock stars. During the course of the assignments I have worked on so far, my understanding of the term “rock star” has broadened and this video stands as solid representation of what I believed was the standard for the term initially.

[mblaschum-blog]

It sounds very interesting to explore how and why female rappers were able to change how they appear in order to be more authentic. This source sounds perfect for your research and seems like a prime example of explaining authenticity in hip-hop.

Annotation #5

Smith, M. R. (2014). “Or a Real, Real Bad Lesbian”: Nicki Minaj and the Acknowledgement of Queer Desire in Hip-Hop Culture.Popular Music & Society, 37(3), 360-370.

This article talks about the masculine image the female rappers had to have to be considered a rapper to their fellow opposite sex competition in the industry. It also talks about the new generation female rapper Nicki Minaj and her image that she is upholding through her music to be considered one of the best female rappers. It gives some examples and descriptions about older generation female rappers as well, and the image they had at the time to be considered authentic. Nicki Minaj authenticity is defended in this article saying the hard queer image that the males fantasised about in actuality are the image the older generation used to judge the female rappers off of to see if they were real rappers.  

This article will help me to strenghten my paper because it will allow for me to build on the argument about authenticity on for the females in the hip hop industry, and also to see what image older generation female rappers had to be considered authentic. Also, it gives me an example of a female rapper that is in this generation that has gotten the title of a real authentic rapper which is Nicki Minaj. This article allows for me to put in information about the transition of hip hop for the female rappers as well for their music to be considered authentic, so this will help strengthen my argument.